Intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in coal mines and its use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intelligent screw drill tool for directional drilling in coal mines and a method for using the same. The drill tool comprises a motor assembly, an angle adjustment assembly, a universal joint assembly, and a transmission shaft assembly, which are arranged in sequence from back to front. The motor assembly is provided with a motor assembly housing on the outside, and a stator and a hollow rotor are provided inwardly therein in sequence. The angle adjustment assembly is provided with an angle adjustment assembly housing, an angle adjustment unit is provided in the side wall of the angle adjustment assembly housing, and a retaining spring, a dynamic seal assembly, and an angle adjustment gear are provided at the end of the angle adjustment assembly housing. The universal joint assembly comprises a universal joint housing, which is provided with a universal joint and a plastic joint. The intelligent screw drill tool of the present invention realizes autonomous measurement and closed-loop adjustment of the tool face angle at the bottom of the hole, and the adjustment is real-time and accurate, ensuring the accuracy of drilling trajectory adjustment, significantly improving directional drilling efficiency, and helping to promote the development of intelligent drilling technology in coal mines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of directional drilling in coal mines, and in particular relates to an intelligent screw drill tool for directional drilling in coal mines and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Screw drill bits convert high-pressure flushing hydraulic energy into kinetic energy to drive the drill bit to rotate at high speed to break rock. At the same time, they control the drilling direction by adjusting the tool face angle to achieve directional drilling. Therefore, screw drill bits are one of the key equipment for directional drilling in coal mines.

[0003] When adjusting the drilling trajectory during directional drilling in coal mines, technicians first measure the current face angle of the screw drill tool at the bottom of the hole. Then, based on the drilling trajectory, they manually rotate the drill string in the hole to drive the screw drill tool at the bottom of the hole to rotate, thereby adjusting the tool face angle of the screw drill tool to the required value. The adjusted tool face angle is then used to slide the directional drill an appropriate distance to adjust the drilling trajectory. The use of existing screw drill tools for directional drilling has the following problems:

[0004] (1) The measured value of the tool face angle of the screw drill is inaccurate. The existing screw drill adjusts the tool face angle by manually operating the drill rig to rotate the drill string in the hole. Due to the influence of the friction resistance between the drill string and the hole wall, the rotary power of the hole drill cannot be effectively transmitted to the screw drill at the bottom of the hole in real time. At this time, the measured tool face angle value is not the actual adjusted value. The rotary power can only be fully transmitted to the screw drill at the bottom of the hole after sliding drilling a certain distance. At this time, the tool face angle has changed, resulting in inaccurate measured value of the tool face angle of the screw drill.

[0005] (2) Poor drilling trajectory adjustment accuracy. Since the value measured after manually adjusting the tool face angle of the screw drill is not the actual tool face angle value, the tool face angle of the screw drill at the bottom of the hole will change during the sliding drilling process, resulting in the actual drilling direction not being the designed drilling direction, causing a certain deviation in the drilling trajectory adjustment, affecting the drilling trajectory control accuracy.

[0006] (3) Low directional drilling efficiency. Based on the existing screw drill, directional drilling at this stage adopts the mode of manual intervention in the hole mouth for drilling trajectory measurement and screw drill tool face adjustment. It is impossible to achieve autonomous closed-loop directional drilling at the bottom of the hole, which affects the quality of drilling trajectory measurement and screw drill tool face adjustment, resulting in low directional drilling efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the problems of inaccurate measured values ​​of tool face angles, poor drilling trajectory adjustment accuracy, and low directional drilling efficiency when using existing screw drills for directional drilling, the designers of the present invention have, in view of the above defects, conducted intensive research and design, and integrated the experience and achievements of related industries to research and provide an intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in coal mines and a method of use to solve the above technical problems.

