Phase-change heat storage device with adjustable charging and discharging rate and heat charging and heat extraction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a phase-change heat accumulator with adjustable heat charging and discharging rate and a heat charging and heat extraction method thereof, which relates to the field of phase-change heat accumulators, including a heat storage body, the heat storage body having a cavity; a plurality of heat storage units are arranged in the heat storage body, and the heat storage units are separated by a skeleton; the heat storage unit includes a flow pipe, a phase-change material is arranged at the outer position of the flow pipe, the cavity area in the flow pipe is used as a tube-side flow channel, and the cavity area between the outer side of the flow pipe and the inner wall of the heat storage body is used as a shell-side flow channel; the heat storage unit includes a baffle mechanism, and the baffle mechanism includes a fixed baffle and a movable baffle; compared with a straight tube phase-change heat storage device, it has a larger heat transfer coefficient, and compared with equally spaced spiral tubes, it has a more uniform temperature field. Compared with a plate-type phase-change heat accumulator, it has lower cost and higher controllability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of phase change heat accumulators, and in particular to a phase change heat accumulator with adjustable heat charging and discharging rates. Background Art

[0002] Shell and tube phase change heat accumulator is a latent heat accumulator. In practice, shell and tube phase change heat accumulators are mainly straight tube type and spiral tube type. However, due to the influence of temperature difference on heat exchange efficiency during heat exchange, the heat exchange efficiency of this type of device is high in the front section of the heat exchange tube where the temperature difference is high, while the heat exchange efficiency of the rear section decreases as the temperature difference decreases. At the same time, the uneven temperature field is prone to locally produce large over-cold and over-heating of the heat storage material, which may affect the stability of long-term use. Since the heat exchange area of ​​the conventional heat accumulator pipeline is fixed, it is difficult to effectively control the heat charging and discharging rate of the heat accumulator by simply regulating the mass flow rate. When the heat source has sufficient heat, when the heat source is insufficient, the phase change material in the heat accumulator cannot be completely melted when the entire heat accumulator is stored; and then when the heat is released, the outlet water temperature does not reach the use range. In addition, when performing variable heat storage type heat storage, it is usually achieved by increasing or decreasing its phase change heat storage unit, and this process is cumbersome to operate. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a phase change heat storage device with adjustable heat charging and discharging rate.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: to provide a connected phase-change heat accumulator with adjustable heat charging and discharging rates, comprising a heat storage body, the heat storage body having a cavity; a plurality of heat storage units are arranged in the heat storage body, and the heat storage units are separated by a skeleton; the heat storage unit comprises a flow pipe, a phase-change material is arranged at the outer position of the flow pipe, the cavity area in the flow pipe serves as a tube-side flow channel, and the cavity area between the outer side of the flow pipe and the inner wall of the heat storage body serves as a shell-side flow channel; a diverter cavity and a converging cavity are respectively arranged at both ends of the flow pipe, and the diverter cavity and the converging cavity connect the flow pipes of the heat storage units together; an inlet pipe is arranged on the diverter cavity of one of the heat storage units, and a connecting pipe is arranged on the converging cavity of the same heat storage unit, and the connecting pipe of the same heat storage unit The heat storage unit is connected with the shell-side flow channel of the same heat storage unit and the diverter cavity of another adjacent heat storage unit, and an outlet pipe is arranged on the heat storage unit to communicate with the shell-side flow channel; the heat storage unit includes a baffle mechanism, and the baffle mechanism includes a fixed baffle and a movable baffle, and the fixed baffle is provided with a first fixed baffle through hole and a second fixed baffle through hole, and the first fixed baffle through hole and the second fixed baffle through hole are used to communicate with two adjacent heat storage units respectively, and the movable baffle is provided with a first movable baffle switching hole, a second movable baffle switching hole, and a third movable baffle switching hole, which are used to control the first fixed baffle through hole and the second fixed baffle through hole to be closed, the first fixed baffle through hole or the second fixed baffle through hole to be opened, or the first fixed baffle through hole and the second fixed baffle through hole to be opened.

