Simulation method for arch dam construction progress considering low temperature effects in high-altitude cold regions

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of concrete pouring technology. It aims to address the relatively low accuracy of existing arch dam construction progress simulations in high-altitude and cold regions. A method for simulating arch dam construction progress in high-altitude and cold regions that takes into account the impact of low temperatures is proposed. The method comprises the following steps: dividing the normal season into a low-temperature season based on ambient temperature; initializing simulation initial conditions and simulation parameters to establish a simulation clock sequence, wherein the simulation parameters include normal season simulation parameters and low-temperature season simulation parameters; determining whether the dam has been poured; if not, selecting castable dam blocks from the silo that meet preset constraints and determining the pouring order for each castable dam block; determining multiple cable crane deployment schemes for pouring each castable dam block, selecting the cable crane deployment scheme corresponding to the minimum cable crane clock, and pouring each castable dam block according to the pouring order. The present invention improves the simulation accuracy of high arch dam construction progress simulation and is particularly suitable for high-altitude and cold regions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of concrete pouring, and in particular to a method for simulating arch dam construction progress in cold regions taking into account the influence of low temperatures. Background Art

[0002] With the in-depth application of the Internet of Things in dam construction, massive production data can be obtained by installing sensing equipment in the one-stop links of concrete production, transportation and pouring, such as concrete mixing plants, concrete transport vehicles, cable cranes, leveling machinery, and vibrating machinery. Through big data analysis methods, the production patterns of concrete mixing plants, concrete transport vehicles, cable cranes, leveling machinery, and vibrating machinery can be analyzed and updated as the dam pouring progresses.

[0003] However, winter in high-altitude areas is extremely cold, dry, and windy, with large annual and daily temperature fluctuations, and the winter construction period is long. The concrete pouring of arch dams during the cold season is greatly affected, and construction may even be completely impossible. Arch dam projects are key to the entire hydropower project, and the construction period is tight. With the development of concrete insulation technology in cold seasons, the conditions for dam concrete construction in cold seasons have improved. However, the layers of dam concrete silos are usually thick and the concrete volume is large, so continuous pouring of single silos in winter is still not possible as in normal seasons. Without stopping work in winter, construction is carried out during high temperatures and stopped during low temperatures, forming a short-interval "thin layer" pouring mode of "one-time formwork and multiple pours", which is of great significance to ensuring the dam construction period.

[0004] Existing simulation methods for dam concrete construction progress do not fully consider the impact of low temperatures on concrete pouring in the actual engineering environment. They do not consider that the strength of concrete develops slowly in low temperatures and that formwork removal should be delayed. They do not consider the impact of decreased construction efficiency in low temperatures on the pouring duration. They also do not consider the impact of the short-interval "thin layer" pouring mode of "one-time formwork erection and multiple pourings" on changes in constraint rules and the impact of skip-bin and jump-block sorting, which leads to low simulation accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the existing dam concrete construction progress simulation method has relatively low simulation accuracy of arch dam construction progress in cold areas, and proposes an arch dam construction progress simulation method in cold areas that takes into account the influence of low temperature.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0007] The simulation method for arch dam construction progress considering the influence of low temperature in high-altitude cold regions includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Divide the normal season and the low temperature season according to the ambient temperature;

[0009] Step 2: Initialize the initial conditions of the simulation, which include at least the real-time pouring appearance of the dam blocks, the real-time appearance of the joint grouting, the dam block layering scheme, the joint grouting partition and grouting control parameters, mechanical equipment resources, the maximum number of bins allowed to be poured simultaneously, and the bin overlap ratio;

[0010] Step 3: Initialize simulation parameters and establish a simulation clock sequence. The simulation parameters include conventional season simulation parameters and low-temperature season simulation parameters. The conventional season simulation parameters include mechanical group operation parameters, warehouse surface preparation parameters, template parameters, and demolding time. The low-temperature season simulation parameters include mechanical group operation parameters, warehouse surface preparation parameters, demolding time, construction time interval in low-temperature season, warehouse opening time interval in low-temperature season, thin layer interval, and construction days in each month within the preset time period in low-temperature season.

[0011] Step 5: Determine whether the dam is cast. If so, terminate the simulation process. Otherwise, select castable dam blocks that meet preset constraints from the bin surface. The castable dam blocks include thin layers of dam blocks and newly cast dam blocks. Determine the first casting order of each thin layer of dam blocks based on the short pause duration of the cast thin layers of dam blocks, and determine the second casting order of each newly cast dam block based on the evaluation index and index characteristic value of each castable dam block.

[0012] Step 6. Determine multiple cable crane deployment plans for pouring each castable dam block, select the cable crane deployment plan corresponding to the minimum cable crane clock, and first pour the thin layer of each dam block according to the first pouring sequence, and then pour each newly poured dam block according to the second pouring sequence. After the pouring of each castable dam block is completed, perform joint grouting on the grouting area that meets the joint grouting requirements.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 3, the simulation clock sequence is based on days as the time period and seconds as the unit. The simulation clock advances in this sequence in the following steps:

[0014] Step A: Scan all casting machines to determine the global clock and the minimum clock of the cable crane used to cast each castable dam block;

[0015] Step B: Determine whether the simulation clock is within the time range corresponding to the low temperature season. If so, determine whether there are dam blocks that can be cast that meet the first constraint. Otherwise, determine whether there are dam blocks that can be cast that meet the second constraint, where the first constraint includes the construction condition of a thin layer of dam blocks.

[0016] Step C: Determine multiple cable crane deployment plans for pouring each pourable dam block. If the cable crane with the smallest clock is the cable crane in the corresponding cable crane deployment plan, use the smallest clock as the pouring start time; otherwise, use the smallest clock of the cable crane in the corresponding cable crane deployment plan as the pouring start time.

[0017] Step D: Determine whether the pouring start time is within the time range corresponding to the low temperature season. If not, proceed to step E. If so, determine whether the pouring start time is within the time interval for opening the warehouse in the low temperature season. If so, proceed to step E. Otherwise, proceed to step E after the simulation clock advances to the time interval for opening the warehouse in the low temperature season.

[0018] Step E: determining whether the pouring start time is a valid working time; if not, advancing the simulation clock to the next valid time period;

[0019] Step F, calculating the pouring duration of each castable dam block according to the season of the simulation clock, determining the pouring end time of each castable dam block according to the pouring start time and pouring duration of each castable dam block, judging whether the pouring end time is valid working time, and if not, judging whether the corresponding castable dam block is poured, and if not, recalculating the pouring start time;

[0020] Step G, recording the time corresponding to the pouring event of each pourable dam block, advancing the simulation clock, and performing statistics on the data of this cycle;

[0021] Step H: Determine whether the dam is poured. If so, end the simulation process; otherwise, proceed to step A.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 6, the method for determining multiple cable crane deployment schemes for pouring each pourable dam block includes:

[0023] Step 61: Establish a plane coordinate system with the cable crane main tower track as the vertical axis and one end point of the cable crane main tower track as the origin. Obtain the coordinates of the boundary point of the silo surface to be poured, the length z of the cable crane main tower, the coordinates of the end points of the cable crane main tower track [(0,0), (0,R)], and the minimum safe distance M of the cable cranes. Determine the length range B of the silo surface that can be poured by each cable crane within a preset time.

