Easily Replaceable Combined Energy Dissipation Device for Water-crossing Bridge Piers against Collision of Floating Debris

Abstract

The present invention discloses an easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device for a wading bridge pier against the impact of floating objects, which comprises a plurality of energy dissipation blocks. The horizontal cross-section of each energy dissipation block is a sector ring, and the plurality of energy dissipation blocks are spliced into an annular structure sleeved outside the wading bridge pier to be protected. Among them, each energy dissipation block includes a rubber-concrete rigid impact-resistant layer, a foam aluminum energy dissipation layer, and a rubber energy dissipation layer arranged in sequence from the convex surface to the concave surface, and a soft steel plate covering the rubber-concrete rigid impact-resistant layer, the foam aluminum energy dissipation layer, and the rubber energy dissipation layer to integrate the three layers. Connecting pieces are arranged on both end faces of each energy dissipation block, so that adjacent two energy dissipation blocks can be detachably connected at the side end faces. The present invention can effectively reduce the damage of the bridge pier caused by the impact of floating objects, and the energy dissipation blocks can be replaced and the replacement is convenient, saving the investment in maintenance funds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of bridge engineering. More specifically, the present invention relates to an easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device for a wading bridge pier against floating object impact. Background Art

[0002] As an important hub of the transportation network system, bridge engineering is of crucial significance to regional economic development and external exchanges. Given the influence of the engineering geology, hydrology, and climate conditions in the area where the bridge is located, as well as the differences in its traffic capacity and functional positioning, the disasters and sudden safety problems faced by the bridge are different. For mountain wading bridges, under the scouring of floodwaters during the flood season, floating objects such as stones and trees from the nearby mountains collide with the bridge piers along with the floodwaters, which can cause the bridge piers to deviate, be damaged by impact at the lower part, or even the bridge piers to break or collapse. As the main load-bearing structure of bridge engineering, under the action of the impact load of floating objects, the damage and failure of the bridge piers can seriously affect the traffic capacity and overall safety of the bridge, resulting in serious consequences. In order to reduce the damage to the bridge piers caused by the impact load and reduce the losses caused thereby, it is very necessary to install a bridge pier anti-collision device for mountain wading bridges (non-navigable bridges), especially in bridge sites where landslides and debris flows often occur. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device for a wading bridge pier against floating object impact, which can effectively reduce the damage to the bridge pier caused by the impact of floating objects.

[0004] To achieve these and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided an easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device for a wading bridge pier against floating object impact, including a plurality of energy dissipation blocks. The horizontal cross-section of each energy dissipation block is a sector ring, and a plurality of energy dissipation blocks are spliced into an annular structure sleeved outside the wading bridge pier to be protected.

[0005] Wherein, each energy dissipation block includes a rubber concrete rigid impact resistance layer, an aluminum foam energy dissipation layer, and a rubber energy dissipation layer arranged in sequence from the convex surface to the concave surface, and a soft steel plate covering the rubber concrete rigid impact resistance layer, the aluminum foam energy dissipation layer, and the rubber energy dissipation layer to integrate the three layers.

[0006] Connectors are provided on both end faces of each energy dissipation block to enable detachable connection of adjacent two energy dissipation blocks at the side end faces.

[0007] Preferably, the rigid rubber concrete impact-resistant layer sequentially includes a first carbon fiber composite board, a fiber composite honeycomb board, and a second carbon fiber composite board from the convex surface to the concave surface. Limiting dowel pins are provided on the opposite surfaces of the first carbon fiber composite board and the second carbon fiber composite board. The fiber composite honeycomb board is connected to the first carbon fiber composite board and the second carbon fiber composite board through the limiting dowel pins, and rubber concrete is poured into the fiber composite honeycomb board.

[0008] Preferably, the foam aluminum energy dissipation layer sequentially includes a first base layer and a closed-cell foam aluminum plate from the convex surface to the concave surface. The first base layer and the closed-cell foam aluminum plate are bonded by epoxy resin.

