Steelmaking electric furnace fume explosion-proof dust removal system and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a steelmaking electric furnace smoke explosion-proof dust removal system, comprising an inert gas storage tank, an inert gas preheater, and a settling chamber for dust removal, wherein the inlet of the settling chamber is connected to a smoke delivery pipeline for delivering high-temperature electric furnace smoke, the inert gas preheater comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the smoke delivery pipeline is provided with a smoke bypass pipeline connected to the lower cavity inlet, the lower cavity outlet is connected to the smoke pipeline after the waste heat boiler, the upper cavity inlet is connected to the inert gas storage tank, the upper cavity outlet is connected to the settling chamber, in the inert gas preheater, the high-temperature electric furnace smoke and the inert gas are heat exchanged, the lower area in the settling chamber is a dust accumulation layer, a dust concentration sensor for monitoring the dust concentration in the settling chamber is provided on the upper inner wall of the settling chamber, and a smoke outlet connected to the waste heat boiler is provided on the top of the settling chamber. The present invention also provides a method for using the steelmaking electric furnace smoke explosion-proof dust removal system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of steelmaking electric furnace fume waste heat recovery, and in particular to a steelmaking electric furnace fume explosion-proof dust removal system and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the future, the proportion of short-process electric furnace steelmaking in my country's steel industry will gradually increase. Short-process electric furnace steelmaking uses scrap steel as raw material. During the smelting process, a large amount of high-temperature dusty flue gas will be generated, which has great potential for waste heat recovery. Many domestic steel mills have carried out waste heat recovery transformation on electric furnace flue gas, passing the electric furnace flue gas into the waste heat boiler, using the sensible heat of the flue gas to generate water vapor and then drive the steam turbine to generate electricity. The electric furnace flue gas waste heat utilization system is mainly composed of a settling chamber, a quenching tower, a waste heat boiler, a bag filter, an induced draft fan, a chimney, etc. The waste heat recovery and utilization of electric furnace flue gas can effectively improve the energy utilization efficiency of the electric furnace and reduce the energy consumption and carbon emissions of electric furnace steelmaking.

[0003] The flue gas of steelmaking electric furnace contains a large amount of smoke dust, and dust removal is required before the high-temperature flue gas enters the waste heat power generation system. However, since the smoke dust of electric furnace is mainly metal smoke volatilized during the heating process of scrap steel, it has the characteristics of small particles and high temperature. It often contains active metals such as iron, zinc, aluminum, manganese and their oxides. It is easy to form dust clouds when accumulated in the sedimentation chamber, and then deflagration occurs in the high-temperature oxygen-containing atmosphere, causing production safety accidents. How to safely and explosion-proof dust removal of electric furnace flue gas at high temperature is an issue that needs to be paid attention to in the future waste heat recovery of electric furnace flue gas. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problem that the dust collector before the existing steel-making electric furnace flue gas waste heat recovery link is prone to deflagration, the present invention provides a steel-making electric furnace flue gas explosion-proof dust removal system and a use method thereof, which can achieve effective explosion prevention without affecting the sensible heat recovery efficiency of high-temperature flue gas, so as to ensure the safe operation of the flue gas waste heat recovery system.

[0005] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0006] The invention provides an explosion-proof dust removal system for steelmaking electric furnace flue gas, comprising an inert gas storage tank, an inert gas preheater, and a settling chamber for dust removal, wherein the inlet of the settling chamber is connected with a flue gas conveying pipeline for conveying high-temperature electric furnace flue gas, the inert gas preheater comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the flue gas conveying pipeline is provided with a flue gas bypass pipeline connected with the inlet of the lower cavity, the outlet of the lower cavity is connected with the flue gas pipeline after the waste heat boiler, the inlet of the upper cavity is connected with the inert gas storage tank, the outlet of the upper cavity is connected with the settling chamber, in the inert gas preheater, the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas exchanges heat with the inert gas, the lower area in the settling chamber is a dust accumulation layer, a dust concentration sensor for monitoring the dust concentration in the settling chamber is provided on the upper inner wall of the settling chamber, and a flue gas outlet connected with the waste heat boiler is provided on the top of the settling chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, a plurality of heat pipes for storing heat fluid inside are provided in the inert gas preheater, and the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas and the inert gas are heat exchanged through the heat pipes, and each of the heat pipes runs through the upper cavity and the lower cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, a spark arrester is provided at the inlet of the smoke conveying duct.