[0024] Step 62: Determine the total length L of the surface to be poured based on the coordinates of the boundary points of the surface to be poured. c , according to the length range B of the warehouse surface that can be poured by each cable crane within the preset time T and the total length L of the warehouse surface to be poured c Determine the required number of cable cranes k, divide the silo surface to be poured into multiple areas based on the required number of cable cranes k and the length range B of the silo surface that can be poured by the corresponding cable cranes, and determine the center line position C corresponding to the length range of the silo surface that can be poured by the corresponding cable cranes j ;

[0025] Step 63: Determine the range of the active length L of each cable crane based on the length z of the cable crane main tower, the coordinates of the endpoints of the cable crane main tower track [(0,0), (0,R)], and the minimum safe distance M between adjacent cable cranes.i ;

[0026] Step 64: According to the center line position C j And the active length range L of each cable crane i Determine the cable crane deployment plan.

[0027] Furthermore, in step 5, the method for determining the first pouring sequence of the dam block thin layer includes:

[0028] Step 511: Calculate the short pause duration of the thin layer of cast dam blocks using the following formula:

[0029] TBC(i)=T(ib)-TcBC(i);

[0030] Where TBC(i) is the short break time of the thin layer of dam blocks that have been poured, T(ib) is the current simulation clock time, and TcBC(i) is the pouring completion time of the thin layer of dam blocks that have been poured;

[0031] Step 512: Determine the first pouring order of the thin layer of dam blocks according to the short pause time of the poured thin layer. The formula is as follows:

[0032] F[m 0i ] = Ind[OBD(TBC(i))];

[0033] In the formula, F[m 0i ] is the first pouring order, OBD() is the sorting algorithm from large to small, and Ind[] is the algorithm for obtaining the arrangement order value.

[0034] Furthermore, in step 5, the method for determining the second pouring sequence of the newly poured dam blocks includes:

[0035] Step 521: Assume that the number of available casting surfaces is m, the number of evaluation indicators is n, and the characteristic value of the g-th evaluation indicator of the f-th dam block to be newly cast is k. fg , we can get the m×n indicator eigenvalue matrix K:

[0036]

[0037] Step 522: The characteristic value k of each evaluation index fg Perform normalization to obtain the normalized value x fg , according to the normalized value x fg Normalize the indicator eigenvalue matrix K to obtain the matrix X:

[0038]

[0039] Step 523: Perform weighted summation on each index characteristic value of each dam block to be newly poured, and obtain the comprehensive index F[f] of each dam block to be newly poured. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0040] F[f]=a1x f1 +a2x f2 +…+a n x fn ;

[0041] Where a1, a2, ..., a n is the weight value of each evaluation index, x f1 、x f2 ,…,x fn is the normalized value of each evaluation index;

[0042] The characteristic value k of each evaluation index fg Normalization processing includes:

[0043] For the evaluation indicators whose characteristic values ​​are larger, the better, the characteristic values ​​of the indicators are normalized:

[0044]

[0045] For the evaluation indicators whose characteristic values ​​are smaller, the better, the characteristic values ​​are normalized:

[0046]

[0047] Step 524: Determine the second pouring sequence according to the comprehensive indicators of each dam block to be newly poured.

[0048] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0049] Step 525: Adjust the second pouring sequence based on the overlap ratio of the dam block bunker surface and the principle of concrete balance in the bid section, or adjust the second pouring sequence based on the overlap ratio of the dam block bunker surface and the principle that no more than a preset number of dam blocks are continuously poured in the same bid section. The principle of concrete balance in the bid section includes:

[0050] Assume that the second pouring sequence of H new dam blocks needs to be adjusted. The dam has Y sections, and the concrete work volume of each section is W1, W2, ..., W Y , the current cumulative concrete work volume of each section is w1, w2, ..., w Y , the concrete volume of each dam block is w 1Y 、w 2Y 、…、w HY , then the concrete engineering quantity of each section meets the following requirements:

[0051] W1:W2:…:W Y ≈(w1+w 1Y):(w2+w 2Y ):…:(w Y +w HY )=1:(δ2+ε):…:(δ Y +ε);

[0052] Where δ is the ratio of the engineering quantities of different sections with Section 1 as the reference section, and ε is the adjustable error.

[0053] Furthermore, in step F, the pouring duration of each pourable dam block includes a first pouring duration corresponding to a normal season and a second pouring duration corresponding to a low temperature season; and a method for calculating the first pouring duration includes:

[0054] In normal season, the efficiency of the transport vehicle in the qth link conforms to the first distribution with a mean of t q , the first variance is σ q Normal distribution T CA =(t q ,σ q ), the cable car's operating speed in the oth link conforms to the second distribution with a mean of v o , the second variance is σ o Normal distribution V LA =(v o ,σ o ), the cable car unloading conforms to the third distribution with a mean of t xie , third-party difference σ xie Normal distribution T LAX =(t xie ,σ xie ), the cable machine waiting material conforms to the fourth distribution mean t da , the fourth variance σ da Normal distribution T LAD =(t da ,σ da ), the cable crane operation efficiency conforms to the fifth distribution with a mean of p nn , the fifth variance is σ nn The normal distribution p nn =(p nn ,σ nn ), nn is the number of machines that can cast dam blocks, then the time for each link of concrete storage is:

[0055] Assuming the number of transport vehicle links is Q, the time consumed by the i-th transport vehicle in a single cycle is:

[0056] Where, t qi is the first distribution mean of the link efficiency of the i-th transport vehicle in the q-th link, σ qiis the first variance of the operating efficiency of the i-th transport vehicle in the q-th link, q = 1, 2, …, Q;

[0057] Assuming the number of links in the cable crane is O, the time consumed by a single cycle of the i-th cable crane is:

[0058] Where S oi is the running distance of the i-th cable car in the o-th link, v oi is the second distribution mean of the operating speed of the i-th cable car at the o-th link, o = 1, 2, ..., O, t xiei is the third distribution mean of the i-th cable crane unloading, t dai is the mean of the fourth distribution of materials waiting for the i-th cable crane;

[0059] The time it takes for the i-th truck of concrete to enter the warehouse is:

[0060] The concrete filling efficiency and the silo surface vibration efficiency in normal seasons are obtained, and the first pouring duration of each dam block that can be poured is calculated based on the relationship between the concrete filling efficiency and the silo surface vibration efficiency in normal seasons and the time consumed by concrete filling. Specifically, the calculation includes:

[0061] If the concrete filling efficiency in normal seasons is less than or equal to the silo surface vibration efficiency, the first pouring duration of the dam block that can be poured is:

[0062]

[0063] Where L is the number of layers of dam blocks that can be cast, s l h is the area of ​​the first layer of dam blocks that can be cast, l is the thickness of the first layer of the castable dam block, l = 1, 2, ..., L, u is the number of cables required for each castable dam block, V b It is the volume of concrete that can be lifted by a single cable crane.

