A directional control device based on pressure or displacement controlled jet

Abstract

The present invention provides an orientation device based on pressure or displacement controlled jet, comprising a universal connector. The universal connector includes an upper short section and a lower short section that are rotatably connected. A central hole that communicates with each other is provided in the middle of the upper short section and the lower short section. A diversion device is connected to the lower end of the lower short section, and a plurality of injection holes are provided on the diversion device along different radial directions. Among them, different pressures or displacements in the diversion device open different injection holes, and after the injection holes are opened, the injected fluid causes the diversion device to change its direction. The present invention can control the pumping pressure and the jet direction, so that the tool deflects in the wellbore according to the designed azimuth and angle, realizing the orientation of downhole tools.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an orientation device for controlling jet flow based on pressure or displacement, belonging to the technical field of drilling and completion. Background Art

[0002] Most modern oil drilling operations use horizontal wells and directional wells. During the drilling process of such wells, it is necessary to adjust the drilling direction of the drill bit to change the wellbore trajectory and ultimately achieve the purpose of matching the designed trajectory. The prior art requires connecting a bent sub or bent screw with a certain angle in the drill string. During the drilling process, by rotating the drill string on the ground, the direction of the bent sub or bent screw in the wellbore is adjusted, and then the drilling direction of the drill bit is adjusted to control the borehole trajectory.

[0003] In recent years, a high-pressure water jet drilling method has been developed to create micro wellbores in the reservoir through high-pressure jets from small-diameter pipes. Due to size limitations, it is impossible to install a bent sub or bent screw on the small-diameter pipe. In addition, the small-diameter pipe does not extend to the ground and cannot be directly rotated on the ground. Therefore, the adjustment of the drilling direction of the small-diameter pipe cannot be achieved by the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an orientation device for controlling jet flow based on pressure or displacement. By controlling the pumping pressure and jet direction, the tool deflects in the downhole according to the designed azimuth and angle to achieve downhole tool orientation.

[0005] The present invention provides an orientation device for controlling jet flow based on pressure or displacement, comprising:

[0006] A universal connector, which includes an upper short section and a lower short section that are rotatably connected. Central holes that communicate with each other are provided in the middle of the upper short section and the lower short section;

[0007] A diversion device connected to the lower end of the lower short section, and a plurality of injection holes are provided on the diversion device along different radial directions;

[0008] Among them, different injection holes are opened by different pressures or displacements in the diversion device, and after the injection holes are opened, the injected fluid causes the diversion device to change direction.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the diversion device includes a steering sleeve connected to the lower part of the lower short section. A slideway communicating with the central hole is provided in the middle of the steering sleeve, and the injection holes are arranged radially on the steering sleeve;

[0010] A diversion piston that slides axially along with the pressure in the central hole is arranged in the slideway, and the diversion piston slides axially to selectively open or close each injection hole.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that an elastic reset device is provided between the upper short section and the steering sleeve.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that a flow channel is provided in the middle of the diversion piston, and a plurality of diversion holes are arranged radially on its side wall; when the diversion piston moves axially under the pressure in the central hole, the diversion holes selectively align with the injection holes and connect the flow channel and the injection holes, thereby opening the injection holes.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that a nozzle is provided at the top of the steering sleeve, and a piston spring is provided between the diversion piston and the nozzle. When the pressure in the central hole is greater than the elastic force of the piston spring, the diversion piston moves forward; when the pressure in the central hole is less than the elastic force of the piston spring, the diversion piston moves backward.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the injection holes include a first injection hole and a second injection hole, and the first injection hole and the second injection hole are located at different axial positions on the steering sleeve and have opposite radial directions;

[0015] The diversion holes include a first diversion hole in the same direction as the first injection hole and a second diversion hole in the same direction as the second injection hole; the first diversion hole and the second diversion hole are located at the same axial position on the diversion piston.

[0016] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that a ring groove is provided inside the injection hole and an alloy nozzle is provided outside.

