A curb type undercut bridge area pavement passenger water flow monitoring method

Abstract

The present application relates to rainwater guest water flow monitoring technical field, specifically disclose a kind of curb formula recessed bridge area pavement guest water flow monitoring method, comprising: obtaining the water height of recessed bridge area monitoring point;According to the water height of recessed bridge area monitoring point, the area of the water cross section where recessed bridge area monitoring point is located is calculated;The current flow velocity of the water cross section where recessed bridge area monitoring point is located is obtained;According to the area and current flow velocity of the water cross section where recessed bridge area monitoring point is located, the current guest water flow of recessed bridge area monitoring point is calculated;The current guest water flow of recessed bridge area monitoring point is output.The curb formula recessed bridge area pavement guest water flow monitoring method provided by the present application can detect more complex road conditions water volume, and the calculation parameters are relatively easy to obtain, and the calculation method is relatively simple, so as to improve the calculation speed and accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rainwater runoff monitoring technology, and in particular to a method for monitoring runoff flow in road surface areas of curb-type sunken bridges. Background Technology

[0002] With drastic changes in surface hydrological characteristics and an increase in extreme rainfall events, the risk of urban flooding in my country has intensified. Underpasses, typically located at the lowest points in a region, are particularly prone to traffic disruptions and loss of life and property. The phenomenon of rainwater runoff from outside the catchment area of ​​an underpass entering the lower-lying area is called "external water inflow." The "Outdoor Drainage Design Standard" (GB 50014-2021) stipulates that "grade-separated roads should adopt a system of high-water-high-drainage and low-water-low-drainage, with no interconnections between them, and measures should be taken to close the catchment area to prevent external water inflow." However, with the increasing prevalence of excessive rainfall, external water inflow into underpasses occurs frequently. When external water inflow occurs, it means that the drainage system in the higher-lying area has become uncontrollable. External water several times, or even dozens of times, the drainage capacity of the lower-lying area can flood an underpass in a very short time. For example, in 2021, it only took 20 minutes for external water to flood an underpass in Beijing, reaching a depth of two meters. Monitoring at the lowest point cannot meet the time-sensitive needs of emergency management.

[0003] Key elements of flow rate include the cross-sectional area and velocity of the water accumulation, while the key element of the cross-sectional area is the water depth. Commercially available water depth testing primarily measures the depth of water accumulation on a horizontal plane. Due to the cross slope characteristics of roads under bridges, water often accumulates near the curbs on one or both sides and is difficult to drain naturally. Therefore, water accumulation points on urban roads are often concentrated on both sides of the road, close to the curbs. Detecting water depth using horizontal plane methods is relatively inaccurate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the defects and deficiencies in the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the water flow of road surface in the recessed area of ​​curb-type bridges, so as to solve the problem that the accuracy of water depth detection by planar detection method in the existing technology is poor.

[0005] As a first aspect of the present invention, a method for monitoring road surface water flow in a curb-type recessed bridge area is provided, comprising:

[0006] Step S1: Obtain the water accumulation height at the monitoring points in the recessed bridge area;

[0007] Step S2: Calculate the area of ​​the transverse cross section where the monitoring point of the sunken bridge area is located based on the water accumulation height at the monitoring point of the sunken bridge area;

[0008] Step S3: Obtain the current flow velocity at the cross section of the water passage where the monitoring point in the concave bridge area is located;

[0009] Step S4: Calculate the current passenger water flow rate at the monitoring point in the depression bridge area based on the area of ​​the cross-section of the water passage where the monitoring point is located and the current flow velocity;

[0010] Step S5: Output the current passenger water flow rate at the monitoring point in the concave bridge area.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0012] The water accumulation height at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area and the current flow velocity of the cross section of the water passage where the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area is located are obtained by the passenger water flow monitoring device, wherein the passenger water flow monitoring device is placed at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0014] Determine the location of the passenger water flow monitoring device in the longitudinal slope direction of the road surface in the sunken bridge area, and determine the location of the passenger water flow monitoring device in the transverse slope direction of the road surface in the sunken bridge area.

[0015] Furthermore, the determination of the location of the passenger water flow monitoring device in the longitudinal slope direction of the road surface in the sunken bridge area also includes:

[0016] For a camel-hump-shaped depression bridge area with a watershed, the longitudinal slope of the road surface in the depression bridge area is a symmetrical wave shape. The high point of the wave shape of the longitudinal slope is the watershed position. Then, the passenger water flow monitoring device is placed on each side of the depression bridge at each watershed.