[0005] The intercommunication phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat charging and discharging rate provided by the present invention has at least the following technical effects by adopting the optimized design of the tube-side flow channel and the shell-side flow channel in the heat storage unit: compared with the straight-tube phase-change heat storage device, it has a larger heat transfer coefficient, and compared with the equally spaced spiral tubes, it has a more uniform temperature field. Compared with the plate-type phase-change heat storage device, it has lower cost and higher controllability.

[0006] As some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a heat-insulating layer is provided on the heat storage body.

[0007] As some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the outer side of the flow tube or the phase change material outside the flow tube is provided with a corrugated structure.

[0008] As some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a spoiler is provided on the heat storage unit.

[0009] As some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the frame includes a partition structure.

[0010] As some preferred embodiments of the present invention, there are four heat storage units in the heat storage body, namely a first heat storage unit on the upper left side, a second heat storage unit on the upper right side, a third heat storage unit on the lower right side, and a fourth heat storage unit on the lower left side.

[0011] As some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the fixed baffle and the movable baffle are connected via a rotating shaft.

[0012] As some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the baffle mechanism includes an input side baffle mechanism and an output side baffle mechanism.

[0013] As some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a middle connecting pipe is provided between the shell-side flow passages of two adjacent heat storage units.

[0014] A heat charging and heat extraction method according to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention includes the above-mentioned intercommunication phase change heat storage device with adjustable heat charging and discharging rates, and the steps include:

[0015] (a) When the charging fluid is gas, the charging is completed through the shell-side flow channel;

[0016] (b) When the charging fluid is liquid, the number of required heat storage units is selected according to the need to complete the charging;

[0017] (b1) When the heat of the hot-charged fluid is small and the mass flow rate is small, the baffle mechanism opens a channel to enter a heat storage unit, and the fluid enters the diversion chamber from the front inlet pipe, then follows the tube-side flow channel to the confluence chamber on the rear side, and then reaches the shell-side flow channel on the rear side of the same heat storage unit through the connecting pipe. The fluid flows from the rear side to the front side in the shell-side flow channel, and finally is discharged from the front outlet pipe;

[0018] (b2) When the heat of the hot-charged fluid is small and the mass flow rate is large, the baffle mechanism opens two channels to enter the two heat storage units. The fluid enters the heat storage body from the inlet pipe on the front side. One of the streams enters the diverter cavity of one of the heat storage units, and then follows the tube-side flow channel to the confluence cavity on the rear side, and then reaches the shell-side flow channel on the rear side of the same heat storage unit through the connecting pipe. The fluid flows from the rear side to the front side in the shell-side flow channel. The other stream enters the diverter cavity of another heat storage unit, and then follows the tube-side flow channel to the confluence cavity on the rear side, and then reaches the shell-side flow channel on the rear side of the same heat storage unit through the connecting pipe. The fluid flows from the rear side to the front side in the shell-side flow channel. Finally, the two streams of fluid are discharged from the outlet pipe on the front side.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1) This patent regularly bends the outer surface of the heat storage unit, thereby increasing the degree of fluid turbulence and improving the heat transfer coefficient between the heat exchange fluid and the phase change material.

[0021] 2) This patent effectively connects the tube side and the shell side of the shell and tube phase change heat accumulator, greatly increases the heat exchange area between the heat exchange fluid and the phase change material within a limited area, and improves the heat exchange rate between the heat exchange fluid and the phase change material.

[0022] 3) This patent uses the outlet of the tube side of the shell and tube heat accumulator as the inlet of the shell side, the inlet side of the tube side is the outlet side of the shell side, and the flow direction of the tube side of each heat storage unit is opposite to the flow direction of the shell side, thereby improving the overall temperature uniformity.

[0023] 4) During heat charging, the present invention can control the amount of heat storage by controlling the amount of heat storage fluid flowing through the heat charging module. Compared with changing the heat storage by increasing or decreasing the heat storage unit, the present invention is simpler and more convenient.

[0024] 5) When the heat source has a small amount of heat, the present invention can reduce the number of heat charging modules and charge part of the phase change material of the heat accumulator, so that when releasing heat, the heat-extracting fluid meets the required temperature.

