Back pressure regulating device, compressor and air conditioner of scroll compressor

Abstract

The present invention provides a back pressure regulating device, a compressor and an air conditioner for a scroll compressor, relating to the technical field of scroll compressors. The back pressure regulating device of the scroll compressor of the present invention includes a bracket, which forms a back pressure chamber with the moving scroll disk of the compressor. It is characterized in that an oil-gas passage communicating the back pressure chamber with the exhaust chamber of the compressor is provided in the bracket. An adjusting chamber and a first throttling passage are provided on the path of the oil-gas passage. A plurality of pressure guiding holes communicating with the first throttling passage are provided on the chamber wall on one side of the adjusting chamber. The path lengths from each pressure guiding hole to the back pressure chamber through the first throttling passage are different. A pressure regulating assembly for controlling the conduction of one of the pressure guiding holes is provided in the adjusting chamber. Based on the technical solution of the present invention, the back pressure introduced to the back of the moving scroll disk can be adaptively adjusted, so that the moving and static scroll disks can be as close as possible on the premise of ensuring stable operation, thereby improving the volumetric efficiency of the compressor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of scroll compressors, and in particular to a back pressure regulating device of a scroll compressor, a compressor and an air conditioner. Background Art

[0002] Traditional air conditioning compressor refrigerants such as Freon, R134a and R410a, etc., will more or less pollute the environment, and CO2 refrigerant stands out among many refrigerants. Compared with conventional traditional refrigerants, CO2 refrigerant has the advantages of being green, environmentally friendly, pollution-free, economical and durable, but its disadvantages are also obvious, that is, the refrigerant characteristics of CO2 determine that it must work under high pressure. The working pressure of the scroll compressor using CO2 as the refrigerant is usually several times or even dozens of times that of the working pressure of the traditional refrigerant compressor, and when operating under different working conditions, its pressure span is also very large.

[0003] Due to the extremely high pressure in the compression chamber of the CO2 scroll compressor, it is very easy to separate the moving and static scrolls by impact, thus causing a large amount of leakage. The usual solution is to introduce the exhaust pressure to the back of the moving scroll as back pressure to offset the huge impact force in the compression chamber. However, due to the large pressure span in the compression chamber under different working conditions, if the back pressure introduced to the back of the moving scroll is too large, it is easy to cause the moving and static scrolls to get stuck; and if the back pressure introduced to the back of the moving scroll is too small, it is easy to make the gap between the moving and static scrolls too large, causing leakage. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problem that when the scroll compressor in the above-mentioned prior art operates under different working conditions, the pressure span of the compression chamber is very large, and the back pressure introduced on the back of the movable scroll disk cannot be adaptively adjusted, the present application proposes a back pressure regulating device, a compressor and an air conditioner for a scroll compressor, which can adaptively adjust the size of the back pressure introduced on the back of the movable scroll disk, so that the movable and stationary scroll disks fit as closely as possible while ensuring smooth operation, thereby improving the volumetric efficiency of the compressor.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present invention proposes a back-pressure regulating device for a scroll compressor, comprising a bracket, wherein a back-pressure chamber is formed between the bracket and a movable scroll plate of the compressor, an oil and gas passage connecting the back-pressure chamber and the exhaust chamber of the compressor is opened in the bracket, and a regulating chamber and a first throttling channel are provided on the path of the oil and gas passage, and the regulating chamber can be connected to the back-pressure chamber through the first throttling channel, and a plurality of pressure-inducing holes connected to the first throttling channel are opened on the cavity wall on one side of the regulating chamber, and the path length of each pressure-inducing hole from the first throttling channel to the back-pressure chamber is different, and a pressure regulating component for controlling the conduction of one of the pressure-inducing holes is arranged in the regulating chamber.

[0006] In one embodiment, the first throttling channel extends in one direction and one end thereof communicates with the back pressure chamber, and a plurality of the pressure guiding holes communicate with different positions of the first throttling channel in the extending direction. By this embodiment, the path lengths from different pressure guiding holes to the back pressure chamber through the first throttling channel are different. When the fluid in the exhaust chamber enters the back pressure chamber through different pressure guiding holes, the throttling effects are different, thus achieving the effect of adjusting the back pressure chamber.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first throttling channel is a spiral structure extending in one direction as a whole. By this embodiment, the spiral-structured first throttling channel is convenient to communicate with a plurality of pressure guiding holes. The plurality of pressure guiding holes communicate with the first throttling channel at different positions. The path of the pressure guiding hole communicating with the lower end of the spiral structure is longer than that of the pressure guiding hole at the upper end of the spiral structure.

