An electronic device

Abstract

The present application provides an electronic device including a miniaturized antenna structure. The antenna structure may include an antenna unit and a metal grid. The metal grid is disposed above the antenna unit. The antenna unit includes a first radiator and a second radiator. The first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator are opposite and non-contacting to form a gap. The first radiator and the second radiator are symmetrical about the midpoint of the gap, and the metal grid is symmetrical about the midpoint of the gap. By effectively expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure through the metal grid, the antenna structure in the electronic device can achieve a wider operating bandwidth while maintaining miniaturization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] Wireless fidelity (WiFi) is a wireless networking technology, often referred to as wireless Internet access. It's based on the IEEE 802.11 standard. The most common applications of WiFi technology are wireless routers and customer premises equipment (CPE).

[0003] As user demands continue to increase, WiFi6 has gradually failed to meet user needs. As an enhanced version of Wi-Fi6, Wi-Fi6E has expanded its operating frequency band to the 6GHz band. WiFi6E has added a new 6GHz band from 5.925 to 7.125GHz. Together with the 2.4GHz band (2.4-2.5GHz) and 5GHz band (5.170-5.835GHz) of traditional Wi-Fi technology, the antenna structure in electronic devices needs to be able to support these bands at the same time. However, as electronic devices move towards a thin and lightweight design, the space left for antenna structures in electronic devices is decreasing, and there is an urgent need for antenna structures that meet the performance requirements of compact structure, low cost, and omnidirectional radiation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides an electronic device, including a miniaturized antenna structure. The antenna structure may include an antenna unit and a metal grid. The metal grid effectively expands the working bandwidth of the antenna unit, so that the antenna structure in the electronic device can obtain a wider working bandwidth while ensuring miniaturization.

[0005] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a first antenna structure, the first antenna structure comprising: an antenna unit and a metal grid; wherein the metal grid is arranged above the antenna unit; the antenna unit comprises a first radiator and a second radiator, the first end of the first radiator is opposite to the first end of the second radiator and does not contact each other, and forms a gap; the first radiator and the second radiator are symmetrical along the midpoint of the gap; the metal grid is symmetrical along the midpoint of the gap.

[0006] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a metal grid is arranged above the antenna unit to make the current distribution more uniform, thereby optimizing the omnidirectional radiation characteristics of the antenna structure, and the metal grid can also generate resonance to expand the bandwidth of the antenna structure so that the operating frequency band of the antenna structure can include multiple communication frequency bands.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna unit further includes: a third radiator and a fourth radiator; wherein, the third radiator is connected to the first radiator at the second end of the first radiator, and the lengths of the third radiators on both sides of the second end of the first radiator are the same; the fourth radiator is connected to the second radiator at the second end of the second radiator, and the lengths of the fourth radiators on both sides of the second end of the second radiator are the same; the third radiator and the fourth radiator are symmetrical along the midpoint of the gap.

[0008] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the electrical length of the third and fourth radiators can be less than one-quarter of the first wavelength, where the first wavelength corresponds to the operating frequency band of the antenna structure, where the first wavelength can be considered to correspond to the center frequency of the operating frequency band, or can also be considered to correspond to the wavelength of a resonant point generated within the operating frequency band. The third and fourth radiators can serve as capacitive loading branches for the first and second radiators, thereby increasing the electrical lengths of the first and second radiators.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the antenna unit further includes: a first dielectric substrate; wherein the first radiator and the second radiator are located on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate; and the metal grid is located on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate.

[0010] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, after adding the dielectric substrate, the physical size of the first antenna structure can be further reduced.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first dielectric substrate is symmetrical along the midpoint of the gap.

[0012] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the dielectric substrate is symmetrical along the midpoint of the gap, which can further improve the symmetry of the antenna structure and thus improve its omnidirectional radiation characteristics.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the metal grid is composed of a plurality of grid sub-units.

[0014] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the metal grid is composed of a plurality of grid sub-units, wherein the plurality of grid sub-units can be arranged periodically, for example, in a 6×6 array, or adjacent rows or columns include 4 and 5 sub-units in sequence, which are arranged in an alternating manner. The present application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the grid subunit is rectangular, diamond-shaped, circular or hexagonal.

[0016] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the grid sub-unit can be rectangular, diamond-shaped, circular or hexagonal. The present application does not impose any restrictions on this and can be adjusted according to the actual design.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, an operating frequency band of the first antenna structure includes 5.925-7.125 GHz or 5.170-5.835 GHz.

[0018] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the operating frequency band of the first antenna structure may include the 6 GHz frequency band or the 5 GHz frequency band in WiFi.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first antenna structure further includes a first parasitic branch and a second parasitic branch; wherein the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are respectively located on both sides of the first radiator and the second radiator; the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are symmetrical along the midpoint of the gap.

[0020] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch can be arranged on the same surface of the dielectric substrate as the first radiator and the second radiator, so as to expand the working bandwidth of the first antenna structure, so that the first antenna structure is a dual-band antenna, and the working frequency band can include at least two frequency bands.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are in an I-shape.

