A composite vibration damping device based on phononic crystals

Abstract

The application discloses a composite damping device based on phonon crystals and relates to the field of building structure damping. The device comprises three damping plate assemblies; the three damping plate assemblies are sequentially connected in a head-to-tail mode and form a tripod structure; a disc spring is arranged at the central position between a top plate and a bottom plate; a plurality of prestressed steels extending horizontally outside the tripod are fixedly connected to the side wall of each disc spring; the other end of the prestressed steel is fixedly connected to a building wall; a TMD damper and a phonon crystal damping unit are sequentially arranged on the two sides of the disc spring along the length direction of the top plate; the disc spring and the TMD damper are connected through a plurality of transversely arranged damping spring dampers; and the TMD damper and the phonon crystal damping unit are also connected through a plurality of transversely arranged damping spring dampers. The device can achieve the effect of vibration isolation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building structure vibration reduction, and specifically to a composite vibration reduction device based on phonon crystals. Background Technology

[0002] Earthquakes are characterized by their suddenness, destructiveness, wide impact, and strong chain reaction. In recent years, my country has paid great attention to the vibration resistance of building structures. In the past, the main approach was to increase the cross-sectional dimensions of components and the reinforcement to enhance the vibration resistance of structures. However, when a major earthquake occurs, it is still impossible to avoid severe structural damage or even collapse. In addition, there is the method of installing rubber vibration isolation devices in the foundation of buildings. The rubber deforms to consume energy and reduce the adverse effects of earthquakes. However, the vibration isolation performance of rubber materials is limited and the durability is poor, so this vibration reduction method is not ideal. Tuned mass dampers, or TMD dampers for short, are composed of a mass, springs, and a damping system. They can reduce the energy dissipation requirements of basic structural components under external forces.

[0003] Poisson's ratio is the ratio of the absolute values ​​of the transverse normal strain to the axial normal strain when a material is subjected to uniaxial tension or compression. It is also called the transverse deformation coefficient and is an elastic constant reflecting the transverse deformation of a material. Generally, almost all materials are considered to have a positive Poisson's ratio, approximately 1 / 3, with rubber materials at 1 / 2, aluminum at 0.33, copper at 0.27, and typical polymer foams at 0.11–0.14, etc. This means that these materials contract laterally when stretched. A negative Poisson's ratio effect, however, refers to the material expanding laterally within its elastic range when stretched, and contracting laterally when compressed. Porous materials refer to composite materials where one phase is solid and the other is entirely composed of pores or liquid, such as rocks and wood in nature. Porous solid materials may have two-dimensional or three-dimensional structures. Two-dimensional honeycomb solid materials composed of concave pore structural units have been found to have negative Poisson's ratio values. The theory and models of porous solid materials with negative Poisson's ratios have become increasingly mature. Theocaris et al., through finite element analysis based on digital homogenization theory, believe that fiber-reinforced composite materials can exhibit a negative Poisson's ratio effect when they contain microporous structural units with star-shaped cross-sections and concave angles.

[0004] Materials or structures with periodic distributions of elastic constants and density are called phononic crystals. Phononic crystals are a new type of functional material formed by periodically arranging elastic solids in another solid or fluid medium. The vibration isolation concept of phononic crystal metamaterials, which has emerged in recent years, is based on the principle that when elastic waves of a specific frequency band propagate in a periodic structure, the propagation of elastic waves is blocked within a certain band gap due to the action of its internal structure, thereby achieving effective vibration reduction. However, although there are many types of existing vibration isolation devices such as phononic crystals, the vibration isolation structure covers a narrow elastic wave frequency band and has insufficient vertical bearing capacity, resulting in limited vibration reduction effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above technical problems, the main objective of this invention is to provide a composite vibration reduction device based on phononic crystals, thereby solving the problem that although there are many types of existing vibration isolation devices such as phononic crystals, their vibration isolation structures cover a narrow elastic wave frequency band and have insufficient vertical bearing capacity, resulting in limited vibration reduction effects.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solutions.

[0007] A composite vibration damping device based on phonon crystals includes three damping plate assemblies. The three damping plate assemblies are connected end-to-end to form a triangular frame structure. Each damping plate assembly includes a horizontal top plate and a bottom plate of the same size. A disc spring is disposed at the center between the top plate and the bottom plate. The upper end of the disc spring is fixedly connected to the top plate, and the lower end of the disc spring is fixedly connected to the bottom plate. Several prestressed steel bars extending horizontally outside the triangular frame are fixedly connected to the side wall of each disc spring. The other end of the prestressed steel bars is fixedly connected to the building wall. The prestressed steel bars are perpendicular to the length direction of the corresponding top plate on the same side. A TMD damper and a phonon crystal vibration damping unit are respectively disposed on both sides of the disc spring along the length direction of the top plate. The disc spring and the TMD damper are connected by several horizontally arranged damping spring vibration dampers. The TMD damper and the phonon crystal vibration damping unit are also connected by several horizontally arranged damping spring vibration dampers.