[0008] In one embodiment, a first throttling chamber adjacent to the adjusting chamber is formed in the bracket. A first throttling pin is arranged in the first throttling chamber. A groove extending continuously in a spiral shape is formed on the circumferential surface of the first throttling pin. The spiral-structured first throttling channel is formed between the groove and the inner wall of the first throttling chamber. By this embodiment, it is convenient to arrange the first throttling channel. The first throttling pin can be taken out, and the maintenance and replacement are convenient.

[0009] In one embodiment, a second throttling channel having the same structure as the first throttling channel is further formed in the bracket. The second throttling channel communicates the back pressure chamber with the suction chamber of the compressor to play a pressure relief role. A second throttling chamber is arranged on the bracket. A second throttling pin having the same structure as the first throttling pin is arranged in the second throttling chamber. By this embodiment, through the second throttling chamber and the second throttling pin, a pressure relief effect is achieved. The excess pressure in the back pressure chamber continues to return to the suction chamber of the compressor through the oil-gas channel for pressure relief.

[0010] In one embodiment, the pressure regulating assembly includes a base and a regulating main board. A gas guiding groove capable of corresponding conduction with the pressure guiding hole is arranged on the regulating main board. The gas guiding groove is used to connect the adjusting chamber with the first throttling channel through the pressure guiding hole. The regulating main board is arranged on the base and can rotate around it to make the gas guiding groove correspond to different pressure guiding holes through rotation. By this embodiment, through the rotation of the regulating main board, the conduction effect on different pressure guiding holes is realized, so as to change the path length from the first throttling channel to the back pressure chamber. By arranging the gas guiding groove, it is ensured that the gas guiding groove can be conducted with the pressure guiding hole.

[0011] In one embodiment, the middle part between the two ends of the adjusting main board is rotatably connected to the base. The periphery of the adjusting main board is in sealed contact with the cavity wall of the adjusting cavity. One end of the adjusting main board corresponds to the first cavity wall where the pressure guiding hole of the adjusting cavity is located and is provided with the air guiding groove, and the other end corresponds to the inlet where the oil-gas passage enters the adjusting cavity. The adjusting main board can rotate around the base under the impact of the fluid entering the adjusting cavity from the oil-gas passage. Through this embodiment, the rotation power of the adjusting main board can be provided by the impact force of the fluid sprayed in the oil-gas passage, and the adjusting main board is kept stable after the pressure in the adjusting cavity is stabilized, so that the adjusting main board can adaptively adjust the inclination degree according to different pressure conditions in the pressure relief cavity, thereby realizing the adaptive adjustment of the pressure magnitude in the back pressure cavity.

[0012] In one embodiment, the adjusting main board divides the adjusting cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity. The oil-gas passage communicates with the first cavity. A partition portion extends from the cavity wall of the adjusting cavity into the first cavity. There is a gap between the end of the partition portion and the adjusting main board. The partition portion divides the first cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber that communicate through the gap. The first chamber corresponds to the oil-gas passage, and the second chamber corresponds to the pressure guiding hole. Through this embodiment, by providing the partition portion, when the fluid enters the adjusting cavity from the oil-gas passage, under the action of the partition portion, it is ensured that the fluid will first contact the side of the adjusting main board away from the pressure guiding hole, so that one end of the adjusting main board close to the pressure guiding hole rotates upward, and then a pressure dynamic balance is formed in the pressure regulating cavity to further adjust the adjusting main board.

[0013] In one embodiment, a first adjusting plate and a second adjusting plate that can move relative to the adjusting main board are respectively arranged at the two ends of the adjusting main board. The first adjusting plate is in sealed contact with the first cavity wall where the pressure guiding hole of the adjusting cavity is located, and the air guiding groove is opened on the first adjusting plate. The second adjusting plate is in sealed contact with the second cavity wall of the adjusting cavity opposite to the first cavity wall. Through this embodiment, it is ensured that during the rotation of the adjusting main board, the first adjusting plate and the second adjusting plate always keep in close contact with the inner wall of the adjusting cavity, improving the sealing effect.

[0014] In one embodiment, placing grooves for accommodating the first adjusting plate and the second adjusting plate are respectively arranged at the two ends of the adjusting main board. Compression springs in a compressed state are arranged in the placing grooves, and the compression springs are used to make the ends of the adjusting plates in close contact with the corresponding cavity walls of the adjusting cavity. Through this embodiment, the first adjusting plate and the second adjusting plate always keep in close contact with the inner wall of the adjusting cavity under the action of the compression springs.

[0015] In one embodiment, the paths along which all the pressure guiding holes are arranged in one direction are within the rotation plane of the adjusting main board. Through this embodiment, it is ensured that during the rotation of the adjusting main board, the adjusting plate can conduct the pressure guiding holes at different positions.

