A combined hanging hammering pipe sinking cast-in-place pile construction system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a combined hanging hammering system for sinking cast-in-place piles, comprising a borehole guide system, a pile driving system, and an auxiliary extraction system. The borehole guide system comprises a borehole guide machine and a positioning casing. The power end of the borehole guide machine is connected to the upper end of the positioning casing and is used to vertically press the positioning casing into the soil and extract soil from the positioning casing. The pile driving system comprises a crawler crane, a hydraulic pile hammer, and a steel casing. The lifting end of the crawler crane is connected to the hydraulic pile hammer, and the striking end of the hydraulic pile hammer is downwardly facing the upper end of the steel casing. The steel casing and the positioning casing are coaxially arranged. The auxiliary extraction system comprises a high-frequency vibratory hammer. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: based on the existing high-pile frame hammering process, the guide bracket is eliminated, and the pipe sinking construction is carried out by directly hammering with a crawler crane and a hydraulic hammer. The equipment is in sufficient stock and does not require modification, so it can be put into production immediately. The construction efficiency is high, the pile formation speed is fast, and the construction schedule is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a pipe-sinking cast-in-place pile construction technology, and in particular to a combined hanging and hammering pipe-sinking cast-in-place pile construction system and method. Background Art

[0002] Sinking tube cast-in-place piles are one of the many types of pile foundations used in civil engineering. They utilize a steel tube (i.e., casing) that matches the designed dimensions of the pile. After the pile tip is placed on the end and sunk into the soil, a steel reinforcement skeleton is placed within the casing. The tube is then vibrated and pulled out while concrete is poured. The vibration from pulling out the tube compacts the concrete, forming the desired cast-in-place pile. This type of sinking tube cast-in-place pile is suitable for locations with groundwater, quicksand, or silt.

[0003] In recent years, in the construction of building foundations in coastal areas and surrounding areas, the traditional sunken tube cast-in-place piles have great pressure on the steel casing in the sand filling layer and the medium sand layer, making it difficult to press the piles. Some pile holes are still unable to press the casing under extreme conditions. In actual construction, the sunken tube construction is assisted by first drilling holes through the sand filling layer and the medium sand layer.

[0004] There are two methods for constructing cast-in-place piles: one is the static pressure cast-in-place pile construction process using a static pressure cast-in-place pile rig, and the other is the hammer cast-in-place pile construction process using a high-pile frame hydraulic hammer cast-in-place pile rig. However, most static pressure cast-in-place pile rigs have been converted into static pressure prefabricated pipe pile rigs. The remaining static pressure cast-in-place pile rigs that can meet the required pressure injection requirements are few and old, with high maintenance rates. High-pile frame hydraulic hammer cast-in-place pile rigs are even rarer on the market. Due to the influence of coastal winds, these high-pile frame hydraulic hammer cast-in-place pile rigs cannot be arranged for nighttime overtime construction for safety reasons. In addition, a walking-type high-pile frame hydraulic hammer pile driver is used for construction. The hydraulic pile hammer, steel casing and high-frequency vibration hammer are all installed on the pile driver guide bracket. The guide bracket is used to guide and position the steel casing. However, this device has low construction efficiency due to its large size and high installation height. There are few resources of this type of equipment on the market and it cannot meet the on-site construction progress requirements. During the construction process, when the steel casing is installed on the pile driving equipment, the next pile foundation can only be constructed after the pile foundation is sunk and the pile foundation construction is completed and the pipe is pulled out, and it is impossible to implement flow-line construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a combined hanging hammering pipe sinking cast-in-place pile construction system and method to address the deficiencies of the existing technology.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a combined hanging hammer sinking pipe cast-in-place pile construction system, including a hole guiding system, a pile driving system and an auxiliary pulling system, wherein:

[0007] The hole-guiding system includes a hole-guiding machine and a positioning casing. The power end of the hole-guiding machine is connected to the upper end of the positioning casing and is used to vertically press the positioning casing into the soil and take soil from the positioning casing. After the positioning casing is pressed into the soil to a set depth, it is separated from the hole-guiding machine.

[0008] The piling system includes a crawler crane, a hydraulic pile hammer, and a steel casing. The lifting end of the crawler crane is connected to the hydraulic pile hammer. The striking end of the hydraulic pile hammer is downwardly facing the upper end of the steel casing. The steel casing is coaxially arranged with the positioning casing. The hydraulic pile hammer is used to drive the plurality of steel casings into the soil from the positioning casing in sequence.

