Antenna and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an antenna and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the field of communication technology. The antenna of the present invention comprises: a dielectric layer; a reference electrode layer, which is arranged on the first surface of the dielectric layer, and the reference electrode layer has at least one slot; at least one radiating structure, which is arranged on the second surface of the dielectric layer; wherein the radiating structure comprises a plurality of radiating portions arranged at intervals; any radiating portion comprises radiating elements arranged at intervals; the plurality of radiating portions in any radiating structure comprise at least a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion; at least one first microstrip line and at least one second microstrip line, which are arranged on the second surface of the dielectric layer; a first microstrip line is configured to feed a radiating element in a first radiating portion, a second microstrip line is configured to feed a radiating element in a second radiating portion, and the feeding direction of the first microstrip line is different from the feeding direction of the second microstrip line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of communication technology, and particularly relates to an antenna and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Compared to 4G (the fourth generation mobile communication technology), 5G (fifth generation mobile networks) boasts higher data rates, greater network capacity, and lower latency. 5G frequency planning encompasses both low- and high-frequency bands. The low-frequency band (3-6 GHz) offers excellent propagation characteristics and abundant spectrum resources. Therefore, the development of antenna units and arrays for low-frequency communication applications has become a research and development hotspot.

[0003] Based on the actual application scenarios of 5G mobile communications, 5G low-frequency band antennas should have technical characteristics such as high gain, miniaturization, and wide bandwidth. Microstrip antennas are a commonly used antenna type with a simple structure, easy array formation, and the ability to achieve high gain. However, their narrow bandwidth and large antenna size at low frequencies restrict their application in 5G low-frequency mobile communications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides an antenna and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna, comprising:

[0006] The dielectric layer has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other;

[0007] A reference electrode layer is provided on the first surface of the dielectric layer, and the reference electrode layer has at least one groove;

[0008] At least one radiating structure is disposed on the second surface of the dielectric layer, and an orthographic projection of one of the radiating structures on the dielectric layer is located within an orthographic projection of one of the slots on the dielectric layer; wherein the radiating structure includes a plurality of radiating portions disposed at intervals; each of the radiating portions includes radiating elements disposed at intervals; and the plurality of radiating portions in any of the radiating structures include at least a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion;

[0009] At least one first microstrip line and at least one second microstrip line are arranged on the second surface of the dielectric layer; one of the first microstrip lines is configured to feed the radiating element in one of the first radiating portions, and one of the second microstrip lines is configured to feed the radiating element in one of the second radiating portions, and the feeding direction of the first microstrip line is different from the feeding direction of the second microstrip line.

[0010] The feeding direction of one of the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line is vertical, and the feeding direction of the other is horizontal.

[0011] In which, the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion each include two radiating elements arranged at intervals; the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line each include a connecting portion and two branch portions connected to the connecting portion; the two branches of the first microstrip line are respectively connected to the two radiating elements in the first radiating portion; and the two branches of the second microstrip line are respectively connected to the two radiating elements in the second radiating portion.

[0012] The first microstrip line and the second microstrip line at least partially overlap with the orthographic projection of the slot on the dielectric layer; and the orthographic projections of the two branches of the first microstrip line and the two branches of the second microstrip line on the dielectric layer are both within the orthographic projection of the slot on the dielectric layer.

[0013] The multiple radiation parts in the radiation structure further include: a third radiation part and a fourth radiation part; the third radiation part is arranged opposite to the first radiation part, and the fourth radiation part is arranged opposite to the second radiation part.

[0014] The radiation element is in a triangular sheet structure, the first radiation part, the second radiation part, the third radiation part and the fourth radiation part each include two radiation elements arranged at intervals, and each radiation element in the radiation structure forms a 'M'-shaped opening.

[0015] The outline of the radiation structure is rectangular, and the slot is a rectangular slot.

[0016] Wherein, in each radiation structure, the spacing between the radiation parts is greater than the spacing between the radiation elements.

[0017] Wherein, it also includes a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure, the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are both located on the second surface of the dielectric layer, and the first feeding structure at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first microstrip line on the dielectric layer, and the second feeding structure at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second microstrip line on the dielectric layer.

[0018] The first feeding structure is electrically connected to the first microstrip line; and the second feeding structure is electrically connected to the second microstrip line.

[0019] The number of slots is 2 n The first feeding unit includes n-level third microstrip lines, and the second feeding unit includes n-level fourth microstrip lines;

[0020] One of the third microstrip lines at the first level connects two adjacent first microstrip lines, and different third microstrip lines at the first level connect to different first microstrip lines; one of the third microstrip lines at the mth level connects two adjacent third microstrip lines at the m-1th level, and different third microstrip lines at the mth level connect to different third microstrip lines at the m-1th level;

[0021] A fourth microstrip line located at the first level connects two adjacent second microstrip lines, and different fourth microstrip lines located at the first level connect to different second microstrip lines; a fourth microstrip line located at the mth level connects two adjacent fourth microstrip lines located at the m-1th level, and different fourth microstrip lines located at the mth level connect to different fourth microstrip lines located at the m-1th level; wherein, n≥2, 2≤m≤n, and m and n are both integers.

[0022] The reference electrode layer includes a main body, a first branch, and a second branch; the first branch and the second branch are respectively connected to both sides of the main body in the length direction; the antenna also includes a fifth microstrip line and a sixth microstrip line; the fifth microstrip line is connected to the first feeding structure, and its orthographic projection on the dielectric layer is located within the orthographic projection of the first branch on the dielectric layer; the sixth microstrip line is connected to the second feeding structure, and its orthographic projection on the dielectric layer is located within the orthographic projection of the second branch on the dielectric layer;

[0023] The perpendicular midline of the width of the main body coincides with a diagonal line of the dielectric layer; the extension direction of the fifth microstrip line and the extension direction of the sixth microstrip line are perpendicular to each other, and both form an angle of 45° with the diagonal line of the dielectric layer.