[0025] 6) When releasing heat to the heat accumulator, this patent connects the tube side and shell side of the shell and tube heat accumulator, increasing the heat exchange area between the heat exchange fluid and the phase change material of the heat accumulator, and having a higher outlet water temperature than the traditional shell and tube phase change heat accumulator.

[0026] 7) When charging the heat accumulator, the present patent can use a variety of different forms of waste heat, increasing the application areas of the shell and tube heat accumulator.

[0027] 8) This patent can regulate the outlet water temperature and heat release power of the heat release through the heat exchange area of ​​the heat accumulator and the mass flow rate of the heat-taking fluid during heat release. The control method is diverse and the control accuracy is higher.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the AA section of the interconnected phase-change heat accumulator with adjustable heat charging and discharging rates of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cross section BB of the interconnected phase-change heat accumulator with adjustable heat charging and discharging rates of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the C direction of the interconnected phase-change heat accumulator with adjustable heat charging and discharging rates of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the D direction of the interconnected phase change heat accumulator with adjustable heat charging and discharging rate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cross section of the EE of the interconnected phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat charging and discharging rates of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the FF cross section of the interconnected phase change heat accumulator with adjustable heat charging and discharging rates of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a working schematic diagram of the baffle mechanism in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention when performing the heating step;

[0038] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention when performing the heat release step;

[0039] Fig.10 It is an illustration of an implementation method of the comparative test of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of thermal conductivity and thermal resistance of the heat exchange fluid and the phase change material of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.12 It is a heat transfer coefficient comparison diagram obtained by comparative tests of the present invention.

[0042] Reference numerals:

[0043] The heat storage body 100, the inlet pipe 110, the outlet pipe 120, the connecting pipe 130, the middle pipe 140, the insulation layer 150, and the base 160; the heat storage unit 200, the phase change material 210, the tube-side flow channel 220, the shell-side flow channel 230, the diversion chamber 240, the confluence chamber 250, the first heat storage unit 260, the second heat storage unit 270, the third heat storage unit 280, and the fourth heat storage unit 290; the skeleton 300; the baffle mechanism 400, the fixed baffle 410, the first through hole 411 of the fixed baffle, the second through hole 412 of the fixed baffle, the movable baffle 420, the first switching hole 421 of the movable baffle, the second switching hole 422 of the movable baffle, the third switching hole 423 of the movable baffle, the input side baffle mechanism 430, and the output side baffle mechanism 440; the spoiler 500. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is more than two, and "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0048] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the BB cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 One embodiment of the present invention provides a phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat-charging and heat-discharging rate, comprising a heat storage body 100, wherein the heat storage body 100 has a cavity. Figure 3 , Figure 4 The heat storage bodies 100 can be connected in series or in parallel.

[0049] Further, see Figure 5 , Figure 6 A plurality of heat storage units 200 are arranged in the heat storage body 100, and the heat storage units 200 are separated by a frame 300 to ensure that the heat storage units 200 in the heat storage body 100 are sealed and separated from each other, and to ensure that the fluids in the heat storage units 200 do not flow in series.

[0050] Furthermore, the heat storage unit 200 includes a flow tube, and a phase change material 210 is arranged outside the flow tube. The cavity area inside the flow tube serves as a tube-side flow channel 220, and the cavity area between the outside of the flow tube and the inner wall of the heat storage body 100 serves as a shell-side flow channel 230. That is, sufficient gaps must be left between the flow tubes in the heat storage unit 200 as the shell-side flow channel 230.

[0051] Furthermore, the two ends of the flow pipe are respectively provided with a flow dividing chamber 240 and a flow converging chamber 250, which connect the flow pipes of the heat storage unit 200. That is, the flow dividing chamber 240 and the flow converging chamber 250 are connected to the tube-side flow channel 220, but not directly connected to the shell-side flow channel 230.

[0052] Furthermore, an inlet pipe 110 is provided on the diverter chamber 240 of one of the heat storage units 200, a connecting pipe 130 is provided on the converging chamber 250 of the same heat storage unit 200, the connecting pipe 130 of the same heat storage unit 200 is connected with the shell-side flow channel 230 of the same heat storage unit 200 and the diverter chamber 240 of another adjacent heat storage unit 200, and an outlet pipe 120 is provided on the heat storage unit 200 to communicate with the shell-side flow channel 230.