[0022] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch adopt an I-shaped structure, which can achieve miniaturization while meeting the electrical length requirement for generating resonance and reducing the occupied area.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the operating frequency band of the first antenna structure includes 2.4-2.5 GHz.

[0024] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, after the first antenna structure is added with the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch, the first antenna structure can be used as a dual-band antenna, and its operating frequency band includes the 2.4GHz band (2.4-2.5GHz) of WiFi.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a second antenna structure; and a second dielectric substrate of the second antenna structure is arranged perpendicularly to and crosses the first dielectric substrate.

[0026] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the dielectric substrate in the first antenna structure and the dielectric substrate in the second antenna structure are arranged perpendicularly, so that the plane of current flow in the first antenna structure is perpendicular to the plane of current flow in the second antenna structure. This improves the isolation between the first and second antenna structures, allowing them to operate simultaneously. The first and second antenna structures can be used as a compact, high-isolation, dual-band, omnidirectional dual antenna, further increasing data transmission capacity and improving system adaptability.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device is a customer premises equipment (CPE).

[0028] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the antenna structure can be applied to CPE or UE. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the architecture of a mobile communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional view of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application from different perspectives.

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Simulation results of the S-parameters and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown.

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Directional pattern of the antenna structure shown.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution corresponding to the antenna unit and the metal grid at 5GHz.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution corresponding to the antenna unit and the metal grid at 7.3GHz.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution corresponding to the antenna unit and the metal grid at 9.9GHz.

[0037] Figure 9 2 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Simulation results of the S-parameters and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown.

[0039] Figure 11 yes Figure 9 Directional pattern of the antenna structure shown.

[0040] Figure 12 3 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure 300 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 Simulation results of the S-parameters and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown.

[0042] Figure 14 yes Figure 12 Directional pattern of the antenna structure shown.

[0043] Figure 15 4 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure 400 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 Simulation results of the S-parameters and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown.

[0045] Figure 17 yes Figure 15 Directional pattern of the antenna structure shown.

[0046] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of another antenna structure 500 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Figure 19 yes Figure 18 The simulation results of the S-parameters and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown in the low-frequency band.

[0048] Figure 20 yes Figure 18 The directional pattern of the antenna structure shown in the low-frequency band.

[0049] Figure 21 yes Figure 18 The simulation results of the S parameters and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown in the high frequency band are shown.

[0050] Figure 22 yes Figure 18 The directional pattern of the antenna structure shown in the high-frequency band.

[0051] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of another dual-antenna structure 600 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0052] Figure 24 yes Figure 23 The simulation results of S11 and system efficiency of the dual-antenna structure in the low-frequency band are shown.

[0053] Figure 25yes Figure 23 The simulation results of S12 of the dual-antenna structure shown in the low-frequency band.

[0054] Figure 26 yes Figure 23 The directional pattern of the dual-antenna structure shown in the low-frequency band.

[0055] Figure 27 yes Figure 23 The simulation results of S11 and system efficiency of the dual-antenna structure in the high-frequency band are shown.

[0056] Figure 28 yes Figure 23 The simulation results of S12 of the dual-antenna structure in the high-frequency band are shown.

[0057] Figure 29 yes Figure 23 The directional pattern of the dual-antenna structure shown in the high-frequency band. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the architecture of a mobile communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the mobile communication system may include at least one network device 101 , at least one customer premise equipment (CPE) 102 and at least one user equipment (UE) 103 . Figure 1 This is just a schematic diagram. The communication system may also include other network devices, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices. Figure 1 The embodiments of the present application do not limit the number and specific types of network devices and UEs included in the mobile communication system.

[0061] The UE 103 in the embodiment of the present application may refer to a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart helmet, smart glasses, etc. The electronic device may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, an electronic device in a 5G network, or an electronic device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. The technical solution provided in this application is applicable to UE103 that adopts one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, global positioning system (GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, global system for mobile communications (GSM) communication technology, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) communication technology, long term evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology and other future communication technologies.

[0062] The network device 101 in the embodiment of the present application can be a device for communicating with a terminal device. The network device can be a network device (base transceiver station, BTS) in a GSM system or code division multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA), or a network device (nodeB, NB) in a WCDMA system, or an evolved network device (evolutional nodeB, eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, or the network device can be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and a network device in a future 5G network (new generation nodeB, gNB or gNodeB) or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network, as well as subsequent network devices that support the third generation partnership project (3GPP) protocol version, etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited.

[0063] It should be understood that CPE 102 can connect user device 103 to the Internet by receiving cellular network signals sent by network device 101 and transmitting the cellular network signals to user device 103. For example, CPE 102 can convert 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G signals transmitted by network device 101 into WiFi signals to connect user device 103 to the Internet.

[0064] With the development of technology, WiFi6 has gradually failed to meet the needs of users. As an enhanced version of Wi-Fi6, Wi-Fi6E extends its operating frequency band to the 6GHz band. Wi-Fi6E uses the 6GHz function to support high-bandwidth applications that require faster data throughput, such as high-definition video streaming and virtual reality, as well as low-latency connections for online gaming applications. WiFi6E has added a new 6GHz band from 5.925 to 7.125GHz, plus the 2.4GHz band (2.4-2.5GHz) and 5GHz band (5.170-5.835GHz) of traditional Wi-Fi technology. This requires the antenna structure in electronic devices to be able to support the above frequency bands at the same time, which conflicts with the increasingly tight layout space inside electronic devices.