[0024] , wherein the antenna is divided into a feeding area and a radiation area; the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are located in the feeding area; the radiation structure is located in the radiation area; the reference electrode layer also has at least one auxiliary slot located in the feeding area; the radiation slot has no overlap with the orthographic projections of the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure on the dielectric layer.

[0025] The dielectric layer includes a first sub-dielectric layer, a first bonding layer, a second sub-dielectric layer, a second bonding layer and a third sub-dielectric layer arranged in a stacked manner. The surface of the first sub-dielectric layer facing away from the first bonding layer serves as the first surface of the dielectric layer, and the surface of the third sub-dielectric layer facing away from the second dielectric layer serves as the second surface of the dielectric layer.

[0026] The dielectric layer includes a first sub-dielectric layer, a first bonding layer, a second sub-dielectric layer, a second bonding layer, and a third sub-dielectric layer, wherein the surface of the first sub-dielectric layer close to the first bonding layer serves as the first surface of the dielectric layer, and the surface of the third sub-dielectric layer close to the second bonding layer serves as the second surface of the dielectric layer.

[0027] The first sub-dielectric layer and the third sub-dielectric layer are both made of polyimide; and the second sub-dielectric layer is made of polyethylene terephthalate.

[0028] The dielectric layer includes a first sub-dielectric layer, a first bonding layer, and a second sub-dielectric layer that are stacked. The surface of the first sub-dielectric layer facing away from the first bonding layer serves as the first surface of the dielectric layer, and the surface of the second sub-dielectric layer facing away from the first bonding layer serves as the second surface of the dielectric layer.

[0029] The material of the first sub-dielectric layer includes polyimide, and the material of the second sub-dielectric layer includes polyethylene terephthalate, or

[0030] The material of the first sub-dielectric layer includes polyethylene terephthalate, and the material of the second sub-dielectric layer includes polyimide.

[0031] Wherein, the dielectric layer is a single-layer structure, and its material includes polyimide or polyethylene terephthalate.

[0032] There are multiple slots, and the slots are arranged side by side, with the spacing between adjacent slots being equal.

[0033] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an antenna, comprising:

[0034] providing a dielectric layer;

[0035] forming a pattern including the reference electrode layer on the first surface of the dielectric layer by a patterning process; wherein a groove is formed in the reference electrode layer;

[0036] A pattern including at least one radiating structure, at least one first microstrip line and at least one second microstrip line is formed on the second surface of the dielectric layer by a patterning process; wherein the orthographic projection of a radiating structure on the dielectric layer is within the orthographic projection of the slot on the dielectric layer; the radiating structure includes a plurality of radiating portions arranged at intervals; any of the radiating portions includes radiating elements arranged at intervals; the plurality of radiating portions in any of the radiating structures include at least a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion; one of the first microstrip lines is configured to be fed by the radiating element in one of the first radiating portions, and one of the second microstrip lines is configured to be fed by the radiating element in one of the second radiating portions, and the feeding direction of the first microstrip line is different from that of the second microstrip line.

[0037] Wherein, the dielectric layer comprises a first sub-dielectric layer, a first bonding layer, a second sub-dielectric layer, a second bonding layer and a third sub-dielectric layer which are stacked in sequence;

[0038] The reference electrode layer is formed on a side of the first sub-dielectric layer away from the first bonding layer; and the radiation structure is formed on a side of the third sub-dielectric layer away from the second bonding layer.

[0039] Wherein, the dielectric layer comprises a first sub-dielectric layer, a first bonding layer, a second sub-dielectric layer, a second bonding layer and a third sub-dielectric layer which are stacked in sequence;

[0040] The reference electrode layer is formed on a side of the first sub-dielectric layer close to the first bonding layer; and the radiation structure is formed on a side of the third sub-dielectric layer close to the second bonding layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 6 for Figure 2 The S of the feeding end of the first microstrip line and the feeding end of the second microstrip line of the antenna unit shown 11 Parameter curve graph.

[0047] Figure 7a for Figure 2 The plane radiation pattern at f=3.75 GHz obtained by exciting the feeding end of the first microstrip line of the antenna unit shown.

[0048] Figure 7b for Figure 2 The plane radiation pattern at f=3.75 GHz obtained by exciting the feeding end of the second microstrip line of the antenna unit shown.

[0049] Figure 8 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The S of the feeding end of the first feeding structure and the feeding end of the second feeding structure of the antenna shown 11 Parameter curve graph.

[0051] Figure 10a for Figure 8 The plane radiation pattern obtained by exciting the feeding end of the first feeding structure of the antenna at f=3.75 GHz is shown.

[0052] Figure 10b for Figure 8 The plane radiation pattern obtained by exciting the feeding end of the second feeding structure of the antenna at f=3.75 GHz is shown.

[0053] Figure 11 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The S of the feeding end of the fifth microstrip line and the feeding end of the sixth microstrip line of the antenna unit shown 11 Parameter curve graph.

[0055] Figure 13a for Figure 11 The plane radiation pattern obtained by exciting the feeding end of the fifth microstrip line of the antenna at f=3.75 GHz is shown.

[0056] Figure 13b for Figure 11 The plane radiation pattern obtained by exciting the feeding end of the sixth microstrip line of the antenna at f=3.75 GHz is shown.

[0057] Figure 14 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0059] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should have the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "one", "an" or "the" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the existence of at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0060] It should be noted that the S mentioned in the following description 11 It refers to one of the S parameters, indicating the return loss characteristics. Generally, a network analyzer is used to test the loss dB value and impedance characteristics. 11 Indicates the transmission efficiency of the antenna. The larger the value, the greater the energy reflected back by the antenna itself, and the lower the efficiency of the antenna.

[0061] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 is a top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the antenna includes a dielectric layer 1 , a reference electrode layer 2 , at least one radiation structure 3 , at least one first microstrip line 4 and at least one second microstrip line 5 .