[0064] Furthermore, the calculation method of the first pouring duration also includes:

[0065] If the concrete filling efficiency in normal seasons is greater than the concrete surface vibration efficiency, the first pouring duration of the dam block can be:

[0066]

[0067] Where p l The vibration efficiency of the first layer of dam blocks that can be cast in normal seasons;

[0068] If the concrete filling efficiency of L1 layers in a dam block that can be cast in normal season is less than or equal to the silo surface vibration efficiency, and the concrete filling efficiency of L2 layers is greater than the silo surface vibration efficiency, then the first casting duration of the dam block that can be cast is:

[0069]

[0070] In the formula, L1+L2=L.

[0071] Furthermore, the calculation method of the second pouring duration includes:

[0072] In the low temperature season, the efficiency of the transport vehicle in the qth link conforms to the sixth distribution with a mean of dt q , the sixth variance is dσ q Normal distribution DT CA =(dt q ,dσ q ), the cable car's operating speed in the oth link conforms to the seventh distribution with a mean of dv o , the seventh variance is dσ o Normal distribution DV LA =(dv o ,dσ o ), the cable car unloading conforms to the eighth distribution with a mean of dt xie , eighth variance dσ xie Normal distribution DT LAX =(dt xie ,dσ xie ), the cable machine waiting material conforms to the ninth distribution mean dt da , the ninth variance dσ da Normal distribution DT LAD =(dt da ,dσ da ), the cable crane operation efficiency conforms to the tenth distribution with a mean of dp nn , the tenth variance is dσ nn Normal distribution dp nn =(dp nn ,dσ nn ), nn is the number of machines that can cast dam blocks, then the time for each link of concrete storage is:

[0073] Assuming the number of transport vehicle links is Q, the time consumed by the i-th transport vehicle in a single cycle is:

[0074] Where, dt qi is the sixth distribution mean of the link efficiency of the i-th transport vehicle in the q-th link, dσ qi is the sixth variance of the operating efficiency of the i-th transport vehicle in the q-th link, q = 1, 2, ..., Q;

[0075] Assuming the number of links in the cable crane is O, the time consumed by a single cycle of the i-th cable crane is:

[0076] Where S oi is the running distance of the i-th cable car in the o-th link, dv oi is the seventh distribution mean of the operating speed of the i-th cable car at the o-th link, o = 1, 2, ..., O, dt xiei is the eighth distribution mean of the i-th cable crane unloading, dt dai is the mean of the ninth distribution of materials waiting for the i-th cable crane;

[0077] The time it takes for the i-th truck of concrete to enter the warehouse is:

[0078] The concrete filling efficiency and the silo surface vibration efficiency in the low temperature season are obtained. The second pouring duration of each dam block that can be poured is calculated based on the relationship between the concrete filling efficiency and the silo surface vibration efficiency in the low temperature season and the time consumed by the concrete filling. Specifically, the method includes:

[0079] If the concrete filling efficiency in low temperature season is less than or equal to the silo surface vibration efficiency, the second pouring duration of the dam block can be cast as follows:

[0080]

[0081] Where L is the number of layers of dam blocks that can be cast, s l h is the area of ​​the first layer of dam blocks that can be cast, l is the thickness of the first layer of the castable dam block, l = 1, 2, ..., L, u is the number of cables required for each castable dam block, V b It is the volume of concrete that can be lifted by a single cable crane.

[0082] Furthermore, the calculation method of the second pouring duration also includes:

[0083] If the concrete filling efficiency in low temperature season is greater than the concrete surface vibration efficiency, the second pouring duration of the dam block can be:

[0084]

[0085] Where, dp l The vibration efficiency of the first layer of dam blocks that can be cast in low temperature seasons;

[0086] If, in the low-temperature season, the concrete filling efficiency of L1 layers in the castable dam block is less than or equal to the silo surface vibration efficiency, and the concrete filling efficiency of L2 layers is greater than the silo surface vibration efficiency, then the second pouring duration of the castable dam block is:

[0087]

[0088] In the formula, L1+L2=L.

[0089] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the arch dam construction progress simulation method in high-altitude cold areas taking into account the influence of low temperatures, by adding low-temperature season simulation parameters and using big data analysis methods to mine historically accumulated monitoring data, obtains the production and operation rules of concrete mixing plants, concrete transport vehicles, cable cranes, leveling machinery, and vibrating machinery in conventional seasons and low-temperature seasons; at the same time, short-interval "thin layer" pouring is taken into account to optimize the dam section and dam block constraints; short-interval "thin layer" pouring in the low-temperature season is taken into account to optimize the dam section and dam block sorting method, and optimize the pouring duration calculation method, thereby effectively improving the simulation accuracy of the arch dam construction progress simulation in high-altitude cold areas for the uninterrupted construction conditions in the low-temperature season, and overcoming the shortcoming that the original technical solution cannot effectively distinguish between different construction conditions in the conventional season and the low-temperature season.

[0090] Description of Reference Numerals

[0091] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for simulating the construction progress of an arch dam in a cold region taking into account the influence of low temperatures according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0092] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the advancement process of the simulation clock according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0093] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.

[0094] The method for simulating the construction progress of an arch dam in a cold region considering the influence of low temperature is described in this embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0095] Step 1: Divide the normal season and the low temperature season according to the ambient temperature;

[0096] Specifically, this embodiment sets temperature intervals and divides the seasons into normal seasons and low-temperature seasons according to the temperatures corresponding to each season.

[0097] Step 2: Initialize the initial conditions of the simulation, which include at least the real-time pouring appearance of the dam blocks, the real-time appearance of the joint grouting, the dam block layering scheme, the joint grouting partition and grouting control parameters, mechanical equipment resources, the maximum number of bins allowed to be poured simultaneously, and the bin overlap ratio;

[0098] Before the simulation begins, the initial conditions of the simulation are initialized and updated, and the appearance data and grouting appearance data are collected through the Internet of Things to achieve automatic update of the appearance data.

[0099] Step 3: Initialize simulation parameters and establish a simulation clock sequence. The simulation parameters include conventional season simulation parameters and low-temperature season simulation parameters. The conventional season simulation parameters include mechanical group operation parameters, warehouse surface preparation parameters, template parameters, and demolding time. The low-temperature season simulation parameters include mechanical group operation parameters, warehouse surface preparation parameters, demolding time, construction time interval in low-temperature season, warehouse opening time interval in low-temperature season, thin layer interval, and construction days in each month within the preset time period in low-temperature season.