[0009] The auxiliary extraction system includes a high-frequency vibration hammer, which is used to pull the steel casing out of the soil.

[0010] According to the above scheme, a limiting ring plate is installed on the top of the positioning casing, and the inner ring of the limiting ring is adapted to the steel sleeve; a limiting steel bar is installed under the limiting ring plate, and the limiting steel bar is located between the inner wall of the positioning casing and the outer wall of the steel casing, and is used to limit the steel casing.

[0011] According to the above solution, the limiting ring plate is a split structure, which is spliced ​​by two semi-annular plates, and handles are provided on the upper parts of the two semi-annular plates.

[0012] According to the above scheme, a pile shoe is installed at the lower end of the first section of steel casing.

[0013] According to the above solution, the lower end of the pile shoe is pointed.

[0014] According to the above solution, the pile shoe is connected with an anti-floating cage steel bar hook, which can be connected to the steel bar cross frame at the bottom of the pile foundation steel cage.

[0015] According to the above scheme, a clamp is provided at the lower end of the high-frequency vibration hammer, and a radially inward protrusion is formed at the lower end of the clamp; a clamping hole adapted to the protrusion is opened on the upper outer wall of the steel casing. When pulling out the pipe, the protrusion of the clamp is clamped into the clamping hole of the steel casing, and the high-frequency vibration hammer vibrates while using the clamp to pull the steel casing upward.

[0016] The present invention also provides a combined hanging hammering pipe sinking cast-in-place pile construction method, which includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Build a pile foundation construction database and export on-site pile foundation construction data;

[0018] Step 2, construction preparation; provide the equipment of the construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, equip the appropriate steel casing for welding according to the predicted construction length of the pile foundation, and weld the pile shoe and the anti-floating cage steel barb to the end of the first section of the steel casing;

[0019] Step 3: The hole guiding system works, and the hole guiding machine positions the casing under the hole;

[0020] Step 4: The piling system works, so that multiple sections of steel casing pass through the positioning casing in sequence and enter the soil to form holes;

[0021] Step 5: After the bored pile is completed, use the pulling-out system to pull out the steel casing.

[0022] According to the above scheme, the specific method of step one is:

[0023] First, pile length prediction was performed using BIM technology: the ground elevation data of each survey point was collated based on the geological survey report, and the 3D coordinates of each survey point were generated in batches using CAD software, and a 3D curve coordinate network was fitted.

[0024] Secondly, the three-dimensional curve coordinate network was imported into UG software. According to the geological soil layer conditions of each geological survey point in the geological survey report, the site topography and geology were fitted and modeled. The site topography and geology model was constructed. The coordinate points of the engineering pile foundation were projected onto the fitted site topography and geology model to extract the elevation data.

[0025] Finally, Dynamo is used in Revit software for visual programming to batch generate predicted pile foundation models; based on the site topographic and geological model and the engineering pile foundation model, a pile foundation construction database is constructed to export on-site pile foundation construction data.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. Rapid equipment commissioning and high construction efficiency. This invention eliminates the guide bracket based on the existing high-pile frame hammering process and adopts a crawler crane to directly hammer the pipe sinking method. The equipment is in sufficient stock and does not require modification. It can be put into production immediately, with high construction efficiency and fast pile-forming speed, ensuring the construction schedule.

[0028] 2. Single piles have high bearing capacity, and the pile quality is stable and reliable. Steel pile shoes are installed to ensure that there is no sediment in the hole. Hooks are welded to the steel pile shoes and connected to the cross frame at the bottom of the steel cage to prevent the cage from floating during pipe pulling and concrete pouring. At the same time, the steel casing is fully covered during the hammering process, effectively avoiding the occurrence of hole collapse, diameter reduction, inclusions, and broken piles during the pile construction process. The surrounding soil is squeezed and compacted during the hammering process, effectively increasing the lateral resistance of the pile body and the bearing capacity of the pile body. The steel casing is pulled out with a high-frequency vibration hammer, which effectively separates the steel casing and the steel cage through high-frequency vibration, while also playing a role in vibrating and compacting the concrete, ensuring the quality of the pile foundation construction.

[0029] 3. Strong pile sinking capacity and high turnover rate. The pile shoe design can ensure that the pile shoe can penetrate dense or hard soil layers such as thick sand layers, fragmented interlayers, or boulders during the hammering process by adjusting the stroke height of the hydraulic impact hammer or increasing the number of oil pumps, thereby achieving effective hole formation. At the same time, the steel casing can be repeatedly utilized to ensure that the pile foundation hole formation is in a continuous construction state, reducing costs.