[0062] The dielectric layer 1 has a first surface (lower surface) and a second surface (upper surface) that are opposite to each other.

[0063] The reference electrode layer 2 is disposed on the first surface of the dielectric layer 1 and has at least one slot 21 therein. The radiating structures 3 are disposed on the second surface of the dielectric layer 1, and the orthographic projection of one radiating structure 3 on the dielectric layer 1 is located within the orthographic projection of one slot 21 of the reference electrode layer 2 on the dielectric layer 1. For example, when there are multiple radiating structures 3, there are also multiple slots 21 on the corresponding reference electrode layer 2. In this case, the radiating structures 3 and the slots 21 are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence. It should be noted that in the disclosed embodiment, the reference electrode layer 2 may be a ground electrode layer, i.e., the potential written to the reference electrode layer 2 is the ground potential.

[0064] The radiating structure 3 includes a plurality of radiating portions arranged at intervals, each of which includes radiating elements 301 arranged at intervals. For example, the radiating portions in each radiating structure 3 include at least a first radiating portion 31 and a second radiating portion 32. In this case, the first radiating portion 31 and the second radiating portion 32 both include radiating elements 301 arranged at intervals. It should be noted that in the embodiments disclosed herein, each radiating portion is described as including two radiating elements 301 arranged at intervals. However, it should be understood that the number of radiating portions in each radiating portion is not limited to two and can be specifically set according to the performance requirements of the antenna.

[0065] The first microstrip line 4 and the second microstrip line 5 are both arranged on the second surface of the dielectric layer 1, and one first microstrip line 4 is configured to feed two radiating elements 301 in a first radiating portion 31.

[0066] The second microstrip line 5 is configured to feed two radiating elements 301 in one second radiating portion 32 , and the feeding directions of the first microstrip line 4 and the second microstrip line 5 are different.

[0067] For example, when there are multiple radiation structures 3, there are also multiple corresponding first radiation parts 31 and second radiation parts 32. In this case, the first microstrip line 4 can be set in a one-to-one correspondence with the first radiation part 31, and the second microstrip line 5 can be set in a one-to-one correspondence with the second radiation part 32. In some examples, the feeding direction of one of the first microstrip line 4 and the second microstrip line 5 is the vertical direction Y, and the feeding direction of the other is the horizontal direction X. It should be noted that the feeding direction of the first microstrip line 4 is the direction in which the input end of the first microwave signal is excited and fed into the first radiation part 31; the feeding direction of the second microwave line is the direction in which the input end of the second microwave signal is excited and fed into the second radiation part 32; and the horizontal direction X and the vertical direction Y are relative concepts, that is, when the feeding direction of the first microstrip line 4 is the vertical direction Y, the feeding direction of the second microstrip line 5 is the horizontal direction X, otherwise it is the opposite. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first microstrip line 4 is connected to the right side of the radiation structure 3 and its feeding direction is the vertical direction Y, and the second microstrip line 5 is connected to the bottom side of the radiation structure 3 and its feeding direction is the horizontal direction X.

[0068] Since in the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first radiating portion 31 and the second radiating portion 32 of the radiating structure 3 each include two radiating elements 301 arranged at intervals, and the two radiating elements 301 in the first radiating portion 31 are connected to a first microstrip line 4, and the two radiating elements 301 in the second radiating portion 32 are connected to a second microstrip line 5, that is, each radiating portion is fed in two through a feed line, thereby expanding the bandwidth and improving the antenna gain. At the same time, the feeding direction of the first microstrip line 4 is the vertical direction Y, that is, the horizontal polarization of the antenna is realized, and the feeding direction of the second microstrip line 5 is the horizontal direction X, that is, the vertical polarization of the antenna is realized. In other words, the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure is a dual-polarized antenna.

[0069] In some examples, such as Figure 1 As shown, dielectric layer 1 in the antenna includes, but is not limited to, flexible materials, such as polyimide (PI) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Alternatively, dielectric layer 1 may be glass-based. In some examples, when dielectric layer 1 is made of PET, its thickness is 250 μm and its dielectric constant is 3.34.

[0070] In some examples, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 As shown, the dielectric layer 1 in the antenna is a composite film layer, comprising a first sub-dielectric layer 11, a first adhesive layer 12, a second sub-dielectric layer 13, a second adhesive layer 14, and a third sub-dielectric layer 15, stacked in sequence. The reference electrode layer 2 is disposed on the side of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 facing away from the first adhesive layer 12, i.e., the side of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 facing away from the first adhesive layer 12 serves as the first surface of the dielectric layer 1. The radiating element 301 is disposed on the side of the third sub-dielectric layer 15 facing away from the second adhesive layer 14, i.e., the side of the second sub-dielectric layer 13 facing away from the second adhesive layer 14 serves as the second surface of the dielectric layer 1. In some examples, the first and third sub-dielectric layers 11, 15 are made of, but are not limited to, PI; the second sub-dielectric layer 13 is made of, but are not limited to, polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Both the first and second adhesive layers 12, 14 can be made of optically transparent adhesive (OCA).

[0071] In some examples, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 As shown, the dielectric layer 1 in this antenna is Figure 3The dielectric layer 1 of the antenna shown has the same structure, including a first sub-dielectric layer 11, a first adhesive layer 12, a second sub-dielectric layer 13, a second adhesive layer 14, and a third sub-dielectric layer 15, which are stacked in sequence. The reference electrode layer 2 is disposed on the side of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 near the first adhesive layer 12, i.e., the side of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 near the first adhesive layer 12 serves as the first surface of the dielectric layer 1. The radiating structure 3 is disposed on the side of the second sub-dielectric layer 13 near the second adhesive layer 14, i.e., the side of the second sub-dielectric layer 13 near the second adhesive layer 14 serves as the second surface of the dielectric layer 1. In some examples, the first sub-dielectric layer 11 and the third sub-dielectric layer 15 are made of, but not limited to, PI; the second sub-dielectric layer 13 is made of, but not limited to, polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Both the first adhesive layer 12 and the second adhesive layer 14 can be made of optically transparent adhesive (OCA).

