A vibration-damping coal mining device based on damping particles, a damping vibration reduction design method, and its applications.

Abstract

This invention provides a vibration-damping coal mining device based on damping particles, a damping vibration reduction design method, and its applications. The shells of the cutting drum, the cutting rocker arm, and the frame all have a sandwich structure. The sandwich structure of the cutting drum shell is filled with drum damping particles of different sizes, the sandwich structure of the cutting rocker arm shell is filled with rocker arm damping particles of different sizes, and the sandwich structure of the frame shell is filled with frame damping particles of the same size. This effectively improves the overall modal damping ratio of the coal mining device, significantly increases the attenuation of energy generated by vibration during operation along the structural transmission path of the coal mining device, and effectively suppresses fatigue damage to the structure and related components of the coal mining device. It not only improves the vibration reduction and noise reduction level of the coal mining device but also reduces maintenance costs during daily operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mining equipment technology, and relates to a vibration reduction coal mining device based on damping particles, a damping vibration reduction design method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The working environment in underground coal mines is harsh. During the cutting of coal and rock, uneven strength of the coal and rock inevitably causes impact loads, and vibrations are generated by the extrusion and cracking of coal and rock during the cutting process. Excessive vibration can significantly reduce the service life of various components of the coal mining equipment, leading to abnormal wear and tear. In actual operation, excessive and severe vibration often results in breakage of cutting teeth in the coal mining equipment, breakage of gear tips in the rocker arm transmission system, abnormal wear and tear of rocker arm connecting pins, gears in the guide mechanism of the traveling part, and pins of the scraper conveyor, as well as electrical faults. In severe cases, this can cause downtime, affecting production efficiency and causing economic losses. In addition, the vibration is accompanied by significant noise, which further worsens the working environment for operators and seriously affects their physical and mental health.

[0003] The vibration and impact excitation generated during the cutting of coal and rock by coal mining equipment is transmitted to the machine body through the internal transmission system of the rocker arm and structural shell components, and superimposed with other vibration sources, causing vibration of the main body and auxiliary structures of the equipment. Actual engineering statistics show that the most common failures of coal mining equipment are mechanical and electrical faults, and more than 50% of these failures are caused by impact vibration. Research on the vibration of coal mining equipment reveals that the vibration of drum-type coal mining equipment is characterized by low to medium frequency and large impact, with the most intense vibration and largest amplitude occurring in the drum rocker arm section. Therefore, it is necessary to constrain the vibration caused by alternating forces to ensure that the overall vibration of the coal mining equipment is within acceptable limits. The main measures for constraint include enhancing the static stiffness and dynamic stiffness of the structure, and damping. Currently, many research institutes and enterprises have carried out research on the application of vibration reduction technology for coal mining equipment.

[0004] In the prior art, patent CN206053945U discloses a vibration-damping drum coal mining device, the scheme of which is as follows: the vibration-damping drum coal mining device includes a moving part and two cutting parts; the two cutting parts are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the moving part; the cutting part has a rocker arm, and the free end of the rocker arm is connected to a drum; a cutting motor is installed inside the rocker arm, and the output shaft of the cutting motor is connected to a planetary reducer; the planetary reducer is installed inside the drum, and it is coaxial with the cutting motor; multiple vibration-damping mechanisms are provided on both sides of the moving part, and the vibration-damping mechanisms include an interconnected resistance system and a support frame, the resistance system being a retractable hydraulic buffer.

[0005] Patent CN210370626U discloses a vibration-damping drum coal mining device, including a crusher feed, rocker arms, and baffles. Rocker arms are embedded and connected to both ends of the crushing mechanism, and vibration damping frames are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rocker arms. An electrical control unit is fixedly connected to the middle part of the crushing mechanism, and traction units are fixedly connected to both sides of the electrical control unit. Working units are fixedly connected to the top of both sides of the crushing mechanism, and a vibration damping mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rocker arms. The vibration damping mechanism consists of a rubber pad on one side, a connecting plate in the middle part, a second vibration damping cylinder on the other side, a stop plate on the other side of the rubber pad, and a vibration damping triangle on one side of the connecting plate. The vibration damping mechanism can initially dampen the entire coal mining device through the rubber pad, then further dampen it through the vibration damping triangle, and finally dampen the coal mining device through the second vibration damping cylinder.

[0006] Patent CN103742137A discloses a rocker arm vibration damping device and a coal mining device. The rocker arm vibration damping device includes a hinge part for hinged to the rocker arm of the coal mining device, an outer cylinder, a vibration damping element, and a connecting element. The hinge part is fixed to the closed end of the outer cylinder. The vibration damping element is disposed inside the outer cylinder. The connecting element is movably disposed inside the outer cylinder. One end of the connecting element abuts against the vibration damping element, and the other end is connected to the rocker arm height adjustment cylinder of the coal mining device.

[0007] Patent CN103742141A discloses a support shock absorption device and a coal mining device. The support shock absorption device includes an outer seat, a support slipper, a shock absorption element, and a telescopic leg. The support slipper is connected to the outer seat, the shock absorption element is disposed inside the outer seat, and the telescopic leg is movably disposed inside the outer seat. One end of the telescopic leg is in contact with the shock absorption element, and the other end is connected to the body of the coal mining device.

[0008] Currently, the structural design of the rocker arm and body of traditional coal mining equipment mainly relies on empirical design. To ensure structural reliability while meeting the installation requirements of internal transmission components, the weight of the rocker arm and body has been increased, resulting in serious over-design. Simply increasing the static and dynamic stiffness of the rocker arm and body structure is extremely limited. Even if methods were found to enhance the static and dynamic stiffness of these structures, the vibration energy generated by the drum cutting teeth during coal breaking would not be reduced at all, potentially leading to more severe structural resonance. Only by appropriately adding damping to dissipate the vibration energy generated by the drum cutting teeth during coal breaking can the vibration be reduced to a reasonable range. Since the overall structure of the rocker arm in a coal mining equipment requires a certain stiffness to ensure the coal breaking thrust, traditional dampers, such as springs and flexible structures, not only fail to dissipate the vibration energy generated by the drum cutting teeth during coal breaking but also reduce the drum rocker arm's thrust, thus reducing the coal breaking effect.

[0009] In summary, particle damping vibration reduction and noise reduction technology can fully meet the vibration reduction requirements of coal mining equipment. Preliminary research revealed that the vibration characteristics of the drum arm and machine body of the coal mining equipment are entirely within the effective range of particle damping. Particle damping technology dissipates vibration energy through particle collisions within the damper, and it has a wide operating frequency range (0-6000Hz). Furthermore, based on the successful experience of our research group in previous engineering cases, particle damping is particularly effective for reducing vibrations at low and medium frequencies, with large amplitudes and large impacts, which aligns with the vibration characteristics of the drum arm and machine body.

[0010] Currently, there are no coal mining devices that use particle damping technology. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the whole machine and its key components based on the technical principles, and to optimize and improve the whole machine and its key components using particle damping technology to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a vibration-damping coal mining device based on damping particles, a damping vibration reduction design method, and its applications. This invention can effectively improve the overall modal damping ratio of the coal mining device, significantly increase the attenuation of energy generated by vibration during operation along the structural transmission path of the coal mining device, and effectively suppress fatigue damage to the structure and related components of the coal mining device. It not only improves the vibration reduction and noise reduction level of the coal mining device and effectively reduces the vibration of the structure, extends the lifespan of structural components and the overall device, but also reduces maintenance costs during daily operation. This invention has significant practical implications in the field of vibration reduction and noise reduction technology for coal mine machinery engineering.