[0030] 4. Wide applicability and environmental benefits. This process is not only suitable for complex geological conditions such as thick sand layers, high water levels, and severe corrosion, but also allows for flexible selection of pile length (up to over 40 meters) and diameter through welded steel casing, enabling dynamic design. Piling requires no mud wall protection and no mud discharge, resulting in minimal pollution to the site and surrounding environment, a high level of safety and civility, and cost savings.

[0031] 5. The present invention provides sufficient equipment resources, effectively solving the problem of insufficient equipment resources for walking-type high-pile frame hydraulic hammer pile drivers. Furthermore, compared with walking-type high-pile frame hydraulic hammer pile drivers, crawler cranes are more flexible, saving machine relocation time and improving construction efficiency. The piling system and steel casing are relatively independent, allowing for simultaneous drilling of multiple pile foundations within a single construction period. This allows for seamless execution of processes such as steel cage hoisting and concrete pouring between pile foundations, thus reducing construction time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hole-leading system in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the immersed tube system in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the extubation system of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the clamp of the high-frequency vibration hammer and the positioning casing in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the pile shoe and the anti-floating cage steel bar barb in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the position of the limiting ring plate in this embodiment.

[0038] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the position of the limiting steel bars in this embodiment.

[0039] Among them: 1. Drilling machine; 2. Positioning casing; 3. Crawler crane; 4. Hydraulic pile hammer; 5. Steel casing; 6. Pile shoe; 7. Anti-floating cage steel bar hook; 8. High-frequency vibration hammer; 8.1. Clamp; 9. Limiting ring plate; 9.1. Handle; 9.2. Semi-ring plate; 10. Limiting steel bar. Specific implementation methods

[0040] In order to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 3 The combined hanging hammering pipe sinking cast-in-place pile construction system shown in the figure includes a hole guiding system, a pile driving system and an auxiliary pulling system, wherein:

[0042] The drilling system includes a drilling machine 1 and a positioning casing 2. The power end of the drilling machine 1 is connected to the upper end of the positioning casing 2, and is used to vertically press the positioning casing 2 into the soil and take soil from the positioning casing 2. After the positioning casing 2 is pressed into the soil to a set depth, it is separated from the drilling machine 1.

[0043] The piling system includes a crawler crane 3, a hydraulic pile hammer 4, and a steel casing 5. The lifting end of the crawler crane 3 is connected to the hydraulic pile hammer 4. The striking end of the hydraulic pile hammer 4 is downwardly facing the upper end of the steel casing 5. The steel casing 5 is coaxially arranged with the positioning casing 2. The hydraulic pile hammer 4 is used to drive a plurality of steel casings 5 ​​into the soil through the positioning casing 2 in sequence.

[0044] The extraction assistance system includes a high-frequency vibration hammer 8, which is used to extract the steel casing 5 from the soil.

[0045] In the present invention, the boring machine 1, crawler crane 3, hydraulic pile hammer 4 and high-frequency vibration hammer 8 are all mature equipment in the industry and will not be described in detail here.

[0046] Preferably, if Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a limiting ring plate 9 is installed on the top of the positioning casing 2, and the inner ring of the limiting ring 9 is adapted to the steel sleeve 5; a limiting steel bar 10 is installed below the limiting ring plate 9, and the limiting steel bar 10 is located between the inner wall of the positioning casing 2 and the outer wall of the steel casing 5, and is used to limit the steel casing 5. Preferably, the limiting ring plate 9 is a split structure, which is spliced ​​by two semi-annular plates 9.2, and the upper part of the two semi-annular plates 9.2 is provided with a handle 9.1. Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a limiting ring plate 9 is installed on the top of the positioning casing 2, and four limiting steel bars 10 (made of steel bars with a diameter of 25) are welded inside to limit the steel casing 5 internally, which can effectively ensure the verticality of the steel casing 5 and ensure the verticality of the hole formed by hanging and hammering.

[0047] Preferably, a pile shoe 6 is mounted at the lower end of the first section of steel casing. The lower portion of the pile shoe 6 is pointed and made of steel. In this embodiment, the pile shoe 6 is temporarily fixed to the first section of steel casing 5 using spot welding to ensure that the entire structure does not fall off during hoisting. When hammering the steel casing 5 to sink the pile, the pile shoe 6 can be separated from the first section of steel casing due to the impact force.

