A method and system for dynamic power matching in heat pipe cooled reactors

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for dynamic power matching in a heat pipe-cooled reactor. It obtains the steady-state value of the nuclear power corresponding to the target power and employs a strategy combining coarse and fine matching. The coarse and fine matching signals output from the power control system are weighted and summed to serve as the setpoint for the inner-loop control system. The inner-loop controller outputs control rods to reactively change the reactor nuclear power, thereby achieving power regulation. This significantly reduces overshoot, shortens settling time, provides superior control performance, and improves economic efficiency and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nuclear reactor control technology, specifically relating to a method and system for dynamic matching of electrical power in a heat pipe cooled reactor. Background Technology

[0002] A heat pipe cooled reactor, or simply heat pipe reactor, is a solid-state reactor whose primary loop system does not employ a coolant loop arrangement. Instead, heat pipes transfer heat generated in the reactor core to the secondary loop system or thermoelectric conversion device. Heat pipe reactors are inherently characterized by high safety, simple structure, low operating pressure, and ease of modularization. These features make them promising for applications in deep-sea, space, and space environments.

[0003] However, heat pipe stacks achieve heat transfer through the evaporation and condensation of the working fluid inside the heat pipes and natural circulation. This heat transfer process is relatively slow, meaning that it takes time for heat energy located at the hot end of the heat pipes in the stack core to be transferred to the hot end of the thermoelectric conversion device. This results in a large hysteresis characteristic in the heat pipe stack system, preventing the electrical power from responding quickly to changes in the control rod responsiveness. This characteristic poses a challenge to the heat pipe stack electrical power control system. If traditional controllers, such as cascade controllers, are used, the control effect is not ideal, increasing overshoot while shortening the settling time.

[0004] A dynamic power matching method is adopted to improve the power response speed without increasing the overshoot, thereby ensuring maximum economic benefits and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a dynamic power matching method and system for heat pipe cooled reactors. The inner loop setting value can transition and switch between coarse matching and fine matching based on the deviation between the actual nuclear power value and the steady-state nuclear power value corresponding to the target power, thereby optimizing the power adjustment process, reducing adjustment time and overshoot, and improving the operating performance and stability of the heat pipe reactor system. This invention is used to solve the technical problem of long power adjustment time caused by large lag in heat pipe reactor systems.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for dynamic power matching in a heat pipe-cooled reactor includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Build the database offline and update it online;

[0009] S2. Query the corresponding steady-state nuclear power value from the database updated online in step S1 based on the electric power setpoint;

[0010] S3. The steady-state nuclear power value obtained in step S2 is used as the input of the coarse matching stage. Based on the deviation e between the steady-state nuclear power value corresponding to the target electric power and the actual measured nuclear power value, the weighting coefficients of the coarse matching signal and the fine matching signal are changed through the weighting function. The weighted sum of the coarse matching signal and the fine matching signal is used as the set value of the nuclear power control system. As the deviation e decreases, the system switches from the coarse matching stage to the fine matching stage through the transition stage.

[0011] S4. The inner-loop nuclear power control system determines the nuclear power error value e' based on the nuclear power control system setpoint obtained in step S3, outputs the control rod reactivity to adjust the nuclear power of the reactor core, adjusts the electric power to achieve the target electric power, and completes the dynamic matching of the electric power of the heat pipe cooled reactor.

[0012] Specifically, in step S1, a database is constructed based on the steady-state values ​​of nuclear power corresponding to different power levels, and the values ​​in the database are updated based on the actual steady-state values ​​of nuclear power.

[0013] Specifically, step S3 is as follows:

[0014] In the coarse matching stage, the coarse matching weight coefficient α = 1 and the fine matching weight coefficient β = 0. The steady-state value of the nuclear power obtained in step S2 is used as the set value of the inner loop nuclear power control system to adjust the nuclear power so that the nuclear power reaches the corresponding steady-state value, thereby driving the electric power to respond.

