Self-unclogging speed-regulating breathing valve for a liquid-immersed instrument

Abstract

The present invention discloses a self-unblocking speed-regulating breathing valve for a liquid-immersed instrument, which comprises a liquid-immersed instrument and a drying cylinder installed on the liquid-immersed instrument; a stirring disc is rotatably connected to the bottom inside the drying cylinder, and an adjusting pipe is formed on the stirring disc; a reversing block is rotatably connected below the drying cylinder; an adjusting pump is arranged below the drying cylinder; a switching gear is rotatably connected below the drying cylinder; a motor is fixedly connected below the drying cylinder; a driving piston is hermetically and slidably connected to the drying cylinder; the present invention can change the gas interaction speed according to the internal pressure of itself.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of pressure devices, and particularly relates to a self-unblocking speed-regulating breathing valve for a liquid-immersed instrument. Background Art

[0002] Chinese patent document with the document number CN211504499U discloses a pressure gauge. During the use of this patent, changes in the external temperature will cause changes in the pressure inside the pressure gauge, affecting the normal use of the pressure gauge. Seriously, it will cause damage to the pressure gauge. Direct connection to the outside will also cause moisture-carrying air from the outside to enter, affecting the service life of the pressure gauge.

[0003] Chinese patent document with the document number CN207637597U discloses a transformer breather and a transformer system. During the use of this patent, the breather is often accompanied by a blockage phenomenon, and the device itself has no function to solve the blockage and requires manual maintenance. At the same time, when the pressure changes greatly, the gas exchange speed is relatively fast, and it is difficult to remove moisture from all the gases. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: aiming at the deficiencies existing in the prior art, to provide a self-unblocking speed-regulating breathing valve for a liquid-immersed instrument that can change the gas interaction speed according to the internal pressure of itself.

[0005] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted: A self-unblocking speed-regulating breathing valve for a liquid-immersed instrument, including a liquid-immersed instrument and a drying cylinder filled with a desiccant and installed on the liquid-immersed instrument and communicating with the solution chamber inside the liquid-immersed instrument; a stirring disk for stirring the desiccant is rotatably connected to the bottom inside the drying cylinder, and an adjusting pipe for communicating the inside of the drying cylinder with the outside is formed on the stirring disk.

[0006] A reversing block for changing the communication direction of the adjusting pipe is rotatably connected below the drying cylinder; an adjusting pump for adjusting the speed of the gas entering the adjusting pipe is arranged below the drying cylinder; a switching gear that is rotatably connected below the drying cylinder and is in transmission connection with the reversing block; the switching gear can drive the stirring disk to rotate, and the switching gear can drive the adjusting pump to work; a motor capable of driving the switching gear to rotate is fixedly connected below the drying cylinder.

[0007] A driving piston for driving the switching gear to slide in the up and down direction is hermetically slidably connected to the drying cylinder; the driving piston can slide under the drive of the increasing or decreasing pressure inside the drying cylinder.

[0008] When the pressure inside the drying cylinder is greater than the external pressure, the switching gear is at the lower limit position, the reversing block is at the first position, the regulating pipe is directly connected to the outside, and the gas inside the drying cylinder is quickly discharged to the outside.

[0009] When the pressure inside the drying cylinder is less than the external pressure, the switching gear is at the upper limit position, the motor works to make the reversing block at the second position, the regulating pipe is connected to the outside through the regulating pump, the external gas slowly enters the drying cylinder through the regulating pump, and the stirring disk stirs the desiccant so that the entering gas fully contacts the desiccant to remove moisture.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention is a self-unblocking speed-regulating breathing valve for a liquid-immersed instrument, which can unblock the blocked part through the changing pressure inside the drying cylinder when the gas path is blocked, without additional motors and control circuits. At the same time, it can change the gas flow direction according to the internal pressure after unblocking to achieve a better pressure balance effect.

[0011] Furthermore: On the one hand, the driving piston in the present invention can move driven by the changing pressure inside the drying cylinder. The movement of the driving piston can make the drill bit store energy, so that the drill bit quickly penetrates the air inlet hole to achieve the purpose of unblocking the air inlet hole. At the same time, the movement of the driving piston can make the lifting platform move, so that the exhaust gap between the elastic ring and the lifting platform increases, to achieve the purpose of unblocking the exhaust gap.

[0012] On the other hand, the driving piston in the present invention can change the gas connection direction according to the pressure inside the drying cylinder. When the pressure is relatively high, the drying cylinder is directly connected to the outside to quickly exhaust gas to the outside. When the pressure is relatively low, the drying cylinder slowly sucks gas from the outside through the speed-regulating pump, so that the sucked gas fully contacts the desiccant to remove moisture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is the working state diagram of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 is the cross-sectional structural schematic diagram when the present invention is in normal use.

[0015] Figure 3 is the cross-sectional structural schematic diagram when the present invention slowly transports gas into the drying cylinder.

[0016] Figure 4 is the cross-sectional structural schematic diagram when the present invention quickly exhausts gas to the outside.

[0017] Figure 5 is the cross-sectional structural schematic diagram when the gas path of the present invention is not blocked.

[0018] Figure 6It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram when the air passage of the present invention is dredged.

[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram when overpressure protection is carried out for the present invention.

[0020] Figure 8 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the regulating pump of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 9 It is a schematic exploded cross-sectional structure diagram of the drill bit assembly of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 10 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the switching pump housing, switching piston and switching spring of the present invention.