[0017] For sunken bridge areas without a watershed, where the road surface longitudinal slope is high on one side and low on the other, the passenger water flow monitoring device is placed on the sunken bridge side of the road surface longitudinal slope catchment zone.

[0018] Furthermore, the determination of the location of the passenger water flow monitoring device in the cross slope direction of the road surface in the sunken bridge area also includes:

[0019] If the road surface cross slope of the sunken bridge area is a parabola with a high middle and low sides, and the road sections are symmetrically distributed with respect to the vertical line of the center point of the road surface cross slope, and the waterlogged road sections are symmetrically distributed with respect to the vertical line of the center point of the road surface cross slope, then the aforementioned passenger water flow monitoring device shall be placed at the lowest point of the curb on both sides of the road surface cross slope.

[0020] If the cross slope of the road surface in the sunken bridge area is a straight line with one side higher than the other, then the passenger water flow monitoring device only needs to be placed at the lowest point of the road surface cross slope at the curb.

[0021] Furthermore, the step of calculating the area of ​​the transverse cross-section of the water passage where the monitoring point of the sunken bridge area is located based on the water accumulation height of the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area also includes:

[0022] Establish a formula for the relationship curve between the water accumulation height at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area and the cross-sectional area of ​​the water passage where the monitoring point is located;

[0023] If the cross slope of the road surface in the sunken bridge area is a parabola with a high center and low sides, then the cross-sectional area S of the water passage at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area is... a The relationship curve between the water accumulation height h at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area and the water accumulation height h is given by equation (1):

[0024]

[0025] If the cross slope of the road surface in the sunken bridge area is a straight line with one side higher than the other, then the cross-sectional area S of the water passage at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area is... b The relationship curve between the water accumulation height h at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area and the water accumulation height h is given by equation (2):

[0026]

[0027] Where m is the lateral distance of the road surface, which is the horizontal distance from the lowest point of the road surface cross slope to the highest point of the road surface cross slope; b is the vertical elevation of the road surface cross slope, which is the vertical distance from the highest point of the road surface cross slope to the lowest point of the road surface cross slope; h is the water accumulation height.

[0028] Substitute the water accumulation height h of the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area obtained in real time into the corresponding relationship curve formula in equations (1) and (2) to calculate the area of ​​the transverse cross section of the water passage where the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area is located.

[0029] Furthermore, the derivation process of the formula for the relationship curve between the cross-sectional area of ​​the water passage at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area and the water accumulation height h at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area is as follows:

[0030] (1) For a parabolic road surface with a high middle section and low sides, there are two scenarios for water accumulation:

[0031] The coordinate system oxy is constructed by setting the intersection of the vertical line of the center point of the road cross slope and the horizontal line of the lowest point of the road on both sides as the origin O, the horizontal line of the lowest point A of the road on both sides as the x-axis, and the vertical line of the center point of the road cross slope as the y-axis.

[0032] Flooding scenario a1: The water level h does not exceed the road surface's cross slope and vertical elevation b;

[0033] Scenario a2: The water level h exceeds the road surface's cross slope and vertical elevation b;

[0034] (2) For a straight road surface with a slope that is higher on one side and lower on the other, there are also two scenarios of water accumulation:

[0035] The coordinate system oxy is constructed by setting the intersection of the vertical line of the highest point of the road cross slope and the horizontal line of the lowest point of the road as the origin O, the horizontal line of the lowest point A of the road cross slope as the x-axis, and the vertical line of the center point of the road cross slope as the y-axis.

[0036] Flooding scenario b1: The water level h does not exceed the vertical elevation b of the road surface's cross slope;

[0037] Scenario b2: The water level h exceeds the vertical elevation b of the road surface's cross slope;

[0038] The specific derivation process of formulas (1) and (2) is as follows:

[0039] The first step is to determine the mathematical equation for the cross slope of the road surface:

[0040] Parabolic shape:

[0041] Straight line:

[0042] The second step is to determine the water width d based on the water height h at the monitoring point, which is the length of the straight line GF located between the vertical lines AG and BF. The formulas for the water width d are Equations (5) and (6) respectively:

[0043] Parabolic shape:

[0044] Straight line:

[0045] The third step is to establish a curve formula relating the transverse cross-sectional area S of the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area to the water accumulation height h at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area:

[0046] Parabolic shape:

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] Straight line:

[0050]

[0051] Wherein, point D is the highest point of the road cross slope; CD is the distance from the highest point of the road cross slope to the water level line; AG is the distance from the lowest point of the road cross slope to the water level line, represented by the water accumulation height h; F is the intersection of the water level line and the road cross slope; G is the intersection of the y-axis parallel line drawn from the lowest point A of the road cross slope and the water level line; GF is the width of the water accumulation, represented by d.