[0012] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0013] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a vibration-damping coal mining device based on damping particles. The vibration-damping coal mining device includes a frame, with cutting rocker arms movably mounted at both ends of the frame. A cutting motor is mounted on each cutting rocker arm, and a cutting drum is mounted at the end of the cutting rocker arm away from the frame. The cutting motor is driven to the cutting drum, and the cutting motor drives the cutting drum to rotate, thereby cutting the coal seam.

[0014] The shells of the cutting drum, the cutting rocker arm, and the frame are all sandwich structures. The sandwich structure of the cutting drum shell is filled with drum damping particles of different sizes, the sandwich structure of the cutting rocker arm shell is filled with rocker arm damping particles of different sizes, and the sandwich structure of the frame shell is filled with frame damping particles of the same size.

[0015] The vibration-damping coal mining device provided by this invention adopts a novel passive vibration reduction technology based on particle damping. It involves targeted design modifications to the structure of each key component of the coal mining device, increasing system damping and improving its vibration resistance to suppress vibration. It focuses on solving the vibration generated during the operation of the coal mining device due to the drum cutting the coal seam and the series of problems caused by this vibration. It can effectively improve the overall modal damping ratio of the coal mining device, significantly increasing the attenuation of energy generated by vibration during operation along the structural transmission path of the coal mining device. This effectively suppresses fatigue damage to the structure and related components of the coal mining device, not only improving the vibration reduction and noise reduction level of the coal mining device and effectively reducing the vibration of the structure, but also extending the lifespan of structural components and the overall device. Furthermore, it can reduce the maintenance costs during daily operation of the coal mining device, which has significant practical implications in the field of vibration reduction and noise reduction technology in coal mine machinery engineering.

[0016] Through simulation analysis, it was determined that the cutting drum, cutting arm, and frame of the coal mining equipment are the main paths for vibration transmission during operation. Excessive and harmful vibration can cause varying degrees of damage to all components of the coal mining equipment. Simply increasing the weight of these structures is one way to suppress vibration, but it cannot effectively reduce the energy generated by vibration. Increasing the weight can easily cause resonance in the entire machine, which is even more harmful, and it will also increase the manufacturing cost of the equipment. Therefore, rationally utilizing the space formed inside the above-mentioned structures and filling it with damping particles can effectively reduce the vibration of the entire machine. Specifically:

[0017] Without compromising the overall structural strength, damping particle filling spaces are strategically placed within the shell sandwich of the cutting drum to reduce vibration at its source. Similarly, damping particle filling spaces are strategically placed within the shell sandwich of the cutting arm to reduce vibration during operation and improve the stability of the internal gear transmission system. Finally, damping particle filling spaces are strategically placed within the shell sandwich of the frame to reduce frame vibration during operation and improve the overall stability of the equipment.

[0018] It should be noted that the present invention does not impose specific requirements or limitations on the shape and material of the damping particles required for filling. They can be any shape of metal or non-metal particles. However, from the perspective of cost, production cycle and use effect, spherical iron particles are the most ideal choice.

[0019] It should be noted that if the target coal mining equipment that needs to be filled with damping particles is not large in overall size, and the enclosed space inside the interlayer to be filled is small, the particle damping can be made into an independent device and fixedly installed inside the interlayer and on the vibration transmission path structure through calculation and design without affecting the normal operation of the coal mining equipment.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the vibration-damping coal mining device further includes a height adjustment cylinder located below the frame. One end of the cutting rocker arm is hinged to one end of the frame, and one end of the height adjustment cylinder is drivenly connected to the cutting rocker arm. The height adjustment cylinder drives the cutting rocker arm to rotate around the hinge point, thereby adjusting the height of the cutting drum.

[0021] Preferably, a guide support mechanism is provided at the bottom of the frame, and a traction motor is provided on the frame. The vibration-damping coal mining device moves through the guide support mechanism under the drive of the traction motor.

[0022] In this invention, the cutting drum is mounted on the cutting rocker arm. During operation, the cutting motor drives the cutting drum to rotate and cut the coal seam via a transmission device. The height adjustment cylinder can adjust the height of the cutting rocker arm in real time to adapt to the operational requirements of different coal seams. The coal mining device moves within the roadway under the drive of a traction motor and a guide support mechanism.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cutting roller includes a hub, which comprises an inner hub and an outer hub nested together from the inside out.

[0024] The hub has a first end and a second end. In the first end of the hub, the first end of the inner hub is aligned with the first end of the outer hub, and a first annular baffle is provided between the first end of the inner hub and the first end of the outer hub. In the second end of the hub, the second end of the inner hub extends out of the second end of the outer hub, and a second annular baffle is provided between the second end of the outer hub and the outer wall of the inner hub.

[0025] The inner hub, the outer hub, the first annular baffle, and the second annular baffle form a closed annular cavity. The annular cavity is divided into several layers of roller filling cavities. Each layer of roller filling cavity is filled with roller damping particles of the same particle size, and adjacent layers of roller filling cavities are filled with roller damping particles of different particle sizes.

[0026] Preferably, the roller filling chamber is filled with large roller particles of the same size, and adjacent roller filling chambers are filled with small roller particles of the same size.

[0027] Preferably, a cone is fixed to the second end of the hub cylinder. The cone includes an end plate cone and a cone base plate. The end plate cone is a frustum-shaped shell structure with a small end face and a large end face. The small end face of the end plate cone is fixed to the second end of the outer hub cylinder circumferentially. The cone base plate is an annular structure with an outer circumferential surface and an inner circumferential surface. The outer circumferential surface of the cone base plate is fixed to the inner wall surface of the end plate body circumferentially, and the inner circumferential surface of the cone base plate is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the second end of the inner hub cylinder.

[0028] The cone cavity is formed by the conical end plate, the cone base plate, the second annular baffle, and the outer wall of the second end of the inner hub cylinder. The cone cavity is divided into several layers of cone filling cavities. Each layer of cone filling cavity is filled with the roller damping particles of the same particle size, and adjacent layers of cone filling cavities are filled with roller damping particles of different particle sizes.

[0029] In this invention, several partitions are provided inside the annular cavity and the conical cavity, which divide the interior of the annular cavity and the conical cavity into several layers of roller filling cavity and conical filling cavity. The partitions can be fixed to the annular cavity or the conical cavity by welding, bolting or riveting, etc.

[0030] Preferably, the cone-shaped filling cavity is filled with large roller particles of the same particle size, and adjacent cone-shaped filling cavities are filled with small roller particles of the same particle size.

[0031] Preferably, the particle size of the large particles in the roller is 3 to 4 mm, for example, it can be 3.0 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.3 mm, 3.4 mm, 3.5 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.9 mm or 4.0 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0032] Preferably, the particle size of the roller particles is 1 to 2.5 mm, for example, it can be 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.9 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm or 2.5 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0033] Preferably, the filling weight ratio of the large particles to the small particles in the roller is 1 / 8 to 1 / 6, for example, it can be 0.125, 0.13, 0.135, 0.14, 0.145, 0.15, 0.155, 0.16 or 0.165, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0034] Preferably, the filling rate of the roller damping particles is 96-99%, for example, it can be 96.0%, 96.5%, 97.0%, 97.5%, 98.0%, 98.5% or 99.0%, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0035] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the roller damping particles is 0.5 to 0.99, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 0.99, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0036] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the roller damping particles is 0.5 to 1, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 1, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0037] Preferably, the material of the roller damping particles is iron.

