A moving mirror system of a michelson interferometer based on magnetic levitation positioning technology

Abstract

The application discloses a moving mirror system of a Michelson interferometer based on magnetic suspension positioning technology, which comprises a moving mirror main body and three electromagnet groups. The moving mirror main body comprises a lens base, a metal mirror, connecting rods and magnetic pole balls. The number of the connecting rods is three, and the three connecting rods are arranged on the side edges of the lens base. The number of the magnetic pole balls is three, and the three magnetic pole balls are arranged on the other ends of the three connecting rods respectively. The electromagnet group comprises an electromagnet support, coils and magnetic pole heads. The electromagnet support is composed of three wedge-shaped bodies. The number of the coils is three, and the three coils are fixed on the three wedge-shaped bodies by electromagnet bolts respectively. The application has the advantages of no abrasion, simple realization, easy control and easy manufacturing. Meanwhile, the precision is not lost due to the increase of the use frequency and use time. Since only electromagnets are adopted as the core parts, the machining and manufacturing are very simple and easy, and the technical threshold of production design and manufacturing is lowered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a high-precision spatial positioning optical mirror. It is designed for use as a moving mirror in a Michelson interferometer. It belongs to the category of precision optical instruments. Michelson interferometers using this invention can be used in spectrometers, teaching experimental instruments, and other optical instruments. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are two main types of moving mirror systems in commercially available Michelson interferometers. One type is a mechanical moving mirror system implemented with a precision lead screw and a precision nut. This type of mechanical moving mirror system is limited by machining precision and processing technology, making the manufacturing of its mechanical parts difficult and increasing manufacturing costs. Moreover, since the mechanical parts are made of metal, over time, or due to inadequate maintenance, oxidation, rust, dimensional changes, and mechanical wear will occur, affecting the accuracy of the interferometer. At the same time, because metal materials have a certain coefficient of thermal expansion, changes in external ambient temperature will also cause errors in the measurement system that are difficult to eliminate. Therefore, the mechanical moving mirror system is subject to various interferences from ambient temperature, ambient humidity, processing conditions, and processing materials, leading to a series of combined influencing factors that affect the instrument's measurement errors. Therefore, due to these various shortcomings, this type of mechanical moving mirror system is currently only used in some teaching demonstration instruments and is not used in actual scientific research and medical equipment.

[0003] Currently, most Michelson interferometers used in scientific research instruments or medical equipment employ air bearing technology in their moving mirror systems. This technology demands extremely high requirements for the bearing materials and grinding precision. Therefore, air bearings offer higher precision and eliminate mechanical contact. Typically, an air spindle can achieve an axial rotational accuracy of less than 0.1 μm. Since there is no mechanical contact between the rotor and the static support, no wear occurs. However, air bearings require an absolutely clean environment. Otherwise, all precision will be compromised. Michelson interferometers using air bearings typically have a relatively sealed cleanroom, providing an absolutely dust-free environment. This presents significant challenges to the maintenance of such equipment, often requiring complete assembly replacement. Furthermore, the production environment is extremely demanding, necessitating an absolutely dust-free workshop for air bearing production. Otherwise, the precision of the air bearings cannot be guaranteed.

[0004] In summary, manufacturing a moving mirror system for a Michelson interferometer, regardless of the existing technology used, requires equipment and processes with sufficient precision. It also places strict requirements on the manufacturing environment. Furthermore, the quality of the manufactured moving mirror system is affected by the frequency and duration of use. Therefore, the technical threshold for manufacturing moving mirror systems is relatively high, and it requires significant upfront investment in facilities and equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention utilizes magnetic levitation technology to precisely position and control a moving mirror using a metal mirror and three sets of three electromagnets (a total of nine electromagnets). This achieves precise positioning control of the moving mirror through electromagnetic force. Consequently, the moving mirror system of the Michelson interferometer no longer requires any precision machining or air bearing technology; the magnitude of the current signal can be converted into the magnitude of the magnetic field in the electromagnets, thereby controlling the position of the metal moving mirror in space. This invention lowers the technological barrier to manufacturing Michelson interferometers and provides a completely new technical solution for the moving mirror system of Michelson interferometers.

[0006] The technical solution provided by this invention is: a moving mirror system for a Michelson interferometer based on magnetic levitation positioning technology, comprising a moving mirror body and three electromagnet groups. The moving mirror body includes a lens base, a metal reflector, connecting rods, and magnetic pole balls. The metal reflector is fixedly mounted on the front of the lens base. There are three connecting rods, which are distributed on the side of the lens base with an included angle of 120° between adjacent connecting rods. There are three magnetic pole balls, each located at the other end of one of the three connecting rods. The electromagnet groups include an electromagnet support, coils, and magnetic pole heads. The electromagnet support is composed of three wedges. There are three coils, each fixedly mounted on one of the three wedges by electromagnet bolts. There are three magnetic pole heads, each fixedly mounted at the other end of one of the three coils.

[0007] Furthermore, the number of electromagnet groups is three, and each group is arranged with three magnetic pole balls.

[0008] Furthermore, the electromagnet bracket has a mounting hole at its center.

[0009] Furthermore, one of the coils and one of the magnetic pole heads constitute an electromagnet, each electromagnet group contains three electromagnets, and each magnetic pole ball is attracted by the three electromagnets. The attraction of the three electromagnets consists of three forces that are spatially offset by 120°.