[0016] In one embodiment, an adjusting spring is connected between one end of the adjusting main board and the cavity wall of the adjusting cavity, and the adjusting spring is stretched or compressed when the adjusting main board rotates. Through this embodiment, under the action of the adjusting spring, the side of the adjusting main board close to the pressure guiding hole has a tendency to move downward, and the adjusting main board can automatically reset.

[0017] In one embodiment, a telescopic plate assembly is arranged at the first cavity wall where the pressure guiding hole is located in the adjusting cavity. One end of the telescopic plate assembly is fixed to the cavity wall of the adjusting cavity, and the other end is connected to the end of the adjusting main board. The telescopic plate assembly can be driven to expand when the adjusting main board rotates, so as to shield and seal other pressure guiding holes except the target pressure guiding hole communicated with the air guiding groove. Through this embodiment, through the telescopic plate assembly, a downward pressure can be applied to the side of the adjusting main board close to the pressure guiding hole, playing a role in resetting, and shielding and sealing other pressure guiding holes except the target pressure guiding hole communicated with the air guiding groove.

[0018] In one embodiment, the telescopic plate assembly includes a telescopic inner plate, a telescopic middle plate and a telescopic outer plate sequentially sleeved outside the telescopic inner plate, and one end of the telescopic inner plate is connected to the adjusting main board. Through this embodiment, the moving distance of the telescopic inner plate is increased to ensure that the telescopic inner plate can always be in contact with the adjusting main board.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a compressor, including the above-mentioned back pressure adjusting device, and thus having all the technical effects thereof.

[0020] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an air conditioner, including the above-mentioned compressor, and thus having all the technical effects thereof.

[0021] The above technical features can be combined in various suitable ways or replaced by equivalent technical features as long as the purpose of the present invention can be achieved.

[0022] A back pressure adjusting device, a compressor and an air conditioner of a scroll compressor provided by the present invention, compared with the prior art, at least have the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The different pressure guiding holes of the present invention are communicated with the first throttling channel, and the path lengths from each of the pressure guiding holes to the back pressure cavity through the first throttling channel are different. Thus, when fluids with different pressure magnitudes enter the regulation cavity, the corresponding pressure guiding hole channels are opened under the action of the regulation assembly. Through the action of the pressure guiding holes and the first throttling channel, the throttling capabilities are different, and the back pressure in the back pressure cavity after throttling meets the requirements. The regulated back pressure can offset the pressure in the compression cavity, enabling the dynamic and static scroll disks of the compressor to fit as closely as possible on the premise of ensuring stable operation, thereby improving the volumetric efficiency of the compressor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on embodiments with reference to the drawings. Among them:

[0025] Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional schematic view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 shows a three-dimensional schematic view of the bracket;

[0027] Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional schematic view of the bracket;

[0028] Figure 4 shows a three-dimensional structural schematic view of the first throttling pin;

[0029] Figure 5 shows an enlarged structural schematic view of the pressure regulation assembly;

[0030] Figure 6 shows a three-dimensional schematic view of the base and the regulation main board;

[0031] Figure 7 shows an enlarged schematic view of the pressure regulation assembly;

[0032] Figure 8 shows a three-dimensional schematic view of the first regulation board;

[0033] Figure 9 shows an enlarged schematic view of the telescopic board assembly.

[0034] In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. The drawings are not drawn to actual scale.

[0035] Reference Numerals:

[0036] 10. Bracket; 11. Back pressure chamber; 12. Exhaust chamber; 20. Moving scroll disk; 30. Oil-gas passage; 40. Adjustment chamber; 41. First throttle chamber; 411. First throttle pin; 412. Groove; 4121. First throttle passage; 42. Second throttle chamber; 421. Second throttle pin; 43. Pressure guiding hole; 44. First cavity; 45. Second cavity; 50. Adjustment main board; 51. Base; 52. Placing groove; 53. First adjustment board; 531. Air guiding groove; 54. Second adjustment board; 55. Compression spring; 56. Adjustment spring; 60. Partition part; 70. Telescopic plate assembly; 71. Telescopic outer plate; 72. Telescopic middle plate; 73. Telescopic inner plate. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] The present invention provides a back pressure adjustment device for a scroll compressor, including a bracket 10, a back pressure chamber 11 is formed between it and the moving scroll disk 20 of the compressor. An oil-gas passage 30 communicating the back pressure chamber 11 with the exhaust chamber 12 of the compressor is provided in the bracket 10. An adjustment chamber 40 and a first throttle passage 4121 are provided on the path of the oil-gas passage 30. The adjustment chamber 40 can communicate with the back pressure chamber 11 through the first throttle passage 4121. A plurality of pressure guiding holes 43 communicating with the first throttle passage 4121 are provided on the chamber wall on one side of the adjustment chamber 40. The path length from each pressure guiding hole 43 to the back pressure chamber 11 through the first throttle passage 4121 is different. A pressure adjustment component for controlling the conduction of one of the pressure guiding holes 43 is provided in the adjustment chamber 40.