[0053] Further, refer to Figure 7 The heat storage unit 200 includes a baffle mechanism 400. The baffle mechanism 400 includes a fixed baffle 410 and a movable baffle 420, that is, the movable baffle 420 can move relative to the fixed baffle 410. The fixed baffle 410 is provided with a first fixed baffle through hole 411 and a second fixed baffle through hole 412, and the first fixed baffle through hole 411 and the second fixed baffle through hole 412 are used to communicate with two adjacent heat storage units 200 respectively. The movable baffle 420 is provided with a movable baffle first switching hole 421, a movable baffle second switching hole 422, and a movable baffle third switching hole 423, which are used to control the fixed baffle first through hole 411 and the fixed baffle second through hole 412 to be closed (fully closed), or control the fixed baffle first through hole 411 or the fixed baffle second through hole 412 to be opened (open one channel), or control the fixed baffle first through hole 411 and the fixed baffle second through hole 412 to be opened (open two channels).

[0054] In actual operation, it is assumed that the inlet pipe 110 and the outlet pipe 120 of one of the heat storage units 200 are at the front side, and the tube-side flow channel 220 and the shell-side flow channel 230 extend along the front-back direction:

[0055] Reference Figure 8 , a method for charging and extracting heat, the charging process can be flexibly adjusted according to the fluid and other needs.

[0056] When the charging fluid is gas, the charging can be completed by using only the shell-side flow channel 230;

[0057] When the charging fluid is liquid, the number of required thermal storage units 200 can be selected as needed to complete the charging.

[0058] When the heat of the charging fluid is small and the mass flow rate is small, if the phase change material of the entire heat storage device is charged with heat, the phase change material will not be completely melted, and then when the heat is released, the outlet water temperature will not reach the required temperature. In response to this situation, the baffle mechanism 400 only opens one channel to enter a heat storage unit 200, and the fluid enters the diversion chamber 240 from the front inlet pipe 110, and then follows the tube-side flow channel 220 to the confluence chamber 250 on the rear side, and then reaches the shell-side flow channel 230 on the rear side of the same heat storage unit 200 through the connecting pipe 130. The fluid flows from the rear side to the front side in the shell-side flow channel 230 (opposite to the direction in the tube-side flow channel 220), and finally discharged from the front outlet pipe 120.

[0059] When the heat of the charging fluid is small and the mass flow rate is large, if the phase change material of the entire heat accumulator is charged, the phase change material will not be completely melted, and then the outlet water temperature will not reach the required temperature when releasing heat. If the heat accumulator partially changes phase to store heat, due to the large mass flow rate, the heat exchange fluid and the phase change material do not have enough time to exchange heat, reducing the charging power. In response to this situation, the present patent stores heat in two heat storage units 200 of the heat accumulator, and the two heat storage units 200 are connected in parallel. The specific baffle mechanism 400 opens two channels to enter the two heat storage units 200 (assuming that it is heat storage unit A). 1 、Heat storage unit A 2 ), the fluid enters the heat storage body 100 from the front inlet pipe 110, one of which (A 1 Share) enters heat storage unit A 1 The fluid flows through the flow channel 220 of the tube side to the confluence chamber 250 at the rear side, and then reaches the shell side flow channel 230 at the rear side of the same thermal storage unit 200 through the connecting pipe 130. The fluid flows from the rear side to the front side in the shell side flow channel 230. The other fluid (A 2 The stock enters the thermal storage unit A 2 The fluid flows through the flow channel 220 and then reaches the confluence chamber 250 at the rear side. Then, it reaches the shell-side flow channel 230 at the rear side of the same thermal storage unit 200 through the connecting pipe 130. The fluid flows from the rear side to the front side in the shell-side flow channel 230. Finally, A 1 , A 2 The two fluids are discharged from the outlet pipe 120 on the front side.