[0072] In some examples, Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 5 As shown, the dielectric layer 1 in this antenna includes a first sub-dielectric layer 11, a first adhesive layer 12, and a second sub-dielectric layer 13, which are stacked. The surface of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 facing away from the first adhesive layer 12 serves as the first surface of the dielectric layer 1, that is, the reference electrode layer 2 is provided on the side of the first sub-dielectric layer facing away from the first adhesive layer 12. The surface of the second sub-dielectric layer 13 facing away from the first adhesive layer 12 serves as the second surface of the dielectric layer 1, that is, the radiating structure is provided on the side of the second sub-dielectric layer 13 facing away from the first adhesive layer 12. The material of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 includes polyimide, and the material of the second sub-dielectric layer 13 includes polyethylene terephthalate, or the material of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 includes polyethylene terephthalate, and the material of the second sub-dielectric layer 13 includes polyimide.

[0073] In some examples, continue to refer to Figure 1 The first radiating portion 31 and the second radiating portion 32 in the radiating structure 3 each include two spaced radiating elements 301. In this case, the first microstrip line 4 and the second microstrip line 5 each include one connecting portion and two branching portions, that is, the first microstrip line 4 and the second microstrip line 5 both adopt a one-to-two structure. In this case, the two branches of the first microstrip line 4 are respectively connected to the two radiating elements 301 in the first radiating portion 31, that is, the branches of the first microstrip line 4 are connected to the radiating elements 301 in the first radiating portion 31 in a one-to-one correspondence. Correspondingly, the two branches of the second microstrip line 5 are respectively connected to the two radiating elements 301 in the second radiating portion 32, that is, the two branches of the second microstrip line 5 are connected to the two radiating elements in the second radiating portion 32 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0074] Continue to refer to Figure 1The orthographic projections of the first microstrip line 4 and the second microstrip line 5 on the dielectric layer 1 at least partially overlap with the orthographic projections of the slots on the reference electrode layer 2 on the dielectric layer 1, and the orthographic projections of the branches of the first microstrip line 4 and the second microstrip line on the dielectric layer 1 are both located within the orthographic projections of the slots on the reference electrode layer 2 on the dielectric layer 1. This arrangement allows for adjustment of the radiation direction of microwave signals.

[0075] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, a slot 21 and a radiating structure 3, as well as a first microstrip line 4 and a second microstrip line 5, are provided on the corresponding reference electrode layer 2 of the antenna, forming an antenna unit 10. In some examples, the length-to-width ratio of the antenna unit 10 is approximately 1:1, such as 1:0.8 to 1:1.25, and the length-to-thickness ratio is approximately 100:1 to 200:1. The shape of the slot 21 is the same as, or substantially the same as, the outline of the radiating structure 3. For example, if the slot 21 is rectangular, the outline of the radiating structure 3 is also rectangular. Figure 2 In the example, the slot 21 and the radiating structure 3 are both rectangular. In this case, each radiating structure 3 includes four radiating portions, which means that the radiating structure 3 includes not only the first radiating portion 31 and the second radiating portion 32, but also the third radiating portion 33 and the fourth radiating portion 34. For example, the third radiating portion 33 is arranged opposite the first radiating portion 31, and the fourth radiating portion 34 is arranged opposite the second radiating portion 32. The outline of each radiating portion is triangular, and each radiating element 301 is also a triangular sheet-like structure. In other words, each radiating structure 3 is composed of eight triangular sheet-like radiating elements 301. Continuing with reference to 1, the eight triangular sheet-like radiating elements 301 in each radiating structure 3 are spaced apart to define a "M"-shaped opening. The two horizontally arranged triangular sheet-like radiating elements 301 are connected to the first microstrip line 4, and the two vertically arranged triangular sheet-like radiating elements 301 are connected to the second microstrip line 5. The feeding end 41 of the first microstrip line 4 corresponds to horizontal polarization, and the feeding end 51 of the second microstrip line 5 corresponds to vertical polarization. In some examples, the spacing between two radiating elements 301 in each radiating portion is d1, and the spacing between adjacent radiating portions in each radiating structure 3 is d2, where d2>d1. This configuration is because the first microstrip line 4 and the second microstrip line 5 have different feeding directions. By properly setting the spacing between the radiating portions, mutual influence between the feed lines of the two polarization directions can be avoided.

[0076] Figure 6 for Figure 2 The S of the feeding end 41 of the first microstrip line 4 and the feeding end 51 of the second microstrip line 5 of the antenna unit 10 are shown. 11Parameter curve diagram, wherein the impedance bandwidth of the feeding end 41 of the first microstrip line 4 and the feeding end 51 of the second microstrip line 5 are both 1.5GHz (3-4.5GHz, S 11 <-10dB) / 1.5GHz(3-4.5GHz,S 11 <-6dB), the center frequency is 3.82GHz, such as Figure 6 As shown in m1 and m2. Figure 7a for Figure 2 The plane radiation pattern obtained by exciting the feeding end 41 of the first microstrip line 4 of the antenna unit 10 at f = 3.75 GHz; Figure 7a As shown, at a frequency of 3.75 GHz, the gain (0° / 90°) of the antenna unit 10 excited by the feeding end 41 of the first microstrip line 4 is 3.37 dBi / -6.12 dBi, and the half-power beam width is 92° / 74°; Figure 7b for Figure 2 The plane radiation pattern obtained by exciting the feeding end 51 of the second microstrip line 5 of the antenna unit 10 at f = 3.75 GHz is as shown in FIG. Figure 7b As shown, the gain (0° / 90°) of the antenna unit 10 excited by the feeding end 51 of the second microstrip line 5 is -6.10 dBi / 3.35 dBi, and the half-power lobe width is 92° / 74°.