[0008] Furthermore, the TMD damper includes a metal housing, the bottom of which contacts the upper surface of the corresponding base plate. A viscous liquid is disposed inside the metal housing. A vertical connecting spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the metal housing, and a steel ball is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting spring. The two ends of each damping spring damper located between the disc spring and the metal housing are fixedly connected to the side wall of the disc spring and the metal housing, respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the phonon crystal damping unit comprises several vertically stacked phonon crystal damping unit cells. Each phonon crystal damping unit cell includes an upper plate and a lower plate. An air spring is disposed at the center between the upper and lower plates. A metal damping ring is fitted over the air spring. A rubber damping ring is fitted over the metal damping ring. A positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer is fitted over the rubber damping ring. The upper surfaces of the air spring, metal damping ring, rubber damping ring, and positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer are all fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper plate. The lower surfaces of the air spring, metal damping ring, rubber damping ring, and positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer are all fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower plate. The upper plate of the topmost phonon crystal damping unit cell is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate. The lower plate of the bottommost phonon crystal damping unit cell is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate. The lower plate of the upper phonon crystal damping unit cell is fixedly connected to the upper plate of the lower phonon crystal damping unit cell.

[0010] Furthermore, the positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer includes several square positive Poisson's ratio honeycomb structures and concave hexagonal negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structures, both of which are arranged in a specific period and wound into a ring. The positive Poisson's ratio honeycomb structures are located at the four corners of the rectangle, the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structures are located between the positive Poisson's ratio honeycomb structures, and a regular octagonal honeycomb structure is formed in the center of the rectangle.

[0011] Furthermore, the top plate, bottom plate, metal damping ring, and disc spring are made of steel; the upper plate, lower plate, and positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layers are made of rubber.

[0012] Furthermore, the steel ball has a hollow interior and several small holes on its outer surface, which connect to the interior of the steel ball.

[0013] Furthermore, the three damping plate assemblies are connected by pivot pins.

[0014] The technical solution of this invention introduces the local resonance theory of phononic crystals and combines it with the TMD damper and disc spring vibration isolation principle, enabling the device to efficiently reduce multidimensional vibration energy and have excellent vibration reduction and energy dissipation effects. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention from a top-down perspective;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the vibration damping plate assembly of the present invention from the front side perspective;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from a top-down perspective;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the front side of the phononic crystal vibration reduction unit cell of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the TMD damper of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer in the composite vibration reduction device based on phononic crystals of the present invention.

[0022] In the above diagram: 1. Vibration damping plate assembly; 11. Top plate; 12. Bottom plate; 13. Disc spring; 14. Prestressed steel reinforcement; 15. TMD damper; 151. Metal box; 152. Viscous liquid; 153. Connecting spring; 154. Steel ball; 155. Damping spring vibration damper; 16. Phononic crystal vibration damping unit; 161. Phononic crystal vibration damping unit cell; 1611. Upper plate; 1612. Lower plate; 1613. Air spring; 1614. Metal vibration damping ring; 1615. Rubber vibration damping ring; 1616. Positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention can be practiced in many ways other than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3A composite vibration damping device based on phonon crystals includes three damping plate assemblies 1; the three damping plate assemblies are connected end-to-end to form a triangular frame structure; each damping plate assembly 1 includes a horizontal top plate 11 and a bottom plate 12 of the same size, a disc spring 13 is disposed at the center between the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12, the upper end of the disc spring 13 is fixedly connected to the top plate 11, the lower end of the disc spring 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 12, and several prestressed steel bars 14 extending horizontally from the outside of the triangular frame are fixedly connected to the side wall of each disc spring 13. The other end of the prestressed steel bar 14 is fixedly connected to the building wall. The prestressed steel bar 14 and the corresponding top plate 11 on the same side are perpendicular to each other in length direction. TMD dampers 15 and phonon crystal vibration reduction units 16 are respectively arranged on both sides of the disc spring 13 along the length direction of the top plate 11. The disc spring 13 and the TMD damper 15 are connected by several horizontally arranged damping spring dampers. The TMD damper 15 and the phonon crystal vibration reduction unit 16 are also connected by several horizontally arranged damping spring dampers.

[0026] In the above embodiments, when the building structure is subjected to vibration, the vibration energy is transmitted to the phonon crystal damping unit 16 through the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12, causing the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12 of the unit to deform, thereby absorbing part of the vibration energy. Furthermore, the disc spring 13 will also produce a small vertical deformation to consume energy and provide good vertical stiffness for the structure under compression. When the building structure is subjected to vertical vibration, the disc spring 13 will deform to both sides. At this time, each damping spring damper can play the role of energy consumption and generate an inertial force opposite to the direction of structural vibration.