[0017] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the upper short section is of a cylindrical structure, and a circular steering groove is provided at its lower part; a circular steering ball is provided at the upper part of the lower short section, and the steering ball is clamped in the steering groove and can rotate in the steering groove.

[0018] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the upper end of the upper short section is connected to the housing by a thread, and the drill pipe is connected through the housing.

[0019] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that a plurality of annular seals are provided on the side surface of the diversion piston.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] The present invention relates to a directional device for controlling jet flow based on pressure or displacement. By controlling the pumping pressure and the jet flow direction, the tool deflects in the wellbore according to the designed azimuth and angle, realizing the orientation of downhole tools.

[0022] In the present invention, the steering sleeve and the housing are connected by a universal connector, and they can maintain coaxiality or form a certain angle; a hydraulically driven piston and a piston spring are arranged inside the housing, and the piston can maintain balance at a set position under the action of hydraulic pressure and spring force.

[0023] On the outer wall of the steering sleeve in the present invention, injection holes with different diameters and in different orientations are arranged along its axis; the diversion piston moves along the axis of the steering sleeve under the action of hydraulic pressure, and the position of the diversion piston is controlled by pressure or displacement and spring force. The diversion channels inside it communicate with injection holes in different orientations and block other jet holes, causing the steering sleeve to deflect relative to the housing under the action of the jet flow.

[0024] In the present invention, by setting the stiffness of the return spring and the size of the jet holes, the deflection angle of the steering sleeve relative to the housing is controlled, thereby realizing the orientation of downhole tools. Description of the Drawings

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of an orientation adjustment device based on jet flow control by pressure or displacement according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of an orientation adjustment device based on jet flow control by pressure or displacement according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the state where the first injection hole is open;

[0028] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of an orientation adjustment device based on jet flow control by pressure or displacement according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the state where the second injection hole is open;

[0029] In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. The drawings are not drawn to actual scale.

[0030] The meanings of the reference numerals in the drawings are as follows: 1, universal connector; 2, steering sleeve; 3, diversion piston; 11, upper short section; 12, lower short section; 13, housing; 14, steering ball; 15, central hole; 21, elastic return device; 22, first injection hole; 23, second injection hole; 24, nozzle; 25, annular groove; 26, alloy nozzle; 31, flow channel; 32, first diversion hole; 33, second diversion hole; 34, annular seal; 35, piston spring. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0031] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than an exhaustive list of all embodiments. And without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0032] Figure 1 Schematically shown is a direction adjustment device for a jet based on pressure or displacement control according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a universal connector 1. The universal connector 1 includes an upper short section 11 and a lower short section 12. The upper short section 11 is used to connect the drill pipe above, and the lower short section 12 is used to connect the diversion device below. And the upper short section 11 and the lower short section 12 are rotationally connected. Central holes 15 that communicate with each other are provided at the centers of the upper short section 11 and the lower short section 12. During the rotation of the upper short section 11 and the lower short section 12, the two central holes 15 are always in communication. A diversion device is connected to the lower end of the lower short section 12. A number of injection holes are provided on the diversion device along the radial direction, and the radial directions between the injection holes are different.

[0033] Different pressures in the diversion device open different injection holes. After the injection holes are opened, the fluid in the central hole 15 is ejected through the injection holes. Due to the reaction force, the diversion device bends in the opposite direction, driving the universal connector 1 to bend, thereby completing the direction adjustment. In this embodiment, the universal connector 1 can rotate relative to the center point. In this embodiment, it is a ball head universal connector 1, and other forms of universal connectors 1 can also be used, such as bellows, etc.

