Battery racks and energy storage systems including battery racks

Abstract

According to one embodiment of the present invention, an energy storage device is characterized by comprising: a plurality of battery racks, the plurality of battery racks including a plurality of battery modules stacked together; and a laminar flow controller disposed between the plurality of battery racks or between the plurality of battery modules, wherein, in the event of thermal runaway in at least one of the plurality of battery modules, the laminar flow controller utilizes a predetermined fluid to form laminar flow between the plurality of battery racks or between the plurality of battery modules.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a battery rack and an energy storage system including the battery rack.

[0002] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0140705, filed in Korea on October 27, 2020, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Background Technology

[0003] Secondary batteries, which offer high ease of use and possess electrical properties such as high energy density, are widely used not only in portable devices but also in electric vehicles (EVs) or hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) powered by electric drive sources. These secondary batteries not only offer the major advantage of significantly reducing fossil fuel consumption but also produce no byproducts from energy use, thus attracting attention as a new energy source for improving environmental friendliness and energy efficiency.

[0004] Currently widely used types of rechargeable batteries include lithium-ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and nickel-zinc batteries. The operating voltage of a single rechargeable battery cell, or individual battery cell, is approximately 2.5V to approximately 4.5V. Accordingly, when a higher output voltage is required, multiple battery cells are connected in series to construct a battery pack. Additionally, depending on the required charge / discharge capacity of the battery pack, multiple battery cells are connected in parallel to construct a battery pack. Accordingly, the number of battery cells included in a battery pack can be set in various ways according to the required output voltage or charge / discharge capacity.

[0005] Meanwhile, when constructing a battery pack by connecting multiple battery cells in series / parallel, a common method is to first construct a battery module comprising at least one battery cell; and then add other components using the at least one battery module. Simultaneously, the energy storage system is constructed as an energy source by setting at least one such battery rack.

[0006] Traditional energy storage systems are typically constructed to include multiple battery racks. Here, the multiple battery racks are stacked on top of each other and are constructed to include: multiple battery modules, each battery module including at least one battery cell; and a battery rack housing that houses the multiple battery cells.

[0007] In this conventional energy storage system scenario, when overheating occurs in a particular battery rack due to an abnormal condition, the heat generated by the battery modules in the overheated rack is transferred to adjacent battery modules or even to the entire rack, resulting in thermal runaway. This poses a greater risk, such as the entire energy storage system exploding.

[0008] Therefore, when overheating occurs in at least one battery module in a battery rack due to an abnormal condition, there is a need to find a solution to disperse the heat of the battery module experiencing the abnormal condition, thereby preventing thermal runaway and preventing the heat from being directly transferred to adjacent battery racks. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Technical issues

[0010] This disclosure is designed to address problems in the related art, and therefore aims to provide an energy storage system that can prevent thermal runaway when overheating occurs in at least one battery module in a battery rack due to an abnormal condition.

[0011] This disclosure also aims to provide an energy storage system capable of dissipating heat from a battery module experiencing an abnormal condition.

[0012] This disclosure also aims to provide an energy storage system that prevents heat from being directly transferred to adjacent battery racks or battery modules when overheating occurs in at least one battery module in a battery rack due to an abnormal condition.

[0013] Technical solution

[0014] In one aspect of this disclosure, an energy storage system is provided, the energy storage system comprising: a plurality of battery racks, the plurality of battery racks including a plurality of battery modules stacked on top of each other; and a laminar airflow controller disposed between the plurality of battery racks or between the plurality of battery modules, and configured to form a laminar airflow between the plurality of battery racks or between the plurality of battery modules by a predetermined fluid in the event of thermal runaway in at least one of the plurality of battery modules.

[0015] The laminar airflow controller may include: a laminar airflow control unit electrically connected to the plurality of battery racks and configured to generate the laminar airflow through the predetermined fluid; at least one laminar airflow channel connected to the laminar airflow control unit and disposed between the plurality of battery racks or the plurality of battery modules to allow the laminar airflow to pass through it; and a fluid receiving unit connected to the at least one laminar airflow channel and spaced apart from the plurality of battery racks at a predetermined distance to receive the predetermined fluid passing through the at least one laminar airflow channel.