[0038] This invention redesigns and modifies the structure of the hub and cone of the cutting drum into a sandwich structure without affecting the overall structural strength of the drum. A suitable drum filling cavity is set inside the shell sandwich of the hub and cone, and filled with drum damping particles to reduce vibration at the source. The drum damping particles, which come in two sizes—large and small—are filled layer by layer, alternating between large and small particles. The weight ratio of large to small particles is between 1 / 8 and 1 / 6, with a filling rate of 96%–99%.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cutting rocker arm includes a box plate with a sandwich structure shell. The box plate includes an outer box plate and an inner box plate located inside the outer box plate. A box plate cavity is formed between the outer box plate and the inner box plate. The box plate cavity is divided into several layers of box plate filling cavities. Each layer of box plate filling cavity is filled with rocker arm damping particles of the same particle size, and adjacent layers of box plate filling cavities are filled with rocker arm damping particles of different particle sizes.

[0040] In this invention, a number of partitions are provided inside the housing interlayer of the cutting rocker arm. The partitions divide the housing interlayer of the cutting rocker arm into a number of box-plate filling cavities. The fixing method between the partitions and the box-plate cavities can be welding, bolting, or riveting.

[0041] Preferably, the filling cavity of the box plate is filled with large rocker arm particles of the same particle size, and the filling cavities of adjacent box plates are filled with small rocker arm particles of the same particle size.

[0042] Preferably, the particle size of the large particles in the rocker arm is 3 to 4 mm, for example, it can be 3.0 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.3 mm, 3.4 mm, 3.5 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.9 mm or 4.0 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0043] Preferably, the particle size of the rocker arm particles is 1 to 2.5 mm, for example, it can be 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.9 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm or 2.5 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0044] Preferably, the filling weight ratio of the large rocker arm particles to the small rocker arm particles is 1 / 7 to 1 / 5, for example, it can be 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19 or 0.2, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0045] Preferably, the filling rate of the rocker arm damping particles is 93-98%, for example, it can be 93%, 93.5%, 94%, 94.5%, 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5% or 98%, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0046] In this invention, the shell sandwich layers of the cutting drum and the cutting rocker arm are filled with two different sizes of damping particles, while the frame and vibration damping base are filled with only small-sized damping particles. This is because the vibration intensity of the cutting drum and the cutting rocker arm is greater than that of the frame and the base, and filling the large and small damping particles in a certain gradation can further increase the damping effect. Furthermore, the weight ratio and filling rate of the large and small particles in the cutting drum and the cutting rocker arm are also different. This is because the cutting drum is the vibration source, and the cutting rocker arm is the main path for vibration transmission. The vibration intensity of the cutting drum is greater than that of the cutting rocker arm. Therefore, the gradation of the large and small damping particles inside the two parts will also be different to maximize the damping effect of different structures.

[0047] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the rocker arm damping particles is 0.5 to 0.99, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 0.99, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0048] Preferably, the surface restitution coefficient of the rocker arm damping particles is 0.5 to 1, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 1, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0049] Preferably, the rocker arm damping particles are made of iron.

[0050] This invention redesigns and modifies the structure of the cutting rocker arm into a sandwich structure without affecting its overall structural strength. A suitable rocker arm filling cavity is set inside the shell sandwich of the cutting rocker arm and filled with rocker arm damping particles to reduce vibration during operation and improve the stability of the internal gear transmission system. The cutting rocker arm is filled with rocker arm damping particles, which come in two sizes: large and small. The particles are filled layer by layer, alternating between large and small particles, with a weight ratio of 1 / 7 to 1 / 5, resulting in a filling rate of 93% to 98%.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the frame includes a frame plate with a sandwich structure shell, the frame plate includes an outer frame plate and an inner frame plate located inside the outer frame plate, a frame plate cavity is formed between the outer frame plate and the inner frame plate, the frame plate cavity is divided into several layers of frame plate filling cavities, and the frame plate filling cavities are filled with frame damping particles of the same particle size.

[0052] In this invention, a number of partitions are provided inside the shell interlayer of the frame, which divide the shell interlayer of the frame into a number of frame plate filling cavities. The partitions can be fixed to the frame plate filling cavities by welding, bolting or riveting.

[0053] Preferably, the particle size of the frame damping particles is 1 to 2.5 mm, for example, it can be 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.9 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm or 2.5 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0054] Preferably, the filling rate of the frame damping particles is 91% to 98%, for example, it can be 91%, 91.5%, 92%, 92.5%, 93%, 93.5%, 94%, 94.5%, 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5% or 98%, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0055] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the frame damping particles is 0.5 to 0.99, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 0.99, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0056] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the frame damping particles is 0.5 to 1, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 1, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0057] Preferably, the frame damping particles are made of iron.

[0058] This invention redesigns and modifies the frame structure into a sandwich structure without affecting the overall structural strength. A suitable frame filling cavity is set inside the frame shell sandwich layer and filled with frame damping particles to reduce frame vibration during operation and improve the overall stability of the equipment. The frame interior is filled with frame damping particles, all of which are small-diameter damping particles, with a filling rate of 91-98%.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electrical control box is further provided on the frame, and a vibration damping base is provided on the contact surface between the electrical control box and the frame.

[0060] Preferably, the housing of the vibration damping base is a sandwich structure, and the sandwich of the housing of the vibration damping base is filled with base damping particles of the same particle size.

[0061] In this invention, a vibration damping base is provided at the fixed connection between the electrical control box and the frame of the coal mining device. The vibration damping base can further reduce the impact of vibration on the electrical control box and reduce the accident rate of the electrical control box.

[0062] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the vibration damping base includes an inner base plate near the electrical control box and an outer base plate near the frame. A closed base cavity is formed between the inner base plate and the outer base plate. The base cavity is divided into several layers of base filling cavities, and the base filling cavities are filled with base damping particles of the same particle size.

[0063] In this invention, several partitions are provided inside the shell interlayer of the vibration damping base. The partitions divide the shell interlayer of the vibration damping base into several layers of base filling cavities. The fixing method between the partitions and the base filling cavities can be welding, bolting, or riveting.

[0064] Preferably, the particle size of the base damping particles is 1 to 2.5 mm, for example, it can be 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.9 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm or 2.5 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0065] Preferably, the filling rate of the base damping particles is 95-98%, for example, it can be 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5% or 98%, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0066] Preferably, the surface friction factor of the base damping particles is 0.5 to 0.99, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 0.99, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0067] Preferably, the surface recovery coefficient of the base damping particles is 0.5 to 1, for example, it can be 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95 or 1, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0068] Preferably, the base damping particles are made of iron.

[0069] This invention incorporates a vibration-damping base at the fixed connection between the frame and the electrical control box. This base has a hollow, sandwich structure filled with damping particles. This vibration-damping base further reduces the impact of vibration on the electrical control box, lowering its accident rate. The damping particles filling the base are all small-diameter particles, with a filling rate of 95-98%.

[0070] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the shell with the sandwich structure is provided with a venting bolt, which is used to discharge the gas in the shell sandwich and prevent other objects from entering.

[0071] In this invention, the venting bolt is set on the shell filled with damping particles. Ventilation holes are reserved on the premise of not affecting the function of the corresponding structure. After the damping particles in the structure are filled, the venting bolt is installed to facilitate the air discharge in the shell interlayer, and at the same time, it can effectively prevent water and debris from entering the shell interlayer.