[0023] 1. Drying cylinder; 111. Upper air passage; 112. Lower air passage; 113. Pressure sensor; 12. Air vent seat; 13. Driving piston tube; 131. Anti-rotation rib; 132. Safety air hole; 14. Switching cylinder; 141. Reversing seat; 142. Air extraction inner tube; 143. Exhaust inner tube; 144. Lifting seat; 146. Anti-rotation hole; 15. Elastic ring; 16. Outer oil barrel; 17. Inner oil pipe; 18. Connecting air pipe; 19. Air exchange cylinder; 191. Exhaust hole; 192. Lifting internal thread; 2. Lifting platform; 21. Lifting gear ring; 22. Lifting external thread; 3. Stirring disc; 31. Connecting pipe; 311. Exhaust through pipe; 312. Air extraction through pipe; 32. Adjusting pipe; 321. Adjusting hole; 33. Stirring rod; 34. Stirring gear; 4. Regulating pump; 41. Pump housing; 411. Pump outlet pipe; 412. Pump inlet pipe; 42. Rotor; 421. Synchronous gear; 422. Vane slot; 423. Driven synchronous block; 43. Vane; 44. Vane spring; 51. Switching gear; 511. Driving synchronous block; 52. Lifting frame; 53. Driving piston; 531. Piston sliding column; 532. Anti-rotation groove; 533. Piston rod; 54. Driven pipe; 541. Upper spiral groove; 542. Lower spiral groove; 543. Driving gear; 544. Reversing air pipe; 55. Transmission gear; 56. Driving piston spring; 57. Safety valve; 571. Safety spring; 572. Push plate; 58. Gear ring; 6. Reversing block; 61. Reversing air passage; 62. Reversing torsion spring; 63. Arc-shaped rack; 71. Switching piston; 711. Synchronous rod; 712. Air vent groove; 72. Switching spring; 73. Switching pump housing; 731. Switching air cavity; 733. Driven air cavity; 736. Driven air pipe; 737. Switching air pipe; 8. Motor; 81. Output shaft; 811. Synchronous block; 9. Drill bit assembly; 91. Drill bit; 911. Drill bit sliding column; 912. Synchronous shaft; 913. Anti-blocking groove; 92. Drill bit gear; 921. Energy storage chute; 922. Straight chute; 93. Tension spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] According to Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a self-unclogging speed-regulating breathing valve for a liquid-immersed instrument in this embodiment includes a liquid-immersed instrument and a drying cylinder 1 filled with a desiccant and installed on the liquid-immersed instrument and communicating with the solution chamber inside the liquid-immersed instrument; a ventilation seat 12 communicating with the solution chamber inside the liquid-immersed instrument is fixedly connected to the upper end of the drying cylinder 1; a stirring disk 3 for stirring the desiccant is rotatably connected to the inner bottom of the drying cylinder 1, and an adjusting pipe 32 radially arranged for communicating the inside of the drying cylinder 1 with the outside is formed on the stirring disk 3.

[0025] A reversing block 6 for changing the communicating direction of the adjusting pipe 32 is rotatably connected below the drying cylinder 1; an adjusting pump 4 for adjusting the speed of the gas entering the adjusting pipe 32 is arranged below the drying cylinder 1; a switching gear 51 rotatably connected below the drying cylinder 1 and drivingly connected to the reversing block 6; the switching gear 51 can drive the stirring disk 3 to rotate, and the switching gear 51 can drive the adjusting pump 4 to work; a motor 8 capable of driving the switching gear 51 to rotate is fixedly connected below the drying cylinder 1; a pressure sensor 113 for detecting a decrease in pressure and controlling the switch of the motor 8 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the drying cylinder 1.

[0026] A driving piston 53 for driving the switching gear 51 to slide in the up and down direction is sealingly and slidably connected to the drying cylinder 1; the driving piston 53 can slide under the drive of the increasing or decreasing pressure inside the drying cylinder 1.

[0027] During the normal use of the liquid-immersed instrument, changes in the external temperature will cause changes in the liquid volume inside the instrument, and the gas pressure in the solution chamber will change synchronously, resulting in the interaction between the solution chamber and the external gas through the breathing valve. The moisture in the interacting gas is absorbed by the desiccant when passing through the breathing valve, and the dry gas enters and exits the instrument to balance the internal pressure of the instrument.

[0028] During the use of the breathing valve, blockage often occurs, resulting in the inability of the breathing valve to be used normally. When the pressure change is too large, the accuracy of the instrument decreases or even damages the instrument, and manual maintenance or maintenance through circuit control is required.

[0029] When the pressure inside the drying cylinder 1 is greater than the external pressure, the switching gear 51 is located at the lower limit position, the switching gear 51 is not drivingly connected to the motor 8, the reversing block 6 is located at the first position, the adjusting pipe 32 is directly communicated with the outside, and the gas inside the drying cylinder 1 is quickly discharged to the outside.

[0030] When the pressure inside the drying cylinder 1 is less than the external pressure, the switching gear 51 is located at the upper limit position. The switching gear 51 is in transmission connection with the motor 8. When the motor 8 operates, the reversing block 6 is located at the second position. The regulating pipe 32 is communicated with the outside through the regulating pump 4. The gas from the outside slowly enters the drying cylinder 1 through the regulating pump 4. The stirring disk 3 stirs the desiccant so that the entering gas can fully contact the desiccant to remove moisture.

[0031] A switching cylinder 14 for installing the motor 8 and the regulating pump 4 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drying cylinder 1; the regulating pump 4 includes a pump housing 41 fixedly connected inside the switching cylinder 14, an eccentrically arranged rotor 42 that is hermetically and rotatably connected inside the pump housing 41 and is hermetically tangent to the inner wall of the pump housing 41, two vanes 43 that are hermetically and slidably connected to the rotor 42 along the radial direction of the rotor 42 and are hermetically and rotatably connected to the inner wall of the pump housing 41, and a vane spring 44 arranged between the two vanes 43 for pushing the two vanes 43 away from each other; a vane groove 422 that is arranged radially inside the rotor 42 and is hermetically and slidably connected to the vane 43 is formed inside the rotor 42.

[0032] The rotor 42 can be in transmission connection with the switching gear 51; a pump inlet pipe 412 for allowing gas to enter the pump housing is formed on one side of the inner wall of the pump housing 41 where it is tangent to the rotor 42, and a pump outlet pipe 411 communicated with the regulating pipe 32 is formed on the other side of the inner wall of the pump housing 41 where it is tangent to the rotor 42; the two vanes 43 divide the space enclosed by the rotor 42 and the pump housing 41 into three cavities. Among the three cavities, the one communicated with the pump inlet pipe 412 is the first cavity, the one communicated with the pump outlet pipe 411 is the third cavity, and the one that is not communicated with the pump inlet pipe 412 and the pump outlet pipe 411 is the second cavity; a connecting pipe 31 communicated with the regulating pipe 32 is fixedly connected to the top inside the switching cylinder 14, and an air extraction through pipe 312 for communicating the connecting pipe 31 with the pump outlet pipe 411 is formed at the lower end of the connecting pipe 31.

[0033] During the slow rotation of the rotor 42, the volume of the first cavity increases, extracting external gas through the pump inlet pipe 412. The total amount of gas inside the second cavity remains unchanged for transporting gas. The volume of the third cavity decreases, discharging gas into the regulating pipe 32 through the pump outlet pipe 411.