[0040] Specifically, a housing is provided outside the bracket 10, a stationary scroll disk is provided on the bracket 10, an exhaust chamber 12 is formed between the stationary scroll disk and the housing, the moving scroll disk 20 is arranged between the stationary scroll disk and the bracket 10, the moving scroll disk 20 is connected to the drive shaft of the compressor, the moving scroll disk 20 can rotate eccentrically relative to the stationary scroll disk, a compression chamber is provided between the moving scroll disk 20 and the stationary scroll disk, a low-pressure suction chamber communicating with the compression chamber is further provided on the bracket 10, and an exhaust hole communicating with the exhaust chamber 12 is provided on the stationary scroll disk.

[0041] Embodiment 2

[0042] This embodiment is a further optimization based on Embodiment 1 as follows: The first throttling channel 4121 extends in one direction and one end thereof communicates with the back pressure chamber 11. A plurality of the pressure guiding holes 43 communicate with different positions of the first throttling channel 4121 in the extending direction. The first throttling channel 4121 is an overall spiral structure extending in one direction. The path lengths from different pressure guiding holes 43 to the back pressure chamber 11 through the first throttling channel 4121 are different. When the fluid in the exhaust chamber 12 enters the back pressure chamber 11 through different pressure guiding holes 43, the throttling effects are different, thus achieving the effect of adjusting the back pressure chamber 11.

[0043] Specifically, all the pressure guiding holes 43 have the same structure, that is, the same length and inner diameter. When different pressure guiding holes 43 are communicated with the first throttling channel 4121, the lengths of the first throttling channel 4121 between the pressure guiding holes 43 and the back pressure chamber 11 are different. The path lengths from different pressure guiding holes 43 to the back pressure chamber 11 through the first throttling channel 4121 are different. For example, when the upper end of the first throttling channel 4121 communicates with the back pressure chamber 11, the path of the pressure guiding hole 43 communicated with the lower end of the spiral structure is longer than that of the pressure guiding hole 43 communicated with the upper end of the spiral structure.

[0044] Embodiment 3

[0045] This embodiment is a further optimization based on Embodiment 2 as follows: A first throttling chamber 41 adjacent to the adjustment chamber 40 is formed in the bracket 10. A first throttling pin 411 is arranged in the first throttling chamber 41. A groove 412 extending continuously in a spiral shape is formed on the circumferential surface of the first throttling pin 411. The groove 412 and the inner wall of the first throttling chamber 41 form the first throttling channel 4121 in a spiral structure. It is convenient to arrange the first throttling channel 4121, and the first throttling pin 411 can be taken out, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement.

[0046] Specifically, a back pressure introduction channel communicating with the back pressure chamber 11 is formed at the upper end of the first throttling chamber 41. The back pressure introduction channel is communicated with the first throttling channel 4121.

[0047] Embodiment 4

[0048] This embodiment is a further optimization based on Embodiment 3 as follows: A second throttle passage having the same structure as the first throttle passage 4121 is further provided in the bracket 10. A second throttle chamber 42 is provided on the bracket 10. The second throttle chamber 42 communicates the back pressure chamber 11 with the suction chamber of the compressor to play a pressure relief role. A second throttle pin 421 having the same structure as the first throttle pin 411 is provided in the second throttle chamber 42. A second throttle passage is formed between the second throttle pin 421 and the second throttle chamber 42. Through the second throttle chamber 42 and the second throttle pin 421, a pressure relief function is achieved, and the excess pressure in the back pressure chamber 11 continues to return to the suction chamber of the compressor through the oil-gas passage for pressure relief.

[0049] Specifically, starting from the exhaust chamber 12, the gas coming to the back pressure chamber 11 through the oil-gas passage will inevitably carry refrigerant oil. This refrigerant oil lubricates and cools the main and auxiliary bearings and other parts in the back pressure chamber 11, improves the reliability of the bearings, and further improves the performance and reliability of the compressor. Subsequently, it flows back to the low-pressure chamber through the second throttle pin 421 to lubricate and cool the parts in the low-pressure chamber, which can also improve the service life of the compressor.