[0072] Preferably, a vent is provided on the shell wall of the housing, and the vent bolt is inserted into the vent and communicates with the interlayer cavity of the housing.

[0073] Preferably, the vent bolt has a through groove extending through it along the axial direction, and the through groove is filled with an outer hydrophobic material and an inner hydrophobic material sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0074] Preferably, the vent bolt includes a head and a screw portion, the screw portion is inserted into the vent, the head abuts against the outer side of the shell wall, and a fastening pad is provided on the contact surface between the head and the outer side of the shell wall.

[0075] Preferably, the groove corresponding to the head is filled with the external hydrophobic material, and the groove corresponding to the screw is filled with the internal hydrophobic material.

[0076] Secondly, the present invention provides a damping vibration reduction design method for the damping coal mining device based on damping particles as described in the first aspect, the damping vibration reduction design method comprising:

[0077] Vibration tests were conducted on a hard rock tunnel boring machine without metal particles. The theoretical particle filling rate was calculated based on the collected vibration frequency and amplitude data. Particles were then filled into the model of the hard rock tunnel boring machine according to the theoretical damping particle filling amount, and a damping experiment was conducted. If the ideal vibration reduction effect was achieved, metal particles were filled according to the current theoretical particle filling rate; otherwise, the damping particle filling rate was recalculated.

[0078] For example, the damping vibration reduction design method provided by the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0079] Step 1: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the vibration of various parts of the existing coal mining equipment at the underground coal mining site to understand the actual vibration of coal mining equipment with different coal seam structures and different structural models.

[0080] Step 2: Analyze and organize the data;

[0081] Step 3: Perform detailed calculations based on the vibration frequency and amplitude of the coal mining device to determine the material and filling amount of damping particles for different structural parts, and design particle damper styles for different parts.

[0082] Step 4: Redesign the structure of each key component of the coal mining equipment for different coal seam structures and different models of coal mining equipment;

[0083] Step 5: Conduct particle damping vibration tests and bench tests on different parts of the coal mining equipment.

[0084] Determine if the solution is feasible. If yes, proceed to step 6; otherwise, return to step 2.

[0085] Step 6: Based on the aforementioned work, redesign the structure of different parts of the coal mining device, and if necessary, make reasonable space divisions within the structure to prepare for the installation of partitions.

[0086] Step 7: Prepare the partition and cut the material. The partition is a thin plate, and the material can be the same as that of the structure. Its size meets the design requirements.

[0087] Step 8: Pack the two sizes of iron damping particles into small bags of equal weight and label them accordingly; specifically, pack the damping particles to be filled into small bags of equal weight according to their different sizes, with the weight being just enough for a person to carry.

[0088] Step 9: The damping particles are filled according to the design requirements of different structural parts;

[0089] The specific operation procedures for steps 8 and 9 include:

[0090] During the cutting process of various structural parts such as cutting drum, cutting rocker arm and frame, damping particle filling holes are reserved in advance at the corresponding positions of each structure. In principle, one particle filling hole corresponds to one independent spatial structure. During the assembly and welding of these structures, the partitions in each structural space are installed in place according to the design requirements. The welding of the partitions adopts the intermittent welding process.

[0091] During particle filling, each area of ​​the target structure is manually filled with particles according to the particle filling requirements. When the damping particles in each area of ​​the structure are close to the filling hole, the sub-structure can be tilted appropriately to complete the filling of all damping particles. Then the filling hole is sealed and welded, and finally the vent bolt is installed. When filling each space with particles, the particles are manually poured into the space one bag at a time. Small diameter particles are poured in one layer and then evenly distributed before large diameter particles are poured in. In this way, particles of different diameters are filled in layers.

[0092] Step 10: Fill the shell interlayer of the cutting drum with drum damping particles. The particle size of the large drum particles is 3-4 mm, and the particle size of the small drum particles is 1-2.5 mm. The weight ratio of the large drum particles to the small drum particles is 1 / 8 to 1 / 6, and the filling rate is 96-99%.

[0093] Step 11: Fill the shell interlayer of the cut rocker arm with rocker arm damping particles. The particle size of the large rocker arm particles is 3-4 mm, the particle size of the small rocker arm particles is 1-2.5 mm, the filling weight ratio of the large rocker arm particles to the small rocker arm particles is 1 / 7 to 1 / 5, and the filling rate is 93-98%.

[0094] Step 12: The frame housing interlayer is filled with frame damping particles. The particle size of the frame damping particles is 1-2.5 mm, and the filling rate is 91-98%.

[0095] Step 13: Fill the shell interlayer of the vibration damping base with base damping particles. The particle size of the base damping particles is 1-2.5mm and the filling rate is 95-98%.

[0096] Step 14: After the damping particles in all structural parts are filled, assemble the various substructures and parts into a complete coal mining device according to the design requirements of the coal mining device, and then debug it.

[0097] Step 15: Use a vibrator and vibration tester to conduct vibration tests on the coal mining equipment after it has been assembled to check the vibration reduction effect. After the coal mining equipment enters the mining area, conduct regular vibration tests on the coal mining equipment to determine the final vibration reduction effect, and gradually optimize the particle damping vibration reduction scheme to improve the damping design of the particle damping vibration reduction of the coal mining equipment.

[0098] The damping and vibration reduction design method for the novel vibration-reducing coal mining device based on particle damping described above is applicable to vibration reduction in all types of coal mining devices and key components of coal mining devices with vibration reduction requirements. In specific implementation, the relevant steps and the structure of key components can be adjusted according to actual design and manufacturing needs. Those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Any variations or modifications to the above embodiments within the essential spirit of the invention will fall within the scope of the claims.

[0099] Thirdly, the present invention provides an application of the damping particle-based vibration-reducing coal mining device described in the first aspect, wherein the vibration-reducing coal mining device is used for vibration reduction and noise reduction of the coal mining device.

[0100] The numerical range described in this invention includes not only the point values ​​listed above, but also any point values ​​within the numerical ranges not listed above. Due to space limitations and for the sake of brevity, this invention will not exhaustively list all the specific point values ​​included in the range.

[0101] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0102] The vibration-damping coal mining device provided by this invention adopts a novel passive vibration reduction technology based on particle damping. It involves targeted design modifications to the structure of each key component of the coal mining device, increasing system damping and improving its vibration resistance to suppress vibration. It focuses on solving the vibration generated during the operation of the coal mining device due to the drum cutting the coal seam and the series of problems caused by this vibration. It can effectively improve the overall modal damping ratio of the coal mining device, significantly increasing the attenuation of energy generated by vibration during operation along the structural transmission path of the coal mining device. This effectively suppresses fatigue damage to the structure and related components of the coal mining device, not only improving the vibration reduction and noise reduction level of the coal mining device and effectively reducing the vibration of the structure, but also extending the lifespan of structural components and the overall device. Furthermore, it can reduce the maintenance costs during daily operation of the coal mining device, which has significant practical implications in the field of vibration reduction and noise reduction technology in coal mine machinery engineering.