[0010] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: This invention uses a metal mirror as the moving mirror of the Michelson interferometer. The moving mirror floats in space using electromagnetic means, simultaneously controlling its spatial position—a magnetic levitation technology. It employs three groups of electromagnets, each with three electromagnets, totaling nine electromagnets. Current controls the magnetic field, which in turn controls the spatial position of the moving mirror. Using this invention's moving mirror system in the Michelson interferometer eliminates limitations on measurement accuracy due to machining processes or material constraints. Furthermore, precise control of the moving mirror's position is achieved simply by adjusting the current flowing through the electromagnets. This invention offers advantages such as wear-free operation, simplicity of implementation, ease of control, and ease of manufacturing. It also avoids accuracy loss due to increased usage frequency and duration. Since its core component uses only electromagnets, manufacturing is extremely simple and easy, lowering the technical barriers to production design and manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main view structure of the moving mirror system of a Michelson interferometer based on magnetic levitation positioning technology according to the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side view of the moving mirror system of a Michelson interferometer based on magnetic levitation positioning technology according to the present invention.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side view of the moving mirror system of a Michelson interferometer based on magnetic levitation positioning technology according to the present invention.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the moving mirror system of a Michelson interferometer based on magnetic levitation positioning technology according to the present invention.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upward-view structure of the moving mirror system of a Michelson interferometer based on magnetic levitation positioning technology according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the moving mirror system of a Michelson interferometer based on magnetic levitation positioning technology according to the present invention.

[0017] As shown in the figure: 1. Magnetic pole ball; 2. Connecting rod; 3. Lens base; 4. Metal reflector; 5. Coil; 6. Magnetic pole head; 7. Electromagnet bolt; 8. Electromagnet bracket; 9. Mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] As shown in the figure, a moving mirror system for a Michelson interferometer based on magnetic levitation positioning technology includes a moving mirror body and three electromagnet groups. The moving mirror body includes a lens base 3, a metal reflector 4, connecting rods 2, and magnetic pole balls 1. The metal reflector 4 is fixedly mounted on the front of the lens base 3. There are three connecting rods 2, which are distributed on the side of the lens base 3 with an included angle of 120° between adjacent connecting rods 2. There are three magnetic pole balls 1, which are respectively located at the other end of the three connecting rods 2. The electromagnet groups include an electromagnet support 8, coils 5, and magnetic pole heads 6. The electromagnet support 8 is composed of three wedges. There are three coils 5, which are respectively fixed to the three wedges by electromagnet bolts 7. There are three magnetic pole heads 6, which are respectively fixed to the other end of the three coils 5.

[0020] The number of electromagnet groups is three, and each group is distributed with three magnetic pole balls 1. The electromagnet bracket 8 has a mounting hole 9 in the center. One coil 5 and one magnetic pole head 6 form an electromagnet. Each electromagnet group contains three electromagnets. Each magnetic pole ball 1 is attracted by the three electromagnets. The attraction of the three electromagnets is a force in three directions that are 120° apart in space.

[0021] The assembly process of this invention is as follows: First, install the electromagnet bolt 7 into the electromagnet bracket 8; then, install the magnetic pole head 6 into the coil 5; then, install the magnetic pole head 6 and the electromagnet bolt 7 together; then, fix the mounting hole 9 onto the machine housing; then, install the magnetic pole ball 1 and the connecting rod 2 together; then, install the connecting rod 2 onto the lens base 3; then, install the metal reflector 4 onto the lens base 3. The assembly is now complete.

[0022] The working principle of this invention is as follows: First, an electromagnet is formed by a coil 5 and a magnetic pole head 6. Each electromagnet group contains three electromagnets. The moving mirror body has three magnetic pole balls 1, which are metallic, non-magnetic, but can conduct magnetism, such as stainless steel or iron balls. Each magnetic pole ball 1 receives the attraction and pull of the three electromagnets. The attraction of these three electromagnets consists of three forces that are spatially offset by 120°. Thus, by changing the current in one of the electromagnets, the magnitude of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet can be changed, thereby changing the magnitude of the force in the direction of that electromagnet, and thus changing the position of the magnetic pole ball in space. Since the magnetic pole ball 1 is fixed to the moving mirror body, only the current in the three directions of the electromagnets on the three magnetic pole balls 1 needs to be changed. With a total of nine electromagnets, the spatial position of the moving mirror can be precisely controlled.

[0023] This invention and its embodiments have been described, but this description is not restrictive. The accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of this invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A moving mirror system for a Michelson interferometer based on magnetic levitation positioning technology, characterized in that: The device includes a moving mirror body and three electromagnet assemblies. The moving mirror body includes a lens base (3), a metal reflector (4), connecting rods (2), and magnetic pole balls (1). The metal reflector (4) is fixedly mounted on the front of the lens base (3). There are three connecting rods (2), which are distributed on the side of the lens base (3) with an angle of 120° between adjacent connecting rods (2). There are three magnetic pole balls (1), which are respectively located at the other end of the three connecting rods (2). The electromagnet assemblies include an electromagnet bracket (8), a coil (5), and magnetic poles. The head (6), the electromagnet bracket (8) is composed of three wedges, the number of coils (5) is three and they are fixed on the three wedges respectively by electromagnet bolts (7), the number of magnetic pole heads (6) is three and they are fixed on the other end of the three coils (5), one coil (5) and one magnetic pole head (6) form an electromagnet, each electromagnet group contains three electromagnets, each magnetic pole ball (1) is attracted by the three electromagnets, and the attraction of the three electromagnets is three forces in three directions that are 120° apart in space.

2. The moving mirror system of a Michelson interferometer based on magnetic levitation positioning technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnet bracket (8) has a mounting hole (9) at its center.

Images