[0009] Furthermore, an explosion relief valve is installed on the top of the sedimentation chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, a ash discharge valve is installed at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the flue gas bypass pipe is provided with a quick-cut valve, the inert gas storage tank is provided with a gas storage tank switch, and the quick-cut valve and the gas storage tank switch are both electrically connected to the dust concentration sensor.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for using a steelmaking electric furnace fume explosion-proof dust removal system, which is characterized by comprising:

[0013] S1. After the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas is discharged from the secondary combustion chamber, it is transported to the settling chamber through the flue gas pipeline for dust removal. Under the action of gravity, the dust in the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas is separated from the gas, and the dust settles to the bottom of the settling chamber. The high-temperature gas is sent to the waste heat boiler from the pipeline at the top of the settling chamber to generate electricity;

[0014] S2. When the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas flow rate increases, the dust concentration in the space above the dust layer in the settling chamber increases. When the dust concentration sensor detects that the dust concentration in the settling chamber has reached the explosion limit range, the quick-cut valve and the gas storage tank switch are controlled to open, and part of the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas enters the lower cavity of the inert gas preheater through the flue gas bypass pipe, and the inert gas in the inert gas storage tank enters the upper cavity of the inert gas preheater. The inert gas and the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas exchange heat in the inert gas preheater. The heated inert gas is blown into the settling chamber to dilute the dust and reduce the dust concentration. When the dust concentration sensor detects that the dust concentration in the settling chamber has dropped to a safe range, the quick-cut valve and the gas storage tank switch are controlled to close, and the cooled high-temperature electric furnace flue gas is discharged from the inert gas preheater and sent to the flue gas duct behind the waste heat boiler.

[0015] Furthermore, in S1, the quick-cut valve is initially closed, and the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber first passes through the spark arrester to remove the sparks brought out of the secondary combustion chamber in the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas, and then passes into the settling chamber.

[0016] Furthermore, in S2, the heat pipe in the inert gas preheater runs through the upper cavity and the lower cavity. The hot fluid in the heat pipe evaporates and gasifies when absorbing the heat of the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas in the lower cavity. The steam flows upward in the heat pipe, condenses and releases heat when it encounters cold in the upper cavity, and heats the inert gas. The condensed liquid then flows to the lower end of the heat pipe along the wall of the heat pipe by gravity, thereby realizing heat exchange between the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas and the inert gas.