[0050] Embodiment 5

[0051] This embodiment is a further optimization based on Embodiment 1 as follows: The pressure regulating assembly includes a base 51 and a regulating main board 50. A gas guiding groove 531 capable of corresponding conduction with the pressure guiding hole 43 is provided on the regulating main board 50. The gas guiding groove 531 is used to connect the regulating chamber 40 with the first throttle passage 4121 through the pressure guiding hole 43. The regulating main board 50 is arranged on the base 51 and can rotate around it, so that the gas guiding groove 531 corresponds to different pressure guiding holes 43 by rotation. By rotating the regulating main board 50, the conduction effect on different pressure guiding holes 43 is realized, thereby changing the path length from the first throttle passage 4121 to the back pressure chamber 11. By providing the gas guiding groove 531, it is ensured that it can be conducted with the pressure guiding hole 43. The paths of all the pressure guiding holes 43 arranged in one direction are within the rotation plane of the regulating main board 50. It is ensured that during the rotation of the regulating main board 50, the regulating board can conduct different pressure guiding holes 43.

[0052] Specifically, when different magnitudes of forces act on both ends of the regulating main board 50, the regulating main board 50 can rotate around the base 51, so that the gas guiding groove 531 of the regulating main board 50 can be conducted with different pressure guiding holes 43. An end face sealing mechanism is further provided at the notch on the side of the gas guiding groove 531 close to the pressure guiding hole 43 to prevent gas leakage when the fluid enters the pressure guiding hole 43 through the gas guiding groove 531.

[0053] Embodiment 6

[0054] This embodiment is a further optimization based on Embodiment 5 as follows: The middle part between the two ends of the adjustment main board 50 is rotatably connected to the base 51. The periphery of the adjustment main board 50 is in sealed contact with the cavity wall of the adjustment cavity 40. One end of the adjustment main board 50 corresponds to the first cavity wall where the pressure guiding hole 43 of the adjustment cavity 40 is located and is provided with the air guiding groove 531, and the other end corresponds to the inlet where the oil and gas passage 30 enters the adjustment cavity 40. The adjustment main board 50 can rotate around the base 51 under the impact of the fluid entering the adjustment cavity 40 from the oil and gas passage 30. The rotational power of the adjustment main board 50 can be provided by the impact force of the fluid ejected in the oil and gas passage 30, and the adjustment main board 50 is kept stable after the pressure in the adjustment cavity 40 is stable, so that the adjustment main board 50 can adaptively adjust the inclination degree according to different pressure conditions in the pressure relief cavity, thereby realizing the adaptive adjustment of the pressure magnitude in the back pressure cavity 11.

[0055] Specifically, since the adjustment main board 50 rotates around the base 51, that is, the two ends of the adjustment main board 50 make circular arc motions with the distance to the rotation point as the radius. When the inner wall of the adjustment cavity 40 is a cylindrical surface adapted to the adjustment main board 50, during the rotation of the adjustment main board 50, the two ends of the adjustment main board 50 are always in sealed contact with the inner wall of the adjustment cavity 40. Rubber gaskets can be arranged around the adjustment main board 50 to improve the sealing effect.

[0056] Embodiment 7

[0057] This embodiment is a further optimization based on Embodiment 5 as follows: The adjustment main board 50 divides the adjustment cavity 40 into a first cavity 44 and a second cavity 45. The oil and gas passage 30 communicates with the first cavity 44. A partition part 60 extends from the cavity wall of the adjustment cavity 40 into the first cavity 44. There is a gap between the end of the partition part 60 and the adjustment main board 50. The partition part 60 divides the first cavity 44 into a first chamber and a second chamber that communicate through the gap. The first chamber corresponds to the oil and gas passage 30, and the second chamber corresponds to the pressure guiding hole 43. By setting the partition part 60, when the fluid enters the adjustment cavity 40 from the oil and gas passage 30, under the action of the partition part 60, it is ensured that the fluid will first contact the side of the adjustment main board 50 away from the pressure guiding hole 43, so that one end of the adjustment main board 50 close to the pressure guiding hole 43 rotates upward, and then a pressure dynamic balance is formed in the pressure regulating cavity to further adjust the adjustment main board 50 and realize the adaptive rotational adjustment of the adjustment main board 50.

[0058] Specifically, when the fluid in the exhaust cavity 12 enters the adjustment cavity 40 through the oil-gas passage 30, the adjustment cavity 40 is divided into a first cavity 44 and a second cavity 45 under the action of the adjustment main board 50. The introduced fluid is isolated in the first cavity 44. Under the action of the partition part 60, the fluid first impacts one side of the adjustment main board 50 in the first chamber, causing the end of the adjustment main board 50 near the pressure guiding hole 43 to rotate upward. The fluid accumulated in the first chamber flows along the adjustment main board 50 towards the direction close to the pressure guiding hole 43 through the gap between the partition part 60 and the adjustment main board 50. During the continuous entry of the fluid, the end of the adjustment main board 50 near the pressure guiding hole 43 will also adaptively move downward by a certain distance. At this time, the air guiding groove 531 communicates with the target pressure guiding hole 43.