[0065] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a miniaturized antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure includes an antenna unit and a metal grid. The metal grid effectively expands the working bandwidth of the antenna unit, so that the antenna structure in the electronic device can obtain a wider working bandwidth while ensuring miniaturization.

[0066] Figure 2 and Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, which can be applied to Figure 1 In the CPE102 or UE103. Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional view of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application from different perspectives.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the antenna structure 100 includes an antenna element 110 and a metal grid 120 .

[0068] The metal grid 120 can be disposed above the antenna unit 110 to expand the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure 100 to meet multi-band communication requirements. It should be understood that the metal grid 120 being disposed above the antenna unit 110 can be understood as a relative positional relationship between the metal grid 120 and the antenna unit 110, where the metal grid 120 is located on one side of the antenna unit 110 and is not directly connected to the antenna unit 110.

[0069] In one embodiment, the antenna structure 100 may further include a dielectric substrate 130 , and the antenna unit 110 and the metal grid 120 are located on the lower surface and the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 130 , respectively.

[0070] like Figure 3 (a) in the figure is a bottom view of the antenna structure 100. From the overall perspective, the antenna unit 110 has a shape such as a "double-headed axe". The antenna unit 110 may include a first radiator 111 and a second radiator 112. The first end of the first radiator 111 and the first end of the second radiator 112 are opposite to each other and do not contact each other, forming a gap 113. The first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 are symmetrical about the midpoint O of the gap 113. The midpoint O can be understood as the midpoint of the length or width of the gap 113, or it can also be understood as the geometric center of the gap 113.

[0071] It should be understood that the symmetry of the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 about the midpoint O of the gap 113 can be understood as meaning that the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 have the same size and are centrally symmetrical about the midpoint O of the gap 113. For simplicity, the term "symmetry about the midpoint O of the gap" in the following text can also be understood accordingly. Furthermore, due to possible processing errors during the manufacturing process, errors within 10% can be considered symmetric about the midpoint O of the gap.

[0072] like Figure 3 FIG. 1 shows (b) of FIG. 1 , which is a top view of the antenna structure 100 . The metal grid 120 is symmetrical along the midpoint O of the slot. The metal grid 120 may be located directly above the antenna unit 110 .

[0073] In one embodiment, the antenna unit 110 may further include a feeding unit, which may be electrically connected to the first radiator 111 or the second radiator 112 at the slot 113 to feed the antenna unit 110. In this case, the antenna unit 110 may be a dipole antenna. It should be understood that in the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application, the antenna unit 110 is a dipole antenna, which is an omnidirectional antenna. The metal grid 120 provided above the antenna unit 110 can make the current distribution more uniform, thereby optimizing the omnidirectional radiation characteristics of the antenna structure 100, and the metal grid 120 can also generate resonance to expand the bandwidth of the antenna structure 100, so that the operating frequency band of the antenna structure can include multiple communication frequency bands. For example, the operating frequency band may include the 5GHz band (5.170-5.835GHz) and the 6GHz band (5.925-7.125GHz) in Wi-Fi 6E.

[0074] In one embodiment, Figure 3As shown in (a) of FIG. 1 , antenna unit 110 may further include a third radiator 114 and a fourth radiator 115. Third radiator 114 is connected to first radiator 111 at its second end. The third radiator 114 has the same length on both sides of the second end of the first radiator 111. Fourth radiator 115 is connected to second radiator 112 at its second end. The fourth radiator 115 has the same length on both sides of the second end of the second radiator 112. Third radiator 114 and fourth radiator 115 are symmetrical about the midpoint O of slot 113.

[0075] In one embodiment, the electrical length of the third radiator 114 and the fourth radiator 115 can be less than one-quarter of the first wavelength, where the first wavelength corresponds to the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 100. The first wavelength can be considered to be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to a resonant point generated within the operating frequency band. The third radiator 114 and the fourth radiator 115 can serve as capacitive loading branches for the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112, thereby increasing the electrical length of the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112.

[0076] It should be understood that the arrangement of the third radiator 114 and the fourth radiator 115 can be selected according to the actual layout of the antenna unit. For example, the third radiator 114 and the fourth radiator 115 can be arranged in a zigzag shape, an S-shaped shape, or an arc shape. In this embodiment, the arc shape arrangement of the third radiator 114 and the fourth radiator 115 is used as an example for explanation. The distance between the third radiator 114 and the fourth radiator 115 and the midpoint O of the slot 113 is R2, and the central angle corresponding to the third radiator 114 and the fourth radiator 115 is 2×θ1. In addition, by adjusting the above parameters (R2 or θ1), the electrical length of the radiator of the antenna unit 110 can be adjusted, and the operating frequency band of the antenna unit 110 can be changed.