[0103] Through simulation analysis, it was determined that the cutting drum, cutting arm, and frame of the coal mining equipment are the main paths for vibration transmission during operation. Excessive and harmful vibration can cause varying degrees of damage to all components of the coal mining equipment. Simply increasing the weight of these structures is one way to suppress vibration, but it cannot effectively reduce the energy generated by vibration. Increasing the weight can easily cause resonance in the entire machine, which is even more harmful, and it will also increase the manufacturing cost of the equipment. Therefore, rationally utilizing the space formed inside the above-mentioned structures and filling it with damping particles can effectively reduce the vibration of the entire machine. Specifically:

[0104] Without compromising the overall structural strength, damping particle filling spaces are strategically placed within the shell sandwich of the cutting drum to reduce vibration at its source. Similarly, damping particle filling spaces are strategically placed within the shell sandwich of the cutting arm to reduce vibration during operation and improve the stability of the internal gear transmission system. Finally, damping particle filling spaces are strategically placed within the shell sandwich of the frame to reduce frame vibration during operation and improve the overall stability of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0105] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vibration-damping coal mining device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0106] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cutting drum provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0107] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cutting rocker arm provided for a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0108] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the frame structure provided for a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0109] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vibration damping base provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0110] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vent bolt provided for a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0111] Among them, 1-cutting drum; 2-cutting rocker arm; 3-cutting motor; 4-height adjustment cylinder; 5-traction motor; 6-frame; 7-electric control box; 8-guide support mechanism; 9-outer hub; 10-inner hub; 11-end plate cone; 12-cone base plate; 13-second annular baffle; 14-drum damping particles; 15-outer housing plate; 16-inner housing plate; 17-rocker arm damping particles; 18-outer frame plate; 19-inner frame plate; 20-frame damping particles; 21-base outer plate; 22-base inner plate; 23-base damping particles; 24-shell; 25-internal damping particles; 26-fastening pad; 27-vent bolt; 28-inner hydrophobic material; 29-outer hydrophobic material. Detailed Implementation

[0112] It should be understood that in the description of this invention, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0113] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0114] The technical solution of the present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments.

[0115] In one specific embodiment, the present invention provides a vibration-damping coal mining device based on damping particles, the vibration-damping coal mining device including a frame 6, such as... Figure 1 As shown, cutting rocker arms 2 are movably mounted at both ends of the frame 6. A cutting motor 3 is mounted on the cutting rocker arm 2. A cutting drum 1 is mounted at the end of the cutting rocker arm 2 away from the frame 6. The cutting motor 3 is connected to the cutting drum 1 and drives the cutting drum 1 to rotate, thereby cutting the coal seam.

[0116] The shell 24 of the cutting drum 1, the shell 24 of the cutting rocker arm 2, and the shell 24 of the frame 6 are all sandwich structures. The shell 24 of the cutting drum 1 is filled with drum damping particles 14 of different particle sizes. The shell 24 of the cutting rocker arm 2 is filled with rocker arm damping particles 17 of different particle sizes. The shell 24 of the frame 6 is filled with frame damping particles 20 of the same particle size.

[0117] The vibration-damping coal mining device provided by this invention adopts a novel passive vibration reduction technology based on particle damping. It involves targeted design modifications to the structure of each key component of the coal mining device, increasing system damping and improving its vibration resistance to suppress vibration. It focuses on solving the vibration generated during the operation of the coal mining device due to the drum cutting the coal seam and the series of problems caused by this vibration. It can effectively improve the overall modal damping ratio of the coal mining device, significantly increasing the attenuation of energy generated by vibration during operation along the structural transmission path of the coal mining device. This effectively suppresses fatigue damage to the structure and related components of the coal mining device, not only improving the vibration reduction and noise reduction level of the coal mining device and effectively reducing the vibration of the structure, but also extending the lifespan of structural components and the overall device. Furthermore, it can reduce the maintenance costs during daily operation of the coal mining device, which has significant practical implications in the field of vibration reduction and noise reduction technology in coal mine machinery engineering.

[0118] Through simulation analysis, it was determined that the cutting drum 1, cutting rocker arm 2, and frame 6 of the coal mining device are the main vibration transmission paths during operation. Excessive and harmful vibration will cause varying degrees of damage to all components of the coal mining device. Simply increasing the weight of these structures is one way to suppress vibration, but it cannot effectively reduce the energy generated by vibration. Increasing the weight can easily cause resonance of the entire machine, which is even more harmful, and it will also increase the manufacturing cost of the equipment. Therefore, making reasonable use of the space formed inside the above-mentioned structures and filling it with damping particles can effectively reduce the vibration of the entire machine. Specifically:

[0119] Without compromising the overall structural strength, damping particle filling spaces are appropriately set within the shell 24 of the cutting drum 1 to reduce vibration at its source. Similarly, damping particle filling spaces are also appropriately set within the shell 24 of the cutting rocker arm 2 to reduce vibration during operation and improve the stability of the internal gear transmission system. Finally, damping particle filling spaces are also appropriately set within the shell 24 of the frame 6 to reduce vibration during operation and improve the overall stability of the equipment.

[0120] It should be noted that the present invention does not impose specific requirements or limitations on the shape and material of the damping particles required for filling. They can be any shape of metal or non-metal particles. However, from the perspective of cost, production cycle and use effect, spherical iron particles are the most ideal choice.

[0121] It should be noted that if the target coal mining equipment that needs to be filled with damping particles is not large in overall size, and the enclosed space inside the interlayer to be filled is small, the particle damping can be made into an independent device and fixedly installed inside the interlayer and on the vibration transmission path structure through calculation and design without affecting the normal operation of the coal mining equipment.

[0122] Furthermore, the vibration-damping coal mining device also includes a height adjustment cylinder 4 located below the frame 6. One end of the cutting rocker arm 2 is hinged to one end of the frame 6, and one end of the height adjustment cylinder 4 is connected to the cutting rocker arm 2 in a transmission manner. The height adjustment cylinder 4 drives the cutting rocker arm 2 to rotate around the hinge point, thereby adjusting the height of the cutting drum 1.

[0123] Furthermore, a guide support mechanism 8 is provided at the bottom of the frame 6, and a traction motor 5 is provided on the frame 6. The vibration-damping coal mining device moves through the guide support mechanism 8 under the drive of the traction motor 5.

[0124] In this invention, the cutting drum 1 is mounted on the cutting rocker arm 2. During operation, the cutting motor 3 drives the cutting drum 1 to rotate and cut the coal seam via a transmission device. The height adjustment cylinder 4 can adjust the height of the cutting rocker arm 2 in real time to adapt to the operating requirements of different coal seams. The coal mining device moves within the roadway under the drive of the traction motor 5 via the guide support mechanism 8.

[0125] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cutting roller 1 includes a hub, which includes an inner hub 10 and an outer hub 9 nested together from the inside to the outside.

[0126] The hub has a first end and a second end. In the first end of the hub, the first end of the inner hub 10 is aligned with the first end of the outer hub 9, and a first annular baffle is provided between the first end of the inner hub 10 and the first end of the outer hub 9. In the second end of the hub, the second end of the inner hub 10 extends out of the second end of the outer hub 9, and a second annular baffle 13 is provided between the second end of the outer hub 9 and the outer wall of the inner hub 10.

[0127] The inner hub cylinder 10, the outer hub cylinder 9, the first annular baffle and the second annular baffle 13 enclose a closed annular cavity, which is divided into several layers of roller filling cavities. Each layer of roller filling cavity is filled with roller damping particles 14 of the same particle size, and adjacent layers of roller filling cavities are filled with roller damping particles 14 of different particle sizes.

[0128] Furthermore, the roller filling chamber is filled with large roller particles of the same size, and adjacent roller filling chambers are filled with small roller particles of the same size.