[0015] During the transition phase, the coarse-matching weight coefficient α and the fine-matching weight coefficient β are determined according to the continuously differentiable weighting function f. α (e), f β (e) varies between 0 and 1;

[0016] In the fine matching stage, the coarse matching weight coefficient α = 0 and the fine matching weight coefficient β = 1. The setpoint of the inner loop core power regulation system is provided by the outer loop electric power control system. The electric power is adjusted to ensure that the electric power meets the load requirements.

[0017] Furthermore, when the absolute value of the deviation e is greater than the switching thresholds |A| and |C| of the coarse matching stage, the weighting coefficient of the coarse matching output signal is 1, and the weighting coefficient of the fine matching output signal is 0. At this time, it is the coarse matching stage, and the power regulation is in the fast adjustment stage.

[0018] When the absolute value of the deviation value e is between the switching threshold |A| of the coarse matching stage and the switching threshold |B| of the fine matching stage, or between the switching threshold |C| of the coarse matching stage and the switching threshold |D| of the fine matching stage, the weighting coefficient of the coarse matching output signal decreases from 1 to 0 as the deviation value e decreases, and the weighting coefficient of the fine matching output signal increases from 0 to 1 as the deviation value e decreases. This is the transition stage, and the power regulation transitions from the rapid regulation stage to the fine regulation stage.

[0019] When the absolute value of the deviation e is less than the switching thresholds |B| and |D| of the fine matching stage, the weighting coefficient of the coarse matching output signal is 0, and the weighting coefficient of the fine matching output signal is 1. At this time, it is the fine matching stage, and the power regulation is in the fine adjustment stage.

[0020] Furthermore, by increasing the absolute values ​​of the switching thresholds A and C in the coarse matching stage, i.e., shifting the switching thresholds A to the left and C to the right in the coarse matching stage, the time of the control system in the coarse matching stage is shortened.

[0021] Increasing the absolute values ​​of the switching thresholds B and D in the fine matching phase, i.e., shifting B to the left and D to the right in the fine matching phase, shortens the system's transition phase time.

[0022] Furthermore, when the absolute values ​​of the switching thresholds A and C in the coarse matching stage are reduced, that is, when the switching thresholds A and C in the coarse matching stage are shifted to the right and C to the left, the time that the control system is in the coarse matching stage is extended.

[0023] When the absolute values ​​of the switching thresholds B and D in the fine matching stage are reduced, i.e., the switching thresholds B and D in the fine matching stage are shifted to the right and D to the left, the time that the control system is in the transition stage is extended.

[0024] Furthermore, the switching thresholds A and C in the coarse matching stage and the switching thresholds B and D in the fine matching stage are symmetrical about the vertical axis, i.e., |A|=|C|、|B|=|D|, or are set to an asymmetric form according to the characteristics of the controlled object, i.e., |A|≠|C|、|B|≠|D|.

[0025] Furthermore, when the weight function f α (e), f β (e) When the absolute values ​​of the intersection points O and O' increase, that is, when the intersection point O moves to the left and O' moves to the right, during the transition phase, the weighting coefficient α of the coarse matching output signal is less than the weighting coefficient β of the fine matching output signal, which occurs earlier than before the intersection point moves.

[0026] When the weight function f α (e), f β(e) When the absolute values ​​of the intersection points O and O' decrease, that is, when the intersection point O moves to the right and O' moves to the left, during the transition phase, the weighting coefficient α of the coarse matching output signal is less than the weighting coefficient β of the fine matching output signal, which occurs later than before the intersection point moves.

[0027] Specifically, in step S4, the nuclear power control system setpoint obtained in step S3 is subtracted from the nuclear power measurement value to obtain the nuclear power error value e'. The nuclear error value e' is used as the input of the inner loop nuclear power controller. The nuclear power controller outputs the control rod reactivity after the control rod value conversion, which adjusts the nuclear power of the reactor core. The heat energy is transferred to the thermoelectric conversion device to realize the electric power regulation.

[0028] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a dynamic power matching system for a heat pipe-cooled reactor, comprising:

[0029] The database module allows for offline database building and online database updates.