[0034] When the volume of the original third cavity becomes zero, the original third cavity pumps in outside air through the pump-in pipe 412. The original third cavity becomes the new first cavity. The original first cavity is not in communication with the pump-in pipe 412 and the pump-out pipe 411. The original first cavity becomes the new second cavity. The original second cavity is in communication with the pump-out pipe 411. The original second cavity becomes the new third cavity. The slowly rotating rotor 42 causes the regulating pump 4 to slowly transport air into the regulating pipe 32, preventing the air from being discharged into the drying cylinder 1 all at once under the action of the pressure difference, which may lead to insufficient air drying.

[0035] At the inner bottom of the switching cylinder 14, a switching seat 141 is formed for sealing and rotatable connection with the switching block 6; inside the switching block 6, a switching air passage 61 for air flow is formed; on the inner wall of the switching seat 141, an air extraction inner pipe 142 capable of connecting the pump-in pipe 412 and the switching air passage 61 is formed, and on the inner wall of the switching seat 141, an exhaust inner pipe 143 capable of connecting the regulating pipe 32 and the switching air passage 61 and not overlapping with the air extraction inner pipe 142 is formed; at the lower end of the connecting pipe 31, an exhaust through pipe 311 for connecting the connecting pipe 31 and the exhaust inner pipe 143 is formed.

[0036] At the upper end of the switching block 6, an arc-shaped rack 63 arranged circumferentially and capable of being in transmission connection with the switching gear 51 is formed; on the switching block 6 and the switching seat 141, a switching torsion spring 62 for driving the switching block 6 to rotate to the first position is formed.

[0037] When the switching gear 51 is at the upper limit position, the motor 8 operates. The switching gear 51 drives the switching block 6 to rotate to the second position. The air extraction inner pipe 142 is in communication with the switching air passage 61. The switching torsion spring 62 twists and stores energy. The switching gear 51 remains in contact with the arc-shaped rack 63 without transmission.

[0038] When the switching gear 51 is at the lower limit position, the motor 8 does not operate. The switching block 6 rotates to the first position under the elastic force of the switching torsion spring 62. The exhaust inner pipe 143 is in communication with the switching air passage 61.

[0039] At the center of the lower end of the switching cylinder 14, an inner oil pipe 17 in communication with the switching air passage 61 is formed. At the lower end of the switching cylinder 14, an air exchange cylinder 19 is fixedly connected. At the center of the air exchange cylinder 19, an outer oil barrel 16 filled with sealing oil is fixedly connected. The inner oil pipe 17 is located inside the outer oil barrel 16 and the lower end opening of the inner oil pipe 17 is below the liquid level of the sealing oil.

[0040] An elastic ring 15 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer oil barrel 16. A lifting platform 2 is hermetically and slidably connected in the air exchange cylinder 19 in the vertical direction. There is an exhaust gap for gas to pass between the lower end of the lifting platform 2 and the elastic ring 15. The lifting platform 2 is in transmission connection with the driving piston 53. An external lifting thread 22 is formed on the lower part of the outer wall of the lifting platform 2, and an internal lifting thread 192 that is threadedly connected to the external lifting thread 22 is formed inside the air exchange cylinder 19.

[0041] When the driving piston 53 slides, the lifting platform 2 rotates. Under the action of the internal lifting thread 192 and the external lifting thread 22, the lifting platform 2 moves upward. The lower end of the lifting platform 2 and the elastic ring 15 move away from each other, and the exhaust gap increases.

[0042] An exhaust hole 191 for gas to interact with the outside is formed at the inner bottom of the air exchange cylinder 19. A drill bit assembly 9 capable of dredging the exhaust hole 191 is arranged inside the air exchange cylinder 19. The drill bit assembly 9 includes a drill bit 91 that is slidably connected in the air exchange cylinder 19 in the vertical direction for penetrating the exhaust hole 191, a drill bit gear 92 that is rotatably connected in the air exchange cylinder 19 and is in transmission connection with the lifting platform 2, and a tension spring 93 arranged between the drill bit 91 and the air exchange cylinder 19 for driving the drill bit 91 to move downward. An external lifting gear ring 21 that is in transmission connection with the drill bit gear 92 is formed on the upper part of the outer wall of the lifting platform 2.

[0043] A gear ring 58 that is in transmission connection with the driving piston 53 is rotatably connected inside the air exchange cylinder 19. The gear ring 58 is in transmission connection with the drill bit gear 92. A drill bit slide post 911 is formed on the outer wall of the drill bit 91, a through hole that is slidably connected to the drill bit 91 is formed on the inner wall of the drill bit gear 92, a spiral energy storage chute 921 that can be slidably connected to the drill bit slide post 911 is formed on the inner wall of the through hole, and a straight chute 922 that is arranged in the vertical direction and whose two ends are respectively communicated with the two ends of the energy storage chute 921 is formed on the inner wall of the through hole.

[0044] A non-circular cross-section synchronous shaft 912 is formed on the upper outer wall of the drill bit 91, and a non-rotation hole 146 with the same cross-section as the synchronous shaft 912 is formed at the inner bottom of the switching cylinder 14.

[0045] When the drill bit slide post 911 is located at the lower end of the straight chute 922, the rotation of the drill bit gear 92 causes the drill bit slide post 911 to move upward along the energy storage chute 921, the drill bit 91 moves upward, and the tension spring 93 is stretched to store energy.

[0046] When the drill bit slide column 911 is located at the upper end of the straight chute 922, the drill bit 91 rapidly moves downward to the lower limit position under the elastic force of the tension spring 93, the drill bit slide column 911 moves to the lower end of the straight chute 922, and penetrates through the exhaust hole 191 to dredge the exhaust hole 191.

[0047] An anti-blocking groove 913 is formed on the outer wall of the drill bit 91 and is arranged in the up and down direction.

[0048] When the drill bit 91 is located at the lower limit position, the anti-blocking groove 913 communicates the inside of the air exchange cylinder 19 with the outside world to avoid blockage.

[0049] A driving piston tube 13 communicated with the inside of the drying cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drying cylinder 1. The driving piston 53 is hermetically and slidably connected in the driving piston tube 13, and the axis of the driving piston 53 coincides with the axis of the driving piston tube 13. A rotating shaft drivingly connected to the gear ring 58 and a driven tube 54 whose axis coincides with the axis of the driving piston tube 13 are rotatably connected in the driving piston tube 13. A piston rod 533 is fixedly connected to the center of the lower end of the driving piston 53, and a piston slide column 531 is formed on the outer wall of the piston rod 533.