[0077] In some examples, Figure 8 Schematic diagram of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 8 As shown, the antenna includes the aforementioned four antenna elements 10, and also includes a first feed structure 6 and a second feed structure 7. The ratio of the width of the antenna elements 10 to the distance between adjacent antenna elements 10 is approximately 2:1, such as 1.9:0.95 to 1.8:0.85. The first feed structure 6 and the second feed structure 7 are both located on the second surface of the dielectric layer 1. The first feed structure 6 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first microstrip line 4 on the dielectric layer 1 and is configured to feed the first microstrip line 4. The second feed structure 7 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second microstrip line 5 on the dielectric layer 1 and is configured to feed the second microstrip line 5. In one example, the first microstrip line 4 and the first feed structure 6 are disposed on the same layer. In this case, the first microstrip line 4 and the first feed structure 6 are directly electrically connected. The second microstrip line 5 and the second feed structure 7 are disposed on the same layer. In this case, the second microstrip line 5 and the second feed structure 7 are directly electrically connected. Of course, the first microstrip line 4 and the first feeding structure 6 can also be arranged in layers, in which case the first feeding structure 6 feeds the first microstrip line 4 by coupling; correspondingly, the second microstrip line 5 and the second feeding structure 7 are arranged in layers, in which case the second feeding structure 7 feeds the second microstrip line 5 by coupling.

[0078] In one example, when the number of the grooves 21 on the reference electrode layer 2 is 2 n The number of radiating structures 3 is also 2 n At the same time, the first feeding structure 6 includes n-level third microstrip lines 61 , and the second feeding structure 7 includes n-level fourth microstrip lines 71 . Among them, a third microstrip line 61 located at the first level connects two adjacent first microstrip lines 4, and different third microstrip lines 61 located at the first level connect to different first microstrip lines 4; a third microstrip line 61 located at the mth level connects two adjacent third microstrip lines 61 located at the m-1th level, and different third microstrip lines 61 located at the mth level connect to different third microstrip lines 61 located at the m-1th level; a fourth microstrip line 71 located at the first level connects two adjacent second microstrip lines 5, and different fourth microstrip lines 71 located at the first level connect to different second microstrip lines 5; a fourth microstrip line 71 located at the mth level connects two adjacent fourth microstrip lines 71 located at the m-1th level, and different fourth microstrip lines 71 located at the mth level connect to different fourth microstrip lines 71 located at the m-1th level; wherein, n≥2, 2≤m≤n, and m and n are both integers.

[0079] by Figure 8 Taking the antenna shown in as an example, the antenna includes four radiating structures 3, where n is 2, that is, the first feeding structure 6 includes two stages and three third microstrip lines 61, and the second feeding structure 7 includes two stages and three fourth microstrip lines 71. Among them, one third microstrip line 61 located in the first stage connects the feeding ends 41 of the first and second first microstrip lines 4 from left to right, and another third microstrip line 61 connects the feeding ends 41 of the third and fourth first microstrip lines 4 from left to right; the third microstrip line 61 located in the second stage connects the feeding ends of the two third microstrip lines 61 of the first stage. Similarly, a fourth microstrip line 71 located at the first level connects the feeding ends 51 of the first and second second microstrip lines 5 from left to right, and another fourth microstrip line 71 connects the feeding ends 51 of the third and fourth second microstrip lines 5 from left to right. The fourth microstrip line 71 located at the second level connects the feeding ends of the two fourth microstrip lines 71 of the first level. In this case, the feeding end of the third microstrip line 61 located at the second level in the first feeding structure 6 (that is, the feeding end 62 of the first feeding structure 6) corresponds to horizontal polarization, and the feeding end of the fourth microstrip line 71 located at the second level in the second feeding structure 7 (that is, the feeding end 72 of the second feeding structure 7) corresponds to vertical polarization.

[0080] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The S of the feeding end 62 of the first feeding structure 6 and the feeding end 72 of the second feeding structure 7 of the antenna shown in FIG. 11Parameter curve diagram, wherein the impedance bandwidth of the feeding end 62 of the first feeding structure 6 is 1.08GHz (3.42-4.5GHz, S11<-10dB) / 1.5GHz (3-4.5GHz, S11<-6dB), as shown Figure 9 As shown in m3, the impedance bandwidth of the feeding end 72 of the second feeding structure 7 is 1.5 GHz (3-4.5 GHz, S11 <-10 dB) / 1.5 GHz (3-4.5 GHz, S11 <-6 dB), as shown in FIG. Figure 9 As shown in m4. Figure 10a for Figure 8 The plane radiation pattern obtained by exciting the feeding end 62 of the first feeding structure 6 of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 at f = 3.75 GHz; Figure 10a As shown, the gain (0° / 90°) of the antenna unit 10 excited by the feeding end 62 of the first feeding structure 6 is 8.90 dBi / -2.23 dBi, and the half-power beamwidth is 67° / 19°. Figure 10b for Figure 8 The plane radiation pattern obtained by exciting the feeding end 72 of the second feeding structure 7 of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 at f = 3.75 GHz; Figure 10b As shown, at a frequency of 3.75 GHz, the gain (0° / 90°) of the antenna unit 10 excited by the feeding end 72 of the second feeding structure 7 is -4.37 dBi / 9.21 dBi, and the half-power beamwidth is 17° / 64°.