[0017] Furthermore, in S2, if the dust explodes instantly, the explosion relief valve on the top of the settling chamber is opened to ensure the safety of the equipment.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention proposes an explosion-proof dust removal system for steelmaking electric furnace flue gas and a method of using the same, which can achieve effective explosion prevention without affecting the efficiency of sensible heat recovery and utilization of high-temperature flue gas. When the dust concentration in the settling chamber reaches the explosion limit, the dust concentration sensor controls the flue gas bypass pipeline and the inert gas storage tank valve to open, and the inert gas and the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas are passed into the inert gas preheater for heat exchange. The heated inert gas is blown into the settling chamber to dilute the dust, reducing the dust concentration to a safe range. In addition, a spark arrester is installed at the inlet pipeline of the dust removal system, and an explosion relief valve is installed at the top of the settling chamber, which is conducive to ensuring the safety of system operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a steelmaking electric furnace fume explosion-proof and dust removal system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Spark arrester; 2. Inert gas preheater; 3. Quick-cut valve; 4. Settling chamber; 5. Explosion relief valve; 6. Waste heat boiler; 7. Dust concentration sensor; 8. Ash discharge valve; 9. Inert gas storage tank; 10. Storage tank switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present invention provides an explosion-proof dust removal system for steelmaking electric furnace flue gas, comprising an inert gas storage tank 9, an inert gas preheater 2, and a settling chamber 4 for dust removal. The inlet of the settling chamber 4 is connected to a flue gas delivery pipeline for delivering high-temperature electric furnace flue gas. The inert gas preheater 2 comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity located below the upper cavity. The flue gas delivery pipeline is provided with a flue gas bypass pipeline connected to the inlet of the lower cavity. The outlet of the lower cavity is connected to the flue gas pipeline after the waste heat boiler 6. The inlet of the upper cavity is connected to the inert gas storage tank 9, an inert gas preheater 2, and a settling chamber 4 for dust removal. The inlet of the settling chamber 4 is connected to the flue gas delivery pipeline for delivering high-temperature electric furnace flue gas. The inert gas preheater 2 comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity located below the upper cavity. The flue gas delivery pipeline is provided with a flue gas bypass pipeline connected to the inlet of the lower cavity. The outlet of the lower cavity is connected to the flue gas pipeline after the waste heat boiler 6. The gas tank 9 is connected, and the upper cavity outlet is connected to the settling chamber 4. In the inert gas preheater 2, the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas exchanges heat with the normal temperature inert gas. The lower area in the settling chamber 4 is a dust accumulation layer (dust is the dust in the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas). A dust concentration sensor 7 for monitoring the dust concentration in the settling chamber is provided on the upper inner wall of the settling chamber 4. A flue gas outlet connected to the waste heat boiler 6 is provided on the top of the settling chamber 4. The flue gas that has been dedusted in the settling chamber 4 enters the conveying pipeline through the flue gas outlet on the top of the settling chamber 4, and then enters the waste heat boiler 6 to generate electricity.

[0025] The inert gas preheater 2 is provided with a plurality of heat pipes for storing hot fluids internally. The high-temperature electric furnace flue gas and the room-temperature inert gas are heat-exchanged through the heat pipes, and each of the heat pipes passes through the upper cavity and the lower cavity. A spark arrester 1 is provided at the entrance of the flue gas conveying pipeline to prevent sparks in the secondary combustion chamber from entering the settling chamber 4 along with the flue gas. An explosion relief valve 5 is installed on the top of the settling chamber 4. If the dust explodes instantly, the explosion relief valve 5 opens quickly to ensure the safety of the equipment. The settling chamber 4 adopts gravity dust removal technology, and a plurality of vertical baffles are provided on the top of the settling chamber 4 to improve the dust settling efficiency. An ash discharge valve 8 is installed at the bottom of the settling chamber 4, and quantitative and continuous discharge is performed when the dust accumulates to a fixed value.

[0026] The flue gas bypass pipe is provided with a quick-cut valve 3, and the inert gas storage tank 9 is provided with a gas storage tank switch 10. The quick-cut valve 3 and the gas storage tank switch 10 are electrically connected to the dust concentration sensor 7 through a controller. When the dust concentration sensor 7 detects that the dust concentration in the settling chamber reaches the explosion limit range, a feedback signal is given to the controller, and the controller controls the quick-cut valve 3 and the gas storage tank switch 10 to open. This part adopts the existing technology and will not be repeated here. The controller can be selected according to actual needs, and the quick-cut valve 3 and the gas storage tank switch 10 can also be opened manually.

[0027] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a method for using a steelmaking electric furnace fume explosion-proof dust removal system, comprising:

[0028] S1. After the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas is discharged from the secondary combustion chamber, it is transported to the settling chamber 4 through the flue gas pipeline for dust removal. Under the action of gravity, the dust in the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas is separated from the gas, and the dust settles to the bottom of the settling chamber 4. The high-temperature gas is passed from the pipeline at the top of the settling chamber 4 to the waste heat boiler 6 for power generation;

[0029] S2. When the flow rate of high-temperature electric furnace flue gas increases, the dust concentration in the space above the dust layer in the settling chamber 4 increases. When the dust concentration sensor 7 detects that the dust concentration in the settling chamber 4 reaches the explosion limit range, the quick-cut valve 3 and the gas tank switch 10 are controlled to open, and part of the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas enters the lower cavity of the inert gas preheater 2 through the flue gas bypass pipe, and the inert gas in the inert gas storage tank 9 enters the upper cavity of the inert gas preheater 2. The inert gas and the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas exchange heat in the inert gas preheater 2. The heated inert gas is blown into the settling chamber 4 to dilute the dust and reduce the dust concentration. When the dust concentration sensor 7 detects that the dust concentration in the settling chamber 4 drops to a safe range, the quick-cut valve 3 and the gas tank switch 10 are controlled to be closed.