[0100] In this embodiment, the machinery cluster includes a concrete mixing plant, concrete transport trucks, cable cranes, silo leveling machines, and silo vibrators. By installing GPS+RTK high-precision positioning equipment, RFID sensors, UWB positioning equipment, tilt sensors, rotational angle sensors, and ultrasonic / infrared depth monitoring equipment on the machinery cluster, full-process monitoring of the machinery cluster's production data is achieved, enabling the acquisition of massive amounts of production data. Big data analysis techniques can be used to analyze the current operating patterns of the machinery cluster during both normal and low-temperature seasons. This includes the production efficiency distribution of the mixing plant; the efficiency distribution of each stage of transport truck loading, heavy-vehicle transport, waiting, material transfer, and empty return; the efficiency distribution of each stage of the cable crane loading, tank lifting, heavy-vehicle transport, silo alignment, material unloading, and empty pipe return; the operating rate variation patterns of each stage during the cable crane lifting process; the efficiency distribution of the silo leveling machines and the silo vibrators. Furthermore, considering the slower development of concrete strength during low-temperature seasons, the demolding time parameter is set separately for normal and low-temperature seasons. In addition, construction can be carried out during the period of higher temperature in the low temperature season of each year, and 24 hours can be divided into a construction period and a construction suspension period (it is sufficient to set a construction period nearby). At the same time, considering that the warehouse opening and pouring at a later time in the construction period will continue until the low temperature period when construction is not possible, it will cause great difficulties in the quality control of concrete construction. It is necessary to set the time interval for opening the warehouse in one day in the low temperature season based on the concrete pouring efficiency to avoid the concrete pouring continuing until the non-construction period. Due to the existence of the low temperature period when construction is not possible, the concrete warehouse that is poured once in the conventional period needs to be divided into thin layer pouring based on the number of billets and the pouring efficiency, and short intervals are set between the thin layers. In this embodiment, the number of construction days in each month in the low temperature season is replaced by the number of days in the natural month instead of the original effective days.

[0101] Step 5: Determine whether the dam is cast. If so, terminate the simulation process. Otherwise, select castable dam blocks that meet preset constraints from the bin surface. The castable dam blocks include thin layers of dam blocks and newly cast dam blocks. Determine the first casting order of each thin layer of dam blocks based on the short pause duration of the cast thin layers of dam blocks, and determine the second casting order of each newly cast dam block based on the evaluation index and index characteristic value of each castable dam block.

[0102] Specifically, if all sections of the dam are poured to the top and the grouting of the joints in each irrigated area is completed, the dam casting is determined to be completed and the simulation ends; otherwise, the dam casting is not completed.

[0103] In this embodiment, the preset constraint conditions include a first constraint condition and a second constraint condition. The normal season corresponds to the first constraint condition, and the low temperature season corresponds to the second constraint condition.

[0104] In this embodiment, the first constraint condition is as follows:

[0105] (1) The dam blocks should be within the control range of the equipment.

[0106] (2) The dam blocks should meet the requirements of the inter-layer interval time. The current clock time should be no less than the minimum interval time from the pouring completion time of the poured dam blocks.

[0107] (3) The dam body appearance satisfies the requirement that during the pouring process, the dam body sections rise and fall alternately.

[0108] (4) The height difference between adjacent dam sections shall not exceed the allowable height difference between adjacent dam sections.

[0109] (5) The height difference between adjacent column blocks is greater than the product of the number of block layers required for cantilever support and the block thickness.

[0110] (6) There should be sufficient time for warehouse preparation.

[0111] (7) The distance between pouring equipment should be greater than the allowable safety distance.

[0112] (8) The dam blocks should have sufficient time for foundation treatment.

[0113] (9) All dam sections cannot be greater than the predetermined height.

[0114] (10) The rising speed of the dam body should meet the stress requirements during the construction period.

[0115] (11) The requirements of equipment casting strength and mixing plant feeding strength should be met.

[0116] The second constraint condition adds the construction condition of thin dam block layer in low temperature season to the first constraint condition:

[0117] (12) The number of thin layers in the dam blocks is less than the total number of thin layers in the dam blocks.

[0118] According to the above constraints, m dam blocks that meet the conditions and can be cast are screened from the warehouse surface. The number of thin layers of the dam blocks whose remaining thin layers are less than the total number of thin layers is m0, and the remaining dam blocks are newly cast dam blocks, with a number of m1, where m1=m-m0.

[0119] After selecting m castable dam blocks, the casting order of each castable dam block needs to be determined. The casting order mainly includes two parts: one is the first casting order of the thin layer of dam blocks, and the other is the second casting order of the newly cast dam blocks.

[0120] In this embodiment, the method for determining the first pouring sequence of the thin layer of dam blocks includes:

[0121] Step 511: Calculate the short pause duration of the thin layer of cast dam blocks using the following formula:

[0122] TBC(i)=T(ib)-TcBC(i);

[0123] Where TBC(i) is the short break time of the thin layer of dam blocks that have been poured, T(ib) is the current simulation clock time, and TcBC(i) is the pouring completion time of the thin layer of dam blocks that have been poured;

[0124] Step 512: Determine the first pouring order of the thin layer of dam blocks according to the short pause time of the poured thin layer. The formula is as follows:

[0125] F[m 0i ] = Ind[OBD(TBC(i))];

[0126] In the formula, F[m 0i ] is the first pouring order, OBD() is the sorting algorithm from large to small, and Ind[] is the algorithm for obtaining the arrangement order value.

[0127] In this embodiment, the method for determining the second pouring sequence of the newly poured dam blocks includes:

[0128] Step 521: Assume that the number of available casting surfaces is m, the number of evaluation indicators is n, and the characteristic value of the g-th evaluation indicator of the f-th dam block to be newly cast is k. fg , we can get the m×n indicator eigenvalue matrix K:

[0129]

[0130] Step 522: The characteristic value k of each evaluation index fg Perform normalization to obtain the normalized value x fg , according to the normalized value x fg Normalize the indicator eigenvalue matrix K to obtain the matrix X:

[0131]

[0132] Step 523: Perform weighted summation on each index characteristic value of each dam block to be newly poured, and obtain the comprehensive index F[f] of each dam block to be newly poured. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0133] F[f]=a1x f1 +a2x f2 +…+a n x fn ;

[0134] Where a1, a2, ..., a n is the weight value of each evaluation index, x f1 、x f2 ,…,x fn is the normalized value of each evaluation index;

[0135] The characteristic value k of each evaluation index fg Normalization processing includes:

[0136] For the evaluation indicators whose characteristic values ​​are larger, the better, the characteristic values ​​of the indicators are normalized:

[0137]

[0138] For the evaluation indicators whose characteristic values ​​are smaller, the better, the characteristic values ​​are normalized:

[0139]

[0140] Step 524: Determine the second pouring sequence according to the comprehensive indicators of each dam block to be newly poured.

[0141] When there are different sections for pouring concrete for a dam, it is possible that several consecutive dam blocks among the determined L dam blocks that can be poured belong to the same section, which is not practical in actual multi-section projects. At the same time, there may also be a situation where the spatial overlap ratio of the continuously poured dam blocks is too large, which is not conducive to improving the pouring efficiency and the coverage of the concrete layer. Therefore, it is necessary to re-sort the selected L dam blocks to be newly poured. Based on this, this embodiment also includes:

[0142] Step 525: Adjust the second pouring sequence based on the overlap ratio of the dam block bunker surface and the principle of concrete balance in the bid section, or adjust the second pouring sequence based on the overlap ratio of the dam block bunker surface and the principle that no more than a preset number of dam blocks are continuously poured in the same bid section. The principle of concrete balance in the bid section includes:

[0143] Assume that the second pouring sequence of H new dam blocks needs to be adjusted. The dam has Y sections, and the concrete work volume of each section is W1, W2, ..., W Y , the current cumulative concrete work volume of each section is w1, w2, ..., w Y , the concrete volume of each dam block is w 1Y 、w 2Y 、…、w HY , then the concrete engineering quantity of each section meets the following requirements:

[0144] W1:W2:…:W Y ≈(w1+w 1Y ):(w2+w 2Y ):…:(w Y +wHY )=1:(δ2+ε):…:(δ Y +ε);

[0145] Where δ is the ratio of the engineering quantities of different sections with Section 1 as the reference section, and ε is the adjustable error.