[0081] In some examples, Figure 11 FIG. 1 is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. Figure 11 As shown, this antenna structure is Figure 8 The antenna structure shown is roughly the same, the difference is that the antenna units 11 of this type of antenna are larger than those of Figure 8 The antenna unit 10 of the antenna is rotated 45° as a whole. Specifically, the reference electrode layer 2 of the antenna includes a main body 22, a first branch 23 and a second branch 24, and the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 are respectively connected to both sides of the length direction of the main body 22, and the antenna also includes a fifth microstrip line 8 connected to the feeding end 62 of the first feeding structure 6, and a sixth microstrip line 9 connected to the feeding end 72 of the second feeding structure 7; the orthographic projection of the fifth microstrip line 8 on the dielectric layer 1 is located within the orthographic projection of the first branch 23 on the dielectric layer 1; the orthographic projection of the sixth microstrip line 9 on the dielectric layer 1 is located within the orthographic projection of the second branch 24 on the dielectric layer 1; the wide perpendicular bisector of the main body 22 coincides with a diagonal line of the dielectric layer 1; the extension direction of the fifth microstrip line 8 and the extension direction of the sixth microstrip line 9 are perpendicular to each other, and both have an angle of 45° with the diagonal line of the dielectric layer 1. With Figure 11As shown in the example, the feeding end of the fifth microstrip line 8 corresponds to +45° polarization, and the feeding end of the sixth microstrip line 9 corresponds to -45° polarization. In other words, Figure 11 The antenna shown can achieve ±45° polarization.

[0082] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The S of the feeding end of the fifth microstrip line 8 and the feeding end of the sixth microstrip line 9 of the antenna unit 10 are shown. 11 Parameter curve diagram, wherein the impedance bandwidth of the feeding end of the fifth microstrip line 8 and the feeding end of the sixth microstrip line 9 are both 1.5GHz (3-4.5GHz, S 11 <-10dB) / 1.5GHz(3-4.5GHz,S 11 <-6dB), such as Figure 12 As shown in m5 and m6. Figure 13a for Figure 11 The plane radiation pattern obtained by exciting the feeding end of the fifth microstrip line 8 of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 at f = 3.75 GHz; Figure 13a As shown, the gain (-45° / 45°) of the antenna unit 10 obtained by exciting the feeding end of the fifth microstrip line 8 is -3.77 dBi / 8.26 dBi, and the half-power lobe width is 70° / 15°. Figure 13b 10 is the plane radiation pattern obtained by exciting the feeding end of the sixth microstrip line 9 of the antenna at f = 3.75 GHz; Figure 13b As shown, at a frequency of 3.75 GHz, the gain (-45° / 45°) of the antenna unit 10 excited by the feeding end of the sixth microstrip line 9 is 9.50 dBi / -7.48 dBi, and the half-power lobe width is 17° / 62°.

[0083] In some examples, Figure 14 FIG. 1 is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. Figure 14 As shown, the structure of the antenna is Figure 2 The structures of the antennas shown are substantially the same, the only difference being the structure of the reference electrode layer 2. Specifically, Figure 14The antenna shown can be divided into a radiation zone Q1 and feed zones Q21 and Q22; wherein, the radiation structure 3 is located in the radiation zone Q1, the first feed structure 6 is located in the feed zone Q21, and the second feed structure 7 is located in the feed zone Q22. The reference electrode layer includes not only a slot 21 located in the radiation zone but also auxiliary slots 22 located in the feed zones Q21 and Q22, and the auxiliary slots 22 do not overlap with the orthographic projections of the first feed structure 6 and the second feed structure 7 on the dielectric layer 1. In addition, the outer contour of the reference electrode layer 2 located in the feed zone Q21 is the same as the outer contour of the first feed structure 6, and the outer contour of the reference electrode layer 2 located in the feed zone Q22 is the same as the outer contour of the second feed structure 7. By providing the auxiliary slots 22, not only can the optical transmittance of the antenna be improved, but the radiation direction of the microwave signal can also be changed. It should be noted that the total area of ​​the radiation slots 22 on the reference electrode layer can be as large as possible, as long as the orthographic projection of the reference electrode layer 2 on the dielectric layer 1 overlaps and covers the orthographic projections of the first feeding unit 6 and the second feeding unit 7 on the dielectric layer 1.

[0084] In some examples, the materials of the reference electrode layer 2 , the first microstrip line 4 , the second microstrip line 5 , the third microstrip line 61 , the fourth microstrip line 71 , the fifth ground microstrip line, the sixth microstrip line 9 and the radiation element 301 include but are not limited to aluminum or copper.

[0085] In summary, the antenna in the embodiment of the present disclosure is mainly aimed at 5G base station communications and mobile communication applications in the n77 (3.3-4.2GHz) and n78 (3.3-3.8GHz) frequency bands. It adopts a M-shaped slot rectangular radiation structure 3-rectangular slot-two-way symmetrical merged feeder design, combined with the use of a transparent flexible substrate, so that the antenna unit 10 and the array have the technical characteristics of wide bandwidth, high gain, miniaturization, dual polarization, partial transparency and easy conformality.

[0086] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an antenna, which can be used to manufacture the above-mentioned antenna. The manufacturing method of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the following steps: S1, providing a dielectric layer 1.

[0087] The dielectric layer 1 may be a flexible substrate or a glass substrate, and step S1 may include a step of cleaning the dielectric layer 1 .

[0088] S2, forming a reference electrode layer 2 on the first surface of the dielectric layer 1 by a patterning process, wherein a groove 21 is formed in the reference electrode layer 2.

[0089] In some examples, step S2 may specifically include: depositing a first metal film on the first surface of the dielectric layer 1 using a method including but not limited to magnetron sputtering, then coating, exposing, developing, and then wet etching, and stripping after etching to form a pattern including the reference electrode layer 2.

[0090] S3. Forming a pattern including a radiation structure 3, a first microstrip line 4, and a second microstrip line 5 on the second surface of the dielectric layer 1 by a patterning process. The orthographic projection of one radiation structure 3 on the dielectric layer 1 is within the orthographic projection of the slot 21 on the dielectric layer 1.