[0016] The laminar airflow channels can be configured in multiple ways, and the multiple laminar airflow channels can be placed between the multiple battery racks and arranged to be longer in the height direction of the multiple battery racks.

[0017] The plurality of laminar airflow channels can be placed on both sides of the outermost battery rack among the plurality of battery racks.

[0018] Each of the plurality of laminar airflow channels may have a length corresponding to the length in the height direction of each of the plurality of battery racks.

[0019] The laminar airflow channels can be configured in multiple ways, and the multiple laminar airflow channels can be arranged between the multiple battery modules and positioned to be longer in the horizontal direction of the multiple battery racks.

[0020] The plurality of laminar airflow channels can be positioned such that they are spaced apart from each other at a predetermined distance in the height direction of the plurality of battery racks.

[0021] Each of the plurality of laminar airflow channels may have a length corresponding to the total length of the plurality of battery racks in the horizontal direction.

[0022] Each of the plurality of battery modules may include at least one battery cell, and the at least one battery cell is configured as a pouch-type secondary battery.

[0023] The predetermined fluid can be air.

[0024] Beneficial effects

[0025] According to the various embodiments described above, an energy storage system can be provided that can prevent thermal runaway when overheating occurs in at least one battery module in a battery rack due to an abnormal condition.

[0026] Additionally, according to the various embodiments described above, an energy storage system can be provided that can dissipate heat from a battery module experiencing an abnormal situation.

[0027] In addition, according to the various embodiments described above, an energy storage system can be provided that, when overheating occurs in at least one battery module in a battery rack due to an abnormal situation, the energy storage system can prevent direct heat transfer to adjacent battery racks or battery modules. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the foregoing disclosure, serve to provide a further understanding of the technical features of the present disclosure; therefore, the present disclosure is not to be construed as limited to the drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a view used to explain the energy storage system described according to embodiments of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 2 It is used for explanation Figure 1 A view of the main components of the energy storage system shown.

[0031] Figures 3 to 5 It is used to explain when in Figure 1 A view of the mechanisms used to prevent the spread of thermal runaway in an energy storage system.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a view used to explain an energy storage system according to another embodiment of this disclosure.

[0033] Figure 7 It is used for explanation Figure 6 A view of the main components of the energy storage system shown.

[0034] Figure 8 and Figure 9 It is used to explain when in Figure 6 A view of the mechanisms used to prevent the spread of thermal runaway in an energy storage system.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a view used to explain an energy storage system according to another embodiment of this disclosure.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a view used to explain an energy storage system according to another embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Before the description, it should be understood that the terminology used in the specification and appended claims should not be construed as limited to its general and dictionary meaning, but rather interpreted based on the meaning and concept corresponding to the technical aspects of the present disclosure, on the basis of allowing the inventors to appropriately define the terminology for best interpretation. Therefore, the description presented herein is merely a preferred example for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure; thus, it should be understood that other equivalents and modifications can be made thereto without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Furthermore, to aid in understanding the invention, the drawings are not shown to scale, and the dimensions of certain components may be exaggerated.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a view used to explain the energy storage system described according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2 It is used for explanation Figure 1 A view of the main components of the energy storage system shown.

[0039] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As an energy source, the energy storage system 10 may include a battery rack 100 and a laminar flow controller 200.

[0040] The battery rack 100 can be configured in multiple ways. The multiple battery racks 100 can be stacked on top of each other. For example, the multiple battery racks 100 can be stacked on top of each other in a horizontal direction.

[0041] Each of the plurality of battery racks 100 may include a plurality of battery modules 110, a battery rack housing 130, and a battery management unit 150.

[0042] The plurality of battery modules 110 can be arranged to be stacked on top of each other. For example, the plurality of battery modules 110 can be stacked on top of each other in the height direction of the battery rack 100.

[0043] The plurality of battery modules 110 may include at least one or more battery cells 115.

[0044] The at least one or more battery cells 115 are secondary batteries and can be configured as pouch-type, prismatic, or cylindrical secondary batteries. In this embodiment, the case where the at least one or more battery cells 115 are configured as pouch-type secondary batteries will be described below.