[0052] Furthermore, the passenger water flow monitoring device includes a level gauge and a flow meter. The level gauge is used to obtain the water accumulation height at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area, and the flow meter is used to obtain the current flow velocity of the cross section of the water passage where the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area is located.

[0053] Furthermore, the current passenger water flow Q at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area 客水 =S×V, where S is the area of ​​the cross-section of the water passage where the monitoring point of the concave bridge area is located, and V is the current flow velocity of the cross-section of the water passage where the monitoring point of the concave bridge area is located.

[0054] Furthermore, the step of outputting the current passenger water flow at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area also includes:

[0055] The current passenger water flow at the monitoring points in the sunken bridge area is uploaded to the monitoring center, and data for flood simulation and drainage scheduling optimization decision-making in the sunken bridge area is generated for use by the emergency response department.

[0056] The method for monitoring passenger water flow in the road surface of a curb-type sunken bridge area provided by this invention has the following advantages: it can detect water accumulation in more complex road conditions, and the calculation parameters are relatively easy to obtain and the calculation method is relatively simple, thereby improving the calculation speed and accuracy; it solves the problems of poor manual measurement and monitoring capabilities and timeliness, and provides a scientific method for addressing the problem of not being able to timely and accurately grasp the impact of passenger water inflow on the water accumulation status of sunken bridges and the optimal scheduling of drainage facilities. Attached Figure Description

[0057] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0058] Figure 1 A flowchart of the method for monitoring road surface water flow in a curb-type recessed bridge area provided by the present invention.

[0059] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation location of the water flow monitoring device for the road surface in the sunken bridge area with a watershed, as provided by the present invention.

[0060] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation location of the water flow monitoring device for the road surface in the depression area without a watershed, provided by the present invention.

[0061] Figure 4-1 , 4-2 These are schematic diagrams of water accumulation scenarios on the parabolic road surface cross slope in the concave bridge area provided by the present invention.

[0062] Figure 5-1 , 5-2 These are schematic diagrams of water accumulation scenarios on the cross slope of a straight road surface in a concave bridge area, provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0063] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0064] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of the invention described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0066] This invention is based on two assumptions. The first is that the water accumulation at the monitoring points all originates from high-altitude areas, and the influence of precipitation within the area is negligible. The second is that the water flow velocity is consistent across the transverse cross-section of the watercourse where the monitoring points are located. Therefore, this invention uses the water flow velocity at the monitoring points as a representative value.

[0067] This embodiment provides a method for monitoring road surface water flow in a curb-type recessed bridge area. Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the method for monitoring road surface water flow in a curb-type recessed bridge area provided by this invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method for monitoring the flow of passenger water on the road surface in the curb-type sunken bridge area includes:

[0068] Step S1: Obtain the water accumulation height at the monitoring points in the recessed bridge area;

[0069] Step S2: Calculate the area of ​​the transverse cross section where the monitoring point of the sunken bridge area is located based on the water accumulation height at the monitoring point of the sunken bridge area;

[0070] Step S3: Obtain the current flow velocity at the cross section of the water passage where the monitoring point in the concave bridge area is located;

[0071] Step S4: Calculate the current passenger water flow rate at the monitoring point of the sunken bridge area based on the area of ​​the cross-section of the water passage and the current flow velocity, and store the current passenger water flow rate.

[0072] Step S5: Output the current passenger water flow rate at the monitoring point in the concave bridge area.

[0073] Preferably, it further includes:

[0074] The water accumulation height at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area and the current flow velocity of the cross section of the water passage where the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area is located are obtained by the passenger water flow monitoring device, wherein the passenger water flow monitoring device is placed at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area.

[0075] Preferably, the location of the monitoring point in the concave bridge area is set, and the specific method is as follows:

[0076] Determine the location of the passenger water flow monitoring device in the longitudinal slope direction of the road surface in the sunken bridge area, and determine the location of the passenger water flow monitoring device in the transverse slope direction of the road surface in the sunken bridge area.