[0048] Preferably, the pile shoe 6 is connected to an anti-floating cage steel barb 7, which can be connected to the steel crossbar at the bottom of the pile foundation cage. During concrete pouring, the concrete exerts an upward buoyancy on the pile foundation cage. By hooking the anti-floating cage steel barb 7 onto the steel crossbar at the bottom of the cage, the cage can be effectively prevented from floating. During construction, the steel crossbar is welded to the bottom of the pile foundation cage. When the pile foundation cage is lowered, the anti-floating cage steel barb 7 hooks onto the steel crossbar.

[0049] Preferably, if Figure 4 As shown, the lower end of the high-frequency vibration hammer 8 is provided with a clamp 8.1, and the lower end of the clamp 8.1 forms a radially inward protrusion; the upper outer wall of the steel casing 5 is provided with a clamping hole adapted to the protrusion. When pulling out the pipe, the protrusion of the clamp 8.1 is clamped into the clamping hole of the steel casing 5, and the high-frequency vibration hammer 8 vibrates while using the clamp 8.1 to pull the steel casing 5 upward.

[0050] In the present invention, the drilling machine 1 is a dual-power head drilling machine 1, specifically, a crawler-type long spiral multifunctional drilling rig; one power head is used to install and press down the positioning casing 2, and the other power head is used to remove soil from the positioning casing 2, and the two power heads operate synchronously. The configuration of the drilling machine 1 is all existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0051] A combined hanging hammering pipe sinking cast-in-place pile construction method, the process comprises the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Build a pile foundation construction database and export on-site pile foundation construction data. The specific method is:

[0053] First, pile length prediction was performed using BIM technology: the ground elevation data of each survey point was collated based on the geological survey report, and the 3D coordinates of each survey point were generated in batches using CAD software, and a 3D curve coordinate network was fitted.

[0054] Secondly, the three-dimensional curve coordinate network was imported into UG software. According to the geological soil layer conditions of each geological survey point in the geological survey report, the site topography and geology were fitted and modeled. The site topography and geology model was constructed. The coordinate points of the engineering pile foundation were projected onto the fitted site topography and geology model to extract the elevation data.

[0055] Finally, Dynamo is used in Revit software for visual programming to batch generate predicted pile foundation models; based on the site topographic and geological model and the engineering pile foundation model, a pile foundation construction database is constructed to export on-site pile foundation construction data, such as construction length and coordinates.

[0056] Step 2: Construction preparation.

[0057] Provide the various equipment of the construction system as described above, and equip appropriate steel casing for welding according to the predicted construction length of the pile foundation. After the pile shoe 6 and the anti-floating cage steel bar hook 7 are welded, they are fixed to the end of the first section of the steel casing 5 by spot welding.

[0058] Step 3: The hole-guiding system works, and the hole-guiding machine 1 positions the casing 2 under the hole.

[0059] A double-power head boring machine 1 is used, wherein one power head is used to install and press down the positioning casing 2, and the other power head is used to take soil from the positioning casing 2, and the two power heads work simultaneously.

[0060] Since there is no limit on the upper part of the steel casing 5 during the hammering process, the verticality of the pile foundation hole cannot be guaranteed. In order to effectively solve the above problem, a hole is drilled in the lower part of the soil, and a positioning casing 2 is installed during the drilling process to ensure that the steel casing 5 is effectively limited and the verticality of the hole is guaranteed.

[0061] Step 4: The piling system works, so that the multiple sections of steel casing 5 pass through the positioning casing 2 in sequence and enter the soil to form holes.

[0062] Use a hanging hammer to form a hole: connect the crawler crane 3 and the hydraulic pile hammer 4 to form a hammering device; place the first section of steel casing 5 into the positioning casing 2, and use the limiting ring plate 9 and the limiting steel bar 10 to limit the position; start the hydraulic pile hammer 4 to hit the upper end of the first section of steel casing 5 until the upper end of the first section of steel casing 5 enters the positioning sleeve; then hammer the other sections of steel casing 5 in turn to make each steel casing 5 enter the soil to form a hole.

[0063] When the steel casing 5 encounters a sand layer or a medium sand layer and it is difficult to advance during the hammering process, various combinations such as reducing the stroke height of the hydraulic impact hammer, increasing the number of oil pumps, and increasing the hammering force can be used to ensure that the steel pile pipe can penetrate the medium sand layer and achieve the purpose of effective hole formation.