[0045] The battery rack housing 130 can accommodate the plurality of battery modules 110. Therefore, a receiving space capable of accommodating the plurality of battery modules 110 can be provided in the battery rack housing 130.

[0046] The battery management unit 150 can be disposed in the battery rack housing 130 and can be electrically connected to the plurality of battery modules 110. The battery management unit 150 can control the plurality of battery modules 110. The battery management unit 150 can also be electrically connected to the laminar flow controller 200, which will be described below.

[0047] The laminar flow controller 200 can be disposed between the plurality of battery racks 100 or between the plurality of battery modules 110, and when thermal runaway occurs in at least one of the plurality of battery modules 110, the laminar flow controller 200 can transmit a predetermined fluid F (see [link to relevant documentation]) between the plurality of battery racks 100 or between the plurality of battery modules 110. Figure 4 and Figure 5 This forms a laminar airflow.

[0048] Here, laminar airflow, as opposed to turbulent airflow, is a flow in which fluids do not mix with each other. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the predetermined fluid forming the laminar airflow can be air.

[0049] The laminar flow controller 200 may include a laminar flow control unit 210, a laminar flow channel 230, a fluid containment unit 250, a circulation pipe 270, and a circulation pump 290.

[0050] The laminar airflow control unit 210 can be electrically connected to the plurality of battery racks 100 and can generate laminar airflow through the predetermined fluid F. For this purpose, various mechanisms or electrical components for generating laminar airflow can be provided in the laminar airflow control unit 210.

[0051] The laminar airflow channel 230 can be connected to the laminar airflow control unit 210 and is disposed between the plurality of battery racks 100 or the plurality of battery modules 110 to allow the laminar airflow F to pass through it. In the following, in this embodiment, the laminar airflow channel 230 will be described as being disposed between the plurality of battery racks 100.

[0052] The laminar airflow channel 230 can be configured as multiple channels.

[0053] The plurality of laminar airflow channels 230 can be placed between the plurality of battery racks 100, and can be arranged to be longer in the height direction of the plurality of battery racks 100. In addition, the plurality of laminar airflow channels 230 can be placed on both sides of the outermost battery rack 100 among the plurality of battery racks 100.

[0054] The plurality of laminar airflow channels 230 may have a length corresponding to the length in the height direction of the plurality of battery racks 100. For example, the plurality of laminar airflow channels 230 may have a length that is at least the same as or greater than the length in the height direction of the plurality of battery racks 100.

[0055] The fluid receiving unit 250 can be connected to the at least one laminar airflow channel 230 and spaced apart from the plurality of battery racks 100 at a predetermined distance to receive a predetermined fluid F passing through the at least one laminar airflow channel 230 (see...). Figure 3 and Figure 4 ).

[0056] The circulation conduit 270 is used to circulate a predetermined fluid F (see [reference needed]) that forms a laminar airflow in the laminar airflow channel 230. Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be connected in a communication manner with the laminar airflow channel 230.

[0057] The circulating pump 290 can provide a predetermined fluid F (see...) Figure 4 and Figure 5 The circulation pump 290 can be connected to the circulation pipeline.

[0058] The mechanisms for preventing the spread of thermal runaway in the event of thermal runaway in the energy storage system 10 according to this embodiment will be described in more detail below.

[0059] Figures 3 to 5 It is used to explain when in Figure 1 A view of the mechanisms used to prevent the spread of thermal runaway in an energy storage system during a thermal runaway event.

[0060] refer to Figures 3 to 5 Overheating may occur in at least one of the battery racks 100 in the energy storage system 10 due to abnormal conditions. For example, overheating may occur in the battery cells 115 of the battery module 110 in any of the battery racks 100 due to abnormal conditions. In this case, the heat from the battery module 110, including the overheated battery cells 115, dissipates and propagates to adjacent battery racks 100, resulting in thermal runaway, which may lead to further damage, such as an explosion of the entire energy storage system 10.