[0027] Further, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 The TMD damper 15 includes a metal housing 151, the bottom of which is in contact with the upper surface of the corresponding base plate 12. A viscous liquid 152 is disposed inside the metal housing. A vertical connecting spring 153 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the metal housing 151, and a steel ball 154 is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting spring 153. The two ends of each damping spring damper 155 located between the disc spring 13 and the metal housing 151 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the disc spring 13 and the metal housing 151, respectively.

[0028] In the above embodiments, the metal box 151 is in contact with the base plate 12, and can generate heat through friction during movement, thereby achieving a small energy consumption effect. The connecting spring 153 connects the steel ball 154 and the metal box 151. The viscous liquid 152 increases the resistance when the steel ball 154 swings, thus achieving energy consumption in combination. The viscous liquid 152 moves under the influence of the movement of the metal box 151, and the steel ball 154 sways in the viscous liquid 152, consuming energy. This process generates damping force, which further consumes energy.

[0029] Further, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The phonon crystal damping unit 16 includes a plurality of vertically stacked phonon crystal damping unit cells 161. Each phonon crystal damping unit cell 161 includes an upper plate 1611 and a lower plate 1612. An air spring 1613 is disposed at the center position between the upper plate 1611 and the lower plate 1612. A metal damping ring 1614 is sleeved on the air spring 1613. A rubber damping ring 1615 is sleeved on the metal damping ring 1614. A positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616 is sleeved on the rubber damping ring 1615. The air spring 1613, the metal damping ring 1614, the rubber damping ring 1615, and the positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616 are all present in the unit cell. The upper end face of 16 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper plate 1611. The lower end face of the air spring 1613, the metal damping ring 1614, the rubber damping ring 1615, and the positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616 are all fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower plate 1612. The upper plate 1611 of the topmost phononic crystal damping unit cell 161 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate 11. The lower plate 1612 of the bottommost phononic crystal damping unit cell 161 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate 12. The lower plate 1612 of the upper phononic crystal damping unit cell 161 is fixedly connected to the upper plate 1611 of the lower phononic crystal damping unit cell 161.

[0030] In the above embodiments, when subjected to vertical force, each upper plate 1611 and each lower plate 1612 bears the force and then transmits the vertical force to the air spring 1613, the metal damping ring 1614, the rubber damping ring 1615, and the positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616, thereby achieving the vibration reduction effect. At the same time, the vertical force will cause the air spring 1613, the metal damping ring 1614, the rubber damping ring 1615, and the positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616 to undergo lateral deformation. At this time, multiple damping spring dampers 155 absorb the impact force, thereby further achieving the vibration reduction effect. The vibration load is transmitted to each periodically arranged damping ring, and the band gap structure generated by each damping ring can play a role in hindering the propagation of seismic waves, preventing seismic waves from continuing to propagate through this vibration reduction device, thereby attenuating the vibration energy.

[0031] Further, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 The positive and negative Poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616 includes several square positive Poisson ratio honeycomb structures and concave hexagonal negative Poisson ratio honeycomb structures, both of which are arranged in a specific period and wound into a ring. The positive Poisson ratio honeycomb structures are located at the four corners of the rectangle, the negative Poisson ratio honeycomb structures are located between the positive Poisson ratio honeycomb structures, and a regular octagonal honeycomb structure is formed in the center of the rectangle.

[0032] In the above embodiments, the positive Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure has excellent strength and stiffness, as well as the shear resistance, crack resistance, and energy dissipation performance of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure, which not only provides vertical stiffness for the structure, but also absorbs a large amount of energy.

[0033] Further, refer to Figure 1 The top plate 11, bottom plate 12, metal damping ring 1614 and disc spring 13 are made of steel; the upper plate 1611, lower plate 1612 and positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616 are made of rubber.

[0034] In the above embodiments, by limiting the materials of the top plate 11, bottom plate 12, metal damping ring 1614 and disc spring 13 to steel, the rigidity of their support can be guaranteed. By setting the materials of the upper plate 1611, lower plate 1612 and positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616 to rubber, a certain range of deformation can occur.

[0035] Further, refer to Figure 5 The steel ball 154 has a hollow structure inside and several small holes on its outer surface, which connect to the interior of the steel ball 154.

[0036] In the above embodiments, the small holes allow the viscous liquid 152 to pass through the interior of the steel ball 154 for further energy dissipation.

[0037] Further, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The three damping plate assemblies 1 are connected by pivot pins.

[0038] In the above embodiments, the connection method using the pivot pin facilitates installation and disassembly.