[0077] Electrical length can be expressed as the ratio of the physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) multiplied by the transmission time of an electrical or electromagnetic signal in a medium to the time required for the signal to travel the same distance as the physical length of the medium in free space. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0078]

[0079] Where L is the physical length, a is the propagation time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the propagation time in free space.

[0080] Alternatively, electrical length can also refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0081]

[0082] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0083] In one embodiment, the width of the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 is W1, the width of the third radiator 114 and the fourth radiator 115 can be d1, and the length of the slot 113 can be d2. It should be understood that the above parameters can be adjusted to shift the resonant frequency of the antenna structure 100, and can be adjusted according to actual design requirements. The thickness of the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112, the third radiator 114, and the fourth radiator 115 are all the same, which can be understood as the same thickness of the copper clad film forming the radiators, or the same thickness of other metal layers forming the radiators.

[0084] In one embodiment, the dielectric substrate 130 is symmetrical along the midpoint O of the slot, further enhancing the symmetry of the antenna structure 100 and thereby improving its omnidirectional radiation characteristics. In this embodiment, the dielectric substrate 130 is circular (with a radius of R1) as an example. The dielectric substrate may also be square, diamond, hexagonal, or other shapes, and may be adjusted based on the actual design.

[0085] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown in (b), the metal grid 120 can be composed of a plurality of grid sub-units 121, which can be arranged periodically to form a periodic grid. The arrangement of the plurality of grid sub-units 121 can be adjusted according to actual design requirements. For simplicity, this application uses as an example a metal grid 120 composed of five grid sub-units 121 and four grid sub-units 121 arranged in a staggered manner per column.

[0086] In one embodiment, the grid subunit 121 may be rectangular, diamond-shaped, circular, or hexagonal. This application does not impose any limitation on this and the shape may be adjusted according to the actual design.

[0087] In one embodiment, the length of the grid subunit 121 may be L2, the width of the metal line in the length direction may be W4, the width of the grid subunit 121 may be W3, and the width of the metal line in the width direction may be W5. The length L1 and width W2 of the metal grid 120 can be adjusted by adjusting the above parameters and the number and arrangement of the grid subunits 121 included in the metal grid 120. It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of each grid subunit 121 in the metal grid 120 is the same. The fact that each grid subunit 121 in the metal grid 120 has the same thickness can be understood as the same thickness of the copper clad film forming the grid subunit, or the same thickness of other metal layers forming the grid subunit.

[0088] In one embodiment, the length L2 of the grid subunit 121 can be 3 mm, the width W4 of the metal wire in the length direction can be 1.5 mm, the width W3 of the grid subunit 121 can be 2.8 mm, and the width W5 of the metal wire in the width direction can be 1.1 mm. It should be understood that the above data is used for example only and does not limit the specific numerical values. It can be adjusted according to actual production or design requirements.

[0089] like Figure 3 (c) is a side view of the antenna structure 100, in which the antenna unit 110 and the metal grid 120 are respectively located on the lower surface and the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 130. It should be understood that in this application, only the example of the antenna unit 110 and the metal grid 120 being respectively located on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 130 is used for illustration. In actual designs, there are many other layout methods. For example, the antenna unit can be arranged on the surface of the antenna bracket and the metal grid can be arranged on the surface of the electronic device housing to achieve the same effect, and this application does not limit this.

[0090] In one embodiment, the thickness of dielectric substrate 130 can be H. Adjusting the thickness of dielectric substrate 130 can adjust the bandwidth of antenna structure 100. The dielectric substrate 130 provided in this embodiment can be made of Rogers RT / duroid 5880™, which has a relative dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.0009. This material can be adjusted based on actual design requirements. The following embodiments all utilize the same dielectric substrate, and for the sake of brevity, a detailed description thereof will not be given.

[0091] Figure 4 and Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in the figure. Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Simulation results of the antenna structure's S-parameters and total efficiency are shown. Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Directional pattern of the antenna structure shown.

[0092] exist Figure 4 and Figure 5, shows the simulation results of antenna structures in which the metal grid includes different numbers of grid subunits. Among them, the grid subunits are arranged in a staggered manner with 5 grid subunits and 4 grid subunits per column. The metal grid includes 5 columns of grid subunits (18 grid subunits), 7 columns of grid subunits (27 grid subunits), and 9 columns of grid subunits (36 grid subunits). In addition, the dimensions of each component in the antenna structure adopt the dimensions shown in Table 1 below. This application does not impose any restrictions on this. It is only used as an example and can be adjusted according to the actual design requirements of the antenna structure.

[0093] Table 1

[0094] parameter size R1 11mm R2 10mm d1 0.1mm d2 1mm L1 14.6mm L2 3mm W1 1.2mm W2 9.3mm W3 1.1mm W4 0.2mm W5 0.1mm θ1 50 degrees H 0.787mm

[0095] like Figure 4 As shown, when the metal grid in the antenna structure includes 18, 27, and 36 grid subunits, the operating frequency bands can be 5.44-9.43 GHz, 4.61-10.03 GHz, and 4.80-9.13 GHz, respectively. Furthermore, in each case, the system efficiency of the antenna structure within the operating frequency band is greater than -3 dB. It should be understood that the operating frequency band can be considered the frequency band corresponding to the resonance generated by the antenna structure when S11 is less than -10 dB.