[0061] In this embodiment, when such an abnormal situation occurs, the laminar flow controller 200 connected to the battery rack 100 can detect it. When such an abnormal situation occurs, the laminar flow controller 200 can control the laminar flow to be directed toward the laminar flow channel 230.

[0062] The laminar airflow can be formed by the flow of a predetermined fluid F (i.e., air). Specifically, in abnormal situations, the laminar airflow of the predetermined fluid F can be continuously formed inside the laminar airflow channel 230 placed between the battery racks 100 by means of the laminar airflow controller 200.

[0063] In this embodiment, the laminar airflow inside the laminar airflow channel 230 between the battery racks 100 can effectively suppress or block heat transfer to adjacent battery racks 100.

[0064] In addition, in this embodiment, the laminar airflow between the laminar airflow channels 230 can effectively disperse the heat of the battery module 110 of the battery rack 100 where this abnormal situation occurs, and thus can effectively reduce the temperature of the overheated battery rack 100.

[0065] Thus, in this embodiment, the laminar airflow controller 200 can effectively block the transfer of heat to adjacent battery racks 100 when an abnormality occurs due to overheating in at least one of the battery racks 100, thereby preventing dangerous situations such as fire or explosion caused by thermal runaway due to heat transfer to surrounding battery racks 100.

[0066] Furthermore, in this embodiment, heat transfer can be blocked by laminar airflow, thus eliminating the need for separate insulation materials, such as heat shields. In the case of separate insulation materials, there is a problem: the insulation material may be flammable, and in the event of abnormal overheating, this flammable material could actually cause a fire. In this embodiment, the laminar airflow controller 200 can more safely prevent heat from spreading to the surrounding battery rack 100 without the need for separate insulation materials posing this fire risk.

[0067] Figure 6 This is a view used to explain an energy storage system according to another embodiment of this disclosure, and Figure 7 It is used for explanation Figure 6 A view of the main components of the energy storage system shown.

[0068] The energy storage system 20 described in this embodiment is similar to the energy storage system 10 of the previous embodiment. Therefore, redundant descriptions of components that are substantially the same or similar to those in the previous embodiment will be omitted, and the differences between this embodiment and the previous embodiment will be mainly discussed below.

[0069] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7The energy storage system 20 may include a battery rack 100 and a laminar flow controller 300.

[0070] The battery rack 100 may include a battery module 110, a battery rack housing 130, and a battery management unit 150.

[0071] The battery module 110, battery rack housing 130, and battery management unit 150 are similar to those in the previous embodiments, therefore, their redundant descriptions will be omitted below.

[0072] The laminar flow controller 300 may include a laminar flow control unit 310, a laminar flow channel 330, a fluid receiving unit 350, a circulation pipe 370, and a circulation pump 390.

[0073] The laminar airflow control unit 310 is similar to the laminar airflow control unit 210 of the previous embodiment, so its redundant description will be omitted below.

[0074] The laminar airflow channel 330 can be configured in multiple ways.

[0075] The plurality of laminar airflow channels 330 can be arranged between the plurality of battery modules 110 of the battery rack 100, and can be positioned to be longer in the horizontal direction of the plurality of battery racks 100.

[0076] The plurality of laminar airflow channels 330 can be positioned such that they are spaced apart from each other at a predetermined distance in the height direction of the plurality of battery racks 100. Each of the plurality of laminar airflow channels 330 may have a length corresponding to the total length of the plurality of battery racks 100 in the horizontal direction. For example, the plurality of laminar airflow channels 330 may have a length that is at least the same as or greater than the total length of the plurality of battery racks 100 in the horizontal direction.

[0077] The fluid containment unit 350, circulation pipe 370 and circulation pump 390 are similar to the fluid containment unit 250, circulation pipe 270 and circulation pump 290 of the previous embodiment, respectively, and therefore, their redundant descriptions will be omitted below.

[0078] The mechanisms for preventing the spread of thermal runaway in the event of thermal runaway in the energy storage system 20 according to this embodiment will be described in more detail below.

[0079] Figure 8 and Figure 9 It is used to explain when in Figure 6 A view of the mechanisms used to prevent the spread of thermal runaway in an energy storage system.

