A structural optimization method and application of a safe and stable control system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a structural optimization method and application for a safe and stable control system, comprising: 1. calculating reliability parameters for each communication channel and site; 2. calculating the control capability of the top-level site over each bottom-level site, taking into account the site, communication channel reliability parameters, and the resources controlled by each bottom-level site; 3. calculating the control capability and energy redundancy of the safe and stable control system; 4. identifying weak sites based on the energy redundancy and the sensitivity of the control capability to the site; 5. constructing a safe and stable control system model using a ring network structure, with communication delay and bandwidth as constraints and objective functions of maximizing control capability, minimizing energy redundancy, and minimizing the regional equivalent control capability balance difference; 6. solving the safe and stable control system model using a firefly algorithm to obtain an optimized topology of the safe and stable control system. The present invention utilizes a ring network architecture to optimize the structure of the safe and stable control system and improve its control performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of analysis and optimization of power grid security and stability control systems, and in particular to a structural optimization method and application of a security and stability control system. Background Art

[0002] As the power system's second line of defense, grid safety and stability control systems enable DC modulation, generator shedding, and load shedding, preventing serious active and reactive power shortfalls that could lead to frequency instability, power angle instability, and voltage instability. With the interconnection of regional power grids, such as the construction of ultra-high voltage direct current (UHVDC) systems in Central China, East China, Southwest China, and Northwest China, grid safety and stability control systems are becoming increasingly demanding, and the consequences of failures are becoming even more severe.

[0003] Existing safety and stability control systems only consider site risk assessment in two states: failure and operation, resulting in poor reliability. Furthermore, most existing safety and stability control systems employ a tree-like architecture, where failures at higher-level sites can cause loss of control at lower-level sites, resulting in limited control capabilities. Therefore, existing safety and stability control systems are insufficient to meet stability control requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of poor control performance and reliability of existing tree-structured safety and stability control systems, the present invention provides a structural optimization method and application of a safety and stability control system, which can improve the reliability and control capability of the safety and stability control system and reduce the consequences of site or communication channel failures, providing theoretical support for the subsequent design of the safety and stability control system architecture for interconnected power grids.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for optimizing the structure of a safe and stable control system, wherein the topology of the safe and stable control system includes multiple sites and communication channels between the sites, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Calculate the reliability parameters of each communication channel and the reliability parameters of the corresponding site;

[0008] Step 2: Based on the reliability parameters of each communication channel, the reliability parameters of each site, the topology of the security and stability control system, and the resource capacity controlled by the bottom-level sites, the control capability of the top-level site of the topology over the resource capacity controlled by each bottom-level site is calculated;

[0009] Step 3: Based on the control capability of the top-level site over the resource capacity controlled by each bottom-level site, the normal operation probability and malfunction probability of each site, the control capability of the safety and stability control system, the energy redundancy of each site in a malfunction state, and the regional equivalent control capability balance difference index of the safety and stability control system are calculated;

[0010] Step 4: Determine weak sites, including first-category sites and second-category sites. The first-category sites are sites whose energy redundancy is higher than an energy redundancy threshold. The second-category sites are sites whose reliability sensitivity is higher than a reliability sensitivity threshold after calculating the reliability sensitivity of each site based on the control capability of the safety and stability control system.

[0011] Step 5: Using the time delay from the time the grid fault occurs to the time the safety and stability control system executes a protection action and the bandwidth of the communication channel as constraints, and taking the maximum control capability of the safety and stability control system, the minimum energy redundancy of each site in a malfunction state, and the minimum regional equivalent control capability balance difference index of the safety and stability control system as objective functions, a ring structure is established between the weak site and sites at the same level, thereby forming a ring network model of the safety and stability control system that includes a ring structure and a tree structure.

[0012] Step 6: Use the GSO optimization algorithm to solve the ring network model of the safety and stability control system to obtain the optimized topology of the safety and stability control system.

[0013] Optionally, in step 1.1, the failure rate and normal operation probability of each communication channel in the safety and stability control system are calculated according to equations (1) and (2):

[0014]

[0015]

[0016] In formula (1), represents the failure rate of the kth communication channel, represents the normal operation probability of the kth communication channel, λ0 represents the failure rate of the communication channel per unit length, L k represents the length of the kth communication channel; the reliability parameters of each communication channel include the failure rate and normal operation probability of each communication channel.

[0017] Optionally, step 1 includes:

[0018] Step 1.2: Based on the states of the site and the transition process between states, a state space model of the site is established, and the state type of each site is set. The state type of each site is one of normal operation state, malfunction state, refusal state, fault state and regular maintenance state.

[0019] According to formula (3), the transition rate matrix A of the state space of each station is calculated:

[0020]

[0021] In formula (3), λ sr and λ se They represent the probability of any site being in the refusal state and the malfunction state, T represents the maintenance period of any site, t 25 and t 35 They represent the time it takes for maintenance personnel to arrive at the site when a refusal or misoperation occurs at any station, μ 51 The reciprocal of the regular maintenance time of any site; μ 41 represents the repair rate after a failure of any site, α1 is the fault detection coefficient of any site, α2 is the ratio of the number of malfunctions to the sum of the number of malfunctions and the number of refusal to operate when no fault is detected at any site, α3 represents the transition rate from malfunction state to refusal state at any site; α4 represents the transition rate from refusal state to malfunction state at any site, a 11 、a 22 、a 33 、a 33 、a 55 They represent the five main diagonal elements of the transfer rate matrix A, and their values are calculated according to formula (4);

[0022]

[0023] Step 1.3, based on the transfer rate matrix A, pA=0, And formula (5), calculate the state probability matrix p of any site:

[0024]

[0025] p i represents the probability of state i. In formula (5), p1, p2, p3, p4, and p5 represent the probabilities of states 1 to 5, respectively. States 1 to 5 represent normal operation, malfunction, refusal, fault, and regular maintenance, respectively. Φ is the matrix obtained by replacing the last row of elements in A with 1 after transposition and then inverting it. The probability value in the state probability matrix p is used as the reliability parameter of the corresponding site.