[0060] Reference Fig. 9 The heat release process can be flexibly adjusted according to the terminal demand and other needs. Specifically, the outlet water temperature and heat release power can be changed by simultaneously controlling the mass flow, the number of heat exchange flows through the heat storage modules, and the number of heat exchange fluids flowing through the tube and shell passes; high outlet water temperature and heat release power can also be achieved by increasing the heat exchange fluid flow, taking heat from most of the heat storage modules, and using the heat exchange fluids through the tube and shell passes.

[0061] Some embodiments, see Figure 5 , Figure 6 A heat preservation layer 150 is provided on the heat storage body 100 to reduce heat loss.

[0062] In some embodiments, the outer side of the flow tube or the phase change material 210 outside the flow tube is provided with a corrugated structure. This design can further increase the turbulence of the fluid and improve the heat exchange rate between the hot fluid and the phase change material.

[0063] In some embodiments, a spoiler 500 is provided on the thermal storage unit 200 to further increase the turbulence of the fluid and improve the heat exchange rate between the thermal fluid and the phase change material.

[0064] In some embodiments, the skeleton 300 includes a partition structure to ensure that the fluids of the thermal storage units 200 do not flow in series.

[0065] In some embodiments, there are four heat storage units in the heat storage body 100, namely a first heat storage unit 260 on the upper left, a second heat storage unit 270 on the upper right, a third heat storage unit 280 on the lower right, and a fourth heat storage unit 290 on the lower left.

[0066] In some embodiments, the fixed baffle 410 and the movable baffle 420 are connected via a rotating shaft, that is, the movable baffle 420 can rotate along the rotating shaft, and the movable baffle 420 is more flexible and reliable.

[0067] In some embodiments, the fixed baffle 410 and the movable baffle 420 are connected via a slide groove, that is, the movable baffle 420 can translate along the slide groove.

[0068] In some embodiments, the baffle mechanism 400 includes an input-side baffle mechanism 430 and an output-side baffle mechanism 440 .

[0069] Some embodiments, see Figure 3 , Figure 4 A middle pipe 140 is provided between the shell-side flow passages 230 of two adjacent heat storage units 200 .

[0070] In some embodiments, when the heat and mass flow of the heat-charging fluid are larger, the phase change material of the entire heat accumulator needs to be charged. Since the tube area of ​​the shell and tube phase change heat accumulator is limited, the outlet water temperature of the heat-charging fluid after flowing through the tube is still high, which reduces the heat output rate of the heat-charging process. In view of this situation, the present invention connects the tube side and shell side of the heat accumulator, increases the heat exchange area between the heat exchange fluid and the phase change material of the heat accumulator, and involves four heat storage units 200 (assuming that heat storage unit A 1 、Heat storage unit A 2 , Thermal storage unit B 1 , Thermal storage unit B 2The heat exchange fluid passes through the input side baffle mechanism 430 from the front inlet pipe 110. Specifically, the baffle mechanism 400 opens two channels to enter the two heat storage units 200 (assuming that the heat storage unit A 1 , Thermal storage unit B 1 ), the hot fluid is divided and flows into the upper heat storage unit A respectively 1 , Thermal storage unit B 1 .

[0071] One of the shares (share A) enters the thermal storage unit A 1 The flow is then directed to the flow distribution chamber 240 along the pipe passage 220 to the confluence chamber 250 at the rear side, and then to another heat storage unit 200 (heat storage unit A) through the connecting pipe 130. 2 ) The flow diversion chamber 240 at the rear side enters the pipe flow channel 220. The fluid in the heat storage unit A 2 The pipe-side flow channel 220 flows from the rear side to the confluence chamber 250 on the front side, and then enters the thermal storage unit A through the connecting pipe 130 on the front side. 2 The shell side flow passage 230. The fluid in the thermal storage unit A 2 The shell side flow channel 230 goes from the front side to the rear side, and then enters the heat storage unit A through the middle pipe 140 on the rear side. 1 The shell side flow channel 230 at the rear side, the fluid in the heat storage unit A 1 The shell side flow passage 230 is from the rear side to the front side.