[0091] Among them, the radiation structure 3 is Figure 2 In the structure shown, the radiating structure 3 includes a plurality of radiating portions arranged at intervals, each of which includes radiating elements 301 arranged at intervals. For example, the radiating portions in each radiating structure 3 include at least a first radiating portion 31 and a second radiating portion 32. In this case, the first radiating portion 31 and the second radiating portion 32 both include radiating elements 301 arranged at intervals. It should be noted that in the embodiments disclosed herein, each radiating portion is described as including two radiating elements 301 arranged at intervals. However, it should be understood that the number of radiating portions in each radiating portion is not limited to two and can be specifically set according to the performance requirements of the antenna.

[0092] Of course, in some examples, the radiation element 301 and the first microstrip line 4 and the second microstrip line 5 may also be prepared in two patterning processes.

[0093] In some examples, step S3 may specifically include depositing a second metal film on the first surface of the dielectric layer 1 using a method including but not limited to magnetron sputtering, then coating with glue, exposing, developing, and then wet etching. After etching, stripping the glue to form a pattern including the radiation structure 3, the first microstrip line 4 and the second microstrip line 5.

[0094] It should be noted here that the preparation order of the above steps S2 and S3 can be interchanged, that is, the radiation structure 3, the first microstrip line 4 and the second microstrip line 5 can be formed on the second surface of the dielectric layer 1, and then the reference electrode layer 2 is formed on the first surface of the dielectric layer 1, all of which are within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0095] In some examples, such as Figure 3As shown, the dielectric layer 1 in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first sub-dielectric layer 11, a first bonding layer 12, a second sub-dielectric layer 13, a second bonding layer 14, and a third sub-dielectric layer 15 stacked in sequence, wherein the surface of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 facing away from the first bonding layer 12 serves as the first surface of the dielectric layer 1, and the surface of the third sub-dielectric layer 15 facing away from the second bonding layer 14 serves as the second surface of the dielectric layer 1, that is, the reference electrode layer 2 is formed on the side of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 facing away from the first bonding layer 12, and the radiation structure 3, the first microstrip line 4, and the second microstrip line 5 are formed on the side of the third sub-dielectric layer 15 facing away from the second bonding layer 14. Of course, as Figure 4 As shown, the reference electrode layer 2 can also be formed on the side of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 close to the first bonding layer 12, and the radiation structure 3, the first microstrip line 4 and the second microstrip line 5 can also be formed on the side of the third sub-dielectric layer 15 close to the second bonding layer 14.

[0096] In addition, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna structure not only includes the dielectric layer 1, reference electrode layer 2, radiation structure 3, first microstrip line 4 and second microstrip line 5 formed above, but also may include first feeding structure 6 and second feeding structure 7 formed on the second surface of the dielectric layer 1, and other components, which will not be described one by one here.

[0097] It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments for illustrating the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna, comprising: The dielectric layer has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; A reference electrode layer is provided on the first surface of the dielectric layer, and the reference electrode layer has at least one groove; At least one radiating structure is disposed on the second surface of the dielectric layer, and an orthographic projection of one of the radiating structures on the dielectric layer is located within an orthographic projection of one of the slots on the dielectric layer; wherein the radiating structure includes a plurality of radiating portions disposed at intervals; each of the radiating portions includes radiating elements disposed at intervals; and the plurality of radiating portions in any of the radiating structures include at least a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion; At least one first microstrip line and at least one second microstrip line are provided on the second surface of the dielectric layer; one of the first microstrip lines is configured to feed the radiating element in one of the first radiating portions, and one of the second microstrip lines is configured to feed the radiating element in one of the second radiating portions, and a feeding direction of the first microstrip line is different from a feeding direction of the second microstrip line; The antenna further includes a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure, wherein the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are both located on the second surface of the dielectric layer, and the first feeding structure at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the first microstrip line on the dielectric layer, and the second feeding structure at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the second microstrip line on the dielectric layer; The antenna is divided into a feeding area and a radiation area; the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are located in the feeding area; the radiation structure is located in the radiation area; the reference electrode layer further has at least one auxiliary slot located in the feeding area; the auxiliary slot has no overlap with the orthographic projections of the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure on the dielectric layer; the outer contour of the reference electrode layer located in the feeding area is the same as the outer contour of the first feeding structure, and the outer contour of the reference electrode layer located in the feeding area is the same as the outer contour of the second feeding structure.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein A feeding direction of one of the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line is a vertical direction, and a feeding direction of the other is a horizontal direction.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The first radiating portion and the second radiating portion each include two radiating elements arranged at intervals; the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line each include a connecting portion and two branch portions connected to the connecting portion; the two branches of the first microstrip line are respectively connected to the two radiating elements in the first radiating portion; the two branches of the second microstrip line are respectively connected to the two radiating elements in the second radiating portion.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein The first microstrip line and the second microstrip line at least partially overlap with the orthographic projection of the slot on the dielectric layer; and the orthographic projections of the two branches of the first microstrip line and the two branches of the second microstrip line on the dielectric layer are both located within the orthographic projection of the slot on the dielectric layer.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The multiple radiation parts in the radiation structure further include: a third radiation part and a fourth radiation part; the third radiation part is arranged opposite to the first radiation part, and the fourth radiation part is arranged opposite to the second radiation part. The antenna according to claim 5 , wherein: The radiation element has a triangular sheet structure. The first radiation part, the second radiation part, the third radiation part, and the fourth radiation part each include two radiation elements arranged at intervals, and each radiation element in the radiation structure forms a 'M'-shaped opening.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The outline of the radiation structure is rectangular, and the slot is a rectangular slot.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: In each radiation structure, the spacing between the radiation portions is greater than the spacing between the radiation elements.

9. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The first feeding structure is electrically connected to the first microstrip line; and the second feeding structure is electrically connected to the second microstrip line.

10. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The number of the slots is 2 n The first feeding structure includes n-level third microstrip lines, and the second feeding structure includes n-level fourth microstrip lines; One of the third microstrip lines located at the first level connects two adjacent first microstrip lines, and different third microstrip lines located at the first level connect to different first microstrip lines; One of the third microstrip lines at the mth level connects two adjacent third microstrip lines at the m-1th level, and different third microstrip lines at the mth level connect to different third microstrip lines at the m-1th level; One of the fourth microstrip lines located at the first level connects two adjacent second microstrip lines, and different fourth microstrip lines located at the first level connect to different second microstrip lines; A fourth microstrip line at the mth level connects two adjacent fourth microstrip lines at the m-1th level, and different fourth microstrip lines at the mth level connect different fourth microstrip lines at the m-1th level; wherein n≥2, 2≤m≤n, and m and n are both integers.

11. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The reference electrode layer includes a main body, a first branch, and a second branch; the first branch and the second branch are respectively connected to both sides of the main body in the length direction; the antenna also includes a fifth microstrip line and a sixth microstrip line; the fifth microstrip line is connected to the first feeding structure, and its orthographic projection on the dielectric layer is located within the orthographic projection of the first branch on the dielectric layer; The sixth microstrip line is connected to the second feeding structure, and its orthographic projection on the dielectric layer is located within the orthographic projection of the second branch on the dielectric layer; The perpendicular midline of the width of the main body coincides with a diagonal line of the dielectric layer; The extending direction of the fifth microstrip line and the extending direction of the sixth microstrip line are perpendicular to each other, and the angle between the fifth microstrip line and the diagonal line of the dielectric layer is 45°.

12. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The dielectric layer includes a first sub-dielectric layer, a first bonding layer, a second sub-dielectric layer, a second bonding layer and a third sub-dielectric layer which are stacked. The surface of the first sub-dielectric layer facing away from the first bonding layer serves as the first surface of the dielectric layer, and the surface of the third sub-dielectric layer facing away from the second dielectric layer serves as the second surface of the dielectric layer.

13. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The dielectric layer includes a first sub-dielectric layer, a first bonding layer, a second sub-dielectric layer, a second bonding layer and a third sub-dielectric layer arranged in a stacked manner. The surface of the first sub-dielectric layer close to the first bonding layer serves as the first surface of the dielectric layer, and the surface of the third sub-dielectric layer close to the second bonding layer serves as the second surface of the dielectric layer.

14. The antenna according to claim 12 or 13, wherein: The first sub-dielectric layer and the third sub-dielectric layer are both made of polyimide; the second sub-dielectric layer is made of polyethylene terephthalate.

15. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The dielectric layer includes a first sub-dielectric layer, a first bonding layer, and a second sub-dielectric layer that are stacked, wherein a surface of the first sub-dielectric layer facing away from the first bonding layer serves as a first surface of the dielectric layer, and a surface of the second sub-dielectric layer facing away from the first bonding layer serves as a second surface of the dielectric layer; The material of the first sub-dielectric layer includes polyimide, and the material of the second sub-dielectric layer includes polyethylene terephthalate, or The material of the first sub-dielectric layer includes polyethylene terephthalate, and the material of the second sub-dielectric layer includes polyimide.

16. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The dielectric layer is a single-layer structure, and its material includes polyimide or polyethylene terephthalate.

17. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: There are multiple slots, and the multiple slots are arranged side by side, and the intervals between adjacent slots are equal.

18. A method for preparing an antenna, comprising: providing a dielectric layer; forming a pattern including a reference electrode layer on the first surface of the dielectric layer by a patterning process; wherein a groove is formed in the reference electrode layer; A pattern comprising at least one radiating structure, at least one first microstrip line, and at least one second microstrip line is formed on the second surface of the dielectric layer by a patterning process; wherein the orthographic projection of a radiating structure on the dielectric layer is within the orthographic projection of the slot on the dielectric layer; the radiating structure comprises a plurality of radiating portions arranged at intervals; any of the radiating portions comprises radiating elements arranged at intervals; the plurality of radiating portions in any of the radiating structures comprises at least a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion; one of the first microstrip lines is configured to be fed by the radiating element in one of the first radiating portions, and one of the second microstrip lines is configured to be fed by the radiating element in one of the second radiating portions, and the feeding direction of the first microstrip line is different from the feeding direction of the second microstrip line; The method also includes: forming a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure on the second surface of the dielectric layer by a patterning process, the first feeding structure at least partially overlapping with the orthographic projection of the first microstrip line on the dielectric layer, and the second feeding structure at least partially overlapping with the orthographic projection of the second microstrip line on the dielectric layer; the antenna is divided into a feeding area and a radiation area; the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are located in the feeding area; the radiation structure is located in the radiation area; the reference electrode layer further has at least one auxiliary slot located in the feeding area; the auxiliary slot has no overlap with the orthographic projections of the first and second feeding structures on the dielectric layer; the outer contour of the reference electrode layer located in the feeding area is the same as the outer contour of the first feeding structure, and the outer contour of the reference electrode layer located in the feeding area is the same as the outer contour of the second feeding structure.

19. The method for preparing an antenna according to claim 18, wherein: The dielectric layer comprises a first sub-dielectric layer, a first bonding layer, a second sub-dielectric layer, a second bonding layer and a third sub-dielectric layer which are stacked in sequence; The reference electrode layer is formed on a side of the first sub-dielectric layer away from the first bonding layer; and the radiation structure is formed on a side of the third sub-dielectric layer away from the second bonding layer.

20. The method for preparing an antenna according to claim 18, wherein: The dielectric layer comprises a first sub-dielectric layer, a first bonding layer, a second sub-dielectric layer, a second bonding layer and a third sub-dielectric layer which are stacked in sequence; The reference electrode layer is formed on a side of the first sub-dielectric layer close to the first bonding layer; and the radiation structure is formed on a side of the third sub-dielectric layer close to the second bonding layer.

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