[0009] Preferably, the rubber energy dissipation layer sequentially includes a second base layer and a rubber pad from the convex surface to the concave surface. The second base layer and the rubber pad are bonded by epoxy resin.

[0010] Preferably, the material of the first base layer is a carbon fiber composite board.

[0011] Preferably, the material of the second base layer is a carbon fiber composite board.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting member is a steel ring provided on the side end face of the energy dissipation block. The axis of the inner hole of the steel ring is vertically arranged. When multiple energy dissipation blocks are spliced, the positions of the steel rings on the opposite side end faces of adjacent two energy dissipation blocks are staggered up and down and coaxial. A plug simultaneously passes through the inner holes of the steel rings on the opposite side end faces of adjacent two energy dissipation blocks, so that adjacent two energy dissipation blocks are detachably connected. A pin cap is provided at the top end of the plug, and the diameter of the pin cap is larger than the inner hole diameter of the steel ring.

[0013] Preferably, a fan-shaped pier cap connecting plate is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the convex surface of each energy dissipation block. Bolt holes are provided on the pier cap connecting plate for connecting with the pier cap of the wading bridge pier to be protected. The bolt holes are of a round-end type to adapt to the relative rotation of adjacent two energy dissipation blocks after multiple energy dissipation blocks are spliced.

[0014] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The easy-to-replace combined energy dissipation device of the present invention is designed in a separated manner from the wading bridge pier and is installed on the periphery of the pier during use. Therefore, it does not change the disaster resistance ability of other aspects of the bridge and can resist the damage of external impact force. In the above-mentioned easy-to-replace combined energy dissipation device, the rigid rubber concrete impact-resistant layer can be used to resist the impact force of floating objects on the pier, the foam aluminum energy dissipation layer is used to consume the collision energy of floating objects and weaken the impact force transmitted inward, and the rubber energy dissipation layer uses a hyperelastic material to consume the collision energy and can recover part of the deformation. In addition, the detachable connection method in which adjacent two energy dissipation blocks can rotate relative to each other can adapt to the incoordination of impact force and deformation, and when part of the energy dissipation blocks are damaged, the disassembly and replacement are convenient, saving the investment in maintenance funds.

[0015] Other advantages, objects and features of the present invention will be partially reflected in the following description and partially understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of the easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device described in the embodiment of the present invention sleeved on a wading bridge pier;

[0018] Figure 3 It is another side view structural schematic diagram of the easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device described in the embodiment of the present invention sleeved on a wading bridge pier;

[0019] Figure 4 It is an internal structural schematic diagram of the energy dissipation block described in the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The following further detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement it with reference to the text of the specification.

[0021] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following implementation schemes are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified; in the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0022] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the present invention provides an easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device for preventing floating objects from colliding with a wading bridge pier, including a plurality of energy dissipation blocks 100. The horizontal cross-section of the energy dissipation block 100 is a fan-shaped ring, and a plurality of energy dissipation blocks 100 are spliced into an annular structure sleeved outside the wading bridge pier 500 to be protected;

[0023] Among them, each energy dissipation block 100 includes a rubber-concrete rigid impact resistance layer 101, an aluminum foam energy dissipation layer 102, and a rubber energy dissipation layer 103 arranged in sequence from the convex surface to the concave surface, and a soft steel plate covering the rubber-concrete rigid impact resistance layer 101, the aluminum foam energy dissipation layer 102, and the rubber energy dissipation layer 103 to integrate the three layers;

[0024] Connectors 200 are provided on both end faces of each energy dissipation block 100, so that two adjacent energy dissipation blocks 100 can be detachably connected at the side end faces.