[0050] A spiral upper spiral groove 541 capable of slidably connecting with the piston slide column 531 is formed on the inner wall of the driven tube 54, and a spiral lower spiral groove 542 capable of slidably connecting with the piston slide column 531 is formed at the lower end of the upper spiral groove 541. The spiral directions of the upper spiral groove 541 and the lower spiral groove 542 are opposite.

[0051] When the pressure in the drying cylinder 1 decreases, the driving piston 53 moves upward, and the piston slide column 531 moves into the upper spiral groove 541 to make the driven tube 54 rotate forward, and the gear ring 58 rotates forward.

[0052] When the pressure in the drying cylinder 1 increases, the driving piston 53 moves downward, and the piston slide column 531 moves into the lower spiral groove 542 to make the driven tube 54 rotate forward, and the gear ring 58 rotates forward.

[0053] A rotation prevention groove 532 is formed on the outer wall of the driving piston 53, and a rotation prevention rib 131 arranged in the up and down direction and hermetically slidably connected to the rotation prevention groove 532 is formed on the inner wall of the driving piston tube 13. Driving piston springs 56 are arranged between the upper and lower ends of the driving piston 53 and the inner wall of the driving piston tube 13. A transmission gear 55 drivingly connected to the gear ring 58 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the air exchange cylinder 19, and a driving gear 543 drivingly connected to the transmission gear 55 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the driven tube 54.

[0054] A lifting seat 144 is formed at the inner bottom of the switching cylinder 14, and a lifting frame 52 for driving the switching gear 51 to move is hermetically and slidably connected in the lifting seat 144 in the vertical direction; a switching pump housing 73 is fixedly connected in the switching cylinder 14; a switching air chamber 731 communicating with the inside of the lifting seat 144 is formed in the switching pump housing 73, and a driven air chamber 733 communicating with the inside of the driven pipe 54 is formed in the switching pump housing 73. Switching pistons 71 are hermetically and slidably connected in both the switching air chamber 731 and the driven air chamber 733; the piston rod 533 is hermetically and slidably connected to the inner wall of the driven pipe 54; a synchronizing rod 711 is fixedly connected between the two switching pistons 71; two ventilation grooves 712 arranged along the axial direction are formed on the outer wall of the synchronizing rod 711 and can communicate the driven air chamber 733 with the outside.

[0055] A switching air pipe 737 communicating with the inside of the lifting seat 144 is formed on the inner wall of the switching air chamber 731; a driven air pipe 736 communicating with the inside of the driven pipe 54 is formed on the inner wall of the driven air chamber 733; a reversing air pipe 544 communicating with the driven air pipe 736 is formed at the inner bottom of the driven pipe 54; switching springs 72 are arranged between both ends of the switching piston 71 in the driven air chamber 733 and the switching pump housing 73.

[0056] When the switching gear 51 is at the upper limit position, both of the two switching pistons 71 are at the forward limit position, the volume in the switching air chamber 731 is the smallest, and the driven air chamber 733 communicates with the outside through one of the ventilation grooves 712.

[0057] When the switching gear 51 is at the lower limit position, both of the two switching pistons 71 are at the reverse limit position, the volume in the switching air chamber 731 is the largest, and the driven air chamber 733 communicates with the outside through the other ventilation groove 712.

[0058] During the upward movement of the driving piston 53, the driven air chamber 733 is first not communicated with the outside. The movement of the driving piston 53 causes the switching piston 71 to move forward, the lifting frame 52 drives the switching gear 51 to move upward, and then the driven air chamber 733 communicates with the outside through one of the ventilation grooves 712. The switching piston 71 moves to the forward limit position, and the switching gear 51 moves to the upper limit position. At this time, the gas discharged into the driven air chamber 733 is discharged to the outside through the ventilation groove 712.

[0059] During the downward movement of the driving piston 53, the driven air chamber 733 is first not in communication with the outside. The movement of the driving piston 53 causes the switching piston 71 to move in the reverse direction. The lifting frame 52 drives the switching gear 51 to move downward. Then, the driven air chamber 733 is in communication with the outside through another air vent groove 712. The switching piston 71 moves to the reverse limit position, and the switching gear 51 moves to the lower limit position. At this time, the gas discharged into the driven air chamber 733 is discharged to the outside through the air vent groove 712.

[0060] The stirring disk 3 is in transmission connection with the rotor 42; a plurality of adjusting holes 321 communicating with the inside of the drying cylinder 1 are formed on the adjusting pipe 32; an eccentrically arranged stirring rod 33 for stirring the desiccant is formed at the upper end of the stirring disk 3; a stirring gear 34 is fixedly connected to the center of the lower end of the stirring disk 3, and a synchronous gear 421 in transmission connection with the stirring gear 34 is fixedly connected to the center of the upper end of the rotor 42.

[0061] When the rotor 42 rotates, the gas in the adjusting pipe 32 is evenly discharged into the drying cylinder 1 through the respective adjusting holes 321. The stirring disk 3 rotates, and the stirring rod 33 stirs the desiccant, enabling the desiccant to fully absorb the moisture in the gas.

[0062] An eccentrically arranged driven synchronous block 423 is formed at the lower end of the rotor 42, and an eccentrically arranged driving synchronous block 511 capable of abutting against the driven synchronous block 423 is formed at the upper end of the switching gear 51.

[0063] When the driving synchronous block 511 does not abut against the driven synchronous block 423, the motor 8 operates to cause the commutation block 6 to rotate to the second position, and the rotor 42 does not rotate.

[0064] When the driving synchronous block 511 abuts against the driven synchronous block 423, the commutation block 6 is located at the second position. The motor 8 operates, and the rotation of the rotor 42 causes the stirring disk 3 to rotate.

[0065] An output shaft 81 is provided on the motor 8, and a non-circular cross-section synchronous block 811 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 81; a synchronous hole with the same cross-section as the synchronous block 811 is formed at the center of the switching gear 51.

[0066] The top inside the driving piston tube 13 communicates with the bottom inside the drying cylinder 1; a safety air hole 132 communicating with the outside is formed at the top inside the driving piston tube 13; a safety valve 57 capable of closing the safety air hole 132 is slidably connected to the top inside the driving piston tube 13; a push plate 572 capable of being pushed and moved by the driving piston 53 is formed at the lower end of the safety valve 57, and a safety spring 571 for pushing the safety valve 57 downward is arranged between the push plate 572 and the top inside the driving piston tube 13.