[0026] Optionally, step 2 includes:

[0027] Step 2.1, obtaining the control path of each top-level station to each bottom-level station in the safety and stability control system; the control path is the station number and communication channel number passed by the top-level station to reach the bottom-level station;

[0028] Step 2.2: Use formula (6) to calculate the controllable probability p of the xth control path. path,x :

[0029]

[0030] In formula (6), is the probability of normal operation of the i-th site, and is obtained from p1 in formula (5); X x Indicates the site set included in the x-th control path, Y x Represents the set of communication channels included in the x-th control path;

[0031] Step 2.3, use formula (7) to calculate the control capability C of the top-level site of the topology structure of the security and stability control system to the resource capacity controlled by the bottom-level site m m :

[0032]

[0033] In formula (7), N m To control the total number of paths of the bottom station m in a safe and stable control system, P m The resource capacity controlled by site m.

[0034] Optionally, step 3 includes:

[0035] Step 3.1: Calculate the control capability C of the safety and stability control system using formula (8): SSCS :

[0036]

[0037] In formula (8), n is the number of bottom-level sites in the security and stability control system;

[0038] Step 3.2: Use formula (9) to calculate the energy redundancy C of the i-th station in the malfunction state. R,i :

[0039]

[0040] In formula (9), n i is the number of control resources affected by the malfunction of the i-th station; p i,2 and p i,1 They represent the probability of misoperation of the i-th station and the probability of normal operation of the i-th station respectively;

[0041] Step 3.3: Calculate the regional equivalent control capability balance difference ΔC of the safety and stability control system using formula (10): SSCS :

[0042]

[0043] In formula (10), W represents the number of top-level sites, V i Indicates the number of lower-level sites controlled by the i-th site.

[0044] Optionally, step 4 includes:

[0045] Step 4.1: Use formula (11) to determine the first station whose energy redundancy is greater than the energy redundancy threshold after the ith station malfunctions:

[0046] C R,i ≥C R,max (11);

[0047] C R,max is the energy redundancy threshold, C R,i is the energy redundancy of the i-th station after the misoperation;

[0048] Step 4.2: Calculate the sensitivity of the control capability of the safety and stability control system to the reliability of the site using formula (12): The sites whose reliability sensitivity is higher than the reliability sensitivity threshold are determined as the second type of sites:

[0049]

[0050] In formula (12), G represents the control path set of the site.

[0051] Optionally, step 5 includes:

[0052] Step 5.1: Define l as the structural variable of the safety and stability control system, which is used to characterize the structural characteristics of the safety and stability control system. Use Equation (13) to set the first objective function f1(l) with the goal of maximizing the control capability of the safety and stability control system and minimizing the energy redundancy of each station in the malfunction state:

[0053]

[0054] In formula (13), M l represents the number of malfunctions under the structural variable l, C R,i (l), C SSCS (l) are the energy redundancy function and controllability of the structural variable l;

[0055] Step 5.2: Use equation (14) to set the second objective function f2(l) with the goal of minimizing the regional equivalent control capability balance difference of the safety and stability control:

[0056] minf2(l)=ΔC SSCS (l) (14)

[0057] In formula (14), ΔC SSCS (l) is the regional equivalent control capability balance difference of the structural variable l;

[0058] Step 5.3, use formula (15) to obtain the overall objective function f(l):

[0059] minf(l)=ζ1f1(l)+ζ2f2(l) (15)

[0060] In formula (15), ζ1 and ζ2 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding objective function;

[0061] Step 5.4: Use equation (16) to obtain the communication bandwidth constraint of the safety and stability control system:

[0062]

[0063] In formula (16), b q represents the number of bytes of the qth message, g is the total number of messages; t is the time it takes for the station to send and receive data, E v is the maximum number of sites that can be placed in the ring network v; v cable The data transmission speed of the communication channel of the safety and stability control system;

[0064] Step 5.5: Use equation (17) to get the time delay T of the safety and stability control system. delay Constraints:

[0065] T delay ≤T max (17)

[0066] In formula (17), T max The maximum time delay from the occurrence of a fault to the action of the security control system.

[0067] Step 5.6: Establish a ring structure of the weak sites by establishing a ring communication channel between each weak site and the same-level site, and calculate the objective function, the communication bandwidth constraint and the delay T under each ring structure. delay The actual value of the constraint is used to determine the optimal ring structure, and a ring network model of the safety and stability control system including a tree structure and a ring structure is obtained.

[0068] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a structural optimization device for a safe and stable control system, wherein the topology of the safe and stable control system includes multiple sites and communication channels between the sites, and the device includes:

[0069] A first calculation module is used to calculate the reliability parameters of each communication channel and the reliability parameters of the corresponding site;

[0070] a second calculation module configured to calculate the control capability of a top-level site of the topology structure over the resource capacity controlled by each bottom-level site based on the reliability parameters of each communication channel, the reliability parameters of each site, the topology structure of the security and stability control system, and the resource capacity controlled by the bottom-level sites;

[0071] a third calculation module, configured to calculate the control capability of the safety and stability control system, the energy redundancy of each site in a malfunction state, and a regional equivalent control capability balance difference index of the safety and stability control system based on the control capability of the top-level site over the resource capacity controlled by each bottom-level site, the normal operation probability and malfunction probability of each site;

[0072] a determination module, configured to determine weak sites including first-category sites and second-category sites, wherein the first-category sites are sites having an energy redundancy greater than an energy redundancy threshold, and the second-category sites are sites having a higher reliability sensitivity after calculating the reliability sensitivity of each site based on the control capability of the safety and stability control system;

[0073] a construction module for establishing a ring structure between the weak site and sites at the same level, using the time delay from the time a power grid fault occurs to the time the safety and stability control system executes a protection action and the bandwidth of the communication channel as constraints, and using as objective functions the maximum control capability of the safety and stability control system, the minimum energy redundancy of each site in a malfunction state, and the minimum regional equivalent control capability balance difference index of the safety and stability control system, to form a ring network model of the safety and stability control system including a ring structure and a tree structure;

[0074] The fourth calculation module is used to solve the ring network model of the safety and stability control system using the GSO optimization algorithm to obtain the optimized topology structure of the safety and stability control system.

[0075] Optionally, the first calculation module is used to calculate the failure rate and normal operation probability of each communication channel in the safety and stability control system according to formula (1) and formula (2):

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] In formula (1), represents the failure rate of the kth communication channel, represents the normal operation probability of the kth communication channel, λ0 represents the failure rate of the communication channel per unit length, L k represents the length of the kth communication channel; the reliability parameters of each communication channel include the failure rate and normal operation probability of each communication channel.