[0030] The query module retrieves the corresponding steady-state nuclear power value from the database updated online by the database module based on the electric power setpoint.

[0031] The matching module takes the steady-state nuclear power value obtained from the query module as the input of the coarse matching stage. Based on the deviation value e between the steady-state nuclear power value corresponding to the target electric power and the actual measured nuclear power value, the module changes the corresponding weight coefficients of the coarse matching signal and the fine matching signal through the weight function. The weighted sum of the coarse matching signal and the fine matching signal is used as the set value of the nuclear power control system. As the deviation value e decreases, the module switches from the coarse matching stage to the fine matching stage through the transition stage.

[0032] The adjustment module, the inner loop nuclear power control system determines the error value e' based on the nuclear power control system setpoint obtained by the adjustment module, outputs the control rod reactivity to adjust the nuclear power of the reactor core, adjusts the electric power to achieve the target electric power, and completes the dynamic matching of the electric power of the heat pipe cooled reactor.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0034] A dynamic power matching method for heat pipe-cooled reactors utilizes the characteristics that nuclear power can rapidly respond to changes in control rod reactivity and that changes in nuclear power lead to changes in electrical power. First, the steady-state nuclear power value corresponding to the target electrical power is obtained from a database. In the coarse matching stage, the nuclear power is adjusted to induce a rapid response in the electrical power, thereby shortening the adjustment time. In the fine matching stage, the electrical power is adjusted to ensure that the electrical power smoothly reaches the target electrical power value, thereby reducing overshoot. Simultaneously, a transition stage is set between coarse and fine matching to achieve disturbance-free dynamic matching.

[0035] Furthermore, by building the database offline, the steady-state value of the nuclear power corresponding to the target electric power can be quickly obtained from the database during system operation, providing input values ​​for coarse matching; by updating the database online, it is ensured that the database can still accurately reflect the steady-state relationship between electric power and nuclear power in the actual heat pipe reactor as system components gradually age, increasing the adaptability of the power regulation system.

[0036] Furthermore, the power adjustment process is divided into three stages: coarse matching, transition, and fine matching. A weighting function adjusts the proportions of coarse and fine matching. When the deviation is large, the system is in the coarse matching stage, directly adjusting the core power to quickly reach its steady-state value, thus improving the power response speed. When the deviation is small, the system transitions to the fine matching stage, adjusting the power to ensure it smoothly reaches the target value. This achieves the goal of shortening the settling time without increasing the overshoot.

[0037] Furthermore, the nuclear power deviation e, as the input value of the weighting function, controls the proportion of the coarse matching output signal and the fine matching output signal, realizing a seamless switching between rapid power adjustment in the initial stage and fine power adjustment in the later stage.

[0038] Furthermore, thresholds A, B, C, and D divide the power regulation process into a coarse matching stage, a transition stage, and a fine matching stage. By increasing the absolute values ​​of the switching thresholds A and C in the coarse matching stage and the absolute values ​​of the switching thresholds B and D in the fine matching stage, the core power deviation e will reach the switching threshold earlier compared to before the thresholds are increased. This will shorten the time the control system spends in the coarse matching stage and transition to the fine matching stage earlier, thus reducing overshoot.

[0039] Furthermore, thresholds A, B, C, and D divide the power regulation process into a coarse matching stage, a transition stage, and a fine matching stage. By reducing the absolute values ​​of the switching thresholds A and C in the coarse matching stage and the absolute values ​​of the switching thresholds B and D in the fine matching stage, the core power deviation e will reach the switching threshold later compared to before the reduction. This will prolong the time the control system spends in the coarse matching stage and transition to the fine matching stage later, thus shortening the regulation time.

[0040] Furthermore, A and B are the switching thresholds under the power reduction condition, and C and D are the switching thresholds under the power increase condition. Based on the object's response characteristics, these thresholds can be set to either an axisymmetric form (when power reduction and power increase have symmetrical response curves) or an asymmetrical form (when power reduction and power increase have asymmetrical response curves). This setting improves the adaptability of the control system, ensuring superior control performance under both power reduction and power increase conditions.