[0067] When the driving piston 53 moves to the lower limit position, the pressure inside the drying cylinder 1 continues to increase, the pressure inside the driving piston tube 13 increases, the safety valve 57 is pushed by the gas to the upper limit position, the safety valve 57 no longer closes the safety air hole 132, and the safety spring 571 contracts and stores energy.

[0068] When the driving piston 53 moves to the upper limit position, the driving piston 53 abuts against the push plate 572 and pushes the safety valve 57 to move to the upper limit position, the safety valve 57 no longer closes the safety air hole 132, and the safety spring 571 contracts and stores energy.

[0069] A communicating air pipe 18 is fixedly connected between the drying cylinder 1 and the driving piston tube 13. A lower air passage 112 communicating with the lower end of the communicating air pipe 18 is formed at the bottom inside the drying cylinder 1, and an upper air passage 111 communicating with the upper end of the communicating air pipe 18 is formed at the top inside the driving piston tube 13.

[0070] A controller is fixedly connected below the drying cylinder 1, and the pressure sensor 113 and the motor 8 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0071] When the pressure inside the drying cylinder 1 decreases but cannot be detected by the pressure sensor 113, the driving piston 53 moves upward, the switching gear 51 moves, and the motor 8 does not work.

[0072] When the pressure inside the drying cylinder 1 decreases to a level that can be detected by the pressure sensor 113, the switching gear 51 is located at the upper limit position, the pressure sensor 113 sends a signal, and the controller controls the motor 8 to work.

[0073] In the initial state, the piston slide column 531 is located at the connection of the upper spiral groove 541 and the lower spiral groove 542, the safety valve 57 closes the safety air hole 132, and the commutation block 6 is in the first position.

[0074] During the normal use of an immersion-type instrument, changes in the external temperature can cause changes in the liquid volume inside the instrument, that is, the gas volume in the solution chamber changes. When the solution chamber is directly connected to the external atmosphere, the water vapor mixed in the air enters the instrument, which is likely to contaminate the internal solution and even affect the sensors or mechanical structures inside the instrument. Therefore, the solution chamber of the immersion-type instrument cannot be directly connected to the external atmosphere, and a breathing valve needs to be used. The solution chamber interacts with the external gas through the breathing valve, and the moisture in the interacting gas is absorbed by the desiccant when passing through the breathing valve, and the dry gas enters and exits the instrument to balance the internal pressure of the instrument.

[0075] First, in the normal state, the gas path is not blocked. When the external temperature changes, the liquid volume inside the instrument changes, and the gas volume inside the instrument changes synchronously. The gas volume inside the drying cylinder 1 changes synchronously, and the pressure changes.

[0076] If the temperature rises, the gas volume inside the instrument increases, the pressure inside the drying cylinder 1 increases, and the sealing oil located inside the inner oil pipe 17 is pushed by the gas to move outward into the outer oil barrel 16. When the liquid level of the sealing oil inside the inner oil pipe 17 is flush with the lower opening, the gas inside the drying cylinder 1 is discharged from the lower opening, then passes through the exhaust gap between the elastic ring 15 and the lifting platform 2, and finally is discharged from each exhaust hole 191, thereby restoring the pressure inside the instrument.

[0077] If the temperature drops, the gas volume inside the instrument decreases, the pressure inside the drying cylinder 1 decreases, and the sealing oil located inside the outer oil barrel 16 is drawn into the inner oil pipe 17 due to the pressure difference. When the liquid level of the sealing oil inside the outer oil barrel 16 is flush with the lower opening of the inner oil pipe 17, the external gas is drawn into the drying cylinder 1 through the exhaust hole 191, the exhaust gap, and the lower opening. The desiccant inside the drying cylinder 1 absorbs the moisture in the gas, making the gas dry. The dry gas is replenished into the instrument through the ventilation seat 12, thereby restoring the pressure inside the instrument.

[0078] During the use of the breathing valve, blockage phenomena often occur, such as the bonding of the elastic ring 15 and the lower end face of the lifting platform 2, or the blockage of the exhaust hole 191 by foreign objects, icing due to temperature differences, etc., resulting in the inability of the breathing valve to be used normally. The pressure change inside the breathing valve cannot be balanced continuously. When the pressure change is too large, the accuracy of the instrument decreases or even damages the instrument, and manual maintenance or maintenance through circuit control is required.

[0079] Next, when the gas path is blocked, the gas inside the drying cylinder 1 interacts with the cavity above the driving piston 53 inside the driving piston tube 13 through the lower ventilation channel 112, the connecting air pipe 18, and the upper ventilation channel 111, so that the pressure inside the driving piston tube 13 changes synchronously with the pressure inside the drying cylinder 1. Furthermore, the driving piston 53 slides under the action of the pressure difference on both the upper and lower sides, and the driving piston springs 56 on both the upper and lower sides of the driving piston 53 contract and store energy.

[0080] Since the anti-rotation groove 532 and the anti-rotation rib 131 cooperate to make the driving piston 53 only slide relative to the driving piston tube 13 but not rotate relative to it, the movement of the driving piston 53 drives the piston sliding column 531 to move, so that the piston sliding column 531 moves in the spiral chute in the driven tube 54; if the pressure in the drying cylinder 1 increases, the driving piston 53 slides downward, and the piston sliding column 531 moves into the lower spiral groove 542 and drives the driven tube 54 to rotate forward; if the pressure in the drying cylinder 1 decreases, the driving piston 53 slides upward, and the piston sliding column 531 moves into the upper spiral groove 541 and drives the driven tube 54 to rotate forward. Thus, no matter whether the pressure in the drying cylinder 1 increases or decreases, the driving piston 53 always drives the driven tube 54 to rotate forward, and the rotation of the driven tube 54 drives the transmission gear 55 to rotate, making the gear ring 58 rotate forward.

[0081] The rotation of the gear ring 58 drives each drill bit gear 92 to rotate, and the rotation of the drill bit gear 92 drives the internal energy storage chute 921 to rotate. Since the synchronous shaft 912 on the drill bit 91 cooperates with the anti-rotation hole 146, the drill bit 91 can only slide up and down and cannot rotate. The rotation of the energy storage chute 921 makes the drill bit sliding column 911 move upward along the energy storage chute 921, and the drill bit 91 moves up synchronously, and the tension spring 93 is stretched and stores energy; when the drill bit 91 is at the upper limit position, the drill bit sliding column 911 moves from the energy storage chute 921 to the straight chute 922, and the drill bit 91 quickly moves downward under the elastic force of the tension spring 93, so that the drill bit 91 quickly penetrates the exhaust hole 191 directly below, achieving the purpose of dredging the exhaust hole 191. At this time, although the drill bit 91 is in the exhaust hole 191, the gas in the ventilation cylinder 19 can still interact with the outside through the anti-blocking groove 913 on the drill bit 91.