[0079] Optionally, the first calculation module is configured to establish a state space model of the site based on the states existing in the site and the transition process between the states, and set a state type for each site, where the state type of each site is one of a normal operating state, a malfunction state, a refusal state, a fault state, and a periodic maintenance state;

[0080] According to formula (3), the transition rate matrix A of the state space of each station is calculated:

[0081]

[0082] In formula (3), λ sr and λ se They represent the probability of any site being in the refusal state and the malfunction state, T represents the maintenance period of any site, t 25 and t 35 They represent the time it takes for maintenance personnel to arrive at the site when a refusal or misoperation occurs at any station, μ 51 The reciprocal of the regular maintenance time of any site; μ 41 represents the repair rate after a failure of any site, α1 is the fault detection coefficient of any site, α2 is the ratio of the number of malfunctions to the sum of the number of malfunctions and the number of refusal to operate when no fault is detected at any site, α3 represents the transition rate from malfunction state to refusal state at any site; α4 represents the transition rate from refusal state to malfunction state at any site, a 11 、a 22 、a 33 、a 33 、a 55 They represent the five main diagonal elements of the transfer rate matrix A, and their values are calculated according to formula (4);

[0083]

[0084] Based on the transfer rate matrix A, pA=0, And formula (5), calculate the state probability matrix p of any site:

[0085]

[0086] p irepresents the probability of state i. In formula (5), p1, p2, p3, p4, and p5 represent the probabilities of states 1 to 5, respectively. States 1 to 5 represent normal operation, malfunction, refusal, fault, and regular maintenance, respectively. Φ is the matrix obtained by replacing the last row of elements in A with 1 after transposition and then inverting it. The probability value in the state probability matrix p is used as the reliability parameter of the corresponding site.

[0087] Optionally, the second calculation module is used to obtain the control path of each top-level station to each bottom-level station in the safety and stability control system; the control path is the station number and communication channel number passed by the top-level station to reach the bottom-level station; the controllable probability p of the x-th control path is calculated using formula (6): path,x :

[0088]

[0089] In formula (6), is the probability of normal operation of the i-th site, and is obtained from p1 in formula (5); X x Indicates the site set included in the x-th control path, Y x represents the set of communication channels contained in the x-th control path; using formula (7) to calculate the control capability C of the top-level site of the topology structure of the safe and stable control system to the resource capacity controlled by the bottom-level site m m :

[0090]

[0091] In formula (7), N m To control the total number of paths of the bottom station m in a safe and stable control system, P m The resource capacity controlled by the underlying site m.

[0092] Optionally, the third calculation module is used to calculate the control capability C of the safety and stability control system using formula (8) SSCS :

[0093]

[0094] In formula (8), n is the number of bottom-level stations in the safety and stability control system; the energy redundancy C of the i-th station in the malfunction state is calculated using formula (9): R,i :

[0095]

[0096] In formula (9), n i is the number of control resources affected by the malfunction of the i-th station; p i,2 and p i,1They represent the probability of misoperation of the i-th station and the probability of normal operation of the i-th station respectively;

[0097] The regional equivalent control capability balance difference ΔC of the safety and stability control system is calculated using formula (10): SSCS :

[0098]

[0099] In formula (10), W represents the number of top-level sites, V i Indicates the number of lower-level sites controlled by the i-th site.

[0100] Optionally, the determining module is configured to use formula (11) to determine that the station whose energy redundancy after the ith station malfunctions is greater than the energy redundancy threshold is the first station: C R,i ≥C R,max (11), C R,max is the energy redundancy threshold, C R，i is the energy redundancy of the i-th station after the misoperation; the sensitivity of the control capability of the safety and stability control system to the reliability of the station is calculated using formula (12): The sites whose reliability sensitivity is higher than the reliability sensitivity threshold are determined as the second type of sites:

[0101]

[0102] In formula (12), G represents the control path set of the site.

[0103] Optionally, the building module is used to define l as a structural variable of the safety and stability control system, which is used to characterize the structural characteristics of the safety and stability control system, and use formula (13) to set a first objective function f1(l) with the goal of maximizing the control capability of the safety and stability control system and minimizing the energy redundancy of each station in a malfunction state:

[0104]

[0105] In formula (13), M l represents the number of malfunctions under the structural variable l, C R,i (l), C SSCS (l) are the energy redundancy function and controllability of the structural variable l;

[0106] The second objective function f2(l) is set by formula (14) to minimize the balance difference of the regional equivalent control capability of the safety and stability control:

[0107] minf2(l)=ΔC SSCS (l) (14)

[0108] In formula (14), ΔC SSCS (l) is the regional equivalent control capability balance difference of the structural variable l;

[0109] Using formula (15), we can get the overall objective function f(l):

[0110] minf(l)=ζ1f1(l)+ζ2f2(l) (15)

[0111] In formula (15), ζ1 and ζ2 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding objective function;

[0112] The communication bandwidth constraint of the safety and stability control system is obtained using formula (16):

[0113]

[0114] In formula (16), b q represents the number of bytes of the qth message, g is the total number of messages; t is the time it takes for the station to send and receive data, E v is the maximum number of sites that can be placed in the ring network v; v cable is the data transmission speed of the communication channel of the safety and stability control system; in formula (16), b q represents the number of bytes of the qth message, g is the total number of messages; t is the time it takes for the station to send and receive data, E v is the maximum number of sites that can be placed in the ring network v; v cable The data transmission speed of the communication channel of the safety and stability control system;

[0115] Using formula (17), we can get the time delay T of the safety and stability control system: delay Constraints:

[0116] T delay ≤T max (17)

[0117] In formula (17), T max The maximum delay from the occurrence of a fault to the action of the security control system; by establishing a ring communication channel between each weak site and the same-level site to establish a ring structure of the weak site, and calculating the objective function, the communication bandwidth constraint and the delay T under each ring structure delay The actual value of the constraint is used to determine the optimal ring structure, and a ring network model of the safety and stability control system including a tree structure and a ring structure is obtained.

[0118] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a program that supports the processor to execute any of the structural optimization methods of the safety and stability control system, and the processor is configured to execute the program stored in the memory.

[0119] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is run by a processor, the computer program executes the steps of any of the structural optimization methods of the safety and stability control system.

[0120] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:

[0121] 1. Compared with the existing technology, the structural optimization method of a safe and stable control system proposed in this invention adopts the Glowworm Swarm Optimization (GSO) algorithm to list the objective functions and constraint values under all topological schemes and screen out the optimal scheme to optimize the reliability calculation results of the safe and stable control system. It defines and proposes the objective function for the optimal design of the safe and stable control system, providing theoretical support for the design of safe and stable control systems and their interconnected architectures.