[0008] On the one hand, the present invention provides an intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in coal mines, comprising a motor assembly, an angle adjustment assembly, a universal joint assembly and a transmission shaft assembly arranged in sequence from rear to front;

[0009] The motor assembly is provided with a motor assembly housing on the outside, and a stator and a hollow rotor are provided inwardly therein in sequence; a through hole is provided in the center of the hollow rotor, and a measurement while drilling system is provided inside the through hole; the front end and the rear end of the hollow rotor are respectively connected to a plastic joint and a sealing plug;

[0010] The angle adjustment assembly is provided with an angle adjustment assembly housing, an angle adjustment unit is provided in the side wall of the angle adjustment assembly housing, and a retaining spring, a dynamic sealing assembly and an angle adjustment gear are provided at the end of the angle adjustment assembly housing; the angle adjustment unit includes a wireless communication module, a communication cable, a monitoring module, a power supply module and a drive unit connected in sequence; the drive unit includes a drive gear, a drive shaft, a reducer and a drive motor connected in sequence, and the drive gear is engaged with the angle adjustment gear;

[0011] The cardan shaft assembly includes a cardan shaft assembly housing, which is equipped with a cardan shaft and a plastic joint; the angle adjustment gear is annular, which is sleeved on the outside of the cardan shaft assembly housing and fixedly connected; the retaining spring connects the angle adjustment assembly housing and the cardan shaft assembly housing.

[0012] Furthermore, the measurement while drilling system is provided with a wireless communication module, a measurement module, a centralizer, a power supply module, a control module, a sealing plug and a wired communication module in sequence.

[0013] Furthermore, a rechargeable battery cartridge is provided inside the power supply module.

[0014] Furthermore, the sealing plug is connected to the control module and the hollow rotor respectively through threads;

[0015] Furthermore, the wired communication module is connected to the central cable drill rod by means of a slip ring.

[0016] Furthermore, the wireless communication module and the wireless communication module utilize wireless electromagnetics to achieve two-way communication.

[0017] Furthermore, the hollow rotor, plastic joint, plastic joint and universal shaft are sequentially connected through threads.

[0018] Furthermore, a charging connector is provided on the power supply module; and a charging connector is provided on the outer wall of the angle adjustment assembly shell.

[0019] Furthermore, a plurality of angle-adjusting teeth are evenly arranged around the outer edge of the angle-adjusting gear, and the angles between two adjacent teeth are the same; and a mounting opening is provided inside the angle-adjusting gear.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in coal mines, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Parameter measurement and calculation: The measurement module of the MWD system measures the inclination and azimuth of the current borehole depth. The monitoring module of the angle adjustment unit measures the tool roll angle of the current screw drill. The wireless communication module transmits the tool roll angle data to the wireless communication module of the MWD system. The control module calculates the tool roll angle of the screw drill used for the next directional drilling operation based on the drilling trajectory design data and the inclination and azimuth values ​​of the current borehole depth, and transmits the tool roll angle adjustment instruction to the angle adjustment unit.

[0022] Step 2: Closed-loop adjustment of the tool face angle: After the angle adjustment unit receives the tool face angle adjustment command from the measurement while drilling system, the monitoring module calculates the required rotation angle based on the difference between the current tool face angle of the screw drill and the tool face angle to be adjusted, and issues an angle adjustment command to the drive unit. After the drive unit receives the angle adjustment command, the drive motor uses the reducer to output low-speed rotation, and drives the drive gear and the angle adjustment gear to rotate through the drive shaft, thereby driving the universal joint assembly housing and the transmission shaft housing to rotate, adjusting the tool face angle to the required angle. After the angle adjustment unit completes the tool face angle adjustment, the monitoring module measures the adjusted tool face angle and transmits the signal to the measurement while drilling system through the wireless communication module and the wireless communication module through the wireless channel formed by the wireless communication module. The measurement while drilling system uses the wired communication module to transmit the current depth drilling inclination angle, azimuth angle, and the values ​​before and after the tool face angle adjustment to the hole mouth. After receiving the current depth drilling inclination angle, azimuth angle, and the values ​​before and after the tool face angle adjustment, the hole mouth performs manual intervention when the screw drill tool face angle adjustment fails, thereby achieving closed-loop adjustment of the screw drill tool face angle.