[0129] Furthermore, a cone is fixed to the second end of the hub cylinder. The cone includes an end plate cone 11 and a cone base plate 12. The end plate cone 11 is a frustum-shaped shell 24 structure with a small end face and a large end face. The small end face of the end plate cone 11 is fixed to the second end of the outer hub cylinder 9 in the circumferential direction. The cone base plate 12 is an annular structure with an outer circumferential surface and an inner circumferential surface. The outer circumferential surface of the cone base plate 12 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the end plate body in the circumferential direction. The inner circumferential annular surface of the cone base plate 12 is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the second end of the inner hub cylinder 10.

[0130] The conical cavity is formed by the conical cone 11, the conical base plate 12, the second annular baffle 13 and the outer wall of the second end of the inner hub cylinder 10. The conical cavity is divided into several layers of conical filling cavities. Each layer of conical filling cavity is filled with the roller damping particles 14 of the same particle size, and adjacent layers of conical filling cavities are filled with roller damping particles 14 of different particle sizes.

[0131] In this invention, several partitions are provided inside the annular cavity and the conical cavity, which divide the interior of the annular cavity and the conical cavity into several layers of roller filling cavity and conical filling cavity. The partitions can be fixed to the annular cavity or the conical cavity by welding, bolting or riveting, etc.

[0132] Furthermore, the cone-shaped filling cavity is filled with large roller particles of the same particle size, and adjacent cone-shaped filling cavities are filled with small roller particles of the same particle size.

[0133] Furthermore, the diameter of the large particles in the roller is 3-4 mm.

[0134] Furthermore, the particle size of the roller particles is 1 to 2.5 mm.

[0135] Furthermore, the filling weight ratio of the large particles in the roller to the small particles in the roller is 1 / 8 to 1 / 6.

[0136] Furthermore, the filling rate of the roller damping particles 14 is 96-99%.

[0137] Furthermore, the surface friction factor of the roller damping particles 14 is 0.5 to 0.99.

[0138] Furthermore, the surface recovery coefficient of the roller damping particles 14 is 0.5 to 1.

[0139] Furthermore, the material of the roller damping particle 14 is iron.

[0140] This invention, without affecting the overall structural strength of the cutting drum 1, redesigns and modifies the structure of the hub and cone of the cutting drum 1 into a sandwich structure. A reasonable drum filling cavity is set inside the sandwich of the hub and cone shell 24, and filled with drum damping particles 14 to reduce vibration at the source. The drum damping particles 14 are divided into two sizes: large drum particles and small drum particles. They are filled layer by layer, alternating between large and small drum particles, with a weight ratio of large to small drum particles between 1 / 8 and 1 / 6, and a filling rate of 96% to 99%.

[0141] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the cutting rocker arm 2 includes a box plate with a sandwich structure shell 24. The box plate includes an outer box plate 15 and an inner box plate 16 located inside the outer box plate 15. A box plate cavity is formed between the outer box plate 15 and the inner box plate 16. The box plate cavity is divided into several layers of box plate filling cavities. Each layer of box plate filling cavity is filled with rocker arm damping particles 17 of the same particle size. Adjacent two layers of box plate filling cavities are filled with rocker arm damping particles 17 of different particle sizes.

[0142] Furthermore, several partitions are provided inside the housing 24 of the cutting rocker arm 2. The partitions divide the inside of the housing 24 of the cutting rocker arm 2 into several layers of box-plate filling cavities. The fixing method between the partitions and the box-plate cavities can be welding, bolting, or riveting.

[0143] Furthermore, the filling cavity of the box plate is filled with large rocker arm particles of the same particle size, and the filling cavities of adjacent box plates are filled with small rocker arm particles of the same particle size.

[0144] Furthermore, the particle size of the large particles in the rocker arm is 3-4 mm.

[0145] Furthermore, the particle size of the rocker arm particles is 1–2.5 mm.

[0146] Furthermore, the filling weight ratio of the large rocker arm particles to the small rocker arm particles is 1 / 7 to 1 / 5.

[0147] Furthermore, the filling rate of the rocker arm damping particles 17 is 93-98%.

[0148] In this invention, the shell sandwich of the cutting drum 1 and the shell sandwich of the cutting rocker arm 2 are filled with two types of damping particles of different sizes, while the frame and vibration damping base are filled with only small-sized damping particles. This is because the vibration intensity of the cutting drum 1 and the cutting rocker arm 2 is greater than that of the frame and base, and filling with large and small damping particles in a certain gradation can further increase the damping effect. Furthermore, the weight ratio and filling rate of the large and small particles in the cutting drum 1 and the cutting rocker arm 2 are also different. This is because the cutting drum 1 is the vibration source, and the cutting rocker arm 2 is the main path for vibration transmission. The vibration intensity of the cutting drum 1 is greater than that of the cutting rocker arm 2. Therefore, the gradation of large and small damping particles inside the two parts will also be different to maximize the damping effect of different structures.

[0149] Furthermore, the surface friction factor of the rocker arm damping particle 17 is 0.5 to 0.99.

[0150] Furthermore, the surface restitution coefficient of the rocker arm damping particle 17 is 0.5 to 1.

[0151] Furthermore, the rocker arm damping particle 17 is made of iron.

[0152] This invention redesigns and modifies the structure of the cutting rocker arm 2 into a sandwich structure without affecting the overall structural strength. A suitable rocker arm filling cavity is set inside the shell 24 sandwich of the cutting rocker arm 2, and filled with rocker arm damping particles 17 to reduce vibration during operation and improve the stability of the internal gear transmission system. The cutting rocker arm 2 is filled with rocker arm damping particles 17, which come in two sizes: large and small. The particles are filled layer by layer, alternating between large and small particles, with a weight ratio of 1 / 7 to 1 / 5, resulting in a filling rate of 93% to 98%.

[0153] Furthermore, such as Figure 4As shown, the frame 6 includes a frame plate with a sandwich structure shell 24. The frame plate includes an outer frame plate 18 and an inner frame plate 19 located inside the outer frame plate 18. A frame plate cavity is formed between the outer frame plate 18 and the inner frame plate 19. The frame plate cavity is divided into several layers of frame plate filling cavities. The frame plate filling cavities are filled with frame damping particles 20 of the same particle size.

[0154] In this invention, the shell 24 of the frame 6 is provided with several partitions inside the interlayer, which divide the interior of the shell 24 of the frame 6 into several layers of frame plate filling cavities. The partitions and the frame plate filling cavities can be fixed by welding, bolting or riveting, etc.

[0155] Furthermore, the particle size of the frame damping particles 20 is 1 to 2.5 mm.

[0156] Furthermore, the filling rate of the frame damping particles 20 is 91-98%.

[0157] Furthermore, the surface friction factor of the frame damping particles 20 is 0.5 to 0.99.

[0158] Furthermore, the surface restitution coefficient of the frame damping particles 20 is 0.5 to 1.

[0159] Furthermore, the frame damping particles 20 are made of iron.

[0160] This invention redesigns and modifies the structure of the frame 6 into a sandwich structure without affecting the overall structural strength of the frame 6. A suitable filling cavity is set inside the sandwich layer of the frame 6 shell 24, and filled with frame damping particles 20 to reduce vibration of the frame 6 during operation and improve the overall stability of the equipment. The frame 6 is filled with frame damping particles 20, all of which are small-diameter damping particles, with a filling rate of 91-98%.

[0161] Furthermore, an electrical control box 7 is also provided on the frame 6, and a vibration damping base is provided on the contact surface between the electrical control box 7 and the frame 6.

[0162] Furthermore, the housing 24 of the vibration damping base has a sandwich structure, and the sandwich of the housing 24 of the vibration damping base is filled with base damping particles 23 of the same particle size.

