A fluorescence imaging device, a state detection system, an ion trap and a quantum computer

Abstract

The application discloses a fluorescence imaging device, a state detection system, an ion trap and a quantum computer. The fluorescence imaging device comprises a first imaging unit composed of a first objective lens and a parabolic mirror. The first objective lens converts the divergence angle of received atomic fluorescence. The parabolic mirror reflects and focuses the atomic fluorescence with the converted divergence angle to obtain imaging for state detection. The parabolic mirror reflects and focuses the atomic fluorescence, avoiding the problems of spherical aberration and chromatic aberration caused by the refraction of the atomic fluorescence in the lens group when the lens group is used to focus the atomic fluorescence. The parabolic mirror replaces the complex lens group, and the optical path composition of the fluorescence imaging device is simplified.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to, but is not limited to, optical imaging technology, in particular to a fluorescence imaging device, a state detection system, an ion trap and a quantum computer. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fluorescence is the interaction of photons and molecules, which can be described by the Jablonslc molecular energy level diagram: most molecules are in the ground state of the lowest vibrational energy level under normal circumstances, and when excited by energy (light energy, electrical energy or chemical energy, etc.), the electrons around the atomic nucleus will jump from the ground state to the excited state with higher energy. The excited state electron is in an unstable high-energy state and will release energy back to the ground state through two ways: one is the radiative transition in the form of photon (including fluorescence and phosphorescence process), and the other is the non-radiative transition in the form of heat energy. Generally, after the electrons outside the atomic nucleus are excited from the ground state to the excited state, they will quickly fall to the lowest vibrational energy level through non-radiative transition, and then return to the ground state by releasing energy in the form of photon radiation. The outgoing light with this property is called fluorescence.

[0003] Fluorescence imaging technology is applied in the fields of biology, physics and medicine. Taking physics as an example, in the branch of atomic and molecular optical physics, fluorescence imaging technology is widely used to detect the fluorescence emitted by atoms, ions or molecules, and then determine their external information (such as position) or internal information (such as electron energy level). The fluorescence imaging device is an important component of the state detection system, and the fluorescence imaging device in the related art includes a light source (detecting light irradiates atoms to obtain atomic fluorescence) and optical elements; wherein the optical elements are used for both transmission and collection of light, mainly composed of various types of lenses; since the lens adopts refraction for focusing, there are problems such as spherical aberration (limited by the aperture size of the lens, there is a difference in the transmission of atomic fluorescence from the edge and center of the lens) and chromatic aberration (atomic fluorescence frequencies are different, and there are differences in refraction through the lens) and other aberration problems. In order to solve the problem of aberration, a complex lens group needs to be designed to focus the atomic fluorescence as faithfully as possible into the detector of the state detection system for state detection. The lens group has the problems of complex composition and large space occupation, which affects the application and development of state detection. How to solve the problem of aberration on the basis of simplifying the composition of the fluorescence imaging device has become a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0004] The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a fluorescence imaging device, a state detection system, an ion trap and a quantum computer, which can simplify the fluorescence imaging optical path while solving the problem of aberration.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a fluorescence imaging device, comprising: a first imaging unit composed of a first objective lens and a parabolic mirror; wherein,

[0007] The first objective lens: converts the divergence angle of received atomic fluorescence;

[0008] The parabolic mirror: reflects and focuses the atomic fluorescence with the converted divergence angle, and obtains imaging for state detection.

[0009] In an example, the first objective lens is arranged as:

[0010] The divergence angle of the atomic fluorescence is converted, and the atomic fluorescence is converted into parallel light.

[0011] In an example, the distance between the first objective lens and the atomic fluorescence is in a centimeter level.

[0012] In an example, the focal length of the parabolic mirror is in a hundred-millimeter level.

[0013] In an example, the fluorescence imaging device further comprises a filtering unit arranged behind the first imaging unit, and arranged as:

[0014] The imaging obtained by the parabolic mirror is subjected to stray light filtering.

[0015] In an example, the filtering unit comprises a diaphragm with a preset aperture.

[0016] In an example, the aperture of the diaphragm is in a hundred-micrometer level.