[0023] Step 3: Directional drilling: The monitoring module controls the reduction gear to brake to keep the screw drill tool angle unchanged, and uses the drilling rig to implement sliding directional drilling with the adjusted screw drill tool angle.

[0024] Step 4: Drilling at the end of the hole: Repeat steps 1, 2, and 3 until the designed depth is reached, completing the directional drilling construction and withdrawing the instruments and drilling tools from the hole.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0026] (1) The screw drill can adjust the tool face angle automatically, and the tool face angle can be adjusted accurately and in real time. The intelligent screw drill of the present invention can measure and adjust the tool face angle at the bottom of the hole by using its own angle adjustment unit. The tool face angle of the screw drill can be adjusted in real time and accurately, realizing the "in-situ" adjustment of the tool face angle.

[0027] (2) The tool face angle can be adjusted autonomously at the bottom of the hole, improving the drilling trajectory adjustment accuracy. The intelligent screw drill of the present invention can accurately adjust the tool face angle in real time at the bottom of the hole. The actual drilling direction is the designed drilling direction, avoiding the drilling trajectory adjustment deviation caused by the rotation of the hole drill to adjust the tool face angle, and ensuring the drilling trajectory adjustment accuracy.

[0028] (3) Closed-loop adjustment of the tool face angle significantly improves directional drilling efficiency. The intelligent screw drill of the present invention can perform drilling trajectory measurement, tool face angle analysis and calculation, and tool face angle adjustment at the bottom of the hole. Only drilling parameters are monitored at the hole mouth, achieving closed-loop adjustment of the tool face angle at the bottom of the hole, avoiding manual intervention in drilling trajectory measurement and screw drill tool tool face adjustment operations, and significantly improving directional drilling efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is the overall structure diagram of the intelligent screw drilling tool;

[0030] Figure 2 This is the local structure diagram of the intelligent screw drilling tool;

[0031] Figure 3 This is the structural diagram of the angle adjustment gear;

[0032] Figure 4 This is the structure diagram of the drive unit.

[0033] The meaning of the numbers in the figure: 1-motor assembly, 2-angle adjustment assembly, 3-universal joint assembly, 4-drive shaft assembly, 101-motor assembly housing, 102-stator, 103-hollow rotor, 104-plastic joint a, 105-measurement while drilling system, 1051-wireless communication module a, 1052-measurement module, 1053-centralizer, 1054-power supply module a, 1055-control module, 1056-sealing plug, 1057-wired communication module, 201-angle adjustment assembly housing, 202-angle adjustment unit , 2021-wireless communication module b, 2022-communication cable, 2023-monitoring module, 2024-power supply module b, 2025-charging connector, 2026-drive unit, 20261-drive gear, 20262-drive shaft, 20263-reducer, 20264-drive motor, 203-circlip, 204-dynamic seal assembly, 205-angle adjustment gear, 2051-angle adjustment gear, 2052-installation port, 301-universal joint assembly housing, 302-universal joint, 303-plastic joint b. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] See also Figure 1 The present invention discloses an intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in coal mines, comprising a motor assembly 1, an angle adjustment assembly 2, a universal joint assembly 3 and a transmission shaft assembly 4 arranged in sequence from back to front, wherein all metal components are made of non-magnetic steel material.

[0035] See also Figure 2 The motor assembly 1 is provided with a motor assembly housing 101 on the outside, and a stator 102 and a hollow rotor 103 are provided inwardly therein in sequence; a through hole is provided in the center of the hollow rotor 103, and a measurement while drilling system 105 is provided inside the through hole. The front and rear ends of the hollow rotor 103 are respectively connected to a plastic joint a104 and a sealing plug 1056.