[0080] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 Overheating may occur in at least one of the battery racks 100 in the energy storage system 20 due to abnormal conditions. For example, overheating may occur in the battery cells 115 of the battery module 110 in any of the battery racks 100 due to abnormal conditions.

[0081] In this embodiment, when such an abnormal situation occurs, the laminar flow controller 300 connected to the battery holder 100 can detect it. When such an abnormal situation occurs, the laminar flow controller 300 can control the laminar flow to be directed toward the laminar flow channel 330.

[0082] In this embodiment, the laminar airflow in the laminar airflow channels 330 between these battery racks 100 can effectively suppress or block heat transfer to adjacent battery modules 110. Specifically, heat transfer to battery modules 110 adjacent to the battery cells 115 of the battery module 110 that is experiencing an abnormality in the height direction can be effectively suppressed or blocked.

[0083] Accordingly, in this embodiment, the laminar airflow controller 300 can effectively prevent heat transfer to adjacent battery modules 110 in the height direction when an abnormality occurs in any of the battery racks 100, thereby preventing the risk of explosion that could occur to the entire battery rack 100.

[0084] Figure 10 This is a view used to explain an energy storage system according to another embodiment of this disclosure.

[0085] The energy storage system 30 described in this embodiment is similar to the energy storage systems 10 and 20 of the previous embodiments. Therefore, redundant descriptions of those components that are substantially the same or similar to those of the energy storage systems 10 and 20 of the previous embodiments will be omitted, and the differences between this embodiment and the previous embodiments will be described in the following text.

[0086] refer to Figure 10 The energy storage system 30 may include a battery rack 100 and a laminar flow controller 400.

[0087] The battery rack 100 may include a battery module 110, a battery rack housing 130, and a battery management unit 150.

[0088] The battery module 110, battery rack housing 130, and battery management unit 150 are similar to those in the previous embodiments, therefore, their redundant descriptions will be omitted below.

[0089] The laminar flow controller 400 may include a laminar flow control unit 410, laminar flow channels 430 and 440, a fluid containment unit 450, a circulation pipe 470, and a circulation pump 490.

[0090] The laminar airflow control unit 410 is similar to the laminar airflow control unit 210 of the previous embodiment, therefore, its redundant description will be omitted below.

[0091] The laminar airflow channels 430 and 440 may include a vertical laminar airflow channel 430 and a horizontal laminar airflow channel 440.

[0092] The vertical laminar airflow channels 430 can be configured in multiple ways. The multiple vertical laminar airflow channels 430 can be placed between the multiple battery racks 100 and on both sides of the outermost battery rack 100.

[0093] The horizontal laminar airflow channels 440 can be configured in multiple ways. The multiple horizontal laminar airflow channels 440 can be arranged between the battery modules 110 of the battery rack 100.

[0094] The fluid containment unit 450, circulation pipe 470 and circulation pump 490 are similar to the fluid containment unit 250, circulation pipe 270 and circulation pump 290 of the previous embodiment, respectively, and therefore, their redundant descriptions will be omitted below.

[0095] In the energy storage system 30 according to this embodiment, the laminar airflow channels 430 and 440 of the laminar airflow controller 400 are configured to include a vertical laminar airflow channel 430 and a horizontal laminar airflow channel 440, thereby effectively preventing heat from being transferred to the surrounding battery rack 100 and battery module 110 in both the vertical and horizontal directions when an abnormal situation occurs.

[0096] Figure 11 This is a view used to explain an energy storage system according to another embodiment of this disclosure.

[0097] The energy storage system 40 according to this embodiment is similar to the energy storage systems 10, 20 and 30 of the previous embodiments. Therefore, redundant descriptions of those components that are substantially the same or similar to those of the energy storage systems 10, 20 and 30 of the previous embodiments will be omitted. Therefore, the differences between this embodiment and the previous embodiments will be described in the following text.

[0098] refer to Figure 11 The energy storage system 40 may include a battery rack 100 and a laminar flow controller 500.

[0099] The battery rack 100 may include a battery module 110, a battery rack housing 130, and a battery management unit 150.