[0025] In the above embodiment, the easy-to-replace combined energy dissipation device is designed separately from the wading bridge pier 500 and is installed around the pier during use. Therefore, it does not change the disaster prevention ability of other aspects of the bridge and can resist the damage of external impact force. In the above easy-to-replace combined energy dissipation device, the rubber concrete rigid impact resistance layer 101 can be used to resist the impact force of floating objects on the pier, the aluminum foam energy dissipation layer 102 is used to consume the collision energy of floating objects, weaken the impact force transmitted inward, and the rubber energy dissipation layer 103 uses a hyperelastic material to consume the collision energy and can recover part of the deformation. In addition, the relative rotation and detachable connection mode of two adjacent energy dissipation blocks 100 can adapt to the incoordination of impact force and deformation, and when some energy dissipation blocks 100 are damaged, the disassembly and replacement are convenient, saving the investment in maintenance funds.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the above embodiment, the rubber concrete rigid impact resistance layer 101 sequentially includes a first carbon fiber composite board 1011, a fiber composite honeycomb board 1012, and a second carbon fiber composite board 1013 from the convex surface to the concave surface. Limit studs are provided on the opposite plate surfaces of the first carbon fiber composite board 1011 and the second carbon fiber composite board 1013. The fiber composite honeycomb board 1012 is connected to the first carbon fiber composite board 1011 and the second carbon fiber composite board 1013 through the limit studs, and rubber concrete is also poured into the fiber composite honeycomb board 1012.

[0027] Carbon fiber composites have the following main advantages: First, carbon fiber composites have a very high specific strength and specific modulus. Compared with traditional metal materials, carbon fiber composites do not have a large gap in strength and modulus, but their density is much lower than that of metal materials. In contrast, the specific strength of carbon fiber composites can reach 2.4 to 5.8 times that of metal materials, and the specific modulus can also reach 1.6 times that of metal materials. Therefore, under the condition of the same unit mass, a larger load-bearing capacity can be obtained. Second, carbon fiber composites have good fatigue resistance. After being subjected to fatigue loads, the fracture of the material is mainly the final result of the further expansion of internal cracks. In carbon fiber composites, the carbon fibers and the matrix can prevent the further expansion of cracks. For most metal materials, their fatigue strength limit is only 30 to 50% of the tensile strength, but carbon fiber composites can reach 70 to 80%. Third, carbon fiber composites have excellent damage safety. When carbon fiber composites are damaged, it does not occur instantaneously like traditional materials, but must go through many processes, such as from the initial damage to cracking, then from cracking to debonding, and finally the carbon fibers break. If only a small part of the carbon fibers break, the load can be transferred by the matrix and redistributed, which is a process of energy absorption, significantly improving the damage safety. Fourth, carbon fiber composites have good shock absorption. From the perspective of the force-bearing structure, its natural vibration frequency is not only closely related to the shape, but also proportional to the square of the specific modulus of the material. Therefore, the natural vibration frequency of this material is often very high. And the material interface can also absorb a large amount of energy, increasing its vibration damping.

[0028] The fiber composite honeycomb panel 1012 has the characteristics of light weight, high specific strength, high specific stiffness, heat insulation, shock absorption, and impact resistance.

[0029] Rubber concrete is a product obtained by mixing rubber emulsion, auxiliary admixtures and cement together when preparing cement mortar or concrete, and has good elastoplasticity, resistance to heavy pressure, abrasion resistance, good impact resistance and good durability.

[0030] In the above-mentioned embodiment, sandwiching the fiber composite honeycomb panel 1012 filled with rubber concrete between two carbon fiber composite plates can not only effectively resist the impact of floating objects, but also absorb the impact energy to protect the bridge pier. At the same time, both the carbon fiber composite plate and the fiber composite honeycomb panel 1012 have the advantage of light weight, which is convenient for handling and transportation.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment, the foam aluminum energy dissipation layer 102 sequentially includes a first base layer 1021 and a closed-cell foam aluminum plate 1022 from the convex surface to the concave surface, and the first base layer 1021 and the closed-cell foam aluminum plate 1022 are bonded by epoxy resin.

[0032] Specifically, the first base layer 1021 can be made of a carbon fiber composite material plate.