[0034] In one embodiment, the diversion device includes a steering sleeve 2. The steering sleeve 2 is a cylindrical structure, and its upper part is connected to the lower short section 12 of the universal connector 1. A slideway is provided in the middle of the steering sleeve 2. The slideway communicates with the central hole 15 of the universal connector 1. The injection holes are arranged along the radial direction on the steering sleeve 2, communicating the slideway of the steering sleeve 2 and the external space. In this embodiment, a diversion piston 3 is provided in the slideway. The diversion piston 3 can slide in the slideway. When the pressure in the central hole 15 reaches a certain level, under the action of the pressure, the sliding piston will move in the slideway, so that each injection hole is selectively opened or closed. The way of selectively opening or closing means that specific injection holes are rotated to be opened or closed according to the magnitude of the pressure, and the state of the injection holes can be rotated according to the pressure.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, an elastic reset device 21 is provided between the upper short section 11 and the steering sleeve 2. The elastic reset device 21 is preferably a helical spring, and can also be other elastic elements such as a torsion spring or an elastic rod. The elastic reset device 21 can provide an elastic force for the steering sleeve 2, so that it receives a restoring force after changing the direction, and the direction of the steering sleeve 2 can be restored when the diversion piston 3 closes the injection hole.

[0036] In one embodiment, a flow channel 31 is provided in the middle of the diversion piston 3, and a plurality of diversion holes are arranged radially on its side wall. The diversion holes communicate the flow channel 31 and the outside of the diversion piston 3. The outer diameter of the diversion piston 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the central hole 15 of the lower short section 12, and the inner diameter of the flow channel 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of the central hole 15 of the lower short section 12. In this way, the upper end surface of the diversion piston 3 forms a pressure difference surface in the central hole 15, and the pressure in the central hole 15 will apply pressure to the upper end surface of the diversion piston 3. Under the action of this pressure, the diversion piston 3 will move downward along the axis.

[0037] In the jet direction-changing device based on pressure or displacement control according to this embodiment, when the diversion piston 3 moves axially under the pressure in the central hole 15, the diversion holes selectively align with the injection holes and communicate the flow channel 31 and the injection holes, thereby opening the injection holes.

[0038] In one embodiment, a nozzle 24 is provided at the top of the steering sleeve 2. The outer end of the nozzle 24 is an arc-shaped structure, and a nozzle 24 hole is provided in the middle. The steering sleeve 2 and the nozzle 24 are connected by threads. A piston spring 35 is provided between the diversion piston 3 and the nozzle 24. When the pressure in the central hole 15 is greater than the elastic force of the piston spring 35, the diversion piston 3 moves forward. When the pressure in the central hole 15 is less than the elastic force of the piston spring 35, the diversion piston 3 moves backward.

[0039] When using the jet direction-changing device based on pressure or displacement control according to this embodiment, by pressurizing the central hole 15, the pressure received by the diversion piston 3 increases, and the diversion piston 3 moves downward overcoming the elastic force of the piston spring 35, so that the diversion holes selectively align with the injection holes, thereby opening the injection holes.

[0040] In one embodiment, the injection holes include a first injection hole 22 and a second injection hole 23. The first injection hole 22 and the second injection hole 23 are located at different axial positions on the steering sleeve 2 and have opposite radial directions. The diversion holes include a first diversion hole 32 in the same direction as the first injection hole 22 and a second diversion hole 33 in the same direction as the second injection hole 23; the first diversion hole 32 and the second diversion hole 33 are at the same axial position on the diversion piston 3.

[0041] When using the direction-changing device that controls the jet flow based on pressure or displacement according to this embodiment, when the pressure in the central hole 15 is at the first pressure, the diversion piston 3 moves downward under the action of the pressure, while compressing the piston spring 35, and the elastic force of the piston spring 35 gradually increases. When the elastic force of the piston spring 35 balances the pressure in the central hole 15, at this time, the first diversion hole 32 faces the first injection hole 22, causing the first injection hole 22 to open. At this time, the diversion device turns towards the direction opposite to the first injection hole 22.

[0042] When the pressure in the central hole 15 continues to increase to the second pressure, the diversion piston 3 continues to move downward against the elastic force of the piston spring 35, and the elastic force of the piston spring 35 continues to increase. When the elastic force of the piston spring 35 balances the second pressure in the central hole 15, the second diversion hole 33 faces the second injection hole 23, causing the second injection hole 23 to open. At this time, the diversion device turns towards the direction opposite to the second injection hole 23. In this embodiment, the drilling direction is changed by changing the pressure or displacement in the central hole 15.

