Automatic Planning and Layout Method for Residential Land, Electronic Device, and Storage Medium

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic planning and layout method for residential land, an electronic device and a storage medium. The method includes extracting plot information from a residential land document and carrying out setbacks on the plot; setting the orientation of the main axis of the plot and arranging the main axis according to the position of the plot center point and the orientation of the main axis; determining the green area according to the plot area and the greening rate and generating a green area at the plot center point; using multiple points on the main axis as dividing points, perpendicular to the main axis, dividing the plot on both sides of the main axis to obtain multiple sub-plots, and using the dividing line as a secondary road; obtaining the housing building type information according to the housing type plan; carrying out housing building layout on the sub-plots according to the housing building type information; calculating the housing building height; carrying out index accounting based on the housing building height, and automatically generating a residential land layout plan when the index requirements are met. The present invention greatly improves the working efficiency and docking efficiency of planners.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of land use planning, and particularly relates to an automatic planning and layout method for residential land based on planning indicators, an electronic device, and a storage medium, which designs different types of residential houses according to the plot ratio, building orientation, and building height limit of the specified planned land. Background Technique

[0002] In the planning project of residential land, planners need to carry out planning and layout design according to the technical and economic indicators given by the superior planning and the types of houses to be laid out. The planning and layout design is highly comprehensive and involves various factors to be considered. Among them, the two most important factors affecting the planning and layout are spatial layout and technical indicators.

[0003] First of all, at present, the mainstream planning spatial layout mode is the axial layout, that is, certain spatial elements are arranged along the axis, either symmetrically or evenly, forming a rhythmic spatial sequence. The spatial axis is often a linear road, greening, water body, etc., and the overall layout has strong aggregation and guidance.

[0004] Secondly, technical indicators. In the technical level of residential planning and layout, attention needs to be paid to the rationality and compliance of technical indicators. The calculation formulas applied in the residential planning and layout design mainly include: ① Plot ratio = total building area / land area; ② Building height = number of building floors * building storey height < building height limit; ③ Total building area = building single-storey area * number of building floors. The formulas applied in other algorithms are evolved based on the above three basic formulas. In addition, it is necessary to focus on considering the backbone of the internal traffic road system of the land, with clear road networks and reasonable spacing; the residential community is also an important part of the urban spatial form, so the requirements for setbacks from the city also need to be considered; the residential community is a residential building, so it is necessary to strictly abide by the national regulations on sunshine hours and maintain a certain spacing to ensure the sunshine duration of each building.

[0005] The above are the influencing factors that planners need to focus on when designing a planned community. Planners need to carry out general plane and spatial layout design on the specified planned plot to make the traffic smooth, the functions reasonable, the environment excellent, and the economy practical. Usually, in the process of weighing and considering, in order to achieve the compliance of the planning indicators, planners will repeatedly calculate the superior planning indicators, and there are certain design rework and efficiency problems in this design process.

[0006] At present, planners mainly make trade-off considerations of multiple factors based on design expertise, design experience, and the project materials already collected for design, and need to continuously calculate the upper-level planning indicators to avoid exceeding the standards and violating regulations. Usually, in the early stage of a project, the owner only needs a conceptual plan, which provides rough indicators and building layouts for communication and docking. However, it takes a relatively long time to complete the plan design according to the above design method, and it is impossible to communicate with the owner quickly and efficiently. Currently, there is no suitable algorithm to achieve a fast and compliant residential layout planning, so there is an urgent need for a method for automatically calculating and generating a residential layout based on planning indicators. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, an electronic device, and a storage medium for automatically planning the layout of residential land, so as to solve the problem that the existing method cannot achieve a fast and compliant residential layout planning.

[0008] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions: A method for automatically planning the layout of residential land based on planning indicators, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Extract the plot information from the obtained residential land file, and set back the plot; wherein the plot information includes the plot area, plot contour, position of the plot center point, and the major and minor axes of the plot.