[0030] In S1, the quick-cut valve 3 is initially in a closed state, and the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber first passes through the spark arrester 1 to remove the sparks brought out of the secondary combustion chamber in the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas, and then passes into the settling chamber 4.

[0031] In S2, the heat pipe in the inert gas preheater 2 runs through the upper cavity and the lower cavity. The hot fluid in the heat pipe evaporates and gasifies when absorbing the heat of the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas in the lower cavity. The steam flows upward in the heat pipe, condenses and releases heat when it encounters cold in the upper cavity, and heats the inert gas. The condensed liquid then flows to the lower end of the heat pipe along the wall of the heat pipe by gravity, thereby realizing heat exchange between the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas and the inert gas.

[0032] In S2, the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas after cooling is discharged from the inert gas preheater 2, and then passes through the pipeline into the dust removal device after the waste heat boiler 6 to avoid the influence of dust removal on the thermal efficiency of the waste heat boiler.

[0033] In S2, if the dust explodes instantly, the explosion relief valve 5 at the top of the settling chamber 4 is opened to ensure the safety of the equipment.

[0034] After the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas is discharged from the secondary combustion chamber, it is transported to the explosion-proof dust removal system proposed in the present invention through the flue gas pipeline for dust removal treatment, and then enters the waste heat boiler for power generation. The dust removal system is composed of a spark arrester 1, an inert gas preheater 2, a quick-cut valve 3, a settling chamber 4, an explosion relief valve 5, a dust concentration sensor 7 and an inert gas storage tank 9. The specific structure is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0035] The quick-cut valve 3 is initially closed. The high-temperature electric furnace flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber first passes through the spark arrester 1 to remove the sparks brought out from the secondary combustion chamber in the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas, and then enters the settling chamber 4. Under the action of gravity, the dust is separated from the gas and the dust settles to the bottom of the settling chamber 4, while the high-temperature gas is passed from the pipeline at the top of the settling chamber 4 to the waste heat boiler 6 for power generation. An ash discharge valve 8 is installed at the bottom of the settling chamber 4, and quantitative and continuous discharge is carried out when the dust accumulates to a fixed value.

[0036] When the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas flow rate increases, the dust concentration in the space above the dust layer in the settling chamber 4 increases. When the dust concentration sensor 7 detects that the dust concentration in the settling chamber 4 reaches the explosion limit range, the quick-cut valve 3 is controlled to open, and part of the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas enters the lower cavity of the inert gas preheater 2 through the flue gas bypass pipe. While heating, the gas tank switch 10 is turned on, and the inert gas enters the upper cavity of the inert gas preheater 2 to exchange heat with the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas. The heat pipe in the inert gas preheater 2 runs through the upper and lower cavities. The hot fluid in the heat pipe evaporates and gasifies when absorbing the heat of the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas at the lower end. The steam flows rapidly to the upper end under a small pressure difference, condenses and releases heat when it encounters cold at the upper end, heats the inert gas, and the condensed liquid flows to the lower end of the heat pipe along the pipe wall by gravity. In this way, the heat exchange between the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas and the inert gas is achieved. The heated inert gas is blown into the settling chamber 4. When the dust concentration sensor 7 detects that the dust concentration in the settling chamber 4 drops to a safe range, the quick-cut valve 3 is controlled to close and the gas tank switch 10 is closed. The high-temperature electric furnace flue gas after cooling is discharged from the inert gas preheater 2 and then passed through the pipeline to the dust removal device behind the waste heat boiler 6 to avoid the influence of dust removal on thermal efficiency. If the dust explodes instantly, the explosion relief valve 5 opens quickly to ensure the safety of the equipment.