[0039] Compared with existing shock absorbers, the advantages of this invention are:

[0040] (1) The phononic crystal vibration reduction unit 16 in this invention can generate a low-frequency, wide-bandwidth vibration band gap. When encountering earthquakes or other vibration waves, it can block elastic waves within a specific range, thereby effectively protecting the building.

[0041] (2) The positive and negative Poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616 in the phonon crystal damping unit 16 not only has the excellent strength and stiffness of the positive Poisson ratio honeycomb structure, but also has the shear resistance, crack resistance and energy dissipation performance of the negative Poisson ratio honeycomb structure, so that it can not only provide vertical stiffness for the structure, but also absorb a large amount of energy.

[0042] (3) The present invention combines the phonon crystal damping unit 16 and the TMD damper 15 to increase the energy dissipation and vibration isolation in the horizontal direction of the structure, expand the vibration isolation frequency range of the device, and significantly improve the vibration isolation effect.

[0043] Although the present invention has been described in detail in this specification with general description and specific embodiments, some modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the present invention are within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite vibration damping device based on phonon crystals, characterized in that: It includes three damping plate assemblies (1); the three damping plate assemblies (1) are connected end to end in sequence to form a triangular frame structure; Each damping plate assembly (1) includes a horizontal top plate (11) and a bottom plate (12) of the same size. A disc spring (13) is provided at the center between the top plate (11) and the bottom plate (12). The upper end of the disc spring (13) is fixedly connected to the top plate (11), and the lower end of the disc spring (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (12). Several prestressed steel bars (14) extending horizontally from the outside of a triangular frame are fixedly connected to the side wall of each disc spring (13). The other end of the prestressed steel bars (14) is fixedly connected to the building wall. The reinforcing bar (14) is perpendicular to the length direction of the top plate (11) on the same side. The disc spring (13) is provided with a TMD damper (15) and a phonon crystal vibration reduction unit (16) on both sides along the length direction of the top plate (11). The disc spring (13) and the TMD damper (15) are connected by several horizontally arranged damping spring vibration reduction units (155). The TMD damper (15) and the phonon crystal vibration reduction unit (16) are also connected by several horizontally arranged damping spring vibration reduction units (155).

2. The composite vibration damping device based on phonon crystal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The TMD damper (15) includes a metal box (151), the bottom of which is in contact with the upper surface of the corresponding base plate (12). A viscous liquid (152) is disposed inside the metal box (151). A vertical connecting spring (153) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the metal box (151). A steel ball (154) is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting spring (153). The two ends of each damping spring damper (155) located between the disc spring (13) and the metal box (151) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the disc spring (13) and the metal box (151), respectively.

3. The composite vibration damping device based on phonon crystal according to claim 2, characterized in that, The phonon crystal damping unit (16) includes several vertically stacked phonon crystal damping unit cells (161). Each phonon crystal damping unit cell (161) includes an upper plate (1611) and a lower plate (1612). An air spring (1613) is disposed at the center between the upper plate (1611) and the lower plate (1612). A metal damping ring (1614) is fitted over the air spring (1613). A rubber damping ring (1615) is fitted over the metal damping ring (1614). A positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer (1616) is fitted over the rubber damping ring (1615). The air spring (1613), the metal damping ring (1614), the rubber damping ring (1615), and the positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer (1616) are all connected together. The upper end face of 16) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper plate (1611). The lower end face of the air spring (1613), metal damping ring (1614), rubber damping ring (1615) and positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer (1616) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower plate (1612). The upper plate (1611) of the topmost phononic crystal damping unit cell (161) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate (11). The lower plate (1612) of the bottommost phononic crystal damping unit cell (161) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate (12). The lower plate (1612) of the upper phononic crystal damping unit cell (161) is fixedly connected to the upper plate (1611) of the lower phononic crystal damping unit cell (161).

4. The composite vibration damping device based on phonon crystal according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positive and negative Poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer (1616) includes several square positive Poisson ratio honeycomb structures and concave hexagonal negative Poisson ratio honeycomb structures, both of which are arranged in a specific period and wound into a ring. The positive Poisson ratio honeycomb structures are located at the four corners of the rectangle, the negative Poisson ratio honeycomb structures are located between the positive Poisson ratio honeycomb structures, and a regular octagonal honeycomb structure is formed in the center of the rectangle.

5. The composite vibration damping device based on phonon crystal according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top plate (11), bottom plate (12), metal damping ring (1614) and disc spring (13) are made of steel; the upper plate (1611), lower plate (1612) and positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer (1616) are made of rubber.

6. The composite vibration damping device based on a phonon crystal according to claim 5, characterized in that, The steel ball (154) has a hollow structure inside and several small holes on its outer surface, which are connected to the interior of the steel ball (154).

7. The composite vibration damping device based on phonon crystal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three damping plate assemblies (1) are connected by pivot pins.

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