[0146] At the same time, the warehouse surface with the highest comprehensive index is used as a reference. The warehouse surfaces that do not meet the overlap ratio index are adjusted. If any of them do not meet the overlap ratio restrictions, they will be kicked out of the pouring sequence.

[0147] Step 6. Determine multiple cable crane deployment plans for pouring each castable dam block, select the cable crane deployment plan corresponding to the minimum cable crane clock, and first pour the thin layer of each dam block according to the first pouring sequence, and then pour each newly poured dam block according to the second pouring sequence. After the pouring of each castable dam block is completed, perform joint grouting on the grouting area that meets the joint grouting requirements.

[0148] In this embodiment, the method for determining multiple cable crane deployment schemes for pouring each pourable dam block includes:

[0149] Step 61: Establish a plane coordinate system with the cable crane main tower track as the vertical axis and one end point of the cable crane main tower track as the origin. Obtain the coordinates of the boundary point of the silo surface to be poured, the length z of the cable crane main tower, the coordinates of the end points of the cable crane main tower track [(0,0), (0,R)], and the minimum safe distance M of the cable cranes. Determine the length range B of the silo surface that can be poured by each cable crane within a preset time.

[0150] Step 62: Determine the total length L of the surface to be poured based on the coordinates of the boundary points of the surface to be poured. c , according to the length range B of the warehouse surface that can be poured by each cable crane within the preset time T and the total length L of the warehouse surface to be poured c Determine the required number of cable cranes k, divide the silo surface to be poured into multiple areas based on the required number of cable cranes k and the length range B of the silo surface that can be poured by the corresponding cable cranes, and determine the center line position C corresponding to the length range of the silo surface that can be poured by the corresponding cable cranes j ;

[0151] The warehouse surface to be poured includes multiple warehouse surfaces, and there are overlapping warehouse surfaces among the multiple warehouse surfaces to be poured. The total length L of the warehouse surface to be poured is c Methods for determining include:

[0152] Determine the minimum vertical coordinate y from the coordinates of the boundary points of multiple bins to be poured min and the maximum ordinate y max , according to the minimum ordinate y min and the maximum ordinate y max Calculate the total length L of the silo surface to be pouredc , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0153] L c =y max -y min ;

[0154] The center line position C corresponding to the length range of the casting warehouse surface of the j-th cable crane j The calculation formula is as follows:

[0155]

[0156] Where, j = 1, 2, 3, ..., k.

[0157] Step 63: Determine the range of the active length L of each cable crane based on the length z of the cable crane main tower, the coordinates of the endpoints of the cable crane main tower track [(0,0), (0,R)], and the minimum safe distance M between adjacent cable cranes. i ;

[0158] Assume that the total number of cable cranes is I, then the range of the active length of the i-th cable crane is L i The calculation formula is as follows:

[0159]

[0160] In the formula, i=1, 2, 3,...,I.

[0161] Step 64: According to the center line position C j And the active length range L of each cable crane i Determine the cable crane deployment plan.

[0162] Specifically, the center line position C1 corresponding to the length range of the casting bin surface of the first cable crane to the center line position C corresponding to the length range of the casting bin surface of the j-th cable crane are determined in sequence. j The active length range of the cable crane to which it belongs, thereby generating C j With L i The matching matrix is ​​used to obtain multiple cable crane deployment plans.

[0163] It should be noted that the specific implementation method of determining the cable crane deployment plan mentioned above can be referred to application number CN2020105094566.

[0164] After the dam blocks are poured, the joint grouting step begins: determine whether there are any areas that require joint grouting. If not, return to step 3, update the simulation parameters, and loop through steps 3-8 until the dam construction is completed. If so, perform joint grouting on the areas that meet the joint grouting requirements and then return to step 3, update the simulation parameters, and loop through steps 3-8 until the dam construction is completed.

[0165] In this embodiment, the simulation clock sequence is based on days as the time period and seconds as the unit, such as Figure 2 As shown, the simulation clock advances in this sequence as follows:

[0166] Step A: Scan all casting machines to determine the global clock and the minimum clock of the cable crane used to cast each castable dam block;

[0167] Step B: Determine whether the simulation clock is within the time range corresponding to the low temperature season. If so, determine whether there are dam blocks that can be cast that meet the first constraint. Otherwise, determine whether there are dam blocks that can be cast that meet the second constraint, where the first constraint includes the construction condition of a thin layer of dam blocks.

[0168] Step C: Determine multiple cable crane deployment plans for pouring each pourable dam block. If the cable crane with the smallest clock is the cable crane in the corresponding cable crane deployment plan, use the smallest clock as the pouring start time; otherwise, use the smallest clock of the cable crane in the corresponding cable crane deployment plan as the pouring start time.

[0169] Step D: Determine whether the pouring start time is within the time range corresponding to the low temperature season. If not, proceed to step E. If so, determine whether the pouring start time is within the time interval for opening the warehouse in the low temperature season. If so, proceed to step E. Otherwise, proceed to step E after the simulation clock advances to the time interval for opening the warehouse in the low temperature season.

[0170] Step E: determining whether the pouring start time is a valid working time; if not, advancing the simulation clock to the next valid time period;

[0171] Step F, calculating the pouring duration of each castable dam block according to the season of the simulation clock, determining the pouring end time of each castable dam block according to the pouring start time and pouring duration of each castable dam block, judging whether the pouring end time is valid working time, and if not, judging whether the corresponding castable dam block is poured, and if not, recalculating the pouring start time;

[0172] Step G, recording the time corresponding to the pouring event of each pourable dam block, advancing the simulation clock, and performing statistics on the data of this cycle;

[0173] Step H: Determine whether the dam is poured. If so, end the simulation process; otherwise, proceed to step A.

[0174] In high arch dam construction simulations, the pouring duration affects changes in the cable crane and dam block states. Traditional simulation methods fail to consider the impact of cold weather on transport vehicle efficiency and concrete loading strength. They also fail to consider the impact of cold weather on surface machinery efficiency and cable crane loading. To address this, this embodiment determines whether the current simulation clock is in the cold weather season. If not, the first pouring duration corresponding to the normal season is calculated. If so, the second pouring duration corresponding to the cold weather season is calculated. This approach mitigates the impact of cold weather on simulation accuracy.