[0096] like Figure 5 As shown, the antenna structure is yoz (θ=0°, ) plane, where θ is the angle with the z-axis, The antenna structure's radiation pattern non-circularity is less than 3dB at 5GHz, 6GHz, and 7GHz, demonstrating excellent omnidirectional radiation characteristics within the operating frequency band. Furthermore, the antenna structure's gains at 5.44-9.43GHz, 4.61-10.03GHz, and 4.80-9.13GHz are 1.76-3.50dBi, 1.08-3.12dBi, and 1.30-3.09dBi, respectively.

[0097] By adding a metal grid above the antenna elements, the antenna structure exhibits excellent bandwidth expansion and radiation characteristics with varying numbers of grid sub-elements. For example, antenna structures with 18, 27, and 36 grid sub-elements can operate in the 6 GHz band (5.925-7.125 GHz) used in WiFi, and some can operate in the 5 GHz band (5.170-5.835 GHz).

[0098] Figures 6 to 8 Schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna unit and metal grid provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution corresponding to the antenna unit and the metal grid at 5GHz. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution corresponding to the antenna unit and the metal grid at 7.3GHz. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution corresponding to the antenna unit and the metal grid at 9.9GHz.

[0099] like Figure 6 As shown in Figure 1, at 5 GHz, the resonant mode of the antenna unit is the fundamental mode, and no resonance occurs on the metal grid. Figure 7 As shown in Figure 1, at 7.3 GHz, the resonant mode of the antenna unit is still the fundamental mode. At this frequency, the metal grid resonates, and the resonance generated by the metal grid can be used to expand the working bandwidth of the antenna structure. Figure 8 As shown, at 9.9 GHz, the metal grid and the antenna unit resonate simultaneously, and the resonant mode of the antenna unit is the third-order mode.

[0100] It should be understood that the metal grid can be used to optimize the omnidirectional radiation characteristics of the antenna unit in the third-order mode, while also expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure. The metal grid's optimization of the antenna unit's omnidirectional radiation characteristics in the third-order mode is due to the fact that the long and short sides of the grid subunits act as current conductors, making the current distribution more uniform and achieving better omnidirectionality. The expansion of the antenna structure's operating bandwidth is achieved by the resonance generated by the long sides of the grid subunits, resulting in a wider operating bandwidth.

[0101] Figure 9 2 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0102] It should be understood that compared to Figure 2 The antenna structure 100 shown, Figure 9 In the illustrated antenna structure 200, each grid subunit in the metal grid is transformed from a rectangular shape to a diamond shape. The metal grid in the antenna structure 200 comprises 41 grid subunits, arranged in a staggered pattern of 5 grid subunits per row and 4 grid subunits per row. The number and arrangement of the grid subunits in the metal grid can be adjusted based on design requirements. This is provided in the present embodiment for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0103] Figure 10 and Figure 11 yes Figure 9 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in the figure. Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Simulation results of the S-parameters and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown. Figure 11 yes Figure 9 Directional pattern of the antenna structure shown.

[0104] like Figure 10 As shown, when the metal grid in the antenna structure includes 41 diamond-shaped grid subunits, its operating frequency band can include 4.65-9.61 GHz. At the same time, the system efficiency of the antenna structure in the 4.65-9.61 GHz range is greater than -3dB.

[0105] like Figure 11 As shown, the antenna structure is yoz (θ=0°, ) plane. The antenna structure's non-circularity is less than 3dB at 5GHz, 6GHz, and 7GHz, demonstrating excellent omnidirectional radiation characteristics within the operating frequency band. Furthermore, the antenna structure's gain ranges from 1.13dBi to 3.08dBi from 4.65GHz to 9.61GHz.

[0106] By adding a metal grid above the antenna elements, the antenna structure still has good bandwidth expansion capabilities and good radiation characteristics when the grid sub-units are diamond-shaped. For example, the antenna structure including diamond-shaped grid sub-units can operate in the 6GHz band (5.925-7.125GHz) and 5GHz band (5.170-5.835GHz) used in WiFi.

[0107] Figure 12 3 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure 300 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0108] It should be understood that compared to Figure 2 The antenna structure 100 shown, Figure 12 In the illustrated antenna structure 300, each grid subunit in the metal grid is transformed from a rectangle to a circle. The metal grid in the antenna structure 300 is composed of 25 grid subunits, forming a 5×5 array. The number and arrangement of the grid subunits in the metal grid can be adjusted according to design requirements. This is used in the present embodiment for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0109] Figure 13 and Figure 14 yes Figure 12 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in the figure. Figure 13 yes Figure 12 Simulation results of the S-parameters and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown. Figure 14 yes Figure 12 Directional pattern of the antenna structure shown.

[0110] like Figure 13As shown, when the metal grid in the antenna structure includes 25 circular grid subunits, its operating frequency band can include 5.02-8.97 GHz. At the same time, the system efficiency of the antenna structure within 5.02-8.97 GHz is greater than -3dB.