[0077] Preferably, determining the location of the passenger water flow monitoring device along the longitudinal slope of the road surface in the sunken bridge area further includes:

[0078] like Figure 2 As shown, for a camel-hump-shaped concave bridge area with a watershed, the longitudinal slope of the road surface in the concave bridge area is a symmetrical wave shape, and the high point of the wave shape is the location of the watershed, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 In the hump section, the passenger water flow monitoring device is placed on the side of the concave bridge under each watershed;

[0079] like Figure 3 As shown, for a sunken bridge area without a watershed, the road surface longitudinal slope of the sunken bridge area is high on one side and low on the other. Therefore, the passenger water flow monitoring device is placed on the sunken bridge side of the road surface longitudinal slope water catchment zone.

[0080] Preferably, determining the location of the passenger water flow monitoring device in the cross slope direction of the road surface in the sunken bridge area further includes:

[0081] like Figure 4-1 , 4-2 As shown, if the road surface cross slope of the sunken bridge area is a parabola with a high middle and low sides, and the road sections are symmetrically distributed with respect to the vertical line of the center point of the road surface cross slope, and the waterlogged road sections are symmetrically distributed with respect to the vertical line of the center point of the road surface cross slope, then the aforementioned water flow monitoring device shall be placed at the lowest point of the curb on both sides of the road surface cross slope.

[0082] like Figure 5-1 , 5-2As shown, if the road surface cross slope of the sunken bridge area is a straight line with one side higher than the other, then the passenger water flow monitoring device only needs to be placed at the lowest point of the road surface cross slope at the curb.

[0083] Preferably, the step of calculating the area of ​​the transverse cross-section of the water passage where the monitoring point of the sunken bridge area is located based on the water accumulation height of the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area further includes:

[0084] Establish a formula for the relationship curve between the water accumulation height at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area and the cross-sectional area of ​​the water passage where the monitoring point is located;

[0085] If the cross slope of the road surface in the recessed bridge area is a parabola that is high in the middle and low on both sides, the cross slope of the road surface is as follows: Figure 4-1 , 4-2 As shown, the cross-sectional area S of the water passage at the monitoring point in the concave bridge area is... a The relationship curve between the water accumulation height h at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area and the water accumulation height h is given by equation (1):

[0086]

[0087] If the cross slope of the road surface in the sunken bridge area is a straight line with one side higher than the other, the cross slope of the road surface is as follows: Figure 5-1 , 5-2 As shown, the cross-sectional area S of the water passage at the monitoring point in the concave bridge area is... b The relationship curve between the water accumulation height h at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area and the water accumulation height h is given by equation (2):

[0088]

[0089] Where m is the lateral distance of the road surface, which is the horizontal distance from the lowest point of the road surface cross slope to the highest point of the road surface cross slope; b is the vertical elevation of the road surface cross slope, which is the vertical distance from the highest point of the road surface cross slope to the lowest point of the road surface cross slope; both m and b can be obtained through on-site surveys or road and bridge design data; h is the water accumulation height.

[0090] Substitute the water accumulation height h of the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area obtained in real time into the corresponding relationship curve formula in equations (1) and (2) to calculate the area of ​​the transverse cross section of the water passage where the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area is located.

[0091] Preferably, the derivation process of the formula for the relationship curve between the cross-sectional area of ​​the water passage at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area and the water accumulation height h at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area is as follows:

[0092] (1) As Figure 4-1 , 4-2 As shown, for a parabolic road surface with a high middle section and low sides, there are two scenarios for water accumulation:

[0093] The coordinate system oxy is constructed by setting the intersection of the vertical line of the center point of the road cross slope and the horizontal line of the lowest point of the road on both sides as the origin O, the horizontal line of the lowest point A of the road on both sides as the x-axis, and the vertical line of the center point of the road cross slope as the y-axis.

[0094] Scenario a1: The water level h does not exceed the vertical elevation b(h) of the road surface's cross slope. <b);

[0095] Flooding scenario a2: The water level h exceeds the road surface's cross slope and vertical elevation b (h ≥ b);

[0096] (2) Figure 5-1 , 5-2 As shown, for a straight road surface with a higher slope on one side and a lower slope on the other, there are also two scenarios of water accumulation:

[0097] The coordinate system oxy is constructed by setting the intersection of the vertical line of the highest point of the road cross slope and the horizontal line of the lowest point of the road as the origin O, the horizontal line of the lowest point A of the road cross slope as the x-axis, and the vertical line of the center point of the road cross slope as the y-axis.