[0041] Furthermore, the intersection points O and O' are the turning points of the transition phase. When the absolute value of the x-coordinate of the intersection point increases, during the transition phase, the dominant control scheme of the control system will switch from rapid adjustment to fine adjustment earlier than before the change, which is beneficial to reducing overshoot; conversely, when the absolute value of the x-coordinate of the intersection point decreases, it is beneficial to shorten the adjustment time.

[0042] Furthermore, electrical energy is generated by a thermoelectric conversion device, and the thermal energy required by the thermoelectric conversion device is generated by nuclear fission in the reactor core. By introducing control rod reactivity to regulate nuclear power, electrical power regulation is achieved.

[0043] It is understandable that the beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0044] In summary, the present invention can significantly reduce overshoot, shorten settling time, provide better control performance, and improve economic efficiency and safety.

[0045] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a system block diagram of the coarse matching stage of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a system block diagram of the fine matching stage of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a graph of the weighting function of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the response curve of electrical power when the load decreases according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0053] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0054] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following objects have an "or" relationship.

[0055] It should be understood that although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in the embodiments of the present invention to describe the preset range, these preset ranges should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the preset ranges from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, the first preset range may also be referred to as the second preset range, and similarly, the second preset range may also be referred to as the first preset range.

[0056] Depending on the context, the word "if" as used here can be interpreted as "when," "when," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determination" or "if detection (of the stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determination," "in response to determination," "when detection (of the stated condition or event)," or "in response to detection (of the stated condition or event)."

[0057] The accompanying drawings illustrate various structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments disclosed in this invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0058] This invention provides a method for dynamic matching of electric power in a heat pipe cooled reactor. Because the nuclear power responds rapidly to changes in control rod reactivity, and the electric power changes with the nuclear power, the steady-state value of the nuclear power corresponding to the target electric power is obtained by querying the database in advance during electric power regulation. A strategy combining coarse matching and fine matching is adopted. The coarse matching signal and the fine matching signal output by the electric power control system are weighted and summed to serve as the setpoint of the inner loop control system. The reactor nuclear power is changed by the control rod reactivity output by the inner loop controller, thereby realizing electric power regulation.

[0059] Please see Figure 1 The present invention discloses a method for dynamic power matching of a heat pipe-cooled reactor, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1. Build the database offline and update it online;

[0061] At each electrical power level, there is a corresponding steady-state nuclear power value. This steady-state nuclear power value can be obtained through a heat pipe cooled reactor simulation platform, and the relevant data is stored to construct an initial database. During the operation of the heat pipe reactor, as the commissioning time increases, the components of each system will gradually age, causing a deviation between the actual steady-state nuclear power value and the corresponding steady-state nuclear power value in the database at the same electrical power level. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically update the values ​​in the database based on the actual steady-state nuclear power values, so that the database can accurately reflect the steady-state relationship between electrical power and nuclear power in the actual heat pipe reactor.

[0062] S2. Based on the target power required by the external load, i.e. the power setpoint, query the corresponding nuclear power steady-state value from the database constructed in step S1, and use it as the input for the coarse matching stage in step S3.

[0063] S3. Based on the deviation value e of the nuclear power, the corresponding weight coefficients of the coarse matching signal and the fine matching signal are continuously changed through the weighting function. The weighted sum of the coarse matching signal and the fine matching signal is used as the set value of the inner loop nuclear power control system to realize the transition and switching from coarse matching to fine matching.

[0064] Please see Figure 2 In the coarse matching stage, the weighting coefficients α = 1 and β = 0. At this time, the steady-state value of the nuclear power obtained from step S2 is directly used as the set value of the inner loop nuclear power control system. The entire control system is transformed into a nuclear power control system. In this stage, the nuclear power is adjusted so that the nuclear power can reach the steady-state value corresponding to the target electric power as soon as possible, thereby driving the electric power to respond and speeding up the adjustment.