[0163] In this invention, a vibration damping base is provided at the fixed connection between the electrical control box 7 and the frame 6 of the coal mining device. The vibration damping base can further reduce the impact of vibration on the electrical control box 7 and reduce the accident rate of the electrical control box 7.

[0164] Furthermore, such as Figure 5As shown, the vibration damping base includes an inner base plate 22 near the electrical control box 7 and an outer base plate 21 near the frame 6. A closed base cavity is formed between the inner base plate 22 and the outer base plate 21. The base cavity is divided into several layers of base filling cavities, and the base filling cavities are filled with base damping particles 23 of the same particle size.

[0165] In this invention, the housing 24 of the vibration damping base is provided with several partitions inside the interlayer, which divide the housing 24 of the vibration damping base into several layers of base filling cavities. The partitions can be fixed to the base filling cavities by welding, bolting or riveting.

[0166] Furthermore, the diameter of the base damping particles 23 is 1 to 2.5 mm.

[0167] Furthermore, the filling rate of the base damping particles 23 is 95-98%.

[0168] Furthermore, the surface friction factor of the base damping particles 23 is 0.5 to 0.99.

[0169] Furthermore, the surface restitution coefficient of the base damping particles 23 is 0.5 to 1.

[0170] Furthermore, the base damping particles 23 are made of iron.

[0171] This invention provides a vibration damping base at the fixed connection between the frame 6 and the electrical control box 7. This vibration damping base has a hollow sandwich structure, filled with base damping particles 23. This base further reduces the impact of vibration on the electrical control box 7, lowering the accident rate of the electrical control box 7. The base damping particles 23 filling the vibration damping base are all small-diameter damping particles, with a filling rate of 95-98%.

[0172] Furthermore, each of the shells 24 with a sandwich structure is provided with a vent bolt 27, which is used to discharge the gas in the sandwich of the shell 24 and prevent other objects from entering.

[0173] In this invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the vent bolt 27 is installed on the shell 24 filled with damping particles. Ventilation holes are reserved on the premise of not affecting the function of the corresponding structure. After the internal damping particles 25 in the shell 24 are filled, the vent bolt 27 is installed to facilitate the air discharge in the shell 24 and to effectively prevent water and debris from entering the shell 24.

[0174] Furthermore, a vent is provided on the shell wall of the housing 24, and the vent bolt 27 is inserted into the vent and communicates with the interlayer cavity of the housing 24.

[0175] Furthermore, the vent bolt 27 has a through groove extending through it along the axial direction, and the through groove is filled with an outer hydrophobic material 29 and an inner hydrophobic material 28 from the outside to the inside.

[0176] Furthermore, the vent bolt 27 includes a head and a screw portion, the screw portion is inserted into the vent, the head abuts against the outer side of the shell wall, and a fastening pad 26 is provided on the contact surface between the head and the outer side of the shell wall.

[0177] Furthermore, the groove corresponding to the head is filled with the external hydrophobic material 29, and the groove corresponding to the screw is filled with the internal hydrophobic material 28.

[0178] In another specific embodiment, the present invention provides a damping vibration reduction design method for the above-mentioned damping particle-based vibration reduction coal mining device, the damping vibration reduction design method comprising:

[0179] Vibration tests were conducted on a hard rock tunnel boring machine without metal particles. The theoretical particle filling rate was calculated based on the collected vibration frequency and amplitude data. Particles were then filled into the model of the hard rock tunnel boring machine according to the theoretical damping particle filling amount, and a damping experiment was conducted. If the ideal vibration reduction effect was achieved, metal particles were filled according to the current theoretical particle filling rate; otherwise, the damping particle filling rate was recalculated.

[0180] For example, the damping vibration reduction design method provided by the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0181] Step 1: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the vibration of various parts of the existing coal mining equipment at the underground coal mining site to understand the actual vibration of coal mining equipment with different coal seam structures and different structural models.

[0182] Step 2: Analyze and organize the data;

[0183] Step 3: Perform detailed calculations based on the vibration frequency and amplitude of the coal mining device to determine the material and filling amount of damping particles for different structural parts, and design particle damper styles for different parts.

[0184] Step 4: Redesign the structure of each key component of the coal mining equipment for different coal seam structures and different models of coal mining equipment;

[0185] Step 5: Conduct particle damping vibration tests and bench tests on different parts of the coal mining equipment.

[0186] Determine if the solution is feasible. If yes, proceed to step 6; otherwise, return to step 2.

[0187] Step 6: Based on the aforementioned work, redesign the structure of different parts of the coal mining device, and if necessary, make reasonable space divisions within the structure to prepare for the installation of partitions.

[0188] Step 7: Prepare the partition and cut the material. The partition is a thin plate, and the material can be the same as that of the structure. Its size meets the design requirements.

[0189] Step 8: Pack the two sizes of iron damping particles into small bags of equal weight and label them accordingly; specifically, pack the damping particles to be filled into small bags of equal weight according to their different sizes, with the weight being just enough for a person to carry.

[0190] Step 9: The damping particles are filled according to the design requirements of different structural parts;

[0191] The specific operation procedures for steps 8 and 9 include:

[0192] During the cutting process of various structural parts such as cutting drum 1, cutting rocker arm 2 and frame 6, damping particle filling holes are reserved in advance at the corresponding positions of each structure. In principle, one particle filling hole corresponds to one independent spatial structure. During the assembly and welding of these structures, the partitions in each structural space are installed in place according to the design requirements. The welding of the partitions adopts the intermittent welding process.

[0193] During particle filling, each area of ​​the target structure is manually filled with particles according to the particle filling requirements. When the damping particles in each area of ​​the structure are close to the filling hole, the sub-structure can be tilted appropriately to complete the filling of all damping particles. Then the filling hole is sealed and welded, and finally the vent bolt 27 is installed. When filling each space with particles, the particles are manually poured into the space one bag at a time. Small diameter particles are poured in one layer and then evenly distributed before large diameter particles are poured in. In this way, particles of different diameters are filled in layers.

[0194] Step 10: The shell 24 of the cutting drum 1 is filled with drum damping particles 14. The particle size of the large drum particles is 3-4 mm, the particle size of the small drum particles is 1-2.5 mm, the weight ratio of the large drum particles to the small drum particles is 1 / 8 to 1 / 6, and the filling rate is 96-99%.

[0195] Step 11: Fill the sandwich layer of the shell 24 of the cut rocker arm 2 with rocker arm damping particles 17. The particle size of the large rocker arm particles is 3-4 mm, the particle size of the small rocker arm particles is 1-2.5 mm, the filling weight ratio of the large rocker arm particles to the small rocker arm particles is 1 / 7 to 1 / 5, and the filling rate is 93-98%.

[0196] Step 12: The shell 24 of the frame 6 is filled with frame damping particles 20. The particle size of the frame damping particles 20 is 1-2.5 mm and the filling rate is 91-98%.

[0197] Step 13: The housing 24 of the vibration damping base is filled with base damping particles 23. The particle size of the base damping particles 23 is 1-2.5 mm and the filling rate is 95-98%.

[0198] Step 14: After the damping particles in all structural parts are filled, assemble the various substructures and parts into a complete coal mining device according to the design requirements of the coal mining device, and then debug it.

