Gear shifting device

Abstract

The invention relates to a shifting device (1) for a transmission system of a motor vehicle, the shifting device comprising: a housing (2) in which a first drive shaft and a second drive shaft (3, 4) are rotatably mounted, the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft (3, 4) being coaxially arranged with respect to each other so that the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft have a common rotation axis (5); and a shiftable clutch device (6) arranged between the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft (3, 4), wherein the clutch device (6) has an open shifting position in which the first drive shaft (3) can be shifted relative to the second drive shaft. The shaft (4) is freely rotatable, and the clutch device (6) has a closed shift position, in which the first drive shaft (3) is connected to the second drive shaft (4) in a non-rotatable manner via the clutch device (6), wherein a control element (7) is provided which can be displaced in the direction of the rotation axis (5) of the drive shafts (3, 4) and which switches the clutch device (6) to an open or closed switching position depending on its displacement position, wherein the control element (7) is formed by a sliding sleeve surrounding at least one of the two drive shafts (3, 4), and a transmission element (8) is provided on the outer circumference of the sliding sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a gearshift device for a drive train of a motor vehicle. Background Art

[0002] DE 10 2014 217 066 A1 discloses a clutch for a switchable all-wheel drive, wherein two aligned drive shafts are connected to one another via a clutch component which enables an interlocking connection between the two drive shafts. The clutch has a shift element in the form of a shift fork, with which the clutch component which can be displaced in the axial direction is displaced in such a way that an interlocking connection is established between the two drive shafts.

[0003] From WO 2011 / 098 595 A1, a coupling assembly for a drive train of a motor vehicle is known, which comprises at least one clutch, which is arranged on a rotating shaft in order to selectively couple the rotating shaft to a drive element of the drive train. The coupling assembly also comprises at least one actuating device for actuating the clutch. The actuating device is designed to selectively engage an engagement segment with a threaded segment rotating with the shaft in order to cause a relative movement of the engagement segment and the threaded segment along the axis of the rotating shaft and thereby actuate the clutch in an axial direction. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present application is to provide an improved gear shifting device for a drive train of a motor vehicle.

[0005] This object is achieved by the features of the independent claim. Further preferred embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims, the drawings and the associated description.

[0006] The object is therefore achieved by a shifting device for a drive train of a motor vehicle, the shifting device comprising: a housing in which a first drive shaft and a second drive shaft are rotatably mounted, wherein the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft are arranged coaxially relative to each other in such a way that the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft have a common axis of rotation; and a shiftable clutch device, which is arranged between the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft, wherein the clutch device has an open shift position in which the first drive shaft can rotate freely relative to the second drive shaft, and a closed shift position in which the first drive shaft is connected to the second drive shaft via the clutch device for common rotation, wherein a control element is provided which can be displaced in the direction of the axis of rotation of the drive shafts and which switches the clutch device to an open or closed shift position depending on its displacement position, wherein the control element is formed by a sliding sleeve which surrounds at least one of the two drive shafts, wherein a transmission element is arranged on the outer circumference of the sliding sleeve.

[0007] A particularly simple and cost-effective control element can be realized by means of a sliding sleeve, which, due to its stability, enables particularly advantageous actuation precision. The sleeve shape preferably extends from the transmission element all the way to the section of the actuating element which introduces the actuating force into the clutch device. The transmission element arranged on the outer circumference of the sliding sleeve can, for example, be arranged only on a partial section of the sliding sleeve or, alternatively, can also be arranged on the entire circumference of the sliding sleeve.

[0008] It is also advantageous if at least one bearing element is provided which enables a displacement movement of the control element in the direction of the axis of rotation of the drive shaft and prevents the control element from rotating about the axis of rotation. The bearing element can ensure that the control element can reliably switch the clutch device into an open shift position and a closed shift position. In addition, such a mounting reliably prevents the control element from rotating with the rotational movement of the drive shaft. Preferably, a plurality of bearing elements, for example exactly two bearing elements, are provided, which are arranged such that they support the control element at opposite points.

[0009] It is further proposed that the bearing element is formed by a pin which is mounted in a non-movable manner in the housing and engages in a receptacle of the control element. By configuring the bearing element as a pin, it can be manufactured in a particularly cost-effective manner. In order to achieve the desired mounting, the bearing element is preferably oriented in the direction of the axis of rotation. Thus, further bearing elements for preventing undesired movements can advantageously be omitted.

[0010] It is further proposed that the receiving portion for the control element is radially open to the outside. As a result, a simpler and more cost-effective structure of the control element can be achieved. In addition, it becomes easier to integrate the control element into the support element during assembly. The receiving portion is preferably designed so that the support element is surrounded by the fork-shaped extension of the control element. Due to the fork-shaped extension, the control element bears against the support element in the radial direction, so that the support element can be reliably prevented from rotating.