[0065] Please see Figure 3In the fine-matching stage, the weighting coefficients α = 0 and β = 1. At this time, the setpoint of the inner-loop core power regulation system is provided by the outer-loop electric power control system, and the entire control system is transformed into an electric power cascade control system. This stage performs fine-tuning of the electric power to ensure that the electric power smoothly reaches the target electric power requirement and reduces overshoot.

[0066] Please see Figure 4 During the transition phase, to ensure a smooth transition of the control system from the coarse-matching stage to the fine-matching stage without affecting control performance, the weighting coefficients α and β are determined according to the continuously differentiable weighting function f. α (e), f β (e) Changes between 0 and 1.

[0067] The independent variable of the function, e = (steady-state nuclear power value corresponding to the target electric power - actual measured nuclear power value), is the deviation value of the nuclear power. The dependent variables are the coarse matching weight coefficient α and the fine matching weight coefficient β. A and C are the switching thresholds of the coarse matching stage, and B and D are the switching thresholds of the fine matching stage. The left half represents the changing trend of the weight coefficients under the power reduction condition, and the right half represents the changing trend of the weight coefficients under the power increase condition. The two can be symmetrical about the vertical axis, i.e., |A| = |C|, |B| = |D|, or they can be set to an asymmetrical form according to the characteristics of the controlled object (such as the asymmetrical response curves of power reduction and power increase), i.e., |A| ≠ |C|, |B| ≠ |D|.

[0068] Specifically, taking the reduced power operating condition as an example, the details are as follows:

[0069] When the absolute value of the deviation value e of the nuclear power is greater than |A|, the weighting coefficient of the coarse matching output signal is 1, and the weighting coefficient of the fine matching output signal is 0. At this time, it is the coarse matching stage, and the power regulation is in the rapid regulation stage.

[0070] When the absolute value of the nuclear power deviation e is between |A| and |B|, the weighting coefficient of the coarse matching output signal decreases from 1 to 0 as e decreases, and the weighting coefficient of the fine matching output signal increases from 0 to 1 as e decreases. This is the transition stage, and the power regulation gradually transitions from the rapid regulation stage to the fine regulation stage.

[0071] When the absolute value of the nuclear power deviation e is less than |B|, the weighting coefficient of the coarse matching output signal is 0, and the weighting coefficient of the fine matching output signal is 1. This is the fine matching stage, and the electric power regulation is in the fine regulation stage.

[0072] In general, from the initial stage to the end of the adjustment, as the absolute value of the deviation value e decreases, the proportion of coarse matching signal gradually decreases and the proportion of fine matching signal gradually increases. The power regulation gradually switches from rapid adjustment to fine adjustment, which shortens the adjustment time and avoids large overshoot.

[0073] Furthermore, by adjusting the values ​​of the switching thresholds A, B, C, and D, or the weighting function f α (e), f β The positions of the intersection points O and O' in (e) can adjust the control performance of the system. Taking the power reduction condition as an example again, the details are as follows:

[0074] 1. When the absolute value of threshold A is increased, i.e., threshold A is shifted to the left, the control system will end the coarse matching stage and enter the transition stage earlier.

[0075] 2. When the absolute value of threshold B is increased, i.e., threshold B shifts to the left, the control system will end the transition phase earlier and enter the fine matching phase.

[0076] 3. When the absolute value of threshold A is reduced, i.e., threshold A is shifted to the right, the time the control system spends in the coarse matching stage will be extended, and it will enter the transition stage later.

[0077] 4. When the absolute value of threshold B is reduced, i.e., threshold B is shifted to the right, the time when the control system is in the transition phase will be extended, and the fine matching phase will be entered later.

[0078] Among them, adjustment methods 1 and 2 will shorten the time for rapid power adjustment and start fine adjustment earlier, which can reduce overshoot, but will also increase the adjustment time. Adjustment methods 3 and 4 will prolong the time for rapid power adjustment and start fine adjustment later, which can improve the response speed of power and shorten the adjustment time, but will also increase the overshoot.