[0082] At the same time, the rotation of the drill bit gear 92 makes the lifting gear ring 21 rotate, and the rotation of the lifting gear ring 21 drives the lifting platform 2 to rotate. Since the external lifting thread 22 on the lifting platform 2 cooperates with the internal lifting thread 192 in the ventilation cylinder 19, the lifting platform 2 moves upward during the rotation process, and the exhaust gap between the lifting platform 2 and the elastic ring 15 increases and is no longer blocked.

[0083] Then, after the blockage is solved, there is a certain pressure difference between the pressure inside the drying cylinder 1 and the external pressure. When the gas is replenished inward too fast, the moisture carried in the gas cannot be completely absorbed, and the moisture enters the instrument. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the gas interaction speed.

[0084] If the pressure inside the original drying cylinder 1 is higher than the external pressure, the internal pressure pushes the driving piston 53 to move downward. The piston rod 533 on the driving piston 53 squeezes the gas inside the driven pipe 54. The gas inside the driven pipe 54 is discharged through the reversing air pipe 544 and enters the driven air chamber 733 through the driven air pipe 736. The increase in the internal pressure of the driven air chamber 733 causes the switching piston 71 inside the driven air chamber 733 to slide in the reverse direction. The sliding of the switching piston 71 drives the switching piston 71 inside the switching air chamber 731 to slide in the reverse direction synchronously through the synchronizing rod 711. The volume of the switching air chamber 731 increases and the pressure decreases, causing the gas inside the lifting seat 144 to be pumped into the switching air chamber 731 through the switching air pipe 737. As the gas inside the lifting seat 144 is pumped out, the lifting frame 52 moves downward, and the switching gear 51 on the lifting frame 52 moves downward synchronously.

[0085] When a ventilation slot 712 on the synchronizing rod 711 connects the driven air chamber 733 with the outside, the switching piston 71 moves to the reverse limit position. At this time, the gas discharged into the driven air chamber 733 is discharged to the outside through the ventilation slot 712. The lifting frame 52 and the switching gear 51 are located at the lower limit position, and the synchronizing hole on the switching gear 51 is separated from the synchronizing block 811 on the motor 8. At this time, the reversing block 6 rotates to the first position under the elastic force of the reversing torsion spring 62. At this time, the reversing air passage 61 inside the reversing block 6 is connected to the exhaust inner pipe 143. The gas inside the drying cylinder 1 is quickly discharged to the outside in sequence through the adjusting hole 321, the adjusting pipe 32, the connecting pipe 31, the exhaust through pipe 311, the exhaust inner pipe 143, and the reversing air passage 61, so that the pressure inside the drying cylinder 1 is restored.

[0086] If the pressure inside the original drying cylinder 1 is lower than the outside, the internal pressure drives the driving piston 53 to move upward. The volume of the gas inside the driven pipe 54 becomes larger, and it extracts the gas inside the driven air chamber 733 through the reversing air pipe 544. The switching piston 71 inside the driven air chamber 733 moves forward, and the switching piston 71 inside the switching air chamber 731 moves forward synchronously. The gas inside the switching air chamber 731 is squeezed and discharged into the lifting seat 144 through the switching air pipe 737, causing the lifting frame 52 to drive the switching gear 51 to move upward. When another ventilation slot 712 on the synchronizing rod 711 connects the driven air chamber 733 with the outside, the switching piston 71 moves to the forward limit position, and the synchronizing hole on the switching gear 51 cooperates with the synchronizing block 811 on the motor 8, and the driving synchronizing block 511 on the switching gear 51 and the driven synchronizing block 423 on the rotor 42 are on the same horizontal plane.

[0087] When the pressure in the drying cylinder 1 has not dropped to the set value, only the piston 53 is driven to move to drive the switching gear 51 to move. When the pressure in the drying cylinder 1 drops to the set value, the switching gear 51 is located at the upper limit position. At this time, the pressure sensor 113 in the drying cylinder 1 works, and the signal generated by the pressure sensor 113 is received by the controller. The controller issues an instruction to make the motor 8 work. The motor 8 drives the output shaft 81 to rotate, and the switching gear 51 inserted with the synchronous block 811 on the output shaft 81 rotates synchronously. The rotation of the switching gear 51 drives the arc-shaped rack 63 to rotate, causing the reversing block 6 to rotate, and the reversing torsion spring 62 twists and stores energy. When the arc-shaped rack 63 ends meshing with the switching gear 51, at this time, the reversing block 6 is kept in contact with the arc-shaped rack 63 without transmission under the elastic force of the reversing torsion spring 62, and the reversing block 6 remains in the second position. The reversing air passage 61 in the reversing block 6 is communicated with the air extraction inner tube 142. During this process, the driving synchronous block 511 and the driven synchronous block 423 do not abut, and the rotor 42 does not rotate.

[0088] When the driving synchronous block 511 abuts against the driven synchronous block 423, the reversing block 6 is already in the second position. The switching gear 51 continues to rotate and drives the rotor 42 to rotate at a lower speed through the driving synchronous block 511 and the driven synchronous block 423. The rotation of the rotor 42 drives the two vanes 43 to move in the pump housing 41; the two vanes 43 divide the space enclosed by the rotor 42 and the pump housing 41 into three cavities. The first cavity is communicated with the pump inlet pipe 412, the third cavity is communicated with the pump outlet pipe 411, and the second cavity is not communicated with the pump inlet pipe 412 and the pump outlet pipe 411; during the slow rotation of the rotor 42, the volume of the first cavity increases, the outside gas is extracted through the pump inlet pipe 412, the total amount of gas inside the second cavity remains unchanged, and the gas is transported. The volume of the third cavity decreases, and the gas is discharged into the regulating pipe 32 through the pump outlet pipe 411; when the volume of the original third cavity becomes zero, the original third cavity starts to extract the outside gas through the pump inlet pipe 412. The original first cavity is not communicated with the pump inlet pipe 412 and the pump outlet pipe 411, and the original second cavity is communicated with the pump outlet pipe 411. At this time, the original third cavity becomes the new first cavity, the original first cavity becomes the new second cavity, and the original second cavity becomes the new third cavity. In this way, the slow-rotating rotor 42 enables the regulating pump 4 to slowly transport gas into the regulating pipe 32, avoiding the gas being discharged into the drying cylinder 1 at one time under the action of the pressure difference, resulting in insufficient gas drying.