[0010] Set the orientation of the main axis of the plot, and arrange the main axis as the main road according to the position of the plot center point and the orientation of the main axis.

[0011] Determine the green area according to the plot area and the greening rate, generate a green area at the position of the plot center point, and the orientation of the green area is the same as the orientation of the main axis.

[0012] Use multiple points on the main axis as dividing points, perpendicular to the main axis, divide the plot on both sides of the main axis to obtain multiple sub-plots, and use the dividing line as the secondary road.

[0013] Obtain the residential building type information according to the house type plan, and the residential building type information includes the building contour, the area of the building standard floor, the circumscribed rectangle of the building contour and its dimensions, and the position of the center point of the building contour.

[0014] Carry out the layout of residential buildings on the sub-plots according to the residential building type information.

[0015] Calculate the height of the residential building.

[0016] Based on the height of the residential building, conduct index accounting, and automatically generate a layout plan of the residential land when the index requirements are met.

[0017] Further, the main axis starts from the center point of the plot and runs through the entire plot along the set orientation.

[0018] Preferably, the width of the main axis is 10 m.

[0019] Further, the green space is a rectangular green space, and the width of the rectangular green space is determined by the minor axis of the plot, and the length is determined by the green space area and its width.

[0020] Preferably, the minor axis of the plot is equally divided into 10 equal parts. Let one end point of the minor axis of the plot be the 1st equal division point, and the length between the 4th equal division point and the 8th equal division point is used as the width of the rectangular green space.

[0021] Further, the distance between any two adjacent dividing points is equal, and the distance between two adjacent dividing points is equal to the building sunshine spacing + building depth.

[0022] Further, the specific principles of the residential building layout are as follows:

[0023] The residential buildings are arranged parallel to the corresponding secondary roads and are located between two corresponding secondary roads or on the south side of the corresponding secondary roads;

[0024] The number of residential buildings arranged on each sub-plot is equal to the length of the secondary road on the north side of the residential building / (the width of the circumscribed rectangle of the building outline + building spacing);

[0025] The house type outlines of the residential buildings are combined in rows according to the gable walls.

[0026] Preferably, the distance between the residential building and the secondary road on the north side of the residential building is 3 m, and the distance between the gable wall of the residential building and the green space is 6 m.

[0027] Further, the calculation formula for the height of the residential building is as follows:

[0028] Residential building height = building storey height * number of building storeys

[0029] Number of building storeys = total planned building area / cumulative standard floor area

[0030] Total planned building area = plot ratio * land area.

[0031] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including: a memory for storing a computer program; a processor for implementing the steps of the above-mentioned automatic planning and layout method for residential land based on planning indicators when executing the computer program.

[0032] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned automatic planning and layout method for residential land based on planning indicators are implemented.

[0033] Beneficial effects

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] The automatic planning and layout method for residential land, electronic device and storage medium provided by the present invention can quickly generate a residential land layout plan during the early docking process and provide accurate technical and economic indicators, greatly improving the work efficiency and docking efficiency of planners. Brief description of the drawings

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only one embodiment of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the automatic planning and layout method for residential land in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of setback in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a diagram of the main axis and green space generation in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a diagram of secondary road generation in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a building layout diagram in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a generated residential land layout diagram in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0043] Among them, 1 - land red line, 2 - setback line, 3 - main axis or main road, 4 - rectangular green space, 5 - secondary road, 6 - residential building. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] Combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] As Figure 1 shown, an automatic planning and layout method for residential land provided by an embodiment of the present invention adopts an axial layout. The main axis of the plot is extracted according to the road direction and the shape of the land as the main road inside the plot, and secondary roads are derived perpendicular to the direction of the main axis. Buildings are generated and arranged in turn within the area enclosed by the secondary roads and the building red line. The specific steps of this layout method are as follows:

[0048] Step 1: Extract plot information and set back distances.