[0175] Specifically, the concrete production and transportation construction process is first broken down into each link: mixing plant - transport vehicle - (unloading platform) - cable crane - warehouse surface. Since the transportation distance of the concrete transport vehicle from the unloading platform to the mixing plant and then to the unloading platform is basically unchanged, this process can be broken down into empty return, waiting for material at the mixing plant, loading, heavy vehicle transportation, waiting at the unloading platform, and cable crane alignment and loading. Since the transportation distance of the cable crane from the unloading platform to the warehouse surface varies with the different casting locations, this process can be broken down into waiting for material at the unloading platform, loading, lifting acceleration, lifting deceleration, traction acceleration, traction uniform speed, traction deceleration, descent acceleration, descent uniform speed, descent deceleration, unloading material from the warehouse surface, and empty return.

[0176] Combined with IoT-based monitoring data, big data analysis can be performed on the efficiency of each link to explore production patterns. On this basis, this embodiment determines whether the current simulation clock is in the low temperature season. If not, the first pouring duration corresponding to the normal season is calculated. If so, the second pouring duration corresponding to the low temperature season is calculated. The calculation method of the first pouring duration includes:

[0177] In normal season, the efficiency of the transport vehicle in the qth link conforms to the first distribution with a mean of t q , the first variance is σ q Normal distribution T CA =(t q ,σ q ), the cable car's operating speed in the oth link conforms to the second distribution with a mean of v o , the second variance is σ o Normal distribution V LA =(v o ,σ o ), the cable car unloading conforms to the third distribution with a mean of t xie , third-party difference σ xie Normal distribution T LAX =(t xie ,σ xie ), the cable machine waiting material conforms to the fourth distribution mean t da , the fourth variance σ da Normal distribution T LAD =(tda ,σ da ), the cable crane operation efficiency conforms to the fifth distribution with a mean of p nn , the fifth variance is σ nn The normal distribution p nn =(p nn ,σ nn ), nn is the number of machines that can cast dam blocks, then the time for each link of concrete storage is:

[0178] Assuming the number of transport vehicle links is Q, the time consumed by the i-th transport vehicle in a single cycle is:

[0179] Where, t qi is the first distribution mean of the link efficiency of the i-th transport vehicle in the q-th link, σ qi is the first variance of the operating efficiency of the i-th transport vehicle in the q-th link, q = 1, 2, …, Q;

[0180] Assuming the number of links in the cable crane is O, the time consumed by a single cycle of the i-th cable crane is:

[0181] Where S oi is the running distance of the i-th cable car in the o-th link, v oi is the second distribution mean of the operating speed of the i-th cable car at the o-th link, o = 1, 2, ..., O, t xiei is the third distribution mean of the i-th cable crane unloading, t dai is the mean of the fourth distribution of materials waiting for the i-th cable crane;

[0182] The time it takes for the i-th truck of concrete to enter the warehouse is:

[0183] The concrete filling efficiency and the silo surface vibration efficiency in normal seasons are obtained, and the first pouring duration of each dam block that can be poured is calculated based on the relationship between the concrete filling efficiency and the silo surface vibration efficiency in normal seasons and the time consumed by concrete filling. Specifically, the calculation includes:

[0184] 1. If the concrete filling efficiency in normal season is less than or equal to the silo surface vibration efficiency, the first pouring duration of the dam block can be cast as:

[0185]

[0186] Where L is the number of layers of dam blocks that can be cast, s l h is the area of ​​the first layer of dam blocks that can be cast, l is the thickness of the first layer of the castable dam block, l = 1, 2, ..., L, u is the number of cables required for each castable dam block, V bIt is the volume of concrete that can be lifted by a single cable crane.

[0187] 2. If the concrete filling efficiency in normal seasons is greater than the silo surface vibration efficiency, the first pouring duration of the dam block can be:

[0188]

[0189] Where p l The vibration efficiency of the first layer of dam blocks that can be cast in normal seasons;

[0190] 3. If, in a castable dam block in a normal season, the concrete filling efficiency of L1 layers is less than or equal to the silo surface vibration efficiency, and the concrete filling efficiency of L2 layers is greater than the silo surface vibration efficiency, then the first pouring duration of the castable dam block is:

[0191]

[0192] In the formula, L1+L2=L.

[0193] The calculation method of the second pouring duration includes:

[0194] In the low temperature season, the efficiency of the transport vehicle in the qth link conforms to the sixth distribution with a mean of dt q , the sixth variance is dσ q Normal distribution DT CA =(dt q ,dσ q ), the cable car's operating speed in the oth link conforms to the seventh distribution with a mean of dv o , the seventh variance is dσ o Normal distribution DV LA =(dv o ,dσ o ), the cable car unloading conforms to the eighth distribution with a mean of dt xie , eighth variance dσ xie Normal distribution DT LAX =(dt xie ,dσ xie ), the cable machine waiting material conforms to the ninth distribution mean dt da , the ninth variance dσ da Normal distribution DT LAD =(dt da ,dσ da ), the cable crane operation efficiency conforms to the tenth distribution with a mean of dp nn , the tenth variance is dσ nn Normal distribution dp nn =(dp nn ,dσ nn), nn is the number of machines that can cast dam blocks, then the time for each link of concrete storage is:

[0195] Assuming the number of transport vehicle links is Q, the time consumed by the i-th transport vehicle in a single cycle is:

[0196] Where, dt qi is the sixth distribution mean of the link efficiency of the i-th transport vehicle in the q-th link, dσ qi is the sixth variance of the operating efficiency of the i-th transport vehicle in the q-th link, q = 1, 2, ..., Q;

[0197] Assuming the number of links in the cable crane is O, the time consumed by a single cycle of the i-th cable crane is:

[0198] Where S oi is the running distance of the i-th cable car in the o-th link, dv oi is the seventh distribution mean of the operating speed of the i-th cable car at the o-th link, o = 1, 2, ..., O, dt xiei is the eighth distribution mean of the i-th cable crane unloading, dt dai is the mean of the ninth distribution of materials waiting for the i-th cable crane;

[0199] The time it takes for the i-th truck of concrete to enter the warehouse is:

[0200] The concrete filling efficiency and the silo surface vibration efficiency in the low temperature season are obtained. The second pouring duration of each dam block that can be poured is calculated based on the relationship between the concrete filling efficiency and the silo surface vibration efficiency in the low temperature season and the time consumed by the concrete filling. Specifically, the method includes:

[0201] 1. If the concrete filling efficiency in low temperature season is less than or equal to the silo surface vibration efficiency, the second pouring duration of the dam block can be:

[0202]

[0203] Where L is the number of layers of dam blocks that can be cast, s l h is the area of ​​the first layer of dam blocks that can be cast, l is the thickness of the first layer of the castable dam block, l = 1, 2, ..., L, u is the number of cables required for each castable dam block, V b It is the volume of concrete that can be lifted by a single cable crane.

[0204] 2. If the efficiency of concrete filling in low temperature season is greater than the efficiency of concrete surface vibration, the second pouring duration of dam blocks can be:

[0205]

[0206] Where, dp l The vibration efficiency of the first layer of dam blocks that can be cast in low temperature seasons;

[0207] 3. If, in the low-temperature season, the concrete filling efficiency of 11 layers in the castable dam block is less than or equal to the silo surface vibration efficiency, and the concrete filling efficiency of 12 layers is greater than the silo surface vibration efficiency, then the second pouring duration of the castable dam block is:

[0208]

[0209] In the formula, L1+L2=L.