[0036] The measurement while drilling system 105 is sequentially equipped with a wireless communication module a1051, a measurement module 1052, a centralizer 1053, a power supply module a1054, a control module 1055, a sealing plug 1056, and a wired communication module 1057. The wireless communication module a1051 is used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wireless signals; the measurement module 1052 is used to measure the borehole inclination and azimuth; the power supply module a1054 is internally equipped with a rechargeable battery cartridge for powering the measurement while drilling system 105; the control module 1055 is used to monitor and control the operating status of the measurement while drilling system 105; the sealing plug 1056 is threadedly connected to the control module 1055 and the hollow rotor 103 to secure the measurement while drilling system 105; the wired communication module 1057 is connected to the center cable drill pipe using a slip ring to achieve two-way communication between the measurement while drilling system 105 and the borehole; and the centralizer 1053 is used to centralize and reduce vibration of the measurement while drilling system 105.

[0037] See also Figure 2 、 3 and 4, the angle adjustment assembly 2 is provided with an angle adjustment assembly shell 201, an angle adjustment unit 202 is provided in the side wall of the angle adjustment assembly shell 201, and a retaining spring 203, a dynamic sealing component 204 and an angle adjustment gear 205 are provided at the end of the angle adjustment assembly shell 201.

[0038] The angle adjustment unit 202 is used to monitor and adjust the tool roll angle of the screw drill. It comprises a wireless communication module b2021, a communication cable 2022, a monitoring module 2023, a power supply module b2024, and a drive unit 2026, which are sequentially connected. The power supply module b2024 is equipped with a charging connector 2025. The wireless communication module b2021 transmits and receives wireless electromagnetic signals; the monitoring module 2023 measures the current tool roll angle and calculates the required tool roll angle. The power supply module b2024 supplies power to the angle adjustment unit 202, and a charging connector 2025 is provided on the outer wall of the angle adjustment assembly housing 201 for charging the power supply module b2024. The drive unit 2026 executes tool roll angle adjustment commands issued by the control module 1055, which are transmitted via the wireless channel formed by the wireless communication module a1051 and the wireless communication module b2021. The driving unit 2026 includes a driving gear 20261, a driving shaft 20262, a reducer 20263 and a driving motor 20264, wherein the driving gear 20261, the driving shaft 20262, the reducer 20263 and the driving motor 20264 are connected in sequence by threads; at the same time, the driving gear 20261 is engaged with the angle adjustment gear 205.

[0039] The driving motor 20264 utilizes the reducer 20263 to output a lower rotational speed, drives the driving gear 20261 through the driving shaft 20262, and thereby drives the angle adjustment gear 205 to rotate to adjust the facing angle of the screw drill tool; when the angle adjustment operation is not performed, the reducer 20263 has an automatic braking function to keep the facing angle of the screw drill tool unchanged.

[0040] See also Figure 2 The cardan shaft assembly 3 includes a cardan shaft assembly housing 301, which is provided with a cardan shaft 302 and a plastic joint b303.

[0041] See also Figure 2 The wireless communication module a1051 and the wireless communication module b2021 use wireless electromagnetics to achieve two-way communication.

[0042] See also Figure 2 The hollow rotor 103, plastic joint a104, plastic joint b303 and universal shaft 302 are connected in sequence by threads. After the plastic joint a104 and the plastic joint b303 are connected, the wireless electromagnetic signals emitted by the wireless communication module a1051 and the wireless communication module b2021 pass through an area without metal materials, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of the wireless electromagnetic signals being shielded by metal materials.

[0043] See also Figure 2The retaining spring 203 is used to connect the angle adjustment assembly housing 201 and the universal joint assembly housing 301 to achieve axial fixation and circumferential rotation connection of the universal joint assembly housing 301; the dynamic seal assembly 204 is used to achieve effective sealing between the angle adjustment assembly housing 201 and the universal joint assembly housing 301 in a relative rotation state.