[0111] like Figure 14 As shown, the antenna structure is yoz (θ=0°, ) plane. The antenna structure's non-circularity is less than 3dB at 5GHz, 6GHz, and 7GHz, demonstrating excellent omnidirectional radiation characteristics within the operating frequency band. Furthermore, the antenna structure's gain ranges from 1.5dBi to 3.28dBi from 5.02GHz to 8.97GHz.

[0112] By adding a metal grid above the antenna elements, the antenna structure still has good bandwidth expansion capabilities and good radiation characteristics when the grid sub-units are diamond-shaped. For example, the antenna structure including diamond-shaped grid sub-units can operate in the 6GHz band (5.925-7.125GHz) and 5GHz band (5.170-5.835GHz) used in WiFi.

[0113] Figure 15 4 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure 400 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0114] It should be understood that compared to Figure 2 The antenna structure 100 shown, Figure 15 In the illustrated antenna structure 200, each grid subunit in the metal grid is transformed from a rectangular shape to a hexagonal shape. The metal grid in antenna structure 400 comprises 23 grid subunits, arranged in a staggered pattern of 5 grid subunits per row and 4 grid subunits per row. The number and arrangement of the grid subunits in the metal grid can be adjusted based on design requirements. This is used in the present embodiment for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0115] Figure 16 and Figure 17 yes Figure 15 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in the figure. Figure 16 yes Figure 15 Simulation results of the S-parameters and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown. Figure 17 yes Figure 15 Directional pattern of the antenna structure shown.

[0116] like Figure 16As shown, when the metal grid in the antenna structure includes 23 hexagonal grid subunits, its operating frequency band can include 4.74-9.99 GHz. At the same time, the system efficiency of the antenna structure in the 4.74-9.99 GHz range is greater than -3dB.

[0117] like Figure 17 As shown, the antenna structure is yoz (θ=0°, ) plane. The antenna structure's non-circularity is less than 3dB at 5GHz, 6GHz, and 7GHz, demonstrating excellent omnidirectional radiation characteristics within the operating frequency band. Furthermore, the antenna structure's gain ranges from 1.21dBi to 3.71dBi from 4.74GHz to 9.99GHz.

[0118] By adding a metal grid above the antenna elements, the antenna structure still has good bandwidth expansion capabilities and good radiation characteristics when the grid sub-units are diamond-shaped. For example, the antenna structure including diamond-shaped grid sub-units can operate in the 6GHz band (5.925-7.125GHz) and 5GHz band (5.170-5.835GHz) used in WiFi.

[0119] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of another antenna structure 500 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0120] like Figure 18 As shown, the antenna unit 510 may further include a first parasitic branch 514 and a second parasitic branch 515 , which may be located on both sides of the first radiator 511 and the second radiator 512 , respectively, and symmetrically along the midpoint O of the slot 513 .

[0121] It should be understood that the first parasitic branch 514 and the second parasitic branch 515 can be arranged on the same surface of the dielectric substrate 530 as the first radiator 511 and the second radiator 512, and can act as a pair of stepped impedance resonators to obtain electrical signals through near-field coupling to form resonance, thereby expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure 500, making the antenna structure 500 a dual-band antenna, and the operating frequency band can include at least two frequency bands. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the operating frequency band of the first parasitic branch 514 and the second parasitic branch 515 includes the 2.4GHz frequency band (2.4-2.5GHz) of WiFi as an example for explanation, so that the antenna structure 500 adds an additional low-frequency operating frequency band in addition to the original operating frequency band, effectively improving the utilization of the spectrum. At the same time, adjustments can be made according to actual design needs to enable the first parasitic branch 514 and the second parasitic branch 515 to operate in other frequency bands.

[0122] In one embodiment, the first parasitic stub 514 and the second parasitic stub 515 can be in an I-shape. The first parasitic stub 514 can include a first portion 5141, a second portion 5142, and a third portion 5143, wherein the first portion 5141 and the second portion 5142 are of the same size, and the third portion 5143 is connected to the first portion 5141 and the second portion 5142 at both ends. The width d3 of the third portion 5143 can be much smaller than the width d4 of the first portion 5141 and the second portion 5142, thereby forming an I-shaped structure. The second parasitic stub 515 can have the same structural dimensions as the first parasitic stub 514. It should be understood that the I-shaped structure of the first parasitic stub 514 and the second parasitic stub 515 can achieve miniaturization while meeting the electrical length requirements for generating resonance, thereby reducing the area occupied.

[0123] In one embodiment, the first and second parasitic stubs 514, 515 can be arranged in an arc shape on either side of the first and second radiators 511, 512, parallel to the "double-headed axe" dipole formed by the first and second radiators 511, 512, to form an arc-shaped stepped impedance resonator structure. The distance between the first portion 5141 of the first parasitic stub 514 and the third radiator is d5. The distance between the third portion 5143 of the first parasitic stub 514 and the midpoint O of the slot 513 is R3. The maximum distance between the second portion 5142 of the first parasitic stub 514 and the midpoint O of the slot 513 is R4. The central angle corresponding to the distance between the first and second parasitic stubs 514, 515 is 2×θ2. The central angle corresponding to the length of the first portion 5141 of the first parasitic stub 514 is 2×θ3. The first parasitic stub 514 and the second parasitic stub 515 have the same thickness, which can be understood as the same thickness of the copper clad films forming the parasitic stubs, or the same thickness of other metal layers forming the parasitic stubs.