[0098] Scenario b1: The water level h does not exceed the vertical elevation b(h) of the road surface's cross slope. <b);

[0099] Scenario b2: The water level h exceeds the vertical elevation b of the road surface (h ≥ b);

[0100] The specific derivation process of formulas (1) and (2) is as follows:

[0101] The first step is to determine the mathematical equation for the cross slope of the road surface:

[0102] Parabolic shape:

[0103] Straight line:

[0104] The second step is to determine the water width d based on the water height h at the monitoring point, which is the length of the straight line GF located between the vertical lines AG and BF. The formulas for the water width d are Equations (5) and (6) respectively:

[0105] Parabolic shape:

[0106] Straight line:

[0107] The third step is to establish a curve formula relating the transverse cross-sectional area S of the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area to the water accumulation height h at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area:

[0108] Parabolic shape:

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] Straight line:

[0112]

[0113] In the diagram, point D is the highest point of the road cross slope; CD is the distance from the highest point of the road cross slope to the water level; AG is the distance from the lowest point of the road cross slope to the water level, represented by the water height h; F is the intersection of the water level and the road cross slope; G is the intersection of the y-axis parallel line drawn from the lowest point A of the road cross slope and the water level; GF is the width of the water accumulation, represented by d.

[0114] Preferably, the passenger water flow monitoring device includes a level gauge and a flow meter. The level gauge is used to obtain the water accumulation height at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area, and the flow meter is used to obtain the current flow velocity of the cross section of the water passage where the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area is located.

[0115] Preferably, the current passenger water flow Q at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area 客水 =S×V, where S is the area of ​​the cross-section of the water passage where the monitoring point of the concave bridge area is located, and V is the current flow velocity of the cross-section of the water passage where the monitoring point of the concave bridge area is located.

[0116] Preferably, the step of outputting the current passenger water flow at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area further includes:

[0117] The current passenger water flow at the monitoring points in the sunken bridge area is uploaded to the monitoring center, generating data for emergency response departments to simulate water accumulation in the sunken bridge area and to optimize drainage scheduling decisions. Based on the real-time passenger water flow data and relevant software analysis, the monitoring center can perform real-time visual monitoring of the site situation, enabling unattended operation and manned management of the system. Simultaneously, it can provide optimized data for the water accumulation status of the sunken bridge and the operation and scheduling of drainage facilities.

[0118] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring road surface water flow in a curb-type recessed bridge area, characterized in that, The method for monitoring road surface water flow in the curb-type recessed bridge area includes: Step S1: Obtain the water accumulation height at the monitoring points in the recessed bridge area; Step S2: Calculate the area of ​​the transverse cross section where the monitoring point of the sunken bridge area is located based on the water accumulation height at the monitoring point of the sunken bridge area; Step S3: Obtain the current flow velocity at the cross section of the water passage where the monitoring point in the concave bridge area is located; Step S4: Calculate the current passenger water flow rate at the monitoring point in the depression bridge area based on the area of ​​the cross-section of the water passage where the monitoring point is located and the current flow velocity; Step S5: Output the current water flow rate at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area; This also includes: The water accumulation height at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area and the current flow velocity of the cross section of the water passage where the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area is located are obtained by the passenger water flow monitoring device, wherein the passenger water flow monitoring device is placed at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area. This also includes: Determine the location of the passenger water flow monitoring device in the longitudinal slope direction of the road surface in the sunken bridge area, and determine the location of the passenger water flow monitoring device in the transverse slope direction of the road surface in the sunken bridge area; The determination of the location of the passenger water flow monitoring device in the longitudinal slope direction of the road surface in the sunken bridge area further includes: For a camel-hump-shaped depression bridge area with a watershed, the longitudinal slope of the road surface in the depression bridge area is a symmetrical wave shape. The high point of the wave shape of the longitudinal slope is the watershed position. Then, the passenger water flow monitoring device is placed on each side of the depression bridge at each watershed. For sunken bridge areas without watersheds, where the road surface longitudinal slope is high on one side and low on the other, the passenger water flow monitoring device is placed on the sunken bridge side of the road surface longitudinal slope catchment zone. The determination of the location of the passenger water flow monitoring device in the cross slope direction of the road surface in the sunken bridge area further includes: If the road surface cross slope of the sunken bridge area is a parabola with a high middle and low sides, and the road sections are symmetrically distributed with respect to the vertical line of the center point of the road surface cross slope, and the waterlogged road sections are symmetrically distributed with respect to the vertical line of the center point of the road surface cross slope, then the aforementioned passenger water flow monitoring device shall be placed at the lowest point of the curb on both sides of the road surface cross slope. If the cross slope of the road surface in the sunken bridge area is a straight line with one side higher than the other, then the passenger water flow monitoring device only needs to be placed at the lowest point of the road surface cross slope at the curb. The step of calculating the area of ​​the transverse cross-section of the water passage at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area based on the water accumulation height at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area further includes: Establish a formula for the relationship curve between the water accumulation height at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area and the cross-sectional area of ​​the water passage where the monitoring point is located; If the cross slope of the road surface in the sunken bridge area is a parabola with a high center and low sides, then the cross-sectional area of ​​the water passage at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area is... The water accumulation height at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area The formula for the relationship curve is Equation (1): （1）； If the cross slope of the road surface in the sunken bridge area is a straight line with one side higher than the other, then the cross-sectional area of ​​the water passage at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area is... The water accumulation height at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area The formula for the relationship curve is Equation (2): （2）； Where m is the lateral distance of the road surface, which is the horizontal distance from the lowest point of the road surface cross slope to the highest point of the road surface cross slope; b is the vertical elevation of the road surface cross slope, which is the vertical distance from the highest point of the road surface cross slope to the lowest point of the road surface cross slope; h is the water accumulation height. Substitute the water accumulation height h of the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area obtained in real time into the corresponding relationship curve formula in formulas (1) and (2) to calculate the area of ​​the transverse cross section of the water passage where the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area is located.