[0017] In an example, the fluorescence imaging device further comprises a second imaging unit arranged behind the first imaging unit, and arranged as:

[0018] The imaging obtained by the parabolic mirror is subjected to amplification processing.

[0019] In another aspect, the embodiment of the present application further provides a state detection system, comprising: a fluorescence imaging device and a detector; wherein,

[0020] The fluorescence imaging device comprises a first imaging unit composed of a first objective lens and a parabolic mirror; wherein,

[0021] The first objective lens: converts the divergence angle of received atomic fluorescence;

[0022] The parabolic mirror: reflects and focuses the atomic fluorescence with the converted divergence angle, and obtains imaging for state detection.

[0023] The detector detects the state according to the imaging obtained by the first imaging unit.

[0024] In another aspect, the embodiment of the present application further provides an ion trap comprising the state detection system.

[0025] In another aspect, the embodiment of the present application further provides a quantum computer comprising the ion trap.

[0026] The fluorescence imaging device comprises a first imaging unit composed of a first objective lens and a parabolic mirror. The first objective lens converts the divergence angle of the received atomic fluorescence. The parabolic mirror reflects and focuses the atomic fluorescence with the converted divergence angle to obtain imaging for state detection. The embodiment of the present application reflects and focuses the atomic fluorescence by the parabolic mirror, avoiding the problems of spherical aberration and chromatic aberration caused by the refraction of the atomic fluorescence in the lens group when the lens group is used for focusing the atomic fluorescence. The parabolic mirror replaces the complex lens group, simplifying the optical path composition of the fluorescence imaging device.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following or can be learned by practice of the present application. The objects and other advantages of the present application can be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the technical scheme of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used together with the embodiments of the present application to explain the technical scheme of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical scheme of the present application.

[0029] Figure 1 The structure block diagram of the fluorescence imaging device of the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0030] Figure 2 The structure block diagram of the state detection system of the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and the features in the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other in any way without conflict.

[0032] The steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions. And although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described here can be executed in different order.

[0033] Figure 1 The structural block diagram of the fluorescence imaging device in the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure, which comprises a first imaging unit composed of a first objective lens and a parabolic mirror; wherein, Figure 1

[0034] The first objective lens converts the divergence angle of the received atomic fluorescence; here, the atomic fluorescence in the embodiment of the present application comprises the fluorescence emitted after the preset probe light irradiates atoms or ions;

[0035] The parabolic mirror reflects and focuses the atomic fluorescence with the converted divergence angle to obtain the imaging for state detection.

[0036] The embodiment of the present application reflects and focuses the atomic fluorescence by the parabolic mirror, avoiding the spherical aberration and chromatic aberration problems caused by the refraction of the atomic fluorescence in the lens group when focusing the atomic fluorescence by the lens group; the parabolic mirror replaces the complex lens group, simplifying the optical path composition of the fluorescence imaging device.

[0037] In an exemplary example, the first objective lens in the embodiment of the present application is set as:

[0038] The first objective lens converts the divergence angle of the atomic fluorescence to convert the atomic fluorescence into parallel light. In an exemplary example, the first objective lens in the embodiment of the present application is an objective lens with an infinite conjugate distance.

[0039] In an exemplary example, the atomic fluorescence in the embodiment of the present application is located at the central axis position of the first objective lens.

[0040] In an exemplary example, the distance between the first objective lens and the atomic fluorescence in the embodiment of the present application is in centimeter level.

[0041] In an exemplary example, the focal length of the parabolic mirror in the embodiment of the present application is in the order of hundred millimeters. The embodiment of the present application can determine the focusing position of the obtained imaging according to the focal length.

[0042] In an exemplary example, the parabolic mirror in the embodiment of the present application is a concave mirror; in an exemplary example, the parabolic mirror in the embodiment of the present application is a parabolic mirror.

[0043] In an exemplary example, the projection area of the light after the atomic fluorescence passes through the first objective lens on the parabolic mirror is smaller than the mirror surface area of the parabolic mirror.