[0011] It is also proposed that the transmission element of the control element is formed by an external toothing. The external toothing allows for an easily accessible transmission element. The external toothing is preferably configured to engage with a pinion shaft. The external toothing is preferably designed similarly to an external toothing in the manner of a toothed rack. A rotation of the pinion shaft then causes the external toothing to advance, so that the control element is also moved in the direction of the axis of rotation.

[0012] It is further proposed that the clutch device is formed by a dog clutch, wherein each drive shaft is connected for common rotation with a dog clutch element. By displacing at least one of the dog clutch elements in the direction of the axis of rotation, the dog clutch can establish a rotationally fixed connection via an interlocking connection.

[0013] According to an advantageous embodiment, two undercuts are provided at the base between two claws of the dog clutch, the tangential extension of which corresponds to at least 10% of the tangential spacing between adjacent claws. For example, the tangential extension is at least 20%, further for example 30% of the tangential spacing. Due to the correspondingly large radius of the undercuts, the claws can be produced by milling, making simple and cost-effective production possible. The radius of the undercuts preferably corresponds to the radius of the milling machine used to produce the claws. The undercuts preferably have a constant radius and extend in the radial direction, i.e. are oriented perpendicular to the axis of rotation.

[0014] It is further proposed that the housing is made of two parts, wherein the first housing part has a cylindrical outer contour and the second housing part has a mounting flange with at least one fastening device, the outer radius of the mounting flange being greater than the outer radius of the cylindrical outer contour of the first housing part. This structure of the housing makes it possible to install the shift device in a space-saving manner. In the assembled state, the first housing part with the cylindrical outer contour can be inserted into a transmission housing, which is not part of the present application. The fastening device associated with the second housing part on the mounting flange can also be reliably and stably fastened to the transmission housing. Preferably, a plurality of fastening devices are provided, which are evenly arranged on the circumference of the fastening flange.

[0015] It is further proposed that the control element is mounted on a section of the drive shaft so that it can be displaced in the direction of the axis of rotation, wherein the second housing part has an access opening via which the control element can be actuated. By assigning the access opening to the second housing part, an advantageous functional separation of the housing can be achieved. The first housing part is designed to be space-saving so that it can protrude into the transmission housing in the assembled state. On the other hand, the second housing part assumes the fastening function on the transmission housing and creates conditions for being able to actuate the actuating element. Preferably, the access opening is arranged in the half of the second housing part facing the first housing part.

[0016] It is also proposed that the clutch device is arranged completely in the first housing part. This leads to an even more advantageous separation of functions, since it has been shown that the clutch device can be accommodated in the first housing part in a space-saving manner. In this case, the control element extends from the second housing part into the first housing part, so that the clutch device can still be controlled from the second housing part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings by means of preferred embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the shifting device is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 A perspective view of a shifting device is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A side view of the shifting device is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 A front view of a second housing portion of the shifting device with a control element and a support element is shown;

[0022] Figure 5 A perspective view of a dog clutch element is shown;

[0023] Figure 6 is a side view of a dog clutch element;

[0024] Figure 7 A detailed view of the dog clutch elements is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Figure 1 The shifting device 1 is shown having a first drive shaft 3 and a second drive shaft 4 , which can be connected to one another for common rotation via a clutch device 6 .

[0026] The second drive shaft 4 comprises two part shafts which are connected to each other for common rotation via a toothing 9. The second drive shaft 4 is mounted at one end in a receiving portion 25 of the first drive shaft 3 and opposite the housing 2 via a ball bearing 23. The first drive shaft 3 is mounted in the housing 2 via a ball bearing 24 and via an extension of the second drive shaft 4 which protrudes into the receiving portion 25 of the first drive shaft 3. The first drive shaft 3 and the second drive shaft 4 are oriented coaxially with each other and therefore rotate about a common axis of rotation 5.

[0027] One end of each of the first drive shaft 3 and the second drive shaft 4 protrudes from the housing 2. In the assembled state, the first drive shaft 3 can then be connected for common rotation, for example with a differential transmission, and the second drive shaft 4, for example with a drive wheel, or vice versa.

[0028] The clutch device 6 is arranged at the mutually facing ends of the first drive shaft 3 and the second drive shaft 4 and comprises a first dog clutch element 12 associated with the first drive shaft 3 and a second dog clutch element 13 associated with the second drive shaft 4. The clutch device 6 can be switched to an open shift position, in which the first drive shaft 3 and the second drive shaft 4 are not connected to each other for common rotation. In addition, the clutch device 6 can be switched to a closed shift position, in which the first drive shaft 3 and the second drive shaft 4 are connected for common rotation. The clutch device 6 is controlled by means of a control element 7, which is mounted on the second drive shaft 4 in an axially displaceable manner, i.e. in the direction of the axis of rotation 5. In this embodiment, the control element 7 is designed as a sliding sleeve, the sleeve shape extending from the transmission element 8 to the point where the control force is introduced into the clutch device 6.