[0122] 2. Compared to existing technologies, the proposed site reliability parameter calculation, which takes into account both refusal and malfunction, refines site failure modes and probabilities. This addresses the issue of existing safety and stability control system reliability calculations that only consider site failure probabilities, resulting in overly optimistic results. Based on the site reliability model, this method quantifies the control capability and energy redundancy of safety and stability control systems, providing a new reliability metric for safety and stability control system risk assessment.

[0123] 3. The present invention proposes a method for optimizing the structure of a safe and stable control system. Compared with the existing technology, it comprehensively considers the requirements of time delay and communication bandwidth, and proposes an optimization method for the balance between control capability, energy redundancy and regional equivalent control capability, which determines a new design direction for the architecture design of a safe and stable control system.

[0124] 4. The present invention determines weak sites by calculating the sensitivity of control capabilities and the size of energy redundancy. Compared with the existing technology, it proposes a new method for determining weak sites that comprehensively considers site misoperation and failure, expands the scope of weak sites, and enhances the effect of optimizing the design of the safe and stable control system structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0125] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for optimizing the structure of a safety and stability control system according to the present invention;

[0126] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the calculation process for optimizing the safety and stability control system;

[0127] Figure 3 The station state space model of the present invention taking into account refusal and misoperation;

[0128] Figure 4 Optimize the flow chart for the safety and stability control system using the GSO algorithm;

[0129] Figure 5 This is an example diagram of the safety and stability control system architecture of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0130] In this embodiment, an optimization calculation process of a safety and stability control system is as follows: Figure 2 As shown. Taking into account the site refusal and malfunction, the state space model of the site is established, and the site reliability parameters are determined based on this. According to the reliability parameters of the site and the communication channel, the control capability of the safety and stability control system and the energy redundancy in the event of malfunction are calculated, and the weak sites are determined based on sensitivity analysis. With the maximum control capability, minimum energy redundancy and minimum regional equivalent control capability balance difference as the objective function, and the communication bandwidth and delay as the constraints, the GSO algorithm is used to optimize the safety and stability control system architecture. The optimization process is shown as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0131] like Figure 1 As shown, the structural optimization method of the safety and stability control system includes the following steps:

[0132] Step 1: Calculate the reliability parameters of each communication channel and the reliability parameters of the corresponding site;

[0133] Step 2: Based on the reliability parameters of each communication channel, the reliability parameters of each site, the topology of the security and stability control system, and the resource capacity controlled by the bottom-level sites, the control capability of the top-level site of the topology over the resource capacity controlled by each bottom-level site is calculated;

[0134] Step 3: Based on the control capability of the top-level site over the resource capacity controlled by each bottom-level site, the normal operation probability and malfunction probability of each site, the control capability of the safety and stability control system, the energy redundancy of each site in a malfunction state, and the regional equivalent control capability balance difference index of the safety and stability control system are calculated;

[0135] Step 4: Determine weak sites, including first-category sites and second-category sites. The first-category sites are sites whose energy redundancy is higher than an energy redundancy threshold. The second-category sites are sites whose reliability sensitivity is higher than a reliability sensitivity threshold after calculating the reliability sensitivity of each site based on the control capability of the safety and stability control system.

[0136] Step 5: Using the time delay from the time the grid fault occurs to the time the safety and stability control system executes the protection action and the bandwidth of the communication channel as constraints, and taking the maximum control capability of the safety and stability control system, the minimum energy redundancy of each site in the malfunction state, and the minimum regional equivalent control capability balance difference index of the safety and stability control system as objective functions, a ring structure is established between the weak sites to form a ring network model of the safety and stability control system;

[0137] Step 6: Use the GSO optimization algorithm to solve the ring network model of the safety and stability control system to obtain the optimized topology of the safety and stability control system.

[0138] Optionally, step 1 calculates reliability parameters of each communication channel; establishes a state space model based on the refusal and malfunction states of each site, and calculates the reliability parameters of the corresponding site; this may include:

[0139] Step 1.1: Calculate the failure rate and normal operation probability of each communication channel in the safety and stability control system according to equations (1) and (2):

[0140]

[0141]

[0142] In formula (1), represents the failure rate of the kth communication channel, represents the normal operation probability of the kth communication channel, λ0 represents the failure rate of the communication channel per unit length, L k represents the length of the kth communication channel. The longer the communication channel, the higher its failure probability. The reliability parameters of each communication channel include the failure rate and normal operation probability of each communication channel.

[0143] The failure probability of communication channels per unit length varies in different regions. Taking the overhead lines in plain areas as a benchmark, the outage rate is the outage rate when not affected by terrain factors, the terrain coefficient is 1, and the failure rate per unit length is λ0; for terrains where the surrounding environment and terrain will enhance the impact of wind on the outage rate, such as wind vents and windward slopes, the terrain coefficient is greater than the benchmark value and is taken as 1 to 1.6, and the failure rate is λ0 to 1.6λ0; for terrains where the surrounding environment and terrain will weaken the impact of wind on the outage rate, such as forests and residential areas, the terrain coefficient is less than and is taken as 0.9λ0 to λ0.

[0144] The step 1 comprises:

[0145] Step 1.2: Based on the states of the site and the transition process between states, the state space model of the site is established, such as Figure 3 Set the status type of each site, which can be one of normal operation, malfunction, refusal, fault and regular maintenance.

[0146] According to formula (3), the transition rate matrix A of the state space of each station is calculated:

[0147]

[0148] In formula (3), λ sr and λ se They represent the probability of any site being in the refusal state and the malfunction state, T represents the maintenance period of any site, t 25 and t 35 They represent the time it takes for maintenance personnel to arrive at the site when a refusal or misoperation occurs at any station, μ 51 The reciprocal of the regular maintenance time of any site; μ 41 represents the repair rate after a fault at any site, α1 is the fault detection coefficient of any site, α2 is the ratio of the number of malfunctions to the sum of the number of malfunctions and refusal to operate when no fault is detected at any site, α3 represents the transition rate from malfunction state to refusal state at any site; α4 represents the transition rate from refusal state to malfunction state at any site, a 11 、a 22 、a 33 、a 33 、a 55 They represent the opposite numbers of the five main diagonal elements on the transfer rate matrix A, and their values are the sum of the main diagonal element values. Their values are obtained according to formula (4):

[0149]

[0150] Step 1.3, based on the transfer rate matrix A, pA = 0 and And formula (5), calculate the state probability matrix p of any site:

[0151]

[0152] p i represents the probability of state i. In formula (5), p1, p2, p3, p4, and p5 represent the probabilities of states 1 to 5, respectively. States 1 to 5 represent normal operation, malfunction, refusal, fault, and regular maintenance, respectively. Φ is the matrix obtained by replacing the last row of elements in A with 1 after transposition and then inverting it. The probability value in the state probability matrix p is used as the reliability parameter of the corresponding site.