[0033] Closed-cell aluminum foam has the characteristics of light weight, high damping shock absorption performance, and high impact energy absorption performance. The density of closed-cell aluminum foam is 0.1 to 0.4 times that of aluminum, and its damping performance is 5 to 10 times that of aluminum. When closed-cell aluminum foam has a porosity of 84%, it can undergo 50% deformation and absorb more than 2.5 MJ / m 3 of energy.

[0034] The thickness of the closed-cell aluminum foam plate 1022 is generally designed to be 10 to 50 cm. Of course, the thickness of the closed-cell aluminum foam plate 1022 can also be selected according to the actual collision force or impact resistance requirements of the bridge site area.

[0035] In the above-mentioned embodiment, by combining the base layer of the carbon fiber composite material plate with the closed-cell aluminum foam plate, due to the anti-fatigue property and damage safety of the carbon fiber composite material, the carbon fiber composite material plate is not easily damaged instantaneously or deformed strongly locally. Therefore, when being impacted, the carbon fiber composite material plate can evenly disperse the point impact force of the impact to the entire closed-cell aluminum foam plate, effectively preventing the local load of the foam aluminum energy dissipation layer 102 from exceeding and causing the energy dissipation block 100 to be strongly deformed and scrapped. This not only ensures the normal use of the energy dissipation block 100 but also extends the service life of the energy dissipation block 100.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment, the rubber energy dissipation layer 103 includes a second base layer 1031 and a rubber pad 1032 in sequence from the convex surface to the concave surface, and the second base layer 1031 and the rubber pad 1032 are bonded by epoxy resin.

[0037] Specifically, the second base layer 1031 can be made of a carbon fiber composite material plate.

[0038] The rubber pad 1032 has a high elastic modulus and good impact energy absorption performance. As the innermost layer of the energy dissipation block 100, it can not only consume the impact energy but also protect the bridge pier through elastic deformation.

[0039] In the above-mentioned embodiment, by combining the base layer of the carbon fiber composite material plate with the rubber pad 1032, due to the anti-fatigue property and damage safety of the carbon fiber composite material, the carbon fiber composite material plate is not easily damaged instantaneously or deformed strongly locally. Therefore, when being impacted, the carbon fiber composite material plate can evenly disperse the point impact force of the impact to the entire rubber pad 1032, with uniform load distribution and avoiding local stress on the energy dissipation block 100.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the above embodiment, the connecting member 200 is a steel ring disposed on the side end face of the energy dissipation block 100. The axis of the inner hole of the steel ring is vertically arranged. When a plurality of energy dissipation blocks 100 are spliced, the positions of the steel rings on the opposite side end faces of two adjacent energy dissipation blocks 100 are staggered up and down and coaxial. A pin 300 passes through the inner holes of the steel rings on the opposite side end faces of two adjacent energy dissipation blocks 100 at the same time, so that the two adjacent energy dissipation blocks 100 are detachably connected. A pin cap 301 is arranged at the top end of the pin 300, and the diameter of the pin cap 301 is larger than the aperture of the inner hole of the steel ring.

[0041] Specifically, a plurality of steel rings on the side end face of the energy dissipation block 100 can be evenly spaced from top to bottom. For two adjacent energy dissipation blocks 100 that are spliced with each other, the upper steel rings on their opposite side end faces are staggered up and down with each other.

[0042] In the above embodiment, a connection method equivalent to hinged connection is adopted, so that when one of two adjacent energy dissipation blocks 100 is impacted, it can rotate and displace relative to the other, and transmit the motion change to other energy dissipation blocks 100, thereby adjusting the overall balance of the easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device. At the same time, since the pin 300 is convenient to disassemble and assemble, when one of the energy dissipation blocks 100 is damaged, the pins 300 at both side ends of the damaged energy dissipation block 100 are pulled out, and the damaged energy dissipation block 100 can be removed and replaced.