[0044] See also Figure 4 The angle adjustment gear 205 is annular and sleeved around the exterior of the universal joint assembly housing 301. It is securely connected to the housing 301 using an interference fit. A plurality of 36 angle adjustment teeth 2051 are evenly spaced around the outer edge of the angle adjustment gear 205. Adjacent teeth have the same angle, preferably 10°. An internal mounting opening 2052 is provided for circumferential attachment to the housing 301.

[0045] The present invention also discloses a method for using an intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in a coal mine, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Parameter Measurement and Calculation. The measurement module 1052 of the MWD system 105 measures the inclination and azimuth of the current borehole depth. The monitoring module 2023 of the angle adjustment unit 202 measures the tool roll angle of the current screw drill. The wireless communication module b 2021 transmits the tool roll angle data to the wireless communication module a 1051 of the MWD system 105. The control module 1055 calculates the tool roll angle of the screw drill used for the next directional drilling operation based on the drilling trajectory design data and the inclination and azimuth values ​​of the current borehole depth, and transmits the tool roll angle adjustment instruction to the angle adjustment unit 202.

[0047] Step 2: Closed-loop adjustment of the tool face angle. After the angle adjustment unit 202 receives the tool face angle adjustment instruction from the drilling measurement system 105, the monitoring module 2023 calculates the angle that needs to be rotated based on the difference between the tool face angle of the current screw drill and the tool face angle that needs to be adjusted, and sends an angle adjustment instruction to the drive unit 2026. After the drive unit 2026 receives the angle adjustment instruction, the drive motor 20264 uses the reducer 20263 to output low-speed rotation, and drives the drive gear 20261 and the angle adjustment gear 205 to rotate through the drive shaft 20262, thereby driving the universal joint assembly housing 301 and the transmission shaft 3 housing to rotate, and adjusting the tool face angle to the required angle; after the angle adjustment unit 202 completes the tool face angle adjustment, the monitoring module Block 2023 measures the adjusted tool face angle and transmits the signal to the downhole measurement system 105 through the wireless channel formed by the wireless communication module b2021 and the wireless communication module a1051. The downhole measurement system 105 uses the wired communication module 1057 to transmit the current depth drilling inclination, azimuth, and the values ​​before and after the tool face angle adjustment to the hole mouth; after the hole mouth receives the current depth drilling inclination, azimuth, and the values ​​before and after the tool face angle adjustment, the construction personnel judge whether the adjusted screw drill tool tool face angle is correct based on the drilling trajectory adjustment rules, and only perform manual intervention to eliminate the problem when the screw drill tool tool face angle adjustment is wrong, thereby realizing closed-loop adjustment of the screw drill tool tool face angle.

[0048] Step 3: Directional Drilling. The monitoring module 2023 controls the reducer 20263 to brake to maintain the screw drill tool angle unchanged. Using the appropriate thrust force of the drilling rig and setting a reasonable feed rate, sliding directional drilling is performed with the adjusted screw drill tool angle.

[0049] Step 4: Drilling at the end of the hole. Repeat steps 1, 2, and 3 until the designed depth is reached, completing the directional drilling operation and withdrawing the instruments and drilling tools from the hole.

[0050] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0052] In addition, the various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in coal mines, characterized in that: It includes a motor assembly, an angle adjustment assembly, a universal joint assembly and a transmission shaft assembly which are arranged in sequence from back to front; The motor assembly is provided with a motor assembly housing on the outside, and a stator and a hollow rotor are provided inwardly therein in sequence; a through hole is provided in the center of the hollow rotor, and a measurement while drilling system is provided inside the through hole; the front end and the rear end of the hollow rotor are respectively connected to a plastic joint and a sealing plug; The angle adjustment assembly is provided with an angle adjustment assembly housing, an angle adjustment unit is provided in the side wall of the angle adjustment assembly housing, and a retaining spring, a dynamic sealing assembly and an angle adjustment gear are provided at the end of the angle adjustment assembly housing; the angle adjustment unit includes a wireless communication module, a communication cable, a monitoring module, a power supply module and a drive unit connected in sequence; the drive unit includes a drive gear, a drive shaft, a reducer and a drive motor connected in sequence, and the drive gear is engaged with the angle adjustment gear; The cardan shaft assembly includes a cardan shaft assembly housing, which is equipped with a cardan shaft and a plastic joint; the angle adjustment gear is annular, which is sleeved on the outside of the cardan shaft assembly housing and fixedly connected; the retaining spring connects the angle adjustment assembly housing and the cardan shaft assembly housing.