[0089] At the same time, the rotation of the rotor 42 drives the synchronous gear 421 to rotate. The rotation of the synchronous gear 421 drives the stirring gear 34 to rotate, causing the stirring disk 3 to rotate. The rotation of the stirring disk 3 drives the regulating hole 321 and the stirring rod 33 to rotate, so that the stirring disk 3 stirs the desiccant in the drying cylinder 1 during rotation, and at the same time evenly discharges gas into the drying cylinder 1, enabling the gas discharged into the drying cylinder 1 to fully contact the desiccant and remove moisture.

[0090] Finally, if the cause of the blockage is not due to the blockage of the exhaust gap and the exhaust hole 191, the driving piston 53 moves to the limit position driven by the change in pressure; when the driving piston 53 is pushed and moved by the increased pressure, the driving piston 53 moves to the lower limit position, and the gas that continues to enter the driving piston tube 13 causes the pressure to increase further. When the pressure is greater than the safety pressure, it pushes the safety valve 57 to move to an open position of the safety air hole 132, and the gas in the driving piston tube 13 is discharged to the outside through the safety air hole 132, so that the pressure is balanced; when the driving piston 53 is driven and moved by the decreased pressure, the driving piston 53 moves to the upper limit position and pushes the push plate 572 to move to the upper limit position synchronously. The movement of the push plate 572 causes the safety valve 57 to move to an open position of the safety air hole 132, and the gas from the outside is discharged into the driving piston tube 13 through the safety air hole 132, and then enters the bottom of the drying cylinder 1 through the upper air passage 111, the connecting air pipe 18, and the lower air passage 112. The discharged gas contacts the desiccant and the moisture is absorbed; so that no matter which direction the driving piston 53 moves, the safety air hole 132 can always be opened when it moves to the limit position, the safety spring 571 contracts and stores energy, and after the pressure recovers, the safety valve 57 moves to a closed position of the safety air hole 132 under the elastic force of the safety spring 571.

[0091] The present invention is a self-unblocking speed-regulating breathing valve for a liquid-immersed instrument, which can unblock the blocked part through the changing pressure in the drying cylinder when the gas path is blocked, without additional motors and control circuits. At the same time, it can change the gas flow direction according to the internal pressure after unblocking to achieve a better pressure balancing effect.

[0092] Furthermore: on the one hand, the driving piston in the present invention can move driven by the changing pressure in the drying cylinder. The movement of the driving piston can make the drill bit store energy, so that the drill bit can quickly penetrate the air inlet hole to achieve the purpose of unblocking the air inlet hole. At the same time, the movement of the driving piston can make the lifting table move, so that the exhaust gap between the elastic ring and the lifting table increases, to achieve the purpose of unblocking the exhaust gap.

[0093] On the other hand, the driving piston in the present invention can change the gas connection direction according to the pressure in the drying cylinder. When the pressure is relatively high, it directly connects the drying cylinder to the outside and quickly exhausts the gas to the outside. When the pressure is relatively low, it slowly pumps gas from the outside into the drying cylinder through the speed-regulating pump, so that the drawn-in gas can fully contact the desiccant and remove moisture.