[0037] In the current steelmaking electric furnace flue gas waste heat power generation project, the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas is only subjected to simple sedimentation and dust removal treatment before entering the waste heat boiler. The problem that the electric furnace dust contains a large amount of active metals and their oxides and is flammable and explosive at high temperatures is not taken into account, which poses a great safety hazard. The present invention proposes a steelmaking electric furnace flue gas explosion-proof dust removal system and a method of use thereof, which achieves effective explosion prevention without affecting the efficiency of sensible heat recovery and utilization of high-temperature flue gas. When the dust concentration in the settling chamber 4 reaches the explosion limit, the dust concentration sensor 7 controls the flue gas bypass pipeline and the inert gas storage tank 9 valve to open (that is, open the quick-cut valve 3 and the gas storage tank switch 10), and the inert gas and the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas are passed into the inert gas preheater 2 for heat exchange. The heated inert gas is blown into the settling chamber 4 to dilute the dust, so that the dust concentration drops to a safe range. In addition, a spark arrester 1 is installed at the inlet pipeline of the dust removal system, and an explosion relief valve 5 is installed at the top of the settling chamber 4, which is conducive to ensuring the safety of the system operation.

[0038] The high-temperature electric furnace flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber enters the steelmaking electric furnace flue gas explosion-proof dust removal system through a pipeline. A spark arrester 1 is installed at the entrance of the explosion-proof dust removal system to prevent sparks in the secondary combustion chamber from entering the explosion-proof dust removal system with the flue gas. The flue gas conveying pipeline is provided with an exhaust bypass (flue gas bypass pipeline) and is connected to the inert gas preheater 2. The inert gas preheater 2 adopts a gravity heat pipe heat exchange structure, which is divided into two upper and lower cavities, wherein the upper cavity inlet is connected to the inert gas storage tank 9, and the outlet is connected to the settling chamber 4, and the lower cavity inlet is connected to the exhaust bypass of the flue gas conveying pipeline, and the outlet is connected to the flue gas pipeline after the waste heat boiler 6. In the inert gas preheater 2, the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas and the normal temperature inert gas are heat exchanged through the heat pipe. The settling chamber 4 adopts gravity dust removal technology, and a vertical baffle is set on the top to improve the flue dust settling efficiency. The bottom is equipped with an ash discharge valve 8 to achieve quantitative and continuous unloading. An explosion relief valve 5 is installed on the top of the settling chamber 4. The flue gas after dust removal in the settling chamber 4 enters the conveying pipeline through the outlet of the settling chamber 4, and then enters the waste heat boiler 6 for power generation. The dust concentration sensor 7 is installed on the upper inner wall of the settling chamber 4 (higher than the maximum dust accumulation height in the settling chamber 4). When the dust concentration sensor 7 detects that the dust concentration in the settling chamber 4 reaches the explosion limit range, the quick-cut valve 3 is controlled to open, and part of the flue gas enters the lower cavity of the inert gas preheater 2 through the flue gas bypass pipeline. At the same time, the gas tank switch 10 is turned on, and the inert gas enters the upper cavity of the inert gas preheater 2 to exchange heat with the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas. The heated inert gas is blown into the settling chamber 4 to reduce the dust concentration in the settling chamber 4 to a safe range. The flue gas after heat exchange is passed through the pipeline to the dust removal device behind the waste heat boiler 6 to avoid the influence of dust removal on the thermal efficiency of the waste heat boiler. If the dust explodes instantly, the explosion relief valve 5 opens quickly to ensure the safety of the equipment.