[0210] In summary, this embodiment increases the low-temperature season simulation parameters and uses big data analysis methods to mine the historically accumulated monitoring data to obtain the production and operation rules of concrete mixing plants, concrete transport vehicles, cable cranes, leveling machinery, and vibrating machinery in conventional and low-temperature seasons; at the same time, short-interval "thin layer" pouring is considered to optimize the dam section and dam block constraints; considering the short-interval "thin layer" pouring in the low-temperature season, the dam section and dam block sorting method is optimized, and the pouring duration calculation method is optimized, which effectively improves the simulation accuracy of the arch dam construction progress simulation in high-altitude cold areas for the uninterrupted construction conditions in the low-temperature season, and overcomes the shortcoming that the original technical solution cannot effectively distinguish between different construction conditions in the conventional season and the low-temperature season.

Claims

1. A simulation method for arch dam construction progress in cold regions considering the impact of low temperatures, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Divide the normal season and the low temperature season according to the ambient temperature; Step 2: Initialize the initial conditions of the simulation, which include at least the real-time pouring appearance of the dam blocks, the real-time appearance of the joint grouting, the dam block layering scheme, the joint grouting partition and grouting control parameters, mechanical equipment resources, the maximum number of bins allowed to be poured simultaneously, and the bin overlap ratio; Step 3: Initialize simulation parameters and establish a simulation clock sequence. The simulation parameters include conventional season simulation parameters and low-temperature season simulation parameters. The conventional season simulation parameters include mechanical group operation parameters, warehouse surface preparation parameters, template parameters, and demolding time. The low-temperature season simulation parameters include mechanical group operation parameters, warehouse surface preparation parameters, demolding time, construction time interval in low-temperature season, warehouse opening time interval in low-temperature season, thin layer interval, and construction days in each month within the preset time period in low-temperature season. Step 5: Determine whether the dam is cast. If so, terminate the simulation process. Otherwise, select castable dam blocks that meet preset constraints from the bin surface. The castable dam blocks include thin layers of dam blocks and newly cast dam blocks. Determine the first casting order of each thin layer of dam blocks based on the short pause duration of the cast thin layers of dam blocks, and determine the second casting order of each newly cast dam block based on the evaluation index and index characteristic value of each castable dam block. Step 6: Determine multiple cable crane deployment plans for pouring each castable dam block, select the cable crane deployment plan corresponding to the minimum cable crane clock, and first pour the thin layer of each dam block according to the first pouring sequence, then pour each new dam block according to the second pouring sequence, and after pouring each castable dam block, perform joint grouting on the grouting areas that meet the joint grouting requirements; The method for determining multiple cable crane deployment schemes for pouring each pourable dam block includes: Step 61: Use the cable crane main tower track as the vertical axis and one end point of the cable crane main tower track as the origin to establish a plane coordinate system, obtain the boundary point coordinates of the warehouse surface to be poured, the length of the cable crane main tower, and the coordinates of the boundary point coordinates of the cable crane main tower. , the endpoint coordinates of the cable car main tower track [(0,0), (0, R)] and the minimum safety distance of the cable car , determine the length range of the warehouse surface that can be poured by each cable crane within the preset time ; Step 62: Determine the total length of the surface to be poured based on the coordinates of the boundary points of the surface to be poured. , according to the preset time The length range of each cable crane that can cast the warehouse surface and the total length of the silo surface to be poured Determine the number of cable cranes required , according to the number of cable cranes required And the length range of the corresponding cable crane that can cast the warehouse surface Divide the surface of the warehouse to be poured into multiple areas and determine the centerline position corresponding to the length range of the warehouse surface that can be poured by the cable crane ; Step 63: According to the length of the cable crane main tower , the endpoint coordinates of the cable crane main tower track [(0,0), (0, R)] and the minimum safety distance between adjacent cable cranes Determine the range of active length of each cable crane ; Step 64: According to the center line position And the range of the active length of each cable car Determine the cable crane deployment plan.

2. The method for simulating arch dam construction progress in cold regions considering low temperature effects according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the simulation clock sequence is based on days and seconds. The simulation clock advances in this sequence as follows: Step A: Scan all casting machines to determine the global clock and the minimum clock of the cable crane used to cast each castable dam block; Step B: Determine whether the simulation clock is within the time range corresponding to the low temperature season. If so, determine whether there are dam blocks that can be cast that meet the first constraint. Otherwise, determine whether there are dam blocks that can be cast that meet the second constraint, where the first constraint includes the construction condition of a thin layer of dam blocks. Step C: Determine multiple cable crane deployment plans for pouring each pourable dam block. If the cable crane with the smallest clock is the cable crane in the corresponding cable crane deployment plan, use the smallest clock as the pouring start time; otherwise, use the smallest clock of the cable crane in the corresponding cable crane deployment plan as the pouring start time. Step D: Determine whether the pouring start time is within the time range corresponding to the low temperature season. If not, proceed to step E. If so, determine whether the pouring start time is within the time interval for opening the warehouse in the low temperature season. If so, proceed to step E. Otherwise, proceed to step E after the simulation clock advances to the time interval for opening the warehouse in the low temperature season. Step E: determining whether the pouring start time is a valid working time; if not, advancing the simulation clock to the next valid time period; Step F, calculating the pouring duration of each castable dam block according to the season of the simulation clock, determining the pouring end time of each castable dam block according to the pouring start time and pouring duration of each castable dam block, judging whether the pouring end time is valid working time, and if not, judging whether the corresponding castable dam block is poured, and if not, recalculating the pouring start time; Step G, recording the time corresponding to the pouring event of each pourable dam block, advancing the simulation clock, and performing statistics on the data of this cycle; Step H: Determine whether the dam is poured. If so, end the simulation process; otherwise, proceed to step A.

3. The method for simulating arch dam construction progress in cold regions considering low temperature effects according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 5, the method for determining the first pouring sequence of the thin layer of dam blocks includes: Step 511: Calculate the short pause duration of the thin layer of cast dam blocks using the following formula: ； Where, is the short interval length of the thin layer of cast dam blocks, is the current simulation clock time, The time when the thin layer of dam blocks has been poured is completed; Step 512: Determine the first pouring order of the thin layer of dam blocks according to the short pause time of the poured thin layer. The formula is as follows: ； Where, For the first pouring sequence, It is a sorting algorithm from large to small. Algorithm for obtaining sort order values.