[0059] When the compressor operates under the ultra-high pressure condition: the pressure in the compression cavity between the pump bodies is extremely high. The axial force pushes the moving scroll disk 20 to move away from the stationary scroll disk, which is likely to cause the separation of the moving and stationary scroll disks and lead to leakage. At this time, the back pressure introduced to the back of the moving disk should be increased to push the moving disk towards the stationary disk to prevent leakage of the pump body. When the ultra-high pressure fluid enters the adjustment cavity 40 through the oil-gas passage 30, the impact force on the end of the adjustment main board 50 away from the pressure guiding hole 43 is large. The position of the pressure guiding hole 43 communicated with the air guiding groove 531 is relatively high. The high-pressure fluid entering the pressure guiding hole 43 spirally ascends and throttles along the first throttling channel 4121. However, due to the relatively high position of the pressure guiding hole 43 where the fluid enters, it only throttles two or three turns in the first throttling channel 4121, and the throttling capacity is very small. Then the back pressure after throttling is still very high. And the axial force in the compression cavity under the ultra-high pressure condition is very large, and exactly a large back pressure is needed to balance it. The back pressure that only throttles two or three turns just meets the requirement. After completing throttling, the fluid comes to the back pressure cavity 11 and directly acts on the back of the moving scroll disk 20 to push the moving disk close to the stationary disk, so as to prevent the leakage of the pump body due to the huge axial force between the pump bodies under the ultra-high pressure condition, ensuring that the pump bodies fit as closely as possible on the premise of stable operation, achieving the effect of improving the volumetric efficiency and compression efficiency of the compressor. The excess back pressure accumulated at the back pressure cavity 11 can also flow to the low-pressure (suction) cavity for pressure relief through the second throttling pin 421 installed in the second throttling cavity 42, thereby reducing the power consumption loss of the compressor.

[0060] When the compressor operates under normal conditions: The pressure in the compression chamber between the pump bodies is relatively small, and the axial force is also relatively small. If the back pressure is too high, the moving scroll disk 20 will be subjected to a large force towards the stationary scroll disk, which is extremely likely to cause the moving and stationary scroll disks to jam, resulting in a sharp increase in the power consumption of the compressor and shutdown. At this time, the back pressure introduced to the back of the moving disk should be reduced to balance the force on the moving disk to prevent the pump body from jamming. The low-pressure fluid enters the regulating chamber 40 through the oil-gas passage 30 with a relatively small pressure, and the force impacting the side of the regulating main board 50 away from the pressure guiding hole 43 is relatively small. Under the action of the regulating spring 56, the end of the regulating main board 50 close to the pressure guiding hole 43 moves downward. At this time, the fluid enters the pressure guiding hole 43 at the lower end through the air guiding groove 531. The small-pressure gas entering the pressure guiding hole 43 spirally ascends and throttles along the first throttling passage 4121. Since the position where the gas enters the pressure guiding hole 43 is relatively low, it can throttle for more than a dozen turns in the first throttling passage 4121, and the throttling capacity is very large. Then the throttled back pressure will be relatively small. The axial force in the compression chamber under normal conditions is relatively small and requires a small back pressure to balance it. The back pressure after more than a dozen turns of throttling just meets the requirement. Then, it is throttled again by the second throttling pin 421 in the second throttling chamber 42 and then released to the low-pressure suction chamber.

[0061] Embodiment 8

[0062] This embodiment is a further optimization based on Embodiment 5 as follows: The two ends of the regulating main board 50 are respectively provided with a first regulating plate 53 and a second regulating plate 54 that can move relative to the regulating main board 50. The first regulating plate 53 is in sealing contact with the first chamber wall where the pressure guiding hole 43 of the regulating chamber 40 is located, and the air guiding groove 531 is opened on the first regulating plate 53. The second regulating plate 54 is in sealing contact with the second chamber wall of the regulating chamber 40 opposite to the first chamber wall. Ensure that during the rotation of the regulating main board 50, the first regulating plate 53 and the second regulating plate 54 always maintain close contact with the inner wall of the regulating chamber 40 to improve the sealing effect. The two ends of the regulating main board 50 are respectively provided with placement grooves 52 for accommodating the first regulating plate 53 and the second regulating plate 54. The placement grooves 52 are provided with compression springs 55 in a compressed state, and the compression springs 55 are used to make the ends of the regulating plates in close contact with the corresponding chamber walls of the regulating chamber 40. The first regulating plate 53 and the second regulating plate 54 always maintain close contact with the inner wall of the regulating chamber 40 under the action of the compression springs 55.