[0043] In one embodiment, an annular groove 25 is provided inside the injection hole, and an alloy nozzle 26 is provided outside. The alloy nozzle 26 can be provided with different hole diameters and can maintain a specific jet flow rate under a specific pressure. In this embodiment, the alloy nozzle 26 is made of an alloy material to prevent erosion.

[0044] In one embodiment, the upper short section 11 is of a cylindrical structure, and a circular steering groove is provided at its lower part; a circular steering ball 14 is provided at the upper part of the lower short section 12, and the steering ball 14 is clamped in the steering groove and can rotate in the steering groove.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of sealing grooves are provided on the side surface of the diversion piston 3, and sliding sealing rings are provided in the sealing grooves. The annular sealing grooves and sealing rings can seal the injection holes that do not need to be communicated, and other injection holes are in a closed state when a specific injection hole is opened, ensuring the direction-changing effect.

[0046] When using the direction-changing device that controls the jet flow based on pressure or displacement according to this embodiment, in the initial state, fluid is pumped into the tool at a certain displacement Q. Due to the throttling effect of the flow channel 31 of the diversion piston 3, pressure is generated above it, driving the diversion piston 3 to move downward. Since the piston spring 35 has a certain pre-tightening force to balance the hydraulic pressure, at this time, the diversion piston 3 remains stationary, and the first injection hole 22 and the second injection hole 23 are blocked by the annular seal 34. Due to the fact that the elastic reset device 21 has a certain pre-tightening force, under the action of the spring force, the steering sleeve 2 is coaxial with the housing 13.

[0047] When it is necessary to adjust the orientation of the tool, increase the displacement to Q1. Since the size of the central hole 15 of the diversion piston 3 remains unchanged, the throttling pressure increases, driving the diversion piston 3 to compress the piston spring 35 downward. After the piston spring 35 is compressed, the restoring force increases, causing the diversion piston 3 to maintain balance at a new position. As Figure 2 shown, at this time, the first injection hole 22 is communicated with the first diversion hole 32, and the annular seal 34 blocks other injection holes. The fluid inside the tool is ejected through the first injection hole 22. The inner diameter of the nozzle 24 is designed to limit the fluid ejection speed and control the magnitude of the deflection force formed by the jet flow. Driven by the side jet flow, the steering sleeve 2 rotates around the center of the universal connector 1. One side of the elastic restoring device 21 is stretched and the other side is compressed, acting on the steering sleeve 2 to give it a tendency to return to the initial state. When the restoring force of the elastic restoring device 21 is balanced with the deflection force generated by the jet flow, the axis of the steering sleeve 2 deflects a certain angle α relative to the axis of the housing 13 and remains stable.

[0048] When it is necessary to adjust the orientation of the tool again, increase the displacement to Q2. Since the size of the central hole 15 of the diversion piston 3 remains unchanged, the throttling pressure increases, driving the diversion piston 3 to continue to compress the piston spring 35 downward. After the piston spring 35 is compressed, the restoring force increases, causing the diversion piston 3 to maintain balance at a new position. As Figure 3 shown, at this time, the second injection hole 23 is communicated with the second diversion hole 33, and the annular seal 34 blocks other injection holes. The fluid inside the tool is ejected through the second injection hole 23. The inner diameter of the alloy nozzle 26 is designed to limit the fluid ejection speed and control the magnitude of the deflection force formed by the jet flow. Driven by the side jet flow, the steering sleeve 2 rotates around the center of the universal connector 1. One side of the elastic restoring device 21 is stretched and the other side is compressed, acting on the steering sleeve 2 to give it a tendency to return to the initial state. When the restoring force of the return spring is balanced with the deflection force generated by the jet flow, the axis of the steering sleeve 2 deflects a certain angle β relative to the axis of the housing 13 and remains stable.