[0153] Step 2: Based on the reliability parameters of each communication channel, the reliability parameters of each site, the topology of the security and stability control system, and the resource capacity controlled by the bottom-level sites, the control capability of the top-level site of the topology over the resource capacity controlled by each bottom-level site is calculated;

[0154] Step 2.1, Figure 5 Taking the topology of the safety and stability control system shown in the figure as an example, the control path of each top-level station to each bottom-level station in the safety and stability control system is obtained; the control path is the station number and communication channel number passed by the top-level station to reach the bottom-level station;

[0155] Step 2.2: Calculate the controllable probability p of the xth control path using formula (7): path,x :

[0156]

[0157] In formula (7), is the probability of normal operation of the i-th site, and is obtained from p1 in formula (5); X x Indicates the site set included in the x-th control path, Y x Represents the set of communication channels included in the x-th control path;

[0158] Step 2.3, use formula (7) to calculate the control capability C of the top-level site of the topology structure of the security and stability control system over the resources controlled by the bottom-level site m m :

[0159]

[0160] In formula (7), N m To control the total number of paths of the bottom station m in a safe and stable control system, P m The resource capacity controlled by the underlying site m.

[0161] Step 3: Based on the control capability of the top-level site over the resource capacity controlled by each bottom-level site, the normal operation probability and malfunction probability of each site, the control capability of the safety and stability control system, the energy redundancy of each site in a malfunction state, and the regional equivalent control capability balance difference index of the safety and stability control system are calculated;

[0162] Step 3.1: Calculate the control capability C of the safety and stability control system using formula (8): SSCS :

[0163]

[0164] In formula (8), n is the number of bottom-level sites in the security and stability control system;

[0165] Step 3.2: Use formula (9) to calculate the energy redundancy C of the i-th station in the malfunction state. R,i :

[0166]

[0167] In formula (9), n i is the number of control resources affected by the malfunction of the i-th station; p i,2 and p i,1 They represent the probabilities of malfunction and normal operation of the i-th station respectively.

[0168] Step 3.3: Calculate the regional equivalent control capability balance difference ΔC of the safety and stability control system using formula (10): SSCS :

[0169]

[0170] In formula (10), W represents the number of top-level sites, V i Indicates the number of lower-level sites controlled by the i-th site;

[0171] Step 4: Determine weak sites, including first-category sites and second-category sites. The first-category sites are sites whose energy redundancy is higher than an energy redundancy threshold. The second-category sites are sites whose reliability sensitivity is higher than a reliability sensitivity threshold after calculating the reliability sensitivity of each site based on the control capability of the safety and stability control system.

[0172] Step 4.1: Use formula (11) to determine the first station whose energy redundancy is greater than the energy redundancy threshold after the ith station malfunctions:

[0173] C R,i ≥C R,max (11);

[0174] C R,max is the energy redundancy threshold, C R,i is the energy redundancy of the i-th station after the misoperation;

[0175] Step 4.2: Calculate the sensitivity of the control capability of the safety and stability control system to the reliability of the site using formula (12): The sites whose reliability sensitivity is higher than the reliability sensitivity threshold are determined as the second type of sites:

[0176]

[0177] In formula (12), G represents the control path set of the site.

[0178] Step 5: Using the time delay from the time the grid fault occurs to the time the safety and stability control system executes the protection action and the bandwidth of the communication channel as constraints, and taking the maximum control capability of the safety and stability control system, the minimum energy redundancy of each site in the malfunction state, and the minimum regional equivalent control capability balance difference index of the safety and stability control system as objective functions, a ring structure is established between the weak sites to form a ring network model of the safety and stability control system;

[0179] Step 5.1: Define l as the structural variable of the safety and stability control system, which reflects the structural characteristics of the safety and stability control system. Use Equation (13) to set the first objective function f1(l) with the goal of maximizing the control capability of the safety and stability control system and minimizing the energy redundancy of each station in the malfunction state:

[0180]

[0181] In formula (13), M l represents the number of malfunctions under the structural variable l, C R,i (l), C SSCS (l) are the energy redundancy function and controllability of the structural variable l;

[0182] Step 5.2: Use equation (14) to set the second objective function f2(l) with the goal of minimizing the regional equivalent control capability balance difference of the safety and stability control:

[0183] minf2(l)=ΔC SSCS (l) (14)

[0184] In formula (14), ΔC SSCS (l) is the regional equivalent control capability balance difference of the structural variable l;

[0185] Step 5.3, use formula (15) to obtain the overall objective function f(l):

[0186] minf(l)=ζ1f1(l)+ζ2f2(l) (15)

[0187] In formula (15), ζ1 and ζ2 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding objective function;

[0188] Step 5.4: Use equation (16) to obtain the communication bandwidth constraint of the safety and stability control system:

[0189]

[0190] In formula (16), b qrepresents the number of bytes of the qth information, g is the total amount of information, which includes voltage, current, power and switch quantity; t is the time for the station to send and receive data, E v is the maximum number of sites that can be placed in the ring network v; v cable The data transmission speed of the communication channel of the safety and stability control system;

[0191] Step 5.5, use formula (17) to get the time delay T of the safety and stability control system delay Constraints:

[0192] T delay ≤T max (17)

[0193] In formula (17), T max The maximum time delay from the occurrence of a fault to the action of the security control system.

[0194] Step 5.6: Establish a ring structure of the weak sites by establishing a ring communication channel between each weak site and the same-level site, and calculate the objective function, the communication bandwidth constraint and the delay T under each ring structure. delay The actual value of the constraint is used to determine the optimal ring structure, and a ring network model of the safety and stability control system including a tree structure and a ring structure is obtained.

[0195] Step 6: Use the GSO optimization algorithm to solve the ring network model of the safety and stability control system to obtain the optimized topology of the safety and stability control system.