[0049] Obtain the residential land file, read and calculate the plot information obtained based on the land red line. The plot information specifically includes the plot area, plot contour, location of the plot center point, and the major and minor axes of the plot. Different building heights, different urban road grades, and different urban technical management methods will all affect the setback distance (or building line setback distance). In this embodiment, the most typical urban setback requirement, that is, 10 meters, is selected, which can meet most cities and buildings, as Figure 2 shown.

[0050] Step 2: Set the orientation of the main axis and the layout of the main axis.

[0051] Design the orientation of the main axis in the true north-south direction. When arranging the main axis, starting from the location of the plot center point, arrange the main axis on the plot according to the orientation of the main axis so that the main axis runs through the entire plot. The main axis, as the main road in the residential community, is set to a width of 10 meters.

[0052] Step 3: Generate green spaces.

[0053] The green space is a regular rectangle, and the green space area is determined by the greening rate and the plot area. In this embodiment, the greening rate is set to 35%, that is, the green space area = greening rate * plot area (or land area). Based on the location of the plot center point, arrange the green space along the orientation of the main axis, as Figure 3As shown in the figure. The minor axis of the plot is equally divided into 10 equal parts. Let one end of the minor axis of the plot be the 1st equal division point, and the other end be the 11th equal division point. The intermediate equal division points are 2 - 10 in sequence. The length between the 4th equal division point and the 8th equal division point (i.e., 4 equal parts) is used as the width of the rectangular green space. The length of the green space is determined according to the formula: green space length = green space area / green space width. The green space is arranged at the center point of the plot, ensuring that the green space is located at the center of the entire plot; the width of the green space is determined according to the 4th equal division point to the 8th equal division point on the minor axis of the plot, ensuring that the green space has sufficient width and avoiding the generation of long and narrow strip-shaped green spaces.

[0054] Step 4: Generate secondary roads

[0055] Taking multiple points on the main axis as dividing points, perpendicular to the main axis, the plot on both sides of the main axis is divided to obtain multiple sub-plots. The dividing lines are used as secondary roads, as Figure 4 . Relying on the main axis, it is equally divided at a certain distance, and this distance is equal to the building sunlight spacing + building depth; in the case where sunlight calculation has not been carried out, it can be implemented according to the urban planning technical management measures of each city. In this embodiment, the spacing between adjacent secondary roads is 50 meters, and the width of the secondary road is 5 meters, which is a one-way road.

[0056] Step 5: Read the house type information of residential buildings.

[0057] Obtain the house type information of residential buildings according to the house type drawing. The house type information of residential buildings includes building outline, building standard floor area, the circumscribed rectangle of the building outline and its dimensions, and the position of the center point of the building outline.

[0058] Step 6: Building layout

[0059] The specific principles for carrying out the building layout of residential buildings on each sub-plot according to the house type information of residential buildings are as follows:

[0060] ① Adopt the layout method of north-side entry, that is, the residential building is located between the corresponding two secondary roads (when there are secondary roads on both sides of the residential building) or on the south side of the corresponding secondary road, that is, the secondary road is located on the north side of the residential building (when there is only one secondary road on one side of the residential building), as Figure 5 shown. Positions such as the stairwell of the residential building do not occupy the favorable south-facing orientation.

[0061] ② The number of residential buildings arranged = [the length of the secondary road on the north side of the residential building / (building face width + building spacing)] ([] is the rounding symbol). Among them, the building face width is the width of the circumscribed rectangle of the building outline, and the building spacing is the fire prevention spacing. Taking the mainstream high-rise residential building as an example, the building spacing is taken as 13 meters.

[0062] ③ Spacing from the road: The outer contour of the building is 3 meters away from the south side of the secondary road on the north side of the building, and the gable wall of the building is 6 meters away from the green space.

[0063] ④ Layout principle: The house type outlines are arranged in rows along the gable walls, with a maximum of 3 rows.