[0124] It should be understood that by adjusting the above parameters, the resonance generated by the antenna structure 500 can be adjusted to affect its operating frequency band and radiation characteristics. In the embodiment of the present application, only the parameter data in Table 2 below are used as examples, and can be adjusted according to actual design requirements.

[0125] Table 2

[0126]

[0127]

[0128] Figures 19 to 22 yes Figure 18 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in the figure. Figure 19 yes Figure 18 The simulation results of the S-parameters and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown in the low-frequency band. Figure 20 yes Figure 18 The directional pattern of the antenna structure shown in the low-frequency band. Figure 21 yes Figure 18 The simulation results of the S parameters and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown in the high frequency band are shown. Figure 22 yes Figure 18 The directional pattern of the antenna structure shown in the high-frequency band.

[0129] like Figure 19 As shown, the antenna structure can operate in a low-frequency band of 2.4-2.5 GHz, which corresponds to the 2.4 GHz band in WiFi. Meanwhile, the system efficiency of the antenna structure in the 2.4-2.5 GHz band is greater than -3 dB.

[0130] like Figure 20 As shown, the directional patterns of the antenna structure at 2.4GHz, 2.46GHz and 2.5GHz, where Figure 20 (a) is the antenna structure at yoz (θ=0°, ) plane, Figure 20 (b) is the antenna structure at xoy (θ=90°, ) plane. The antenna structure's non-circularity at 2.4 GHz, 2.46 GHz, and 2.5 GHz is less than 3 dB, demonstrating excellent omnidirectional radiation characteristics within the operating frequency band. Furthermore, the antenna structure's gain at 2.4-2.5 GHz is 1.19-1.75 dBi.

[0131] like Figure 21 As shown, the antenna structure can operate in a high-frequency band of 4.79-10.08 GHz, which corresponds to the 6 GHz band (5.925-7.125 GHz) and the 5 GHz band (5.170-5.835 GHz) in WiFi. At the same time, the antenna structure has a system efficiency greater than -3 dB within the 4.79-10.08 GHz range.

[0132] like Figure 22 As shown, the antenna structure is yoz (θ=0°, ) plane, where Figure 22 (a) is the antenna structure at yoz (θ=0°, ) plane, Figure 22 (b) is the antenna structure at xoy (θ=90°, ) plane. The antenna structure's non-circularity is less than 3dB at 5GHz, 6GHz, and 7GHz, demonstrating excellent omnidirectional radiation characteristics within the operating frequency band. Furthermore, the antenna structure's gain ranges from 2.52 to 4.63dBi from 4.79 to 10.08GHz.

[0133] It should be understood that by adding a metal grid above the antenna unit, the antenna structure has a wider operating bandwidth and good radiation characteristics in the operating frequency band, which can cover multiple communication frequency bands. For example, the 2.4GHz band (2.4-2.5GHz), 5GHz band (5.170-5.835GHz), and 6GHz band (5.925-7.125GHz) in WiFi.

[0134] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of another dual-antenna structure 600 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0135] like Figure 23 As shown, the dual antenna structure 600 may include a first antenna structure 610 and a second antenna structure 620. The dielectric substrate of the first antenna structure 610 and the dielectric substrate of the second antenna structure 620 are arranged vertically. The first antenna structure 610 and the second antenna structure 620 have the same structure and can be any of the antenna structures provided in the above embodiments. It should be understood that to ensure the normal operation of the first antenna structure 610 and the second antenna structure 620, the first antenna structure 610 and the second antenna structure 620 can be translated along the x-axis, y-axis, or z-axis so that the radiator of the first antenna structure 610 and the radiator of the second antenna structure 620 are not directly connected to avoid short circuits during operation.

[0136] In this embodiment of the present application, the dielectric substrates of the first antenna structure 610 and the second antenna structure 620 are arranged perpendicularly, so that the plane of current flow in the first antenna structure 610 is perpendicular to the plane of current flow in the second antenna structure 620. This improves the isolation between the first antenna structure 610 and the second antenna structure 620, allowing them to operate simultaneously. The first antenna structure 610 and the second antenna structure 620 can be used as a compact, dual-band, omnidirectional dual antenna with high isolation, further increasing data transmission capacity and enhancing system adaptability.

[0137] Figures 24 to 29 yes Figure 23 The simulation results of the dual antenna structure are shown in Figure 2. Figure 24 yes Figure 23 The simulation results of S11 and system efficiency of the dual-antenna structure in the low-frequency band are shown. Figure 25 yes Figure 23 The simulation results of S12 of the dual-antenna structure shown in the low-frequency band. Figure 26 yes Figure 23 The directional pattern of the dual-antenna structure shown in the low-frequency band. Figure 27 yes Figure 23 The simulation results of S11 and system efficiency of the dual-antenna structure in the high-frequency band are shown. Figure 28 yes Figure 23 The simulation results of S12 of the dual-antenna structure in the high-frequency band are shown. Figure 29 yes Figure 23 The directional pattern of the dual-antenna structure shown in the high-frequency band.