[0063] Specifically, when the adjustment cavity 40 is a square cavity, when the adjustment main board 50 rotates along the base 51, since the two ends of the adjustment main board 50 move in an arc, at this time, elastic compensation is carried out through the first adjustment plate 53 and the second adjustment plate 54 to ensure that the overall formed by the base 51, the first adjustment plate 53 and the second adjustment plate 54 can form a sealing structure with the inner wall of the adjustment cavity 40. Under the action of the compression spring 55, the first adjustment plate 53 and the second adjustment plate 54 always have a tendency to move closer to the side wall of the adjustment cavity 40. The contact surfaces of the first adjustment plate 53 and the second adjustment plate 54 with the inner wall of the adjustment cavity 40 are made of sealing materials, such as sealing rubber.

[0064] Embodiment 9

[0065] This embodiment is a further optimization based on Embodiment 5 as follows: An adjustment spring 56 is connected between one end of the adjustment main board 50 and the cavity wall of the adjustment cavity 40, and the adjustment spring 56 is stretched or compressed when the adjustment main board 50 rotates. Under the action of the adjustment spring 56, the side of the adjustment main board 50 close to the pressure guiding hole 43 has a tendency to move downward, and the adjustment main board 50 can automatically reset.

[0066] Specifically, whether the adjustment spring 56 is located at the end close to the pressure guiding hole 43 or at the end far from the pressure guiding hole 43, when the adjustment spring 56 is in the initial state, at this time, the end of the adjustment main board 50 close to the pressure guiding hole 43 is lower than the other end.

[0067] Embodiment 10

[0068] This embodiment is a further optimization based on Embodiment 5 as follows: A telescopic plate assembly 70 is provided at the first cavity wall where the pressure guiding hole 43 is located in the adjustment cavity 40. Relying on the gravity of the telescopic plate assembly 70 itself, the air compression force inside the telescopic plate assembly 70 can exert a downward thrust on the adjustment main board 50, thereby realizing the reset of the adjustment main board 50, etc. One end of the telescopic plate assembly 70 is fixed to the cavity wall of the adjustment cavity 40, and the other end is connected to the end of the adjustment main board 50. The telescopic plate assembly 70 can be driven to expand when the adjustment main board 50 rotates, covering and sealing other pressure guiding holes 43 except the target pressure guiding hole 43 communicated with the air guiding groove 531. Through the telescopic plate assembly 70, a downward pressure can be applied to the side of the adjustment main board 50 close to the pressure guiding hole 43, playing a role in resetting, covering and sealing other pressure guiding holes 43 except the target pressure guiding hole 43 communicated with the air guiding groove 531. The telescopic plate assembly 70 includes a telescopic inner plate 73 and a telescopic middle plate 72 and a telescopic outer plate 71 sequentially sleeved outside the telescopic inner plate 73. One end of the telescopic inner plate 73 is connected to the adjustment main board 50. The moving distance of the telescopic inner plate 73 is increased to ensure that the telescopic inner plate 73 can always be in contact with the adjustment main board 50.

[0069] Specifically, limit blocks are provided at the upper ends of the telescopic middle plate 72 and the telescopic inner plate 73. When the telescopic middle plate 72 or the telescopic inner plate 73 moves downward, the limit block of the telescopic middle plate 72 can form a limit structure with the telescopic outer plate 71, and the limit block of the telescopic inner plate 73 can form a limit structure with the telescopic middle plate 72, ensuring the integrity among the telescopic inner plate 73, the telescopic middle plate 72, and the telescopic outer plate 71 and preventing detachment during the downward movement. Ensure that the telescopic plate assembly 70 can shield and seal other pressure guiding holes 43 except the target pressure guiding hole 43 communicated with the air guiding groove 531.

[0070] Embodiment 11

[0071] The present invention provides a compressor, including the above-mentioned back pressure regulating device, and thus having all the technical effects thereof.

[0072] Embodiment 12

[0073] The present invention provides an air conditioner, including the above-mentioned compressor, and thus having all the technical effects thereof.