[0029] The transmission element 8 has a toothing in the form of a toothed rack, so that the transmission element 8 can be displaced together with the control element 7 in the direction of the rotation axis 5. The transmission element 8 can be displaced, for example, via Figure 1 The pinion shaft (not shown) is driven so that the control element 7 is advanced in the direction of the rotation axis 5 as a result of the rotational movement of the pinion shaft.

[0030] The movement of the control element 7 is transmitted to the second dog clutch element 13 via the axial ball bearing 28. The axial ball bearing 28 ensures that at most a minimal torque is transmitted to the control element 7 due to any rotational movement of the second dog clutch element 13. Thus, the clutch device 6 can be switched into a closed or open shift position by means of the control device 7. By moving the control element 7 in the direction of the rotation axis 5 toward the first dog clutch element 12, the second dog clutch element 13 in the closed shift position can be connected interlockingly with the first dog clutch element 12. By moving the control element 7 in the opposite direction, the clutch device 6 can be switched into an open shift position, in which the dog clutch element 12 and the dog clutch element 13 do not engage with each other. The control element 7 also has an extension 26, which extends outwards in the radial direction and contacts the housing 2 in the open shift position so that the end position of the control element 7 is fixed.

[0031] Figure 2 A perspective view of a gearshift device 1 is shown, wherein the division of a housing 2 can be observed. The housing 2 has a mounting flange 20 with fastening means 21, via which the gearshift device 1 can be fastened to a transmission housing, which is not part of the present application. Preferably, a plurality of fastening means 21 are provided, so that a stable and reliable connection to the transmission housing is possible. The fastening means 21 are preferably formed by holes in the mounting flange 20, so that a simple fastening is possible, for example using bolts or screws.

[0032] The housing 2 is divided into a first housing part 17 and a second housing part 19. The first housing part 17 has a cylindrical outer contour 18, so that the first housing part 17 can be inserted into a likewise cylindrical receiving portion of the transmission housing and can be stored therein. In the installed state, the first housing part 17 protrudes so far into the transmission housing that the mounting flange 20 rests on the transmission housing. The second housing part 19 then comprises the part of the housing 2 having the mounting flange 20, which protrudes from the transmission housing.

[0033] Figure 3 The shifting device 1 is shown in a side view, from which it can be seen that the radial extension of the cylindrical outer contour 18 is smaller than the radial extension of the second housing part 19 with the mounting flange 20. The shifting device 1 can therefore be installed in a space-saving manner in the transmission housing. This space-saving design also results from the advantageous division, namely that the clutch device 6 is arranged in the first housing part 17 and the section of the control element 7 with the transmission element 8 is arranged in the second housing part 19; see also Figure 1 .

[0034] This is achieved, for example, via a pinion shaft (not shown) which is operatively connected to the transmission element 8 formed by the external toothing. In the mounted state, the pinion shaft is oriented perpendicularly to the rotation axis 5.

[0035] Figure 4 A front view of the second housing part 19 is shown. It can be observed that the mounting flange 20 has a planar contact surface which bears against the transmission housing in the mounted state. Figure 4 The mounting of the control element 7 in the second housing part 19 is shown. Two bearing elements 10 oriented parallel to the rotation axis 5 are provided for the displaceable mounting of the control element 7. The bearing element 10 is formed by a pin mounted in a non-movable manner in the housing 2. The control element 7 has two sections, each of which forms a receptacle 11 for the bearing element 10. The bearing element 10 is surrounded by the receptacle 11 in a fork-shaped manner so that the control element 7 is fixed in the radial direction and cannot be twisted. This is advantageous because, despite the axial ball bearing 25, a torque about the rotation axis 5 can also act on the control element 7 when the second dog clutch element 13 rotates. However, a movement of the control element 7 relative to the bearing element 8 in the direction of the rotation axis 5 is still possible. The receptacles 11 are each open radially outwards.

[0036] Figure 5 A perspective view of a second dog clutch element 13 is shown, wherein claws 15 and bases 14 arranged between the claws alternate, and an undercut 16 is provided in each case at the transition between base 14 and claw 15. Furthermore, the second dog clutch element 13 comprises an internal toothing 27, via which the second dog clutch element 13 is connected for common rotation with the second drive shaft 4.

[0037] Figure 6 A side view of the second dog clutch element 13 is shown, showing the design of the undercut 16 more clearly.