2. The intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measurement while drilling system is provided with a wireless communication module, a measurement module, a centralizer, a power supply module, a control module, a sealing plug and a wired communication module in sequence.

3. The intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in coal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rechargeable battery cartridge is provided inside the power supply module.

4. The intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in coal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing plug is connected to the control module and the hollow rotor respectively through threads.

5. The intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in coal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wired communication module is connected to the central cable drill rod in a slip ring manner.

6. The intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in coal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wireless communication module and the wireless communication module use wireless electromagnetics to achieve two-way communication.

7. The intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow rotor, plastic joint, plastic joint and universal shaft are connected in sequence through threads.

8. The intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply module is provided with a charging connector; the outer wall of the angle adjustment assembly housing is provided with a charging connector.

9. The intelligent screw drill for directional drilling in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of angle-adjusting teeth are evenly arranged around the outer edge of the angle-adjusting gear, and the angles between two adjacent teeth are the same; and a mounting opening is provided inside the angle-adjusting gear.

10. A method for using the intelligent screw drill tool for directional drilling in coal mines according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Parameter measurement and calculation: The measurement module of the MWD system measures the inclination and azimuth of the current borehole depth. The monitoring module of the angle adjustment unit measures the tool roll angle of the current screw drill. The wireless communication module transmits the tool roll angle data to the wireless communication module of the MWD system. The control module calculates the tool roll angle of the screw drill used for the next directional drilling operation based on the drilling trajectory design data and the inclination and azimuth values ​​of the current borehole depth, and transmits the tool roll angle adjustment instruction to the angle adjustment unit. Step 2: Closed-loop adjustment of the tool face angle: After the angle adjustment unit receives the tool face angle adjustment command from the measurement while drilling system, the monitoring module calculates the required rotation angle based on the difference between the current tool face angle of the screw drill and the tool face angle to be adjusted, and issues an angle adjustment command to the drive unit. After the drive unit receives the angle adjustment command, the drive motor uses the reducer to output low-speed rotation, and drives the drive gear and the angle adjustment gear to rotate through the drive shaft, thereby driving the universal joint assembly housing and the transmission shaft housing to rotate, adjusting the tool face angle to the required angle. After the angle adjustment unit completes the tool face angle adjustment, the monitoring module measures the adjusted tool face angle and transmits the signal to the measurement while drilling system through the wireless communication module and the wireless communication module through the wireless channel formed by the wireless communication module. The measurement while drilling system uses the wired communication module to transmit the current depth drilling inclination angle, azimuth angle, and the values ​​before and after the tool face angle adjustment to the hole mouth. After receiving the current depth drilling inclination angle, azimuth angle, and the values ​​before and after the tool face angle adjustment, the hole mouth performs manual intervention when the screw drill tool face angle adjustment fails, thereby achieving closed-loop adjustment of the screw drill tool face angle. Step 3: Directional drilling: The monitoring module controls the reduction gear to brake to keep the screw drill tool angle unchanged, and uses the drilling rig to implement sliding directional drilling with the adjusted screw drill tool angle. Step 4: Drilling at the end of the hole: Repeat steps 1, 2, and 3 until the designed depth is reached, completing the directional drilling construction and withdrawing the instruments and drilling tools from the hole.

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