[0079] Another type of adjustment method keeps the threshold constant and adjusts the positions of the intersection points O and O' by changing the curvature of the weighting function during the transition phase. This type of method has less impact on control performance compared to the first type and is suitable for fine-tuning. Details are as follows:

[0080] When the absolute value of the intersection point O increases, that is, when the intersection point O shifts to the left, during the transition phase, the dominant control scheme of the control system will switch from rapid adjustment to fine adjustment earlier. That is, the weighting coefficient α of the coarse matching output signal will be less than the weighting coefficient β of the fine matching output signal earlier, which is beneficial to reduce overshoot, but at the same time increases the settling time.

[0081] When the absolute value of the intersection point O decreases, that is, when the intersection point O shifts to the right, during the transition phase, the dominant control scheme of the control system will switch from rapid adjustment to fine adjustment later. That is, the weighting coefficient α of the coarse matching output signal will be less than the weighting coefficient β of the fine matching output signal later, which is beneficial to shorten the adjustment time, but at the same time will increase the overshoot.

[0082] The above adjustment methods also apply to the power-up operation, where A corresponds to C, B to D, and O to O'.

[0083] S4. Based on the inner loop nuclear power control system setpoint obtained from the outer loop coarse matching and fine matching in step S3, the inner loop nuclear power control system outputs the control rod reactivity to change the nuclear power of the reactor core, change the temperature of the hot end of the thermoelectric conversion device, and thus regulate the electric power.

[0084] The inner loop is a nuclear power control system. The set value of the inner loop nuclear power control system obtained from step S3 is subtracted from the nuclear power measurement value to obtain the error value e', which is used as the input of the inner loop nuclear power controller. The nuclear power controller outputs the control rod reactivity after the control rod value conversion, which adjusts the nuclear power of the reactor core, that is, adjusts the amount of heat energy released by the reactor core. The heat energy is transferred to the thermoelectric conversion device through the heat pipe, thereby achieving better electric power regulation performance.

[0085] In another embodiment of the present invention, a dynamic power matching system for a heat pipe cooled reactor is provided. This system can be used to implement the above-mentioned dynamic power matching method for a heat pipe cooled reactor. Specifically, the dynamic power matching system for a heat pipe cooled reactor includes a database module, a query module, an adjustment module, and a matching module.

[0086] The database module includes offline database building and online database updating.

[0087] The query module retrieves the corresponding steady-state nuclear power value from the database updated online by the database module based on the electric power setpoint.

[0088] The matching module takes the steady-state nuclear power value obtained from the query module as the input of the coarse matching stage. Based on the deviation value e between the steady-state nuclear power value corresponding to the target electric power and the actual measured nuclear power value, the module changes the corresponding weight coefficients of the coarse matching signal and the fine matching signal through the weight function. The weighted sum of the coarse matching signal and the fine matching signal is used as the set value of the nuclear power control system. As the deviation value e decreases, the module switches from the coarse matching stage to the fine matching stage through the transition stage.

[0089] The adjustment module, the inner loop nuclear power control system determines the nuclear power error value e' based on the nuclear power control system setpoint obtained by the adjustment module, outputs the control rod reactivity to adjust the nuclear power of the reactor core, adjusts the electric power to achieve the target electric power, and completes the dynamic matching of the electric power of the heat pipe cooled reactor.

[0090] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0091] Please see Figure 5 The response curves of the system electrical power of the heat pipe cooled reactor under the control of the control system using the conventional cascade control method and the dynamic matching method are given.

[0092] The values ​​of A, B, C, and D are -3%, -1%, 1%, and 3%, respectively, and the coordinates of O and O' are (-2, 0.5) and (2, 0.5), respectively. From... Figure 5 As can be seen, using the dynamic matching method mentioned in this invention, the power response curve has no overshoot and the settling time is 406s, while using the traditional cascade control method, the power response curve has an overshoot of 4.73% and a settling time of 541s.

[0093] Therefore, compared with traditional cascade control, this invention can significantly reduce overshoot and shorten settling time when regulating the power of heat pipe cooled reactors, providing better control performance and improving economic efficiency and safety.