[0072] The other stream (stream B) enters thermal storage unit B 1 The flow is then directed to the flow distribution chamber 240 of the heat storage unit 200 (heat storage unit B) along the pipe flow passage 220 to the confluence chamber 250 at the rear side, and then to another heat storage unit 200 (heat storage unit B) through the connecting pipe 130. 2 ) The flow diversion chamber 240 at the rear side enters the pipe-side flow channel 220. The fluid in the heat storage unit B 2 The pipe-side flow channel 220 flows from the rear side to the confluence chamber 250 on the front side, and then enters the thermal storage unit B through the connecting pipe 130 on the front side. 2 The shell side flow passage 230. The fluid in the thermal storage unit B 2 The shell side flow channel 230 goes from the front side to the rear side, and then enters the heat storage unit B through the middle pipe 140 on the rear side. 1 The shell side flow channel 230 at the rear side, the fluid in the heat storage unit B 1 The shell side flow passage 230 is from the rear side to the front side.

[0073] Finally, the two fluids A and B are discharged from the front outlet pipe 120 after being merged through the output side baffle mechanism 440, completing the heat charging of the entire shell and tube phase change heat accumulator.

[0074] In some embodiments, when the waste heat is hot water, the application scenarios of the heat release process are:

[0075] The heat extraction method at the end here is radiation heat exchange. In order to meet the needs of different outlet water temperatures and different loads at the end, a method of controlling the mass flow rate of outdoor cold water and the heat extraction fluid at the heat accumulator outlet when they are mixed is usually adopted. This method requires an additional water mixing pipeline, which increases the difficulty and initial cost of pipeline layout, and the single control method cannot meet the needs of various outlet water temperatures and loads. This patent uses a multi-mode control method to control the heat exchange area of ​​the heat extraction fluid and the phase change material, and the mass flow rate of heat extraction.

[0076] When the end requires outlet water temperatures of different temperatures, the first heat storage unit 260, the second heat storage unit 270, the third heat storage unit 280, and the fourth heat storage unit 290 are connected in series through effective pipelines, and the heat-taking fluid flows through the tube-side flow channel 220 and the shell-side flow channel 230 of each heat storage module to take heat.

[0077] When the water temperature and load required at the end are high, the heat is obtained by reducing the flow rate of the heat-extracting fluid and delaying the heat exchange time between the heat-extracting fluid and the phase change material. This process will reduce the heat release power. This patent connects the tube side and the shell side of the shell and tube heat accumulator, increasing the heat exchange area between the heat exchange fluid and the phase change material of the heat accumulator. The heat exchange fluid switches between two channels from the front inlet pipe 110 through the input side baffle mechanism 430, and the heat-charging fluid is diverted and flows into the first heat storage unit 260 and the second heat storage unit 270 in the upper part respectively. A heat exchange fluid flows through the diverter cavity 240 and the tube-side flow channel 220 of the first heat storage unit 260, and converges in the converging cavity 250 of the first heat storage unit 260. At this time, through the connecting pipe 130 at the rear side, the fluid enters the tube-side flow channel 220 of the fourth heat storage unit 290 after converging and flows through the diverter cavity 240 and the tube-side flow channel 220 of the second heat storage unit 270, and converges in the converging cavity 250 of the second heat storage unit 270. After converging, the fluid passes through the connecting pipe 130 in sequence and mixes in the converging cavity 250 of the third heat storage unit 280. At this time, through the connecting pipe 130, the fluid flows through the diverter cavity 240 and the shell-side flow channel 230 of the third heat storage unit 280 in sequence, and is diverted in the diverter cavity 240 of the fourth heat storage unit 290. At this time, the middle pipe 140 is opened, and one fluid flows through the rear connecting pipe 130 (between the first heat storage unit 260 and the fourth heat storage unit 290), the shell-side flow channel 230, and the output side baffle mechanism 440, and flows out from the front outlet pipe 120; another fluid flows through the rear connecting pipe 130 (the second heat storage unit 270 and the third heat storage unit 280), the shell-side flow channel 230, and the output side baffle mechanism 440, and flows out from the front outlet pipe 120, thereby meeting the requirements of higher outlet water temperature and heat release power at the end.