[0074] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0075] Although the present invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that many modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments, and other arrangements can be designed, as long as they do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that different dependent claims and the features described herein can be combined in a manner different from that described in the original claims. It should also be understood that the features described in connection with a single embodiment can be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A back-pressure regulating device for a scroll compressor, wherein the scroll compressor uses CO2 as a refrigerant, and the back-pressure regulating device includes a bracket which forms a back-pressure chamber with the orbiting scroll of the compressor. It is characterized in that, An oil-gas passage communicating the back-pressure chamber with the exhaust chamber of the compressor is provided in the bracket. A regulating chamber and a first throttling passage are provided on the path of the oil-gas passage. The regulating chamber can communicate with the back-pressure chamber through the first throttling passage. A plurality of pressure guiding holes communicating with the first throttling passage are provided on the chamber wall on one side of the regulating chamber. The path lengths from each pressure guiding hole to the back-pressure chamber through the first throttling passage are different. A pressure regulating component for controlling the conduction of one of the pressure guiding holes is arranged in the regulating chamber. The upper end of the first throttling passage communicates with the back-pressure chamber; Under ultra-high pressure conditions, the pressure regulating component can make high-pressure fluid enter the pressure guiding hole located relatively above. The high-pressure fluid spirally ascends and throttles along the first throttling passage; Under normal conditions, the pressure regulating component can make low-pressure fluid enter the pressure guiding hole located relatively below. The low-pressure fluid spirally ascends and throttles along the first throttling passage.

2. The back pressure regulating device of the scroll compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first throttling passage extends in one direction and one end thereof communicates with the back-pressure chamber. The plurality of pressure guiding holes correspondingly communicate with different positions of the first throttling passage in the extending direction.

3. The back pressure regulating device of the scroll compressor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first throttling passage is an overall spiral structure extending in one direction.

4. The back pressure regulating device of the scroll compressor according to claim 3, wherein, A first throttling chamber adjacent to the regulating chamber is formed in the bracket. A first throttling pin is arranged in the first throttling chamber. A groove extending continuously in a spiral shape is provided on the circumferential surface of the first throttling pin. The groove and the inner wall of the first throttling chamber form the first throttling passage in a spiral structure.

5. The back pressure regulating device of the scroll compressor according to claim 4, characterized in that, A second throttling passage having the same structure as the first throttling passage is further provided in the bracket. The second throttling passage communicates the back-pressure chamber with the suction chamber of the compressor to play a role in pressure relief.

6. The back pressure regulating device of the scroll compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure regulating component includes a base and a regulating main board. A gas guiding groove capable of corresponding conduction with the pressure guiding hole is provided on the regulating main board. The gas guiding groove is used to connect the regulating chamber with the first throttling passage through the pressure guiding hole. The regulating main board is arranged on the base and can rotate around it to make the gas guiding groove correspond to different pressure guiding holes through rotation.

7. The back pressure regulating device of the scroll compressor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The middle part between the two ends of the regulating main board is rotatably connected to the base. The periphery of the regulating main board is in sealing contact with the chamber wall of the regulating chamber. One end of the regulating main board corresponds to the first chamber wall where the pressure guiding hole of the regulating chamber is located and the gas guiding groove is provided, and the other end corresponds to the inlet of the oil-gas passage entering the regulating chamber. The regulating main board can rotate around the base under the impact of the fluid entering the regulating chamber from the oil-gas passage.

8. The back pressure regulating device of the scroll compressor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The regulating main board divides the regulating chamber into a first cavity and a second cavity. The oil-gas passage communicates with the first cavity. A partition portion extends from the chamber wall of the regulating chamber into the first cavity. There is a gap between the end of the partition portion and the regulating main board. The partition portion divides the first cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber communicating through the gap. The first chamber corresponds to the oil-gas passage, and the second chamber corresponds to the pressure guiding hole.

9. The back pressure regulating device of the scroll compressor according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, At both ends of the adjustment main board, a first adjustment board and a second adjustment board capable of moving relative to the adjustment main board are respectively arranged. The first adjustment board is in sealing contact with the first chamber wall where the pressure guiding hole of the adjustment chamber is located. The air guiding groove is formed on the first adjustment board. The second adjustment board is in sealing contact with the second chamber wall of the adjustment chamber opposite to the first chamber wall.

10. The back pressure regulating device of the scroll compressor according to claim 9, characterized in that, At both ends of the adjustment main board, placement grooves for accommodating the first adjustment board and the second adjustment board are respectively arranged. Compression springs in a compressed state are arranged in the placement grooves. The compression springs are used to make the ends of the adjustment boards in close contact with the corresponding chamber walls of the adjustment chamber.

11. The back pressure regulating device of a scroll compressor according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, The paths of all the pressure guiding holes arranged in one direction are within the rotation plane of the adjustment main board.

12. The back pressure regulating device of the scroll compressor according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, An adjustment spring is connected between one end of the adjustment main board and the chamber wall of the adjustment chamber. The adjustment spring is stretched or compressed when the adjustment main board rotates.

13. The back pressure regulating device of a scroll compressor according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, An expansion plate assembly is arranged at the first chamber wall where the pressure guiding hole is located in the adjustment chamber. One end of the expansion plate assembly is fixed to the chamber wall of the adjustment chamber, and the other end is connected to the end of the adjustment main board. The expansion plate assembly can be driven to expand when the adjustment main