[0094] In summary, the present invention provides a dynamic power matching method and system for heat pipe cooled reactors, which overcomes the difficulties in designing power control systems caused by the large lag characteristics of heat pipe reactor systems. It not only shortens the power adjustment time but also does not increase or even reduce the overshoot. Compared with traditional control, it provides better control performance and improves economic efficiency and safety.

[0095] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A method of dynamic electrical power matching for a heat pipe cooled reactor, the method comprising: The method comprises the following steps: S1, constructing a database offline and updating the database online; S2, querying a corresponding nuclear power steady-state value from the database updated online in step S1 according to an electric power set value; S3, taking the nuclear power steady-state value obtained in step S2 as an input of the coarse matching stage, and changing the weight coefficients of the coarse matching signal and the fine matching signal through a weight function according to the deviation value between the nuclear power steady-state value corresponding to the target electric power and the actual measured value of the nuclear power e , the weighted addition value of the coarse matching signal and the fine matching signal as the set value of the nuclear power control system, and reducing with the deviation value e , from the coarse matching stage to the fine matching stage through a transition stage; When the absolute value of the deviation value e is greater than the switching threshold |A|, |C| of the coarse matching stage, the weight coefficient of the coarse matching output signal is 1, and the weight coefficient of the fine matching output signal is 0, at this time, it is the coarse matching stage, and the electric power regulation is in the fast regulation stage. When the absolute value of the deviation value e is between the switching threshold |A| of the coarse matching stage and the switching threshold |B| of the fine matching stage, or between the switching threshold |C| of the coarse matching stage and the switching threshold |D| of the fine matching stage, the weight coefficient of the coarse matching output signal decreases from 1 to 0 with the decrease of the deviation value e , and the weight coefficient of the fine matching output signal increases from 0 to 1 with the decrease of the deviation value e , which is a transition stage, and the electric power regulation is transitioned from the fast regulation stage to the fine regulation stage. When the absolute value of the deviation value e When the absolute value of the deviation value is less than the switching threshold |B|, |D| of the fine matching stage, the weight coefficient of the coarse matching output signal is 0, and the weight coefficient of the fine matching output signal is 1. At this time, it is the fine matching stage, and the electric power regulation is in the fine adjustment stage. S4, the inner ring nuclear power control system determines the nuclear power error value according to the nuclear power control system set value obtained in step S3 e The control rod reactivity is outputted to adjust the nuclear power of the reactor core, the electric power is adjusted to reach the target electric power, and the dynamic matching of the electric power of the heat pipe cooling reactor is completed.

2. The thermal tube reactor power dynamic matching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, a database is constructed according to nuclear power steady-state values corresponding to different electric power levels, and the values in the database are updated according to actual nuclear power steady-state values.

3. The thermal tube reactor power dynamic matching method of claim 1, wherein, Step S3 is specifically: In the coarse matching stage, the coarse matching weight coefficient α=1 and the fine matching weight coefficient β=0, the nuclear power steady-state value obtained in step S2 is taken as a set value of an inner loop nuclear power control system, the nuclear power is adjusted to reach the corresponding steady-state value, and the electric power is driven to respond; In the transition phase, the coarse matching weight coefficient a, the fine matching weight coefficient β vary between 0 and 1 according to a continuously derivable weight function f α ( e ), f β ( e ) In the fine matching stage, the coarse matching weight coefficient α=0 and the fine matching weight coefficient β=1, the set value of the inner loop nuclear power adjustment system is provided by an outer loop electric power control system, and the electric power is adjusted to ensure that the electric power meets the load requirement.

4. The thermal tube reactor power dynamic matching method of claim 1, wherein, When the absolute values of the switching thresholds A and C of the coarse matching stage are increased, that is, the switching thresholds A and C of the coarse matching stage are shifted to the left and right, the time of the control system in the coarse matching stage is shortened; When the absolute values of the switching thresholds B and D of the fine matching stage are increased, that is, the switching thresholds B and D of the fine matching stage are shifted to the left and right, the time of the system in the transition stage is shortened.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, When the absolute values of the switching thresholds A and C of the coarse matching stage are reduced, that is, the switching thresholds A and C of the coarse matching stage are shifted to the right and left, the time of the control system in the coarse matching stage is prolonged; When the absolute values of the switching thresholds B and D of the fine matching stage are reduced, that is, the switching thresholds B and D of the fine matching stage are shifted to the right and left, the time of the control system in the transition stage is prolonged.