[0078] In some embodiments, when the waste heat is high-temperature steam, the application scenarios of the heat charging process are:

[0079] Water vapor heat exchange may produce condensed water, forming a gas-liquid flow in a narrow pipe, destroying the fluid form of the water vapor circulation in the pipe, and may even produce water hammer in the curved part. Therefore, the waste heat is high-temperature steam, which needs to be charged to the phase change material through the shell side. Through the connecting pipe 130 connected to the front side, the shell side flow channel 230, and the diversion in the diversion chamber 240 of the fourth thermal storage unit 290. At this time, the middle pipe 140 between the first heat storage unit 260 and the fourth heat storage unit 290 and the middle pipe 140 between the second heat storage unit 270 and the third heat storage unit 280 are opened, and one fluid flows through the middle pipe 140 between the first heat storage unit 260 and the fourth heat storage unit 290, the shell-side flow channel 230, and the output side baffle mechanism 440, and flows out from the front outlet pipe 120; another fluid flows through the pipe 40, the middle pipe 140 between the second heat storage unit 270 and the third heat storage unit 280, the shell-side flow channel 230, and the output side baffle mechanism 440, and flows out from the front outlet pipe 120, completing the heat charging.

[0080] When the waste heat is high-temperature steam, the operation mode of the heat release process is the same as when the waste heat is hot water.

[0081] In some embodiments, the thermal storage body 100 is a horizontal structure, and a base 160 is disposed on the thermal storage body 100 .

[0082] In some embodiments, the heat exchange coefficient between the heat exchange fluid and PCM of the heat storage unit of the present invention is calculated and compared with the heat exchange fluid of the existing heat storage unit. Fig.10 , including the flow diagram of the heat storage unit of this patent (this patent technology), the comparative heat storage unit flow direction 1 (comparative technology 1), and the comparative heat storage unit flow direction 2 (comparative technology 2), a total of three groups, the inner diameters of the heat storage units of the above three groups are d1=0.01m, d4=0.05m, the phase change material is No. 60 paraffin, the thermal conductivity of paraffin λpcm=0.558w / m / K, the volume of the phase change material Vpcm=23.8326cm3, the thermal conductivity of the tube wall λtube=401w / m / K; the mass flow rate is 0.005kg / s; the inlet water temperature Tin=75℃ for heating.

[0083] Thermal resistance reference of heat transfer fluid and phase change material Fig.11 As shown, R1 and R5 are the internal / external convection heat transfer resistances, R2 and R4 are the internal / external pipe wall thermal conductivity resistances, and R3 is the phase change material thermal conductivity resistance. The specific calculation is shown in Formula 1-5.

[0084]

[0085]

[0086]

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] Heat transfer coefficient h w-pcm The calculation is as follows:

[0090]

[0091] Convective heat transfer coefficient in the tube:

[0092] h 1 =0.022Re 0.8 Pr 0.3 λ w / d domi (7)

[0093] Convective heat transfer coefficient in annular tube:

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] Reference Fig.12 According to the test structure, the relative size and reduction rate of the heat transfer coefficient of the three groups of different heat storage unit structures and flow directions of this patent technology, comparative technology 1 and comparative technology 2 show that the heat transfer coefficient of this patent has a larger heat transfer coefficient than that of the other two comparative technologies.