[0064] Step 7: Calculate the building height.

[0065] Building height = building storey height * number of storeys. Among them, the storey height is taken as 3 meters; the number of storeys = total planned building area / cumulative standard floor area, and the total planned building area = plot ratio * land area. (Note that the total planned building area is a rough value calculated based on the plot ratio, and the accurate total building area should be calculated according to the actual building plan layout).

[0066] Step 8: Index accounting

[0067] Compare the building height calculated in Step 7 with the building height limit in the upper-level plan. If it does not exceed the building height limit, then this layout plan is the final plan, and the 3D software can generate a 3D solid form by raising the building outline according to the building height; otherwise, if the building height is higher than the building height limit in the upper-level plan, then reduce the building height to the limit height. In both cases, the final accurate plot ratio and total building area need to be calculated. According to needs, the number of buildings, the number of households, etc. obtained from this layout plan can also be calculated.

[0068] Embodiment 2

[0069] Take a domestic residential land as an example to illustrate the planning and layout method of the present invention.

[0070] Step 1: Designate the land plot, and extract information such as the plot attributes, plot area, plot outline, position of the plot center point, and major and minor axes of the plot. The area of this plot is 178,732 ㎡, the setback is 10 meters, and the length of the minor axis is 479.79 meters.

[0071] Step 2: Set the orientation of the main axis and arrange the main axis.

[0072] In this embodiment, the orientation of the main axis is 10° east of south. The starting point of the main axis is determined by the position of the plot center point and runs through the entire land; the width of the main axis is 10 meters. The length of the main axis generated in this embodiment is 384.9 meters.

[0073] Step 3: Generate green space

[0074] Green space area = 35% * 178732m 2= 62256.2. The location of the green space is also based on the location of the center point of the plot. The orientation of the green space is the same as that of the main axis of the plot. The short axis of the plot is equally divided into 10 equal parts, and the length between the 4th equal point and the 8th equal point is taken as the width of the green space. Therefore, the width of the green space = 0.4 * 479.79 m = 191.92 m. Subsequently, the length of the green space is calculated as 62256.2 / 191.92 = 324.38 m.

[0075] Step 4: Generate secondary roads

[0076] Relying on the main axis, the main axis is equally divided at intervals of 50 m, and secondary roads are generated according to the equal points. The secondary roads are perpendicular to the main axis. The width of the secondary road is 5 m and it is a one-way road. The number of secondary roads: 384.9 / 50 = 7 (roads).

[0077] Step 5: Read the housing building unit type information.

[0078] The parameters to be read are: ① building outline; ② building standard floor area; ③ circumscribed rectangle of the building outline and the length and width dimensions of this rectangle; ④ location of the center point of the building outline. In this embodiment, the floor plan of a high-rise residential unit type with two elevators and three households is imported, and the single-floor plane area of the building can be obtained: 382 m 2 , and the face width of this unit type is 33.1 m.

[0079] Step 6: Building layout:

[0080] ① Entrance from the north side, and the residential buildings are arranged parallel to the secondary roads.

[0081] ② The number of arranged residential buildings = [the length of the secondary road on the north side of the residential building / (building face width + building spacing)]. The building spacing is the fire prevention spacing. The building spacing of high-rise residential buildings is taken as 13 m, and the length of the secondary road / (33.1 + 13) = 46.1 m, and 48 single-unit house types can be obtained.

[0082] ③ Spacing from the road: The outer contour of the building is 3 m away from the south side of the secondary road on the north side of this building, and the gable wall of the building is 6 m away from the green space.

[0083] ④ Arrangement principle: The unit type contours are combined in rows according to the gable walls, and at most a 3-row arrangement mode can be achieved. Finally, the combination of 48 monomers is 17 buildings.

[0084] Step 7: Calculate the building height.