4. The method for simulating arch dam construction progress in cold regions considering low temperature effects according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, the method for determining the second pouring sequence of the newly poured dam blocks includes: Step 521: Set the number of silo surfaces that can be cast to , the number of evaluation indicators is , No. The first dam block to be poured The characteristic value of the evaluation index is , we can get The indicator eigenvalue matrix of : ； Step 522: The characteristic value of each evaluation index Perform normalization to obtain the normalized value , according to the normalized value For the indicator eigenvalue matrix Perform normalization to obtain the matrix : ； Step 523: Perform weighted summation on each index characteristic value of each new dam block to obtain the comprehensive index of each new dam block. , the calculation formula is as follows: ； Where, 、 、…、 is the weight value of each evaluation index, 、 、…、 is the normalized value of each evaluation index; The characteristic value of each evaluation index Normalization processing includes: For the evaluation indicators whose characteristic values ​​are larger, the better, the characteristic values ​​of the indicators are normalized: ； For the evaluation indicators whose characteristic values ​​are smaller, the better, the characteristic values ​​are normalized: ； Step 524: Determine the second pouring sequence according to the comprehensive indicators of each dam block to be newly poured.

5. The method for simulating arch dam construction progress in cold regions considering the influence of low temperatures as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The method further includes: Step 525: Adjust the second pouring sequence based on the overlap ratio of the dam block bunker surface and the principle of concrete balance in the bid section, or adjust the second pouring sequence based on the overlap ratio of the dam block bunker surface and the principle that no more than a preset number of dam blocks are continuously poured in the same bid section. The principle of concrete balance in the bid section includes: If you need to The second pouring sequence of the new dam blocks to be poured is adjusted. The concrete work volume of each section is 、 、…、 The current cumulative concrete work volume of each section is 、 、…、 The concrete volume of each dam block is 、 、…、 , then the concrete engineering quantity of each section meets the following requirements: ； Where, The ratio of project quantities of different sections with Section 1 as the reference section is: is the adjustable error.

6. The method for simulating arch dam construction progress in cold regions considering low temperature effects according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step F, the pouring duration of each castable dam block includes a first pouring duration corresponding to a normal season and a second pouring duration corresponding to a low temperature season; The calculation method of the first pouring duration includes: In normal season, the transport vehicle is set up in the The link efficiency of the link conforms to the first distribution with a mean of , the first variance is Normal distribution , the cable car is in the The operating rate of the link conforms to the second distribution with a mean of , the second variance is Normal distribution , the cable car unloading conforms to the third distribution mean 、Third-party difference Normal distribution , the cable machine waiting material meets the fourth distribution mean , the fourth variance Normal distribution The cable crane operation efficiency conforms to the fifth distribution mean of , the fifth variance is Normal distribution , is the number of machines that can cast dam blocks, and the time for each link of concrete entering the warehouse is: Assume the number of links of the transport vehicle is , then The time taken for a single cycle of a transport vehicle is: ; Where, For the The transport vehicle is in the The first distribution mean of the link efficiency of the link, For the The transport vehicle is in the The first variance of the operating efficiency of the link, =1, 2, ..., ; The number of links of the cable crane is , then The time consumed by a single cycle of the cable car is: ; Where, For the The cable crane is in The running distance of the link, For the The cable crane is in The second distribution mean of the link's operating rate, =1, 2, ..., , For the The third distribution mean of cable crane unloading, For the The fourth distribution mean of the cable crane waiting for material; Rule No. The time it takes for the truck to put concrete into the warehouse is: ; The concrete filling efficiency and the silo surface vibration efficiency in normal seasons are obtained, and the first pouring duration of each dam block that can be poured is calculated based on the relationship between the concrete filling efficiency and the silo surface vibration efficiency in normal seasons and the time consumed by concrete filling. Specifically, the calculation includes: If the concrete filling efficiency in normal seasons is less than or equal to the silo surface vibration efficiency, the first pouring duration of the dam block can be cast as: ； Where, is the number of layers that can be used to cast dam blocks, The first block for dam casting The area of ​​each layer, The first block for dam casting The thickness of each layer, =1, 2, ..., , is the number of cable cranes required for each castable dam block, It is the volume of concrete that can be lifted by a single cable crane.

7. The method for simulating arch dam construction progress in cold regions considering the influence of low temperatures as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation method of the first pouring duration further includes: If the concrete filling efficiency in normal seasons is greater than the concrete surface vibration efficiency, the first pouring duration of the dam block can be: ； Where, The first dam block that can be cast in normal season The efficiency of the silo surface vibration of each layer; If there is a dam block that can be cast in the normal season The concrete filling efficiency of each layer is less than or equal to the vibration efficiency of the silo surface. If the concrete filling efficiency of each layer is greater than the vibration efficiency of the silo surface, the first pouring duration of the dam block can be cast as: ； Where, .

8. The method for simulating arch dam construction progress in cold regions considering low temperature effects according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation method of the second pouring duration includes: In low temperature season, the transport vehicle is placed in the The link efficiency of the link conforms to the sixth distribution with a mean of , the sixth variance is Normal distribution , the cable car is in the The operating rate of the link conforms to the seventh distribution mean , the seventh variance is Normal distribution , the cable car unloading conforms to the eighth distribution mean , Eighth Variance Normal distribution , the cable machine waiting material meets the ninth distribution mean , the ninth variance Normal distribution The cable crane operation efficiency conforms to the tenth distribution mean of , the tenth variance is Normal distribution , is the number of machines that can cast dam blocks, and the time for each link of concrete entering the warehouse is: Assume the number of links of the transport vehicle is , then The time taken for a single cycle of a transport vehicle is: ; Where, For the The transport vehicle is in the The sixth distribution mean of the link efficiency of the link, For the The transport vehicle is in the The sixth variance of the operating efficiency of the link, =1, 2, ..., ; The number of links of the cable crane is , then The time consumed by a single cycle of the cable car is: ; Where, For the The cable crane is in The running distance of the link, For the The cable crane is in The seventh distribution mean of the link's operating rate, =1, 2, ..., , For the The eighth distribution mean of cable crane unloading, For the The mean of the ninth distribution of materials waiting for the cable machine; Rule No. The time it takes for the truck to put concrete into the warehouse is: ; The concrete filling efficiency and the silo surface vibration efficiency in the low temperature season are obtained. The second pouring duration of each dam block that can be poured is calculated based on the relationship between the concrete filling efficiency and the silo surface vibration efficiency in the low temperature season and the time consumed by the concrete filling. Specifically, the method includes: If the concrete filling efficiency in low temperature season is less than or equal to the silo surface vibration efficiency, the second pouring duration of the dam block can be cast as follows: ； Where, is the number of layers that can be used to cast dam blocks, The first block for dam casting The area of ​​each layer, The first block for dam casting The thickness of each layer, =1, 2, ..., , is the number of cable cranes required for each castable dam block, It is the volume of concrete that can be lifted by a single cable crane.

9. The method for simulating arch dam construction progress in cold regions considering the influence of low temperatures as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The calculation method of the second pouring duration also includes: If the concrete filling efficiency in low temperature season is greater than the concrete surface vibration efficiency, the second pouring duration of the dam block can be: ； Where, The first type of dam blocks that can be cast in low temperature seasons The efficiency of the silo surface vibration of each layer; If there is a problem in the dam blocks during the low temperature season The concrete filling efficiency of each layer is less than or equal to the vibration efficiency of the silo surface. If the concrete filling efficiency of each layer is greater than the vibration efficiency of the silo surface, the second pouring duration of the dam block can be: ； Where, .

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