[0039] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof dust removal system for steelmaking electric furnace flue gas, characterized in that: It includes an inert gas storage tank, an inert gas preheater, and a settling chamber for dust removal. The inlet of the settling chamber is connected to a flue gas conveying pipeline for conveying high-temperature electric furnace flue gas. The inert gas preheater adopts a gravity heat pipe heat exchange structure. The inert gas preheater includes an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The flue gas conveying pipeline is provided with a flue gas bypass pipeline connected to the inlet of the lower cavity. The outlet of the lower cavity is connected to the flue gas pipeline after the waste heat boiler. The inlet of the upper cavity is connected to the inert gas storage tank, and the outlet of the upper cavity is connected to the settling chamber. In the inert gas preheater, the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas exchanges heat with the inert gas. The lower area in the settling chamber is a dust accumulation layer. A dust concentration sensor for monitoring the dust concentration in the settling chamber is provided on the upper inner wall of the settling chamber. The top of the settling chamber is provided with The flue gas outlet is connected to the waste heat boiler. The flue gas that has passed through the dust removal in the settling chamber enters the conveying pipeline through the flue gas outlet on the top of the settling chamber, and then enters the waste heat boiler for power generation. The inert gas preheater is provided with a plurality of heat pipes for storing internal thermal fluid. The high-temperature electric furnace flue gas and the inert gas are heat exchanged through the heat pipes, and each of the heat pipes passes through the upper cavity and the lower cavity. A spark arrester is provided at the inlet of the flue gas conveying pipeline to prevent sparks in the secondary combustion chamber from entering the settling chamber with the flue gas. A quick-cut valve is provided on the flue gas bypass pipeline, and a gas tank switch is provided on the inert gas storage tank. The quick-cut valve and the gas tank switch are both electrically connected to the dust concentration sensor. When the dust concentration sensor detects that the dust concentration in the settling chamber reaches the explosion limit range, a feedback signal is given to the controller, and the controller controls the quick-cut valve and the gas tank switch to open.

2. The steelmaking electric furnace fume explosion-proof dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An explosion relief valve is installed on the top of the settling chamber. If the dust explodes instantly, the explosion relief valve will open quickly to ensure the safety of the equipment. The settling chamber adopts gravity dust removal technology, and a number of vertical baffles are installed on the top of the settling chamber to improve the smoke settling efficiency.

3. The steelmaking electric furnace fume explosion-proof dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust discharge valve is installed at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber, and when the dust accumulates to a fixed value, it is discharged quantitatively and continuously.

4. A method for using the steelmaking electric furnace fume explosion-proof dust removal system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include: S1. After the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas is discharged from the secondary combustion chamber, it is transported to the settling chamber through the flue gas pipeline for dust removal. Under the action of gravity, the dust in the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas is separated from the gas, and the dust settles to the bottom of the settling chamber. The high-temperature gas is sent to the waste heat boiler from the pipeline at the top of the settling chamber for power generation; the quick-cut valve is initially closed, and the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber first passes through the spark arrester to remove the sparks brought out from the secondary combustion chamber in the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas, and then passes into the settling chamber; S2. When the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas flow rate increases, the dust concentration in the space above the dust layer in the settling chamber increases. When the dust concentration sensor detects that the dust concentration in the settling chamber has reached the explosion limit range, the quick-cut valve and the gas tank switch are controlled to open, and part of the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas enters the lower cavity of the inert gas preheater through the flue gas bypass pipe, and the inert gas in the inert gas storage tank enters the upper cavity of the inert gas preheater. The inert gas and the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas exchange heat in the inert gas preheater. The heated inert gas is blown into the settling chamber to dilute the dust and reduce the dust concentration ... After the indoor dust concentration drops to a safe range, the quick-cut valve and the gas tank switch are controlled to be closed, and the cooled high-temperature electric furnace flue gas is discharged from the inert gas preheater and sent to the flue gas duct behind the waste heat boiler to avoid affecting the thermal efficiency of the waste heat boiler; the heat pipe in the inert gas preheater runs through the upper cavity and the lower cavity, and the hot fluid in the heat pipe evaporates and gasifies when absorbing the heat of the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas in the lower cavity, and the steam flows upward in the heat pipe, condenses and releases heat when it encounters cold in the upper cavity, heating the inert gas, and the condensed liquid flows to the lower end of the heat pipe along the wall of the heat pipe by gravity, realizing the heat exchange between the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas and the inert gas.

5. The method for using the steelmaking electric furnace fume explosion-proof dust removal system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S2, if the dust explodes instantly, open the explosion relief valve on the top of the settling chamber to ensure the safety of the equipment.

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