[0196] Step 6.1: read in the basic data of the safety and stability control system, including the topology, controllable capacity of the site, and weak sites;

[0197] Step 6.2: randomly generate q site connection methods to form the initial population;

[0198] Step 6.3, select the individual with the smallest objective function in the population as the discoverer, randomly select 80% of the remaining members as joiners, and the remaining 20% as wanderers;

[0199] Step 6.4: The discoverer performs local optimization and updates the positions of the joiners and wanderers.

[0200] In step 6.5, calculate the new individual objective function, reselect the individual with the minimum objective function as the discoverer, and determine whether the constraints are met. If so, output the complete optimization solution. If not, determine whether the discoverer has changed. If so, update the joiner and wanderer membership and proceed to step 6.4. If not, proceed directly to step 6.4.

[0201] In addition, in one embodiment, the present application further provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor. The memory is used to store an application program executable by the processor. When the application program is executed by the processor, the processor can execute the structural optimization method for a safety and stability control system described in any of the above embodiments of the present application.

[0202] In addition, in one embodiment, the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is run by a processor, the computer program executes the steps of any of the structural optimization methods of the safety and stability control system.

[0203] In addition, in one embodiment, the present application also provides a structural optimization device for a safe and stable control system, wherein the topology of the safe and stable control system includes multiple sites and communication channels between the sites, and the device includes:

[0204] A first calculation module is used to calculate the reliability parameters of each communication channel and the reliability parameters of the corresponding site;

[0205] a second calculation module, configured to calculate the control capability of the top-level site of the topology structure over the resource capacity controlled by each bottom-level site based on the reliability parameters of each communication channel, the reliability parameters of each site, the topology structure of the security and stability control system, and the resource capacity controlled by the bottom-level sites;

[0206] a third calculation module, configured to calculate the control capability of the safety and stability control system, the energy redundancy of each site in a malfunction state, and a regional equivalent control capability balance difference index of the safety and stability control system based on the control capability of the top-level site over the resource capacity controlled by each bottom-level site, the failure probability, and the malfunction probability of each site;

[0207] a determination module, configured to determine weak sites including first-category sites and second-category sites, wherein the first-category sites are sites whose energy redundancy is higher than an energy redundancy threshold, and the second-category sites are sites whose reliability sensitivity is higher than a reliability sensitivity threshold after reliability sensitivity of each site is calculated based on the control capability of the safety and stability control system;

[0208] a construction module, configured to construct a ring network model of the safety and stability control system using the time delay from the time a power grid fault occurs to the time the safety and stability control system executes a protection action and the bandwidth of the communication channel as constraints, and using as objective functions the maximum control capability of the safety and stability control system, the minimum energy redundancy of each site in a malfunction state, and the minimum regional equivalent control capability balance difference index of the safety and stability control system;

[0209] The fourth calculation module is used to solve the ring network model of the safety and stability control system using the GSO optimization algorithm to obtain the optimized topology structure of the safety and stability control system.

[0210] Optionally, the first calculation module is used to calculate the failure rate and normal operation probability of each communication channel in the safety and stability control system according to formula (1) and formula (2):

[0211]

[0212]

[0213] In formula (1), represents the failure rate of the kth communication channel, represents the normal operation probability of the kth communication channel, λ0 represents the failure rate of the communication channel per unit length, L k represents the length of the kth communication channel; the reliability parameters of each communication channel include the failure rate and normal operation probability of each communication channel.

[0214] Optionally, the first calculation module is configured to establish a state space model of the site based on the states existing in the site and the transition process between the states, and set a state type for each site, where the state type of each site is one of a normal operating state, a malfunction state, a refusal state, a fault state, and a periodic maintenance state;

[0215] According to formula (3), the transition rate matrix A of the state space of each station is calculated:

[0216]

[0217] In formula (3), λ sr and λ se They represent the probability of any site being in the refusal state and the malfunction state, T represents the maintenance period of any site, t 25 and t 35 They represent the time it takes for maintenance personnel to arrive at the site when a refusal or misoperation occurs at any station, μ 51 The reciprocal of the regular maintenance time of any site; μ 41 represents the repair rate after a failure of any site, α1 is the fault detection coefficient of any site, α2 is the ratio of the number of malfunctions to the sum of the number of malfunctions and the number of refusal to operate when no fault is detected at any site, α3 represents the transition rate from malfunction state to refusal state at any site; α4 represents the transition rate from refusal state to malfunction state at any site, a 11 、a 22 、a 33 、a 33 、a55 They represent the five main diagonal elements of the transfer rate matrix A, and their values are calculated according to formula (4);

[0218]

[0219] Based on the transfer rate matrix A, pA=0, And formula (5), calculate the state probability matrix p of any site:

[0220]

[0221] p i represents the probability of state i. In formula (5), p1, p2, p3, p4, and p5 represent the probabilities of states 1 to 5, respectively. States 1 to 5 represent normal operation, malfunction, refusal, fault, and regular maintenance, respectively. Φ is the matrix obtained by replacing the last row of elements in A with 1 after transposition and then inverting it. The probability value in the state probability matrix p is used as the reliability parameter of the corresponding site.

[0222] Optionally, the second calculation module is used to obtain the control path of each top-level station to each bottom-level station in the safety and stability control system; the control path is the station number and communication channel number passed by the top-level station to reach the bottom-level station; the controllable probability p of the x-th control path is calculated using formula (6): path,x :

[0223]

[0224] In formula (6), is the probability of normal operation of the i-th site, and is obtained from p1 in formula (5); X x Indicates the site set included in the x-th control path, Y x represents the set of communication channels contained in the x-th control path; using formula (7) to calculate the control capability C of the top-level site of the topology structure of the safe and stable control system to the resource capacity controlled by the bottom-level site m m :

[0225]

[0226] In formula (7), N m To control the total number of paths of the bottom station m in a safe and stable control system, P m The resource capacity controlled by the underlying site m.

[0227] Optionally, the third calculation module is used to calculate the control capability C of the safety and stability control system using formula (8) SSCS :

[0228]

[0229] In formula (8), n is the number of bottom-level stations in the safety and stability control system; the energy redundancy C of the i-th station in the malfunction state is calculated using formula (9): R,i :

[0230]

[0231] In formula (9), n i is the number of control resources affected by the malfunction of the i-th station; p i,2 and p i,1 They represent the probability of misoperation of the i-th station and the probability of normal operation of the i-th station respectively;

[0232] The regional equivalent control capability balance difference ΔC of the safety and stability control system is calculated using formula (10): SSCS :

[0233]

[0234] In formula (10), W represents the number of top-level sites, V i Indicates the number of lower-level sites controlled by the i-th site.