[0138] like Figure 24 As shown, the dual-antenna structure can operate in the low-frequency band of 2.4-2.5 GHz, which corresponds to the 2.4 GHz band in WiFi. Furthermore, the dual-antenna structure has a system efficiency greater than -3 dB within the 2.4-2.5 GHz band. It should be understood that the operating frequency band can be considered the frequency band where the resonance generated by the antenna structure has an S11 < -6 dB.

[0139] It should be understood that since the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure in the dual antenna structure are arranged vertically, the currents of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are perpendicular to each other when they operate in the low frequency band, ensuring that there is good isolation between the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure in the low frequency operating band (the isolation is below 67dB), such as Figure 25 shown.

[0140] like Figure 26 As shown, the directional pattern of the dual antenna structure at 2.4GHz, 2.44GHz and 2.5GHz, where Figure 26 (a) is a dual antenna structure in yoz (θ=0°, ) plane, Figure 26 (b) is a dual antenna structure at xoy (θ=90°, ) plane. The dual-antenna structure exhibits a non-circularity of less than 3dB at 2.4GHz, 2.44GHz, and 2.5GHz, demonstrating excellent omnidirectional radiation characteristics within the operating frequency band. Furthermore, the dual-antenna structure achieves a gain of -0.03dBi at 2.45GHz.

[0141] like Figure 27 As shown, the dual-antenna structure can operate in the high-frequency band of 4.27-10.58 GHz, which corresponds to the 6 GHz band (5.925-7.125 GHz) and the 5 GHz band (5.170-5.835 GHz) in WiFi. Furthermore, the dual-antenna structure achieves a system efficiency greater than -3 dB within the 4.27-10.58 GHz range. It should be understood that the operating frequency band can be considered the frequency band corresponding to the resonance generated by the antenna structure when S11 < -8 dB.

[0142] It should be understood that since the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure in the dual antenna structure are arranged vertically, the currents of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are perpendicular to each other when they operate in the high frequency band, ensuring that there is good isolation between the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure in the high frequency operating frequency band (the isolation is below 40dB), such as Figure 28 shown.

[0143] like Figure 29 As shown, the dual antenna structure is yoz (θ=0°, ) plane, where Figure 29 (a) is a dual antenna structure in yoz (θ=0°, ) plane, Figure 29 (b) is a dual antenna structure at xoy (θ=90°, ) plane. The dual-antenna structure has a non-circularity of less than 3dB at 5.1GHz, 6GHz, and 7.1GHz, demonstrating excellent omnidirectional radiation characteristics within the operating frequency band. Furthermore, the dual-antenna structure has a gain of -1.32-0.31dBi from 4.27-10.58GHz.

[0144] Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0145] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0146] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be electrical or other forms.

[0147] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A first antenna structure, the first antenna structure comprising: Antenna elements and metal grids; Wherein, the metal grid is arranged above the antenna unit; The antenna unit includes a first radiator and a second radiator, wherein a first end portion of the first radiator and a first end portion of the second radiator are opposite to each other and do not contact each other, and a gap is formed; The first radiator and the second radiator are symmetrical along the midpoint of the gap; The metal grid is symmetrical along the midpoint of the gap; The metal grid is used to make the current generated by the antenna unit uniform.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein The antenna unit further includes: a third radiator and a fourth radiator; The third radiator is connected to the first radiator at the second end of the first radiator, and the third radiators on both sides of the second end of the first radiator have the same length; The fourth radiator is connected to the second radiator at the second end of the second radiator, and the lengths of the fourth radiators on both sides of the second end of the second radiator are the same; The third radiator and the fourth radiator are symmetrical along the midpoint of the slot.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein The antenna unit further includes: a first dielectric substrate; Wherein, the first radiator and the second radiator are located on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate; The metal grid is located on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate.

4. The electronic device according to claim 3, wherein: The first dielectric substrate is symmetrical along the midpoint of the gap.

5. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein The metal grid is composed of a plurality of grid sub-units.

6. The electronic device according to claim 5, characterized in that The grid subunits are rectangular, diamond, circular or hexagonal.

7. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The operating frequency band of the first antenna structure includes 5.925-7.125 GHz or 5.170-5.835 GHz.

8. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The first antenna structure further includes a first parasitic stub and a second parasitic stub; Wherein, the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are respectively located on both sides of the first radiator and the second radiator; The first parasitic branch node and the second parasitic branch node are symmetrical along the midpoint of the gap.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, wherein: The first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are in an I-shape.

10. The electronic device according to claim 8, wherein The operating frequency band of the first antenna structure includes 2.4-2.5 GHz.

11. The electronic device according to claim 3, wherein: The electronic device further includes a second antenna structure; The second dielectric substrate of the second antenna structure is arranged to cross the first dielectric substrate perpendicularly.

12. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein The electronic device is the customer premise equipment (CPE).

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