[0097] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "some embodiments" or "it is conceivable that" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0098] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat charging and discharging rate, characterized in that: It comprises a heat storage body (100), wherein the heat storage body (100) has a cavity; A plurality of heat storage units (200) are arranged in the heat storage body (100), and the heat storage units (200) are separated by a frame (300); The heat storage unit (200) comprises a flow tube, a phase change material (210) is arranged at the outer side of the flow tube, a cavity area in the flow tube serves as a tube-side flow channel (220), and a cavity area between the outer side of the flow tube and the inner wall of the heat storage body (100) serves as a shell-side flow channel (230); A flow-dividing cavity (240) and a flow-converging cavity (250) are respectively provided at both ends of the flow-through pipe, and the flow-dividing cavity (240) and the flow-converging cavity (250) connect the flow-through pipes of the heat storage unit (200) together; An inlet pipe (110) is provided on the flow diversion chamber (240) of one of the heat storage units (200), a connecting pipe (130) is provided on the flow confluence chamber (250) of the same heat storage unit (200), the connecting pipe (130) of the same heat storage unit (200) is communicated with the shell-side flow passage (230) of the same heat storage unit (200) and the flow diversion chamber (240) of another adjacent heat storage unit (200), and an outlet pipe (120) is provided on the heat storage unit (200) and is communicated with the shell-side flow passage (230); The heat storage unit (200) comprises a baffle mechanism (400), the baffle mechanism (400) comprising a fixed baffle (410) and a movable baffle (420), the fixed baffle (410) being provided with a first fixed baffle through hole (411) and a second fixed baffle through hole (412), the first fixed baffle through hole (411) and the second fixed baffle through hole (412) being used to communicate with two adjacent heat storage units (200) respectively, and the movable baffle ( The movable baffle plate first switching hole (421), the movable baffle plate second switching hole (422), and the movable baffle plate third switching hole (423) are provided on the movable baffle plate, and are used to control the fixed baffle plate first through hole (411) and the fixed baffle plate second through hole (412) to be closed, the fixed baffle plate first through hole (411) or the fixed baffle plate second through hole (412) to be opened, or the fixed baffle plate first through hole (411) and the fixed baffle plate second through hole (412) to be opened.

2. A phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat charging and discharging rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-insulating layer (150) is provided on the heat-storage body (100).

3. The phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat charging and discharging rate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outside of the circulation tube or the phase change material (210) outside the circulation tube is provided with a corrugated structure.

4. The phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat charging and discharging rate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat storage unit (200) is provided with a spoiler (500).

5. The phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat charging and discharging rate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The frame (300) comprises a partition structure.

6. The phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat charging and discharging rate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are four heat storage units in the heat storage body (100), namely a first heat storage unit (260) on the upper left side, a second heat storage unit (270) on the upper right side, a third heat storage unit (280) on the lower right side, and a fourth heat storage unit (290) on the lower left side.

7. The phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat charging and discharging rate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixed baffle (410) and the movable baffle (420) are connected via a rotating shaft.

8. The phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat charging and discharging rate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The baffle mechanism (400) comprises an input side baffle mechanism (400) and an output side baffle mechanism (400).

9. The phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat charging and discharging rate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A middle pipe (140) is provided between the shell-side flow passages (230) of two adjacent heat storage units (200).

10. A method for charging and removing heat, characterized in that: The method comprises a phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat charging and discharging rates according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the steps include: (a) When the charging fluid is gas, the charging is completed through the shell-side flow channel (230); (b) when the charging fluid is liquid, the number of required heat storage units (200) is selected as required to complete the charging; (b1) When the heat of the hot-charged fluid is small and the mass flow rate is small, the baffle mechanism (400) opens a channel to enter a heat storage unit (200), and the fluid enters the flow distribution chamber (240) from the front inlet pipe (110), then follows the tube-side flow channel (220) to the converging chamber (250) on the rear side, and then passes through the connecting pipe (130) to reach the shell-side flow channel (230) on the rear side of the same heat storage unit (200). The fluid flows from the rear side to the front side in the shell-side flow channel (230), and finally is discharged from the front outlet pipe (120); (b2) When the heat of the hot fluid is small and the mass flow rate is large, the baffle mechanism (400) opens two channels to enter the two heat storage units (200), and the fluid enters the heat storage body (100) from the front inlet pipe (110), one of which enters the diversion chamber (240) of one of the heat storage units, then follows the pipe flow channel (220) to the confluence chamber (250) on the rear side, and then reaches the shell on the rear side of the same heat storage unit (200) through the connecting pipe (130). The fluid flows from the rear side to the front side in the shell-side flow channel (230), and the other fluid enters the flow distribution chamber (240) of another heat storage unit, and then similarly follows the tube-side flow channel (220) to reach the confluence chamber (250) on the rear side, and then reaches the shell-side flow channel (230) on the rear side of the same heat storage unit (200) through the connecting pipe (130), and the fluid flows from the rear side to the front side in the shell-side flow channel (230), and finally the two fluids are discharged from the outlet pipe (120) on the front side.

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