[0049] In this embodiment, by designing the stiffness of the elastic restoring device 21 and the piston spring 35, the size of the internal hole of the diversion piston 3 and the alloy nozzle 26, and the number and orientation of the injection holes on the side wall of the steering sleeve 2, the deflection angle and orientation of the steering sleeve 2 relative to the housing 13 can be controlled by the internal pressure / displacement of the tool, and thus the drilling trajectory can be adjusted according to the pressure or displacement.

[0050] After reducing the fluid displacement inside the tool, the pressure above the diversion piston 3 decreases, and the piston spring 35 pushes the diversion piston 3 upward. The annular seal 34 blocks its jet hole, and the orientation system returns to the straight state under the action of the elastic restoring device 21.

[0051] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications can be made to these embodiments by those skilled in the art once they learn the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted to include the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and / or modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention. Any changes and / or modifications made in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A direction - adjusting device based on pressure or displacement - controlled jet, characterized in that, it includes: A universal connector (1), the universal connector (1) includes an upper short section (11) and a lower short section (12) that are rotatably connected, and a central hole (15) that communicates with each other is provided in the middle of the upper short section (11) and the lower short section (12); A diversion device connected to the lower end of the lower short section (12), and a number of jet holes are provided on the diversion device along different radial directions; Among them, different pressures or displacements in the diversion device open different jet holes, and after the jet holes are opened, the jet fluid causes the diversion device to change direction; The diversion device includes a steering sleeve (2) connected to the lower part of the lower short section (12), a slideway communicating with the central hole (15) is provided in the middle of the steering sleeve (2), and the jet holes are arranged radially on the steering sleeve (2); A diversion piston (3) that slides axially along with the pressure in the central hole (15) is provided in the slideway, and the diversion piston (3) slides axially to selectively open or close each of the jet holes; A flow channel (31) is provided in the middle of the diversion piston (3), and a number of diversion holes are arranged radially on its side wall; when the diversion piston (3) moves axially under the pressure in the central hole (15), the diversion holes selectively align with the jet holes and communicate the flow channel (31) and the jet holes, thereby opening the jet holes; The jet holes include a first jet hole (22) and a second jet hole (23), the first jet hole (22) and the second jet hole (23) are located at different axial positions on the steering sleeve (2), and the radial directions are opposite; The diversion holes include a first diversion hole (32) in the same direction as the first jet hole (22), and a second diversion hole (33) in the same direction as the second jet hole (23); the first diversion hole (32) and the second diversion hole (33) are at the same axial position on the diversion piston (3).

2. The direction - adjusting device based on pressure or displacement - controlled jet according to claim 1, characterized in that, An elastic reset device (21) is provided between the upper short section (11) and the steering sleeve (2).

3. The direction - adjusting device based on pressure or displacement - controlled jet according to claim 2, characterized in that, A nozzle (24) is provided at the top of the steering sleeve (2), and a piston spring (35) is provided between the diversion piston (3) and the nozzle (24). When the pressure in the central hole (15) is greater than the elastic force of the piston spring (35), the diversion piston (3) moves forward, and when the pressure in the central hole (15) is less than the elastic force of the piston spring (35), the diversion piston (3) moves backward.

4. The direction - adjusting device based on pressure or displacement - controlled jet according to claim 3, characterized in that, A ring groove (25) is provided inside the jet hole, and an alloy nozzle (26) is provided outside.

5. The jet direction adjusting device based on pressure or displacement control according to claim 4, characterized in that, the upper short section (11) is of a cylindrical structure, and a circular steering groove is provided at its lower part; a circular steering ball (14) is provided at the upper part of the lower short section (12), and the steering ball (14) is clamped in the steering groove and can rotate in the steering groove.

6. The jet direction adjusting device based on pressure or displacement control according to claim 5, characterized in that, the upper end of the upper short section (11) is connected to the housing (13) by a thread, and the drill pipe is connected through the housing (13).

7. The jet direction adjusting device based on pressure or displacement control according to claim 1, characterized in that, a plurality of annular seals (34) are provided on the side surface of the guide piston (3).

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