[0199] Step 15: Use a vibrator and vibration tester to conduct vibration tests on the coal mining equipment after it has been assembled to check the vibration reduction effect. After the coal mining equipment enters the mining area, conduct regular vibration tests on the coal mining equipment to determine the final vibration reduction effect, and gradually optimize the particle damping vibration reduction scheme to improve the damping design of the particle damping vibration reduction of the coal mining equipment.

[0200] The damping and vibration reduction design method for the novel vibration-reducing coal mining device based on particle damping described above is applicable to vibration reduction in all types of coal mining devices and key components of coal mining devices with vibration reduction requirements. In specific implementation, the relevant steps and the structure of key components can be adjusted according to actual design and manufacturing needs. Those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Any variations or modifications to the above embodiments within the essential spirit of the invention will fall within the scope of the claims.

[0201] In another specific embodiment, the present invention provides an application of the above-mentioned vibration-damping coal mining device based on damping particles, wherein the vibration-damping coal mining device is used for vibration reduction and noise reduction of coal mining equipment.

[0202] The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration-damping coal mining device based on damping particles, characterized in that, The vibration-damping coal mining device includes a frame, with cutting rocker arms movably mounted at both ends of the frame. A cutting motor is mounted on each cutting rocker arm, and a cutting drum is mounted at the end of the cutting rocker arm away from the frame. The cutting motor is connected to the cutting drum, and the cutting motor drives the cutting drum to rotate, thereby cutting the coal seam. The shells of the cutting drum, the cutting rocker arm, and the frame are all sandwich structures. The shell sandwich of the cutting drum is filled with drum damping particles of different sizes, the shell sandwich of the cutting rocker arm is filled with rocker arm damping particles of different sizes, and the shell sandwich of the frame is filled with frame damping particles of the same size. The cutting rocker arm includes a box plate with a sandwich structure shell. The box plate includes an outer box plate and an inner box plate located inside the outer box plate. A box plate cavity is formed between the outer box plate and the inner box plate. The box plate cavity is divided into several layers of box plate filling cavities. The filling cavity of the same layer of box plate is filled with rocker arm damping particles of the same particle size, and the filling cavities of two adjacent layers of box plate are filled with rocker arm damping particles of different particle sizes.

2. The vibration-damping coal mining device based on damping particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration-damping coal mining device also includes a height adjustment cylinder located below the frame. One end of the cutting rocker arm is hinged to one end of the frame, and one end of the height adjustment cylinder is drivenly connected to the cutting rocker arm. The height adjustment cylinder drives the cutting rocker arm to rotate around the hinge point, thereby adjusting the height of the cutting drum. The bottom of the frame is equipped with a guide support mechanism, and a traction motor is installed on the frame. The vibration-damping coal mining device moves through the guide support mechanism under the drive of the traction motor.

3. The vibration-damping coal mining device based on damping particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting roller includes a hub, which comprises an inner hub and an outer hub nested together from the inside out. The hub has a first end and a second end. In the first end of the hub, the first end of the inner hub is aligned with the first end of the outer hub, and a first annular baffle is provided between the first end of the inner hub and the first end of the outer hub. In the second end of the hub, the second end of the inner hub extends out of the second end of the outer hub, and a second annular baffle is provided between the second end of the outer hub and the outer wall of the inner hub. The inner hub, the outer hub, the first annular baffle, and the second annular baffle form a closed annular cavity. The annular cavity is divided into several layers of roller filling cavities. The same layer of roller filling cavity is filled with roller damping particles of the same particle size, and adjacent two layers of roller filling cavity are filled with roller damping particles of different particle sizes. A cone is fixed to the second end of the hub. The cone includes an end plate cone and a cone base plate. The end plate cone is a frustum-shaped shell structure with a small end face and a large end face. The small end face of the end plate cone is fixed to the second end of the outer hub along the circumferential direction. The cone base plate is an annular structure with an outer circumferential surface and an inner circumferential surface. The outer circumferential surface of the cone base plate is fixed to the inner wall surface of the end plate body along the circumferential direction. The inner circumferential annular surface of the cone base plate is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the second end of the inner hub. The cone cavity is formed by the conical end plate, the cone base plate, the second annular baffle and the outer wall of the second end of the inner hub cylinder. The cone cavity is divided into several layers of cone filling cavities. The same layer of cone filling cavity is filled with the roller damping particles of the same particle size, and adjacent two layers of cone filling cavities are filled with roller damping particles of different particle sizes. The filling rate of the roller damping particles is 96-99%; The surface friction factor of the roller damping particles is 0.5~0.99; The surface recovery coefficient of the roller damping particles is 0.5~1; The material of the roller damping particles is iron.

4. The vibration-damping coal mining device based on damping particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame includes a frame plate with a sandwich structure shell. The frame plate includes an outer frame plate and an inner frame plate located inside the outer frame plate. A frame plate cavity is formed between the outer frame plate and the inner frame plate. The frame plate cavity is divided into several layers of frame plate filling cavities. The frame plate filling cavities are filled with frame damping particles of the same particle size. The particle size of the frame damping particles is 1~2.5mm; The filling rate of the frame damping particles is 91-98%; The surface friction factor of the frame damping particles is 0.5~0.99; The surface restitution coefficient of the frame damping particles is 0.5~1; The frame damping particles are made of iron.

5. The vibration-damping coal mining device based on damping particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electrical control box is also provided on the frame, and a vibration damping base is provided on the contact surface between the electrical control box and the frame; The housing of the vibration damping base has a sandwich structure, and the sandwich of the housing of the vibration damping base is filled with base damping particles of the same particle size.

6. The vibration-damping coal mining device based on damping particles according to claim 5, characterized in that, The vibration damping base includes an inner base plate near the electrical control box and an outer base plate near the frame. A closed base cavity is formed between the inner base plate and the outer base plate. The base cavity is divided into several layers of base filling cavities, and the base filling cavities are filled with base damping particles of the same particle size. The particle size of the base damping particles is 1~2.5mm; The filling rate of the base damping particles is 95-98%; The surface friction factor of the base damping particles is 0.5~0.99; The surface restitution coefficient of the base damping particles is 0.5~1; The base damping particles are made of iron.

7. The vibration-damping coal mining device based on damping particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each shell with a sandwich structure is equipped with a vent bolt, which is used to release gas from the shell sandwich and prevent other objects from entering. A vent is provided on the shell wall of the housing, and the vent bolt is inserted into the vent and communicates with the interlayer cavity of the housing. The vent bolt has a through groove along its axial direction, and the through groove is filled with an outer hydrophobic material and an inner hydrophobic material from the outside to the inside. The vent bolt includes a head and a screw portion. The screw portion is inserted into the vent, and the head abuts against the outer side of the shell wall. A fastening pad is provided on the contact surface between the head and the outer side of the shell wall. The groove corresponding to the head is filled with the external hydrophobic material, and the groove corresponding to the screw is filled with the internal hydrophobic material.

8. A damping vibration reduction design method for a vibration-reducing coal mining device based on damping particles as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The damping and vibration reduction design method includes: Vibration tests were conducted on a hard rock tunnel boring machine without metal particles. The theoretical particle filling rate was calculated based on the collected vibration frequency and amplitude data. Particles were then filled into the model of the hard rock tunnel boring machine according to the theoretical damping particle filling amount, and a damping experiment was conducted. If the ideal vibration reduction effect was achieved, metal particles were filled according to the current theoretical particle filling rate; otherwise, the damping particle filling rate was recalculated.

9. The use of a vibration-damping coal mining device based on damping particles as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The vibration reduction coal mining device is used to reduce vibration and noise in coal mining equipment.

Images