[0100] The battery module 110, battery rack housing 130, and battery management unit 150 are similar to those in the previous embodiments, therefore, their redundant descriptions will be omitted below.

[0101] The laminar flow controller 500 may include a laminar flow control unit 510, a laminar flow channel 530, a fluid receiving unit 550, a circulation pipe 570, and a circulation pump 590.

[0102] The laminar airflow control unit 510 is similar to the laminar airflow control unit 210 of the previous embodiment, therefore, its redundant description will be omitted below.

[0103] The laminar airflow channel 530 is configured in a grid shape. The laminar airflow channel 530 can be placed horizontally between the plurality of battery racks 100 and vertically (i.e., in the height direction) between the plurality of battery modules 110.

[0104] The fluid receiving unit 550, circulation pipe 570 and circulation pump 590 are similar to the fluid receiving unit 250, circulation pipe 270 and circulation pump 290 of the previous embodiment, respectively, and therefore, their redundant descriptions will be omitted below.

[0105] In this embodiment, the laminar airflow channel 530 of the laminar airflow controller 500 is in a grid shape and covers all the left and right sides of the battery module 110 in the horizontal direction as well as its upper and lower sides in the vertical direction. Therefore, when an abnormal situation occurs, the energy storage system 40 can effectively prevent heat from being transferred to the surrounding battery rack 100 and battery module 110 in both the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0106] According to the various embodiments described above, when overheating occurs in at least one of the battery modules 110 of the battery rack 100 due to abnormal conditions, energy storage systems 10, 20, 30 and 40 capable of preventing thermal runaway can be provided.

[0107] In addition, according to the various embodiments described above, energy storage systems 10, 20, 30 and 40 can be provided that can disperse the heat of the battery module 110 in the event of an abnormal situation.

[0108] In addition, according to the various embodiments described above, when overheating occurs in at least one battery module in the battery module 110 of the battery rack 100 due to abnormal conditions, energy storage systems 10, 20, 30 and 40 can be provided to prevent heat from being directly transferred to adjacent battery racks 100 or battery modules 110.

[0109] This disclosure has been described in detail. However, it should be understood that while the detailed description and specific examples indicate preferred embodiments of this disclosure, they are given by way of illustration only, as various changes and modifications within the scope of this disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art based on the detailed description.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, comprising: Multiple battery racks, the multiple battery racks comprising multiple battery modules stacked on top of each other; and Laminar flow airflow controller, the laminar flow airflow controller comprising: A laminar airflow control unit is electrically connected to the plurality of battery racks and is configured to generate laminar airflow through a predetermined fluid; At least one laminar airflow channel is connected to the laminar airflow control unit and is disposed between the plurality of battery modules to allow the laminar airflow to pass through it; and A fluid receiving unit, connected to the at least one laminar airflow channel and spaced apart from the plurality of battery holders at a predetermined distance, is provided to receive the predetermined fluid passing through the at least one laminar airflow channel. When thermal runaway occurs in at least one of the plurality of battery modules, the laminar flow controller is configured to form a laminar flow between the plurality of battery modules by a predetermined fluid.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein, The laminar airflow channels are configured in multiple ways, and the multiple laminar airflow channels are placed between the multiple battery racks and arranged to be longer in the height direction of the multiple battery racks.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein, The plurality of laminar airflow channels are placed on both sides of the outermost battery rack among the plurality of battery racks.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein, Each of the plurality of laminar airflow channels has a length corresponding to the length in the height direction of each of the plurality of battery racks.

5. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein, The laminar airflow channels are configured in multiple ways, and the multiple laminar airflow channels are positioned to be longer in the horizontal direction of the multiple battery racks.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein, The plurality of laminar airflow channels are positioned such that they are spaced apart from each other at a predetermined distance in the height direction of the plurality of battery racks.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein, Each of the plurality of laminar airflow channels has a length corresponding to the total length of the plurality of battery racks in the horizontal direction.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the plurality of battery modules includes at least one battery cell, and The at least one battery cell is configured as a pouch-type secondary battery.

9. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein, The predetermined fluid is air.

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