[0085] ① The total planned building area = plot ratio * land area, that is, 3.0 * 178732 = 536196 m 2 . (Note that the total planned building area is a rough value calculated according to the plot ratio. The accurate total building area should be calculated according to the actual building plan plane).

[0086] ② Building floor count = Total planned building area / Cumulative standard floor area. Cumulative standard floor area: 382 * 48 buildings = 18,336 m 2 , 536,196 / 18,336 = 29.2 floors. Rounding up gives 29 floors. At this time, the height is calculated: 29 * 3 m = 87 < 100-meter requirement, meeting the condition, and the layout plan is established.

[0087] ③ Building height: Building height = 3 m * Building floor count, i.e., 3 m * 29 floors = 87 meters.

[0088] The generated residential land layout plan is as Figure 6 shown.

[0089] The above-disclosed is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or variations, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic planning and layout method for residential land based on planning indicators, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Extract the plot information from the obtained residential land documents and perform setbacks on the plot; wherein the plot information includes plot area, plot outline, plot center point location, and the major and minor axes of the plot; Set the orientation of the main axis of the plot and arrange the main axis, which serves as the main road, according to the plot center point location and the orientation of the main axis; Determine the green space area according to the plot area and greening rate, generate a green space at the plot center point location, and the orientation of the green space is the same as that of the main axis; Use multiple points on the main axis as dividing points, perpendicular to the main axis, divide the plot on both sides of the main axis to obtain multiple sub-plots, and use the dividing lines as secondary roads; Obtain the residential building type information according to the house type plan, and the residential building type information includes building outline, building standard floor area, circumscribed rectangle of the building outline and its dimensions, and building outline center point location; Carry out the layout of residential buildings on the sub-plots according to the residential building type information; Calculate the height of the residential building; Conduct index accounting based on the height of the residential building, and automatically generate a layout plan of the residential land when the index requirements are met.

2. The automatic planning and layout method for residential land based on planning indicators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main axis starts from the plot center point and runs through the entire plot along the set orientation.

3. The method for automatically planning and laying out residential land based on planning indicators according to claim 1, wherein: The width of the main axis is 10m.

4. The automatic planning and layout method for residential land based on planning indicators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The green space is a rectangular green space, and the width of the rectangular green space is determined by the minor axis of the plot, and the length is determined by the green space area and its width.

5. The method for automatically planning and layout of residential land based on planning indicators according to claim 4, characterized in that: Divide the minor axis of the plot into 10 equal parts, set a certain endpoint of the minor axis of the plot as the 1st equal division point, and use the length between the 4th equal division point and the 8th equal division point as the width of the rectangular green space.

6. The automatic planning and layout method for residential land based on planning indicators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between any two adjacent dividing points is equal, and the distance between two adjacent dividing points is equal to the building sunshine spacing + building depth.

7. The automatic planning and layout method for residential land based on planning indicators according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The specific principles of the layout of residential buildings are as follows: The residential buildings are arranged parallel to the corresponding secondary roads and are located between two corresponding secondary roads or on the south side of the corresponding secondary roads; The number of residential buildings arranged on each sub-plot is equal to the length of the secondary road on the north side of the residential building / (the width of the circumscribed rectangle of the building outline + building spacing); The house type outlines of the residential buildings are combined in a row according to the gable walls.

8. The automatic planning and layout method of residential land based on planning indicators according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distance between the residential building and the secondary road on the north side of the residential building is 3 meters, and the distance between the gable wall of the residential building and the green space is 6 meters.

9. The automatic planning and layout method for residential land based on planning indicators according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The calculation formula for the height of the residential building is as follows: Residential building height = building storey height * number of building storeys Number of building storeys = total planned building area / cumulative standard floor area Total planned building area = plot ratio * land area.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes: A memory for storing computer programs; A processor for implementing the steps of the automatic planning and layout method of residential land based on planning indicators described in any one of claims 1 to 9 when executing the computer program.

11. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: The computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the automatic planning and layout method of residential land based on planning indicators described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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