Claims

1. A self-unclogging speed-regulating breathing valve for a liquid-immersed instrument, characterized in that: It includes a liquid immersion instrument and a drying cylinder filled with desiccant, which is installed on the liquid immersion instrument and communicated with the solution chamber inside the liquid immersion instrument; a stirring disk for stirring the desiccant is rotatably connected to the inner bottom of the drying cylinder, and an adjusting pipe for communicating the inside of the drying cylinder with the outside is formed on the stirring disk; A reversing block for changing the communication direction of the adjusting pipe is rotatably connected below the drying cylinder; an adjusting pump for adjusting the speed of the gas entering the adjusting pipe is arranged below the drying cylinder; a switching gear is rotatably connected below the drying cylinder and is in transmission connection with the reversing block; the switching gear can drive the stirring disk to rotate, and the switching gear can drive the adjusting pump to work; a motor capable of driving the switching gear to rotate is fixedly connected below the drying cylinder; a driving piston for driving the switching gear to slide in the up and down direction is hermetically slidably connected to the drying cylinder; the driving piston can slide under the drive of the increased or decreased pressure in the drying cylinder; When the pressure in the drying cylinder is greater than the external pressure, the switching gear is located at the lower limit position, the reversing block is located at the first position, the adjusting pipe is directly communicated with the outside, and the gas in the drying cylinder is quickly discharged to the outside; when the pressure in the drying cylinder is less than the external pressure, the switching gear is located at the upper limit position, the motor works to make the reversing block located at the second position, the adjusting pipe is communicated with the outside through the adjusting pump, the external gas slowly enters the drying cylinder through the adjusting pump, and the stirring disk stirs the desiccant so that the entering gas fully contacts the desiccant to remove moisture; A switching cylinder for installing the motor and the adjusting pump is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drying cylinder; the adjusting pump includes a pump housing fixedly connected in the switching cylinder, an eccentrically arranged rotor that is hermetically rotatably connected in the pump housing and is hermetically tangent to the inner wall of the pump housing, two vanes that are hermetically slidably connected to the rotor along the radial direction of the rotor and are hermetically rotatably connected to the inner wall of the pump housing, and a vane spring arranged between the two vanes for pushing the two vanes away from each other; the rotor can be in transmission connection with the switching gear; A pump-in pipe for gas to enter the pump housing is formed on one side of the inner wall of the pump housing at the tangent position of the rotor, and a pump-out pipe communicated with the adjusting pipe is formed on the other side of the inner wall of the pump housing at the tangent position of the rotor; the two vanes divide the space surrounded by the rotor and the pump housing into three cavities. Among the three cavities, the one communicated with the pump-in pipe is the first cavity, the one communicated with the pump-out pipe is the third cavity, and the one not communicated with the pump-in pipe and the pump-out pipe among the three cavities is the second cavity; During the rotation of the rotor, the volume of the first cavity increases, the external gas is extracted through the pump-in pipe, the total amount of gas inside the second cavity remains unchanged to transport the gas, and the volume of the third cavity decreases, and the gas is discharged into the adjusting pipe through the pump-out pipe; A reversing seat that is hermetically and rotationally connected to the reversing block is formed at the inner bottom of the switching cylinder; a reversing air passage for gas flow is formed inside the reversing block; an air extraction inner pipe that can connect the pumping pipe and the reversing air passage is formed on the inner wall of the reversing seat, and an exhaust inner pipe that can connect the regulating pipe and the reversing air passage is formed on the inner wall of the reversing seat; an arc-shaped rack that is arranged circumferentially and can be drivingly connected to the switching gear is formed at the upper end of the reversing block; a reversing torsion spring for driving the reversing block to rotate to the first position is formed on the reversing block and the reversing seat; When the switching gear is at the upper limit position, the motor operates, the switching gear drives the reversing block to rotate to the second position, the air extraction inner pipe is connected to the reversing air passage, the reversing torsion spring twists and stores energy, and the switching gear remains in contact with the arc-shaped rack without transmission; When the switching gear is at the lower limit position, the motor does not operate, and the reversing block rotates to the first position under the elastic force of the reversing torsion spring, and the exhaust inner pipe is connected to the reversing air passage; An inner oil pipe connected to the reversing air passage is formed at the center of the lower end of the switching cylinder, a ventilation cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end of the switching cylinder, an outer oil barrel filled with sealing oil is fixedly connected to the center of the ventilation cylinder, the inner oil pipe is located inside the outer oil barrel, and the lower end opening of the inner oil pipe is below the liquid level of the sealing oil; An elastic ring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer oil barrel; a lifting platform is hermetically and slidably connected in the ventilation cylinder in the vertical direction; there is an exhaust gap for gas passage between the lower end of the lifting platform and the elastic ring; the lifting platform is drivingly connected to the driving piston; an external lifting thread is formed on the lower part of the outer wall of the lifting platform, and an internal lifting thread that is threadedly connected to the external lifting thread is formed inside the ventilation cylinder; When the driving piston slides, the lifting platform rotates, and the lifting platform moves upward under the action of the internal lifting thread and the external lifting thread. The lower end of the lifting platform and the elastic ring move away from each other, and the exhaust gap increases; An exhaust hole for gas interaction with the outside is formed at the inner bottom of the ventilation cylinder, and a drill bit assembly for dredging the exhaust hole is arranged inside the ventilation cylinder; the drill bit assembly includes a drill bit that is slidably connected in the ventilation cylinder in the vertical direction for penetrating the exhaust hole, a drill bit gear that is rotatably connected in the ventilation cylinder and is drivingly connected to the lifting platform, and a tension spring arranged between the drill bit and the ventilation cylinder for driving the drill bit to move downward; a gear ring that is rotatably connected in the ventilation cylinder and is drivingly connected to the driving piston is arranged inside the ventilation cylinder; the gear ring is drivingly connected to the drill bit gear; A drill bit slide post is formed on the outer wall of the drill bit, a through hole that is slidably connected to the drill bit is formed on the inner wall of the drill bit gear, a spiral energy storage chute that can be slidably connected to the drill bit slide post is formed on the inner wall of the through hole, and a straight chute that is arranged in the vertical direction and is respectively connected to both ends of the energy storage chute is formed on the inner wall of the through hole; The outer wall of the drying cylinder is fixedly connected to a driving piston tube that is connected to the interior of the drying cylinder, and the driving piston is sealingly and slidably connected to the driving piston tube; a driven tube that is transmission-connected to the gear ring is rotatably connected to the driving piston tube; a piston rod is fixedly connected to the center of the lower end of the driving piston, a piston slide is formed on the outer wall of the piston rod, and an upper spiral groove that can be slidably connected to the piston slide is formed on the inner wall of the driven tube, and a lower spiral groove that can be slidably connected to the piston slide is formed on the lower end of the upper spiral groove; the spiral directions of the upper spiral groove and the lower spiral groove are opposite.

2. The self-unblocking speed-regulating breathing valve of a liquid-immersed instrument according to claim 1, wherein: A lifting seat is formed at the bottom of the switching cylinder, and a lifting frame for driving the switching gear to move is sealed and slidably connected in the lifting seat in the up-down direction; a switching pump shell is fixedly connected in the switching cylinder; a switching air cavity connected to the interior of the lifting seat is formed in the switching pump shell, and a driven air cavity connected to the driven tube is formed in the switching pump shell, and a switching piston is sealed and slidably connected in both the switching air cavity and the driven air cavity; the piston rod is sealed and slidably connected to the inner wall of the driven tube; a synchronization rod is fixedly connected between the two switching pistons; and two ventilation grooves arranged along the axial direction and capable of connecting the driven air cavity with the outside are formed on the outer wall of the synchronization rod; When the switching gear is located at the upper limit position, the two switching pistons are both located at the positive limit position, the volume inside the switching air chamber is the smallest, and the driven air chamber is connected to the outside through one of the ventilation grooves; When the switching gear is located at the lower limit position, the two switching pistons are both located at the reverse limit position, the volume inside the switching air chamber is the largest, and the driven air chamber is connected to the outside through another ventilation groove.

3. The self-unclogging speed-regulating breathing valve of a liquid-immersed instrument according to claim 1, wherein: The stirring disc is drivingly connected to the rotor; a plurality of regulating holes connected to the drying cylinder are formed on the regulating tube; an eccentrically arranged stirring rod for stirring the desiccant is formed on the upper end of the stirring disc; when the rotor rotates, the gas in the regulating tube is evenly discharged into the drying cylinder through each of the regulating holes, the stirring disc rotates, and the stirring rod stirs the desiccant, so that the desiccant fully absorbs the moisture in the gas.

4. The self-unblocking speed-regulating breathing valve of a liquid-immersed instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the rotor is formed with an eccentrically arranged driven synchronous block, and the upper end of the switching gear is formed with an eccentrically arranged driving synchronous block capable of abutting against the driven synchronous block; When the driving synchronous block and the driven synchronous block do not abut against each other, the motor works to cause the commutation block to rotate to the second position, and the rotor does not rotate; when the driving synchronous block and the driven synchronous block abut against each other, the commutation block is located in the second position, the motor works, and the rotor rotates to cause the stirring plate to rotate.

5. The self-unblocking speed-regulating breathing valve of a liquid-immersed instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top inside the driving piston tube communicates with the bottom inside the drying cylinder; a safety air hole communicating with the outside is formed at the top inside the driving piston tube; a safety valve capable of closing the safety air hole is slidably connected to the top inside the driving piston tube; a push plate capable of being pushed and moved by the driving piston is formed at the lower end of the safety valve, and a safety spring for pushing the safety valve downward is arranged between the push plate and the top inside the driving piston tube.

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