[0038] A detailed view of the undercut 16 can be seen in Figure 7 . In this case, b corresponds to the tangential spacing between two adjacent claws 15. The tangential extension of the undercut 16 is marked with a and corresponds to at least 10% of the tangential spacing between the claws 15. The claws 15 or the base 14 can thus be manufactured in a simple manner using a milling process. Since milling machines with a constant radius are advantageously used for production, the tangential extension a of the undercut 16 in the radial direction also remains constant. Since the tangential extension b of the base 14 decreases radially inwards, i.e. in the direction of the axis of rotation 5 (see also Figure 5), so the tangential extension c of the flat surface of the base 14 also decreases radially inwardly.

[0039] The design of the second dog clutch element 13 of the base 14 , in particular the claw 15 and the undercut 16 and the inner toothing 27 , can naturally also be transferred to the first dog clutch element 12 in a corresponding manner.

[0040] Description of Reference Numerals

[0041] 1 Gear shifter

[0042] 2 Housing

[0043] 3 First drive shaft

[0044] 4 Second drive shaft

[0045] 5 Axis of rotation

[0046] 6 Clutch device

[0047] 7 Control elements

[0048] 8 Transmission elements

[0049] 9 Teeth

[0050] 10 Supporting elements

[0051] 11 Receptacle for (control element)

[0052] 12 First dog clutch element

[0053] 13 Second dog clutch element

[0054] 14 Base (between claws)

[0055] 15 Claw

[0056] 16 Undercut

[0057] 17 First housing part

[0058] 18 cylindrical outer contour

[0059] 19 Second housing part

[0060] 20 Mounting flange

[0061] 21 Fastening device

[0062] 22 Enter the opening

[0063] 23 Ball bearings

[0064] 24 Ball bearings

[0065] 25 Reception Department

[0066] 26 Extension

[0067] 27 Internal teeth

[0068] 28 Axial ball bearing

[0069] a Tangential extension (of the undercut)

[0070] b Tangential extension (of the base)

[0071] c Tangential extension (of the flat surface of the base).

Claims

1. A gear shifting device (1) for a transmission system of a motor vehicle, the gear shifting device comprising - a housing (2) in which the first drive shaft (3) and the second drive shaft (4) are rotatably mounted, wherein: The first drive shaft (3) and the second drive shaft (4) are arranged coaxially relative to each other such that the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft have a common axis of rotation (5), and - a shiftable clutch device (6), which is arranged between the first drive shaft (3) and the second drive shaft (4), wherein - the clutch device (6) has an open shift position in which the first drive shaft (3) is freely rotatable relative to the second drive shaft (4), and The clutch device (6) has a closed shift position in which the first drive shaft (3) and the second drive shaft (4) are connected via the clutch device (6) for common rotation, wherein - a control element (7) is provided which can be displaced in the direction of the rotation axis (5) of the drive shaft and which switches the clutch device (6) to the open shift position or the closed shift position depending on the displacement position of the control element, wherein - the control element (7) is formed by a sliding sleeve which surrounds at least one of the two drive shafts, wherein a transmission element (8) is arranged on the outer circumference of the sliding sleeve, It is characterized in that - the housing (2) has a mounting flange (20) with a fastening device (21), and the shifting device (1) can be fastened to the transmission housing via the mounting flange; At least one bearing element (10) is provided, which enables the control element (7) to perform a displacement movement in the direction of the rotation axis (5) of the drive shaft and prevents the control element (7) from rotating around the rotation axis (5); the bearing element (10) is formed by a pin which is mounted in the housing (2) in an immovable manner and engages in a receiving portion (11) of the control element (7); the receiving portion (11) for the control element (7) is radially open to the outside.

2. The shifting device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that - The transmission element (8) of the control element (7) is formed by an external toothing.

3. The shifting device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that The clutch device (6) is formed by a dog clutch, wherein each drive shaft (3, 4) is connected for common rotation with a dog clutch element (12, 13).

4. The shifting device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two undercuts (16) are provided on the base (14) between two claws (15) of the claw clutch, the tangential extension (a) of the undercuts corresponding to at least 10% of the tangential spacing (b) between adjacent claws (15).

5. The gear shifting device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that - the housing (2) is made of two parts, wherein the first housing part (17) has a cylindrical outer contour (18), and - a second housing part (19) having a mounting flange (20) with at least one fastening device (21), the mounting flange (20) having an outer radius that is greater than the outer radius of the cylindrical outer contour (18) of the first housing part (17).

6. The gear shifting device (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that - In the second housing part (19), the control element (7) is mounted on a section of the drive shaft (4) such that it can be displaced in the direction of the rotation axis (5), wherein the second housing part (19) has an access opening (22) via which the control element (7) can be actuated.

7. The shifting device (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that The clutch device (6) is arranged completely in the first housing part (17).

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