[0235] Optionally, the determining module is configured to use formula (11) to determine that the station whose energy redundancy after the ith station malfunctions is greater than the energy redundancy threshold is the first station: C R,i ≥C R,max (11), C R,max is the energy redundancy threshold, C R，i is the energy redundancy of the i-th station after the misoperation; the sensitivity of the control capability of the safety and stability control system to the reliability of the station is calculated using formula (12): The sites whose reliability sensitivity is higher than the reliability sensitivity threshold are determined as the second type of sites:

[0236]

[0237] In formula (12), G represents the control path set of the site.

[0238] Optionally, the building module is used to define l as a structural variable of the safety and stability control system, which is used to characterize the structural characteristics of the safety and stability control system, and use formula (13) to set a first objective function f1(l) with the goal of maximizing the control capability of the safety and stability control system and minimizing the energy redundancy of each station in a malfunction state:

[0239]

[0240] In formula (13), M l represents the number of malfunctions under the structural variable l, C R,i (l), C SSCS (l) are the energy redundancy function and controllability of the structural variable l;

[0241] The second objective function f2(l) is set by formula (14) to minimize the balance difference of the regional equivalent control capability of the safety and stability control:

[0242] minf2(l)=ΔC SSCS (l) (14)

[0243] In formula (14), ΔC SSCS (l) is the regional equivalent control capability balance difference of the structural variable l;

[0244] Using formula (15), we can get the overall objective function f(l):

[0245] minf(l)=ζ1f1(l)+ζ2f2(l) (15)

[0246] In formula (15), ζ1 and ζ2 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding objective function;

[0247] The communication bandwidth constraint of the safety and stability control system is obtained using formula (16):

[0248]

[0249] In formula (16), b q represents the number of bytes of the qth message, g is the total number of messages; t is the time it takes for the station to send and receive data, E v is the maximum number of sites that can be placed in the ring network v; v cable is the data transmission speed of the communication channel of the safety and stability control system; in formula (16), b q represents the number of bytes of the qth message, g is the total number of messages; t is the time it takes for the station to send and receive data, E v is the maximum number of sites that can be placed in the ring network v; v cable The data transmission speed of the communication channel of the safety and stability control system;

[0250] Using formula (17), we can get the time delay T of the safety and stability control system: delay Constraints:

[0251] T delay ≤T max (17)

[0252] In formula (17), T maxThe maximum delay from the occurrence of a fault to the action of the security control system; establishing a ring structure of the weak site, and calculating the objective function, the communication bandwidth constraint and the delay T under each ring structure delay The actual value of the constraint is used to determine the optimal ring structure and obtain the ring network model of the safety and stability control system.

[0253] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as methods, apparatus, or computer program products. Thus, the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0254] The present disclosure is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram and the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0255] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0256] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0257] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit its scope of protection. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that after reading the present disclosure, those skilled in the art can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation methods of the invention, but these changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions are all within the scope of protection of the disclosed claims to be approved.

Claims

1. A structural optimization method for a safe and stable control system, wherein the topology of the safe and stable control system includes multiple sites and communication channels between the sites, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Calculate the reliability parameters of each communication channel and the reliability parameters of the corresponding site; Step 2: Based on the reliability parameters of each communication channel, the reliability parameters of each site, the topology of the security and stability control system, and the resource capacity controlled by the bottom-level sites, the control capability of the top-level site of the topology over the resource capacity controlled by each bottom-level site is calculated; Step 3: Based on the control capability of the top-level site over the resource capacity controlled by each bottom-level site, the normal operation probability and malfunction probability of each site, the control capability of the safety and stability control system, the energy redundancy of each site in a malfunction state, and the regional equivalent control capability balance difference index of the safety and stability control system are calculated; Step 4: Determine weak sites, including first-category sites and second-category sites. The first-category sites are sites whose energy redundancy is higher than an energy redundancy threshold. The second-category sites are sites whose reliability sensitivity is higher than a reliability sensitivity threshold after calculating the reliability sensitivity of each site based on the control capability of the safety and stability control system. Step 5: Using the time delay from the time the grid fault occurs to the time the safety and stability control system executes a protection action and the bandwidth of the communication channel as constraints, and taking the maximum control capability of the safety and stability control system, the minimum energy redundancy of each site in a malfunction state, and the minimum regional equivalent control capability balance difference index of the safety and stability control system as objective functions, a ring structure is established between the weak site and sites at the same level, thereby forming a ring network model of the safety and stability control system that includes a ring structure and a tree structure. Step 6: Use the GSO optimization algorithm to solve the ring network model of the safety and stability control system to obtain the optimized topology of the safety and stability control system.

2. The structural optimization method of a safety and stability control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 1 comprises: Step 1.1: Calculate the failure rate and normal operation probability of each communication channel in the safety and stability control system according to equations (1) and (2): In formula (1), represents the failure rate of the kth communication channel, represents the normal operation probability of the kth communication channel, λ0 represents the failure rate of the communication channel per unit length, and L k represents the length of the kth communication channel; the reliability parameters of each communication channel include the failure rate and normal operation probability of each communication channel.

3. The structural optimization method of a safety and stability control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step 1 comprises: Step 1.2: Based on the states of the site and the transition process between states, a state space model of the site is established, and the state type of each site is set. The state type of each site is one of normal operation state, malfunction state, refusal state, fault state and regular maintenance state. According to formula (3), the transition rate matrix A of the state space of each station is calculated: In formula (3), λ sr and λ se They represent the probability of any site being in the refusal state and the malfunction state, T represents the maintenance period of any site, t 25 and t 35 They represent the time it takes for maintenance personnel to arrive at the site when a refusal or misoperation occurs at any station, μ 51 The reciprocal of the regular maintenance time of any site; μ 41 represents the repair rate after a failure of any site, α1 is the fault detection coefficient of any site, α2 is the ratio of the number of malfunctions to the sum of the number of malfunctions and the number of refusal to operate when no fault is detected at any site, α3 represents the transition rate from malfunction state to refusal state at any site; α4 represents the transition rate from refusal state to malfunction state at any site, a 11 、a 22 、a 33 、a 33 、a 55 They represent the five main diagonal elements of the transfer rate matrix A, and their values are calculated according to formula (4); Step 1.3, based on the transfer rate matrix A, pA=0, Among them, p i Represents the probability of state i, and the state probability matrix p of any site is calculated using formula (5): In formula (5), p1, p2, p3, p4, and p5 represent the probabilities of states 1 to 5, respectively. States 1 to 5 represent normal operation, malfunction, refusal, fault, and periodic maintenance, respectively. Φ is the matrix obtained by replacing the last row of elements in the transposed A with 1 and then inverting it. The probability value in the state probability matrix p is used as the reliability parameter of the corresponding site.