2. The method for monitoring road surface water flow in the recessed area of ​​a curb-type bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the water passage at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area and the water accumulation height at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area are related. The derivation of the formula for the relationship curve is as follows: (1) For a parabolic road surface with a high middle section and low sides, there are two scenarios for water accumulation: The coordinate system oxy is constructed by setting the intersection of the vertical line of the center point of the road cross slope and the horizontal line of the lowest point of the road on both sides as the origin O, the horizontal line of the lowest point A of the road on both sides as the x-axis, and the vertical line of the center point of the road cross slope as the y-axis. Flooding scenario a1: The water level h does not exceed the road surface's cross slope and vertical elevation b; Scenario a2: The water level h exceeds the road surface's cross slope and vertical elevation b; (2) For a straight road surface with a slope that is higher on one side and lower on the other, there are also two scenarios of water accumulation: The coordinate system oxy is constructed by setting the intersection of the vertical line of the highest point of the road cross slope and the horizontal line of the lowest point of the road as the origin O, the horizontal line of the lowest point A of the road cross slope as the x-axis, and the vertical line of the center point of the road cross slope as the y-axis. Flooding scenario b1: The water level h does not exceed the vertical elevation b of the road surface's cross slope; Scenario b2: The water level h exceeds the vertical elevation b of the road surface's cross slope; The specific derivation process of formulas (1) and (2) is as follows: The first step is to determine the mathematical equation for the cross slope of the road surface: （3）； （4）； The second step is to determine the water accumulation width d based on the water accumulation height h at the monitoring point, which is the length of the straight line GF located between the vertical lines AG and BF. The formulas for the water accumulation width d are Equation (5) and Equation (6) respectively: （5）； （6）； The third step is to establish the cross-sectional area S of the water passage at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area and the water accumulation height at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area. Relationship curve formula: （7）， （8）； （9）； （10）； Wherein, point D is the highest point of the road cross slope; CD is the distance from the highest point of the road cross slope to the water level line; AG is the distance from the lowest point of the road cross slope to the water level line, represented by the water accumulation height h; F is the intersection of the water level line and the road cross slope; G is the intersection of the y-axis parallel line drawn from the lowest point A of the road cross slope and the water level line; GF is the width of the water accumulation, represented by d.

3. The method for monitoring road surface water flow in the recessed area of ​​a curb-type bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The passenger water flow monitoring device includes a level gauge and a flow meter. The level gauge is used to obtain the water accumulation height at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area, and the flow meter is used to obtain the current flow velocity of the cross section of the water passage where the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area is located.

4. The method for monitoring road surface water flow in the recessed area of ​​a curb-type bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current water flow at the monitoring point in the sunken bridge area ,in, The area of ​​the transverse cross section of the water passage where the monitoring point in the concave bridge area is located. The current flow velocity is the cross-sectional velocity of the water passage where the monitoring point in the concave bridge area is located.

5. The method for monitoring road surface water flow in the recessed area of ​​a curb-type bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of outputting the current passenger water flow at the monitoring point in the recessed bridge area also includes: The current passenger water flow at the monitoring points in the sunken bridge area is uploaded to the monitoring center, and data for flood simulation and drainage scheduling optimization decision-making in the sunken bridge area is generated for use by the emergency response department.

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