[0043] In another embodiment, a fan-shaped pier cap connecting plate 400 is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the convex surface of each energy dissipation block 100. Bolt holes are formed in the pier cap connecting plate 400 for connecting with the pier cap 600 of the water-crossing pier 500 to be protected. The bolt holes are of a round-end type to adapt to the relative rotation of two adjacent energy dissipation blocks 100 after a plurality of energy dissipation blocks 100 are spliced.

[0044] Specifically, some bolt holes can be used to install shear keys on the lower plate surface of the pier cap connecting plate 400, and at the same time, the remaining bolt holes can be used to install chemical bolts, so that the energy dissipation block 100 is connected to the pier cap 600 of the water-crossing pier 500 through shear keys and chemical bolts. The diameter and quantity of the bolts in the shear key pair are determined by calculation, but the bolt holes should be made of a round-end type to adapt to the rotation between the energy dissipation blocks 100.

[0045] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to only the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the field, additional modifications can be easily achieved. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to specific details and the illustrated and described examples here.

Claims

1. An easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device for a wading bridge pier against the impact of floating objects, Characterized in that, It includes a plurality of energy dissipation blocks. The horizontal cross-section of the energy dissipation block is a fan-shaped ring, and the plurality of energy dissipation blocks are spliced into an annular structure sleeved outside the wading bridge pier to be protected; Among them, each energy dissipation block includes a rubber-concrete rigid impact-resistant layer, a foam aluminum energy dissipation layer, and a rubber energy dissipation layer arranged in sequence from the convex surface to the concave surface, and a soft steel plate covering the rubber-concrete rigid impact-resistant layer, the foam aluminum energy dissipation layer, and the rubber energy dissipation layer to integrate the three layers; Connectors are arranged on both end faces of each energy dissipation block to enable detachable connection of adjacent two energy dissipation blocks at the side end faces; The rubber-concrete rigid impact-resistant layer includes a first carbon fiber composite board, a fiber composite honeycomb board, and a second carbon fiber composite board in sequence from the convex surface to the concave surface. Limiting stud bolts are arranged on the opposite plate surfaces of the first carbon fiber composite board and the second carbon fiber composite board. The fiber composite honeycomb board is connected to the first carbon fiber composite board and the second carbon fiber composite board through the limiting stud bolts, and rubber concrete is also poured into the fiber composite honeycomb board; The foam aluminum energy dissipation layer includes a first base layer and a closed-cell foam aluminum plate in sequence from the convex surface to the concave surface. The first base layer and the closed-cell foam aluminum plate are bonded by epoxy resin.

2. The easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device according to claim 1, Characterized in that, The rubber energy dissipation layer includes a second base layer and a rubber pad in sequence from the convex surface to the concave surface. The second base layer and the rubber pad are bonded by epoxy resin.

3. The easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device according to claim 1, Characterized in that, The material of the first base layer is a carbon fiber composite board.

4. The easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device according to claim 2, Characterized in that, The material of the second base layer is a carbon fiber composite board.

5. The easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device according to claim 1, Characterized in that, The connector is a steel ring arranged on the side end face of the energy dissipation block. The axis of the inner hole of the steel ring is vertically arranged. When a plurality of energy dissipation blocks are spliced, the positions of the steel rings on the opposite side end faces of adjacent two energy dissipation blocks are staggered up and down and coaxial. A plug pin passes through the inner holes of the steel rings on the opposite side end faces of adjacent two energy dissipation blocks at the same time to enable detachable connection of adjacent two energy dissipation blocks. A pin cap is arranged at the top end of the plug pin, and the diameter of the pin cap is larger than the inner hole diameter of the steel ring.

6. The easily replaceable combined energy dissipation device according to claim 1, Characterized in that, A fan-shaped pier cap connecting plate is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the convex surface of each energy dissipation block. Bolt holes are provided on the pier cap connecting plate for connecting with the pier cap of the wading bridge pier to be protected. The bolt holes are of a round-end type to adapt to the relative rotation of adjacent two energy dissipation blocks after a plurality of energy dissipation blocks are spliced.

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