4. The structural optimization method of a safety and stability control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step 2 includes: Step 2.1, obtaining the control path of each top-level station to each bottom-level station in the safety and stability control system; the control path is the station number and communication channel number passed by the top-level station to reach the bottom-level station; Step 2.2: Use formula (6) to calculate the controllable probability p of the xth control path. path,x : In formula (6), is the probability of normal operation of the i-th site, and is obtained from p1 in formula (5); X x Indicates the site set included in the x-th control path, Y x Represents the set of communication channels included in the x-th control path; Step 2.3, use formula (7) to calculate the control capability C of the top-level site of the topology structure of the security and stability control system to the resource capacity controlled by the bottom-level site m m : In formula (7), N m To control the total number of paths of the bottom station m in a safe and stable control system, P m The resource capacity controlled by the underlying site m.

5. The structural optimization method of a safety and stability control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step 3 includes: Step 3.1: Calculate the control capability C of the safety and stability control system using formula (8): SSCS : In formula (8), n is the number of bottom-level sites in the security and stability control system; Step 3.2: Use formula (9) to calculate the energy redundancy C of the i-th station in the malfunction state. R,i : In formula (9), n i is the number of control resources affected by the malfunction of the i-th station; p i,2 and p i,1 They represent the probability of misoperation of the i-th station and the probability of normal operation of the i-th station respectively; Step 3.3: Calculate the regional equivalent control capability balance difference ΔC of the safety and stability control system using formula (10): SSCS : In formula (10), W represents the number of top-level sites, V i Indicates the number of lower-level sites controlled by the i-th site.

6. The structural optimization method of a safety and stability control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step 4 comprises: Step 4.1: Use formula (11) to determine the first station whose energy redundancy is greater than the energy redundancy threshold after the ith station malfunctions: C R,i ≥C R,max (11); C R,max is the energy redundancy threshold, C R,i is the energy redundancy of the i-th station after the misoperation; Step 4.2: Calculate the sensitivity of the control capability of the safety and stability control system to the reliability of the site using formula (12): The sites whose reliability sensitivity is higher than the reliability sensitivity threshold are determined as the second type of sites: In formula (12), G represents the control path set of the site.

7. The structural optimization method of a safety and stability control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step 5 comprises: Step 5.1: Define l as the structural variable of the safety and stability control system, which is used to characterize the structural characteristics of the safety and stability control system. Use Equation (13) to set the first objective function f1(l) with the goal of maximizing the control capability of the safety and stability control system and minimizing the energy redundancy of each station in the malfunction state: In formula (13), M l represents the number of malfunctions under the structural variable l, C R,i (l), C SSCS (l) are the energy redundancy function and controllability of the structural variable l; Step 5.2: Use equation (14) to set the second objective function f2(l) with the goal of minimizing the regional equivalent control capability balance difference of the safety and stability control: min f2(l)=ΔC SSCS (l) (14) In formula (14), ΔC SSCS (l) is the regional equivalent control capability balance difference of the structural variable l; Step 5.3, use formula (15) to obtain the overall objective function f(l): min f(l)=ζ1f1(l)+ζ2f2(l) (15) In formula (15), ζ1 and ζ2 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding objective function; Step 5.4: Use equation (16) to obtain the communication bandwidth constraint of the safety and stability control system: In formula (16), b q represents the number of bytes of the qth message, g is the total number of messages; t is the time it takes for the station to send and receive data, E v is the maximum number of sites that can be placed in the ring network v; v cable The data transmission speed of the communication channel of the safety and stability control system; Step 5.5: Use equation (17) to get the time delay T of the safety and stability control system. delay Constraints: T delay ≤T max (17) In formula (17), T max The maximum time delay from the occurrence of a fault to the action of the security control system; Step 5.6: Establish a ring structure of the weak sites by establishing a ring communication channel between each weak site and the same-level site, and calculate the objective function, the communication bandwidth constraint and the delay T under each ring structure. delay The actual value of the constraint is used to determine the optimal ring structure, and a ring network model of the safety and stability control system including a tree structure and a ring structure is obtained.

8. A structure optimization device for a safe and stable control system, wherein the topology of the safe and stable control system includes multiple sites and communication channels between the sites, characterized in that: The device comprises: A first calculation module is used to calculate the reliability parameters of each communication channel and the reliability parameters of the corresponding site; a second calculation module, configured to calculate the control capability of the top-level site of the topology structure over the resource capacity controlled by each bottom-level site based on the reliability parameters of each communication channel, the reliability parameters of each site, the topology structure of the security and stability control system, and the resource capacity controlled by the bottom-level sites; a third calculation module, configured to calculate the control capability of the safety and stability control system, the energy redundancy of each site in a malfunction state, and a regional equivalent control capability balance difference index of the safety and stability control system based on the control capability of the top-level site over the resource capacity controlled by each bottom-level site, the normal operation probability and malfunction probability of each site; a determination module, configured to determine weak sites including first-category sites and second-category sites, wherein the first-category sites are sites having an energy redundancy greater than an energy redundancy threshold, and the second-category sites are sites having a higher reliability sensitivity after calculating the reliability sensitivity of each site based on the control capability of the safety and stability control system; a construction module for establishing a ring structure between the weak site and sites at the same level, using the time delay from the time a power grid fault occurs to the time the safety and stability control system executes a protection action and the bandwidth of the communication channel as constraints, and using the maximum control capability of the safety and stability control system, the minimum energy redundancy of each site in a malfunction state, and the minimum regional equivalent control capability balance difference index of the safety and stability control system as objective functions, to form a ring network model of the safety and stability control system including a tree structure and a ring structure; The fourth calculation module is used to solve the ring network model of the safety and stability control system using the GSO optimization algorithm to obtain the optimized topology structure of the safety and stability control system.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that: The memory is used to store a program that supports the processor to execute the structural optimization method of the safety and stability control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the processor is configured to execute the program stored in the memory.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the structural optimization method of the safety and stability control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are executed.

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