[0064] Step 5: After the cast-in-place pile is completed, use the extraction assistance system to extract the pipe.

[0065] After the hole is drilled by hammering, the pile foundation reinforcement cage is lowered into the steel casing, so that the anti-floating cage reinforcement barb 7 hooks the reinforcement crossbar at the bottom of the pile foundation reinforcement cage; concrete is poured, and the steel casing is pulled up using a high-frequency vibration hammer 8 while pouring concrete. During the casing pulling process, the high-frequency vibration effectively separates the steel casing 5 from the pile foundation reinforcement cage and pile shoe 6, and simultaneously vibrates and densifies the concrete, effectively preventing the occurrence of floating cage and ensuring the quality of pile foundation construction.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined hanging hammer sinking pipe cast-in-place pile construction system, characterized in that: It includes the guide hole system, pile driving system and auxiliary extraction system, among which, The hole-guiding system includes a hole-guiding machine and a positioning casing. The power end of the hole-guiding machine is connected to the upper end of the positioning casing and is used to vertically press the positioning casing into the soil and take soil from the positioning casing. The piling system includes a crawler crane, a hydraulic pile hammer, and a steel casing. The lifting end of the crawler crane is connected to the hydraulic pile hammer. The striking end of the hydraulic pile hammer is downwardly facing the upper end of the steel casing. The steel casing is coaxially arranged with the positioning casing. The hydraulic pile hammer is used to drive the plurality of steel casings into the soil from the positioning casing in sequence. The auxiliary extraction system includes a high-frequency vibration hammer, which is used to pull the steel casing out of the soil.

2. The cast-in-place pile construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting ring plate is installed on the top of the positioning casing, and the inner ring of the limiting ring plate is adapted to the steel sleeve; a limiting steel bar is installed below the limiting ring plate, and the limiting steel bar is located between the inner wall of the positioning casing and the outer wall of the steel casing, and is used to limit the steel casing.

3. The cast-in-place pile construction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting ring plate is a split structure, which is formed by splicing two semi-annular plates, and handles are provided on the upper parts of the two semi-annular plates.

4. The cast-in-place pile construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pile shoe is installed at the lower end of the first section of steel casing.

5. The cast-in-place pile construction system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the pile shoe is pointed.

6. The cast-in-place pile construction system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pile shoe is connected with an anti-floating cage steel bar hook, which can be connected to the steel bar cross frame at the bottom of the pile foundation steel bar cage.

7. The cast-in-place pile construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamp is provided at the lower end of the high-frequency vibration hammer, and a radially inward protrusion is formed at the lower end of the clamp; a clamping hole adapted to the protrusion is opened on the upper outer wall of the steel casing. When pulling out the pipe, the protrusion of the clamp is clamped into the clamping hole of the steel casing, and the high-frequency vibration hammer vibrates while using the clamp to pull the steel casing upward.

8. A combined hanging hammering pipe sinking cast-in-place pile construction method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Build a pile foundation construction database and export on-site pile foundation construction data; Step 2, construction preparation; provide the equipment of the construction system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, equip the appropriate steel casing for welding according to the predicted construction length of the pile foundation, and weld the pile shoe and the anti-floating cage steel barb to the end of the first section of the steel casing; Step 3: The hole guiding system works, and the hole guiding machine positions the casing under the hole; Step 4: The piling system works, so that multiple sections of steel casing pass through the positioning casing in sequence and enter the soil to form holes; Step 5: After the cast-in-place pile is completed, use the extraction assistance system to extract the pipe.

9. The combined hanging hammering and pipe sinking cast-in-place pile construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific method of step one is: First, pile length prediction was performed using BIM technology: the ground elevation data of each survey point was collated based on the geological survey report, and the 3D coordinates of each survey point were generated in batches using CAD software, and a 3D curve coordinate network was fitted. Secondly, the three-dimensional curve coordinate network was imported into UG software. According to the geological soil layer conditions of each geological survey point in the geological survey report, the site topography and geology were fitted and modeled. The site topography and geology model was constructed. The coordinate points of the engineering pile foundation were projected onto the fitted site topography and geology model to extract the elevation data. Finally, Dynamo is used in Revit software for visual programming to batch generate predicted pile foundation models; based on the site topographic and geological model and the engineering pile foundation model, a pile foundation construction database is constructed to export on-site pile foundation construction data.

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