[0044] In an exemplary example, the fluorescence imaging device in the embodiment of the present application further comprises a filtering unit arranged after the first imaging unit, which is arranged to:

[0045] The imaging obtained by the parabolic mirror is filtered for stray light.

[0046] ​It should be noted that the stray light in the embodiment of the present application refers to any light that is not desired but appears in the imaging after propagation.

[0047] In an exemplary example, the filtering unit in the embodiment of the present application can be an optical element with stray light filtering, which can be selected according to the distribution of the filtering unit in the system and the application requirements.

[0048] In an exemplary example, the filtering unit in the embodiment of the present application includes a diaphragm with a preset aperture.

[0049] In an exemplary example, the aperture of the diaphragm in the embodiment of the present application is in the order of hundreds of microns.

[0050] In an exemplary example, the embodiment of the present application can also add optical elements in the filtering unit according to the application scenario and the imaging quality requirements, etc., to further process the imaging for state detection; the added optical elements include but are not limited to one or any combination of the following: light shield, light blocking ring, optical filter and light extinction sheet, etc.

[0051] In an exemplary example, the fluorescence imaging device in the embodiment of the present application further includes a secondary imaging unit arranged after the primary imaging unit, which is arranged to:

[0052] The imaging obtained by the parabolic mirror is processed by magnification.

[0053] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application can set the secondary imaging unit in the fluorescence imaging system in the related art, for example, based on the lens group design to realize the secondary imaging unit; in an exemplary example, the magnification multiple of the secondary imaging unit for the imaging can be determined based on the application scenario and the requirements of the imaging; the secondary imaging unit is designed by the person skilled in the art according to the determined magnification multiple.

[0054] In an exemplary example, the fluorescence imaging device in the embodiment of the present application can simultaneously include the filtering unit and the secondary imaging unit, and the filtering unit is arranged before the secondary imaging unit, for filtering the stray light of the imaging before the imaging is processed by magnification.

[0055] In an exemplary example, the atomic fluorescence in the embodiment of the present application includes the fluorescence emitted by the atom or ion after being irradiated by the preset probe light; in an exemplary example, the atomic fluorescence in the embodiment of the present application includes one or more wavelengths of fluorescence; for example, one or more wavelengths of atomic fluorescence in quantum computing, or multiple wavelengths of atomic fluorescence in biological detection; in an exemplary example, the atomic fluorescence in the embodiment of the present application can also include atomic fluorescence in other state detection scenarios; in other words, the fluorescence imaging device in the embodiment of the present application can be applicable to single-band imaging and multi-band imaging.

[0056] Figure 2 A structural block diagram of the state detection system of the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1, which comprises a fluorescence imaging device and a detector, wherein, Figure 2

[0057] The fluorescence imaging device comprises a first imaging unit composed of a first objective lens and a parabolic mirror, wherein,

[0058] The first objective lens is configured to convert the divergence angle of the received atomic fluorescence.

[0059] The parabolic mirror is configured to reflect and focus the atomic fluorescence with the converted divergence angle to obtain imaging for state detection.

[0060] The detector is configured to perform state detection according to the imaging obtained by the first imaging unit.

[0061] In the state detection system of the embodiment of the present application, the parabolic mirror is used to reflect and focus the atomic fluorescence when obtaining the imaging for state detection, which avoids the problems of spherical aberration and chromatic aberration caused by the refraction of the atomic fluorescence in the lens group when focusing the atomic fluorescence using the lens group. The parabolic mirror replaces the complex lens group, thereby simplifying the composition of the state detection system.

[0062] In an exemplary example, the first objective lens of the embodiment of the present application is configured to:

[0063] convert the divergence angle of the atomic fluorescence to convert the atomic fluorescence into parallel light.

[0064] In an exemplary example, the detector of the embodiment of the present application is composed of a charge-coupled device (CCD), a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS), or a photomultiplier tube (PMT), etc.

[0065] It should be noted that the CCD in the embodiment of the present application can be a silicon wafer used for detecting light in related art, which is used for solid imaging processing.

[0066] In an exemplary example, the distance between the first objective lens and the atomic fluorescence in the embodiment of the present application is in the order of centimeters.