6. The method of claim 1 or 4 or 5, wherein, The switching thresholds A and C of the coarse matching stage and the switching thresholds B and D of the fine matching stage are symmetrical about the longitudinal coordinate, that is, |A|=|C| and |B|=|D|, or are set to an asymmetric form according to the characteristics of the controlled object, that is, |A|≠|C| and |B|≠|D|.

7. The method of claim 3, wherein, When the absolute value of the intersection point O, O' of the weight function f α ( e )、 f β e ) increases, that is, the intersection point O moves left and O' moves right, the weight coefficient α of the coarse matching output signal is smaller than the weight coefficient β of the fine matching output signal earlier than before the intersection point moves in the transition phase.​ When the absolute value of the intersection point O, O' of the weight function f α ( e ), f β e ) decreases, i.e. the intersection point O moves to the right and O' moves to the left, the weight coefficient a of the coarse matching output signal is smaller than the weight coefficient β of the fine matching output signal later than before the intersection point moves in the transition phase.​ 8. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step S4, the nuclear power error value is obtained by subtracting the nuclear power measurement value from the nuclear power control system set value obtained in step S3 e In step S5, the nuclear error value e is input to the inner loop nuclear power controller, and the nuclear power controller outputs the control rod reactivity converted by the control rod value, to adjust the nuclear power of the reactor core, and the heat energy is transferred to the thermoelectric conversion device to realize electric power regulation.

9. A heat pipe cooled reactor power dynamic matching system, characterized by, The method comprises: a database module, constructing a database offline and updating the database online; a querying module, querying a corresponding nuclear power steady-state value from the database updated online by the database module according to an electric power set value; The matching module takes the nuclear power steady-state value obtained by the query module as an input of the coarse matching stage, and according to the deviation value between the nuclear power steady-state value corresponding to the target electric power and the actual measured value of the nuclear power e , changes the weight coefficients of the coarse matching signal and the fine matching signal through a weight function, and takes the weighted addition value of the coarse matching signal and the fine matching signal as the set value of the nuclear power control system, and reduces the deviation value e , and switches from the coarse matching stage to the fine matching stage through a transition stage; when the absolute value of the deviation value e is greater than the switching threshold |A|, |C| of the coarse matching stage, the weight coefficient of the coarse matching output signal is 1, and the weight coefficient of the fine matching output signal is 0, at this time, it is the coarse matching stage, and the electric power regulation is in the fast regulation stage. When the absolute value of the deviation value e is between the switching threshold |A| of the coarse matching stage and the switching threshold |B| of the fine matching stage, or between the switching threshold |C| of the coarse matching stage and the switching threshold |D| of the fine matching stage, the weight coefficient of the coarse matching output signal decreases from 1 to 0 with the decrease of the deviation value e , and the weight coefficient of the fine matching output signal increases from 0 to 1 with the decrease of the deviation value e , which is a transition stage, and the electric power regulation is transitioned from the fast regulation stage to the fine regulation stage. When the absolute value of the deviation value e When the absolute value of the deviation value is less than the switching threshold |B|, |D| of the fine matching stage, the weight coefficient of the coarse matching output signal is 0, and the weight coefficient of the fine matching output signal is 1. At this time, it is the fine matching stage, and the electric power regulation is in the fine adjustment stage. The adjusting module is used for obtaining the set value of the nuclear power control system, and the inner loop nuclear power control system determines the error value according to the set value of the nuclear power control system obtained by the adjusting module e The control rod reactivity is outputted to adjust the nuclear power of the reactor core, the electric power is adjusted to reach the target electric power, and the dynamic matching of the electric power of the heat pipe cooling reactor is completed.

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