[0067] In an exemplary example, the focal length of the parabolic mirror in the embodiment of the present application is in the order of hundreds of millimeters.

[0068] In an exemplary example, the detector in the embodiment of the present application is composed of a CCD.

[0069] In an exemplary example, the fluorescence imaging device of the embodiment of the present application further comprises a filtering unit arranged behind the first imaging unit, which is configured to:

[0070] filter the stray light of the imaging obtained by the parabolic mirror.​

[0071] It should be noted that the stray light in the embodiment of the present application refers to any light that is not desired but reaches the detector after propagation.

[0072] In an exemplary example, the filtering unit of the embodiment of the present application comprises an aperture stop with a preset aperture.

[0073] In an exemplary example, the aperture of the aperture stop of the embodiment of the present application is in the order of 100 microns.

[0074] In an exemplary example, the fluorescence imaging device of the embodiment of the present application further comprises a secondary imaging unit arranged after the primary imaging unit, which is arranged to:

[0075] The imaging obtained by the parabolic mirror is amplified.

[0076] In an exemplary example, the secondary imaging unit of the embodiment of the present application can be composed of a second objective lens and a lens group.

[0077] The embodiment of the present application also provides an ion trap comprising the above state detection system, and the state detection system is arranged outside the vacuum cavity of the ion trap.

[0078] In an exemplary example, the ion trap (Ion trap) in the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to: three-dimensional ion trap (3D Ion Trap), linear ion trap (Linear Ion Trap) and orbit ion trap (Orbitrap) and the like.

[0079] The embodiment of the present application also provides a quantum computer comprising the above ion trap.

[0080] Those of ordinary skill in the art will realize and understand that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above and the functional modules / units in the systems and devices can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and appropriate combinations thereof. In hardware implementation, the division between the functional modules / units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component can have multiple functions, or one function or step can be performed by several physical components in cooperation. Some or all of the components can be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a digital signal processor or a microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software can be distributed on computer-readable media, which can include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). As is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, the term computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, it is common and well understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and can include any information delivery media.

Claims

1. A fluorescence imaging device, comprising: The first imaging unit is composed of a first objective lens and a parabolic mirror. The first objective lens is configured to convert the divergence angle of the received atomic fluorescence. The parabolic mirror is configured to reflect and focus the atomic fluorescence with the converted divergence angle to obtain an image for state detection. The first objective lens is configured to convert the divergence angle of the atomic fluorescence into parallel light.

2. The fluorescence imaging apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The distance between the first objective lens and the atomic fluorescence is in centimeter level.

3. The fluorescence imaging apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The fluorescence imaging device further comprises a filtering unit arranged behind the first imaging unit, which is configured to: The filtering unit comprises a diaphragm with a preset aperture.

4. The fluorescence imaging apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by The aperture of the diaphragm is in hundred-micrometer level.

5. The fluorescence imaging apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by The fluorescence imaging device further comprises a second imaging unit arranged behind the first imaging unit, which is configured to:

6. The fluorescence imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by The second imaging unit is configured to perform amplification processing on the image obtained by the parabolic mirror. The fluorescence imaging device and the detector; wherein 7. A condition detection system comprising: The fluorescence imaging device comprises a first imaging unit composed of a first objective lens and a parabolic mirror. The first objective lens is configured to convert the divergence angle of the received atomic fluorescence. The parabolic mirror is configured to reflect and focus the atomic fluorescence with the converted divergence angle to obtain an image for state detection. The detector is configured to perform state detection according to the image obtained by the first imaging unit. The first objective lens is configured to convert the divergence angle of the atomic fluorescence into parallel light. The parabolic mirror is a concave mirror.

8. An ion trap, comprising: The parabolic mirror is a parabolic mirror.

9. A quantum computer, characterized by The projection area of the light after the atomic fluorescence passes through the first objective lens on the parabolic mirror is smaller than the mirror area of the parabolic mirror. The state detection system as claimed in claim 7 is arranged outside the vacuum chamber of the ion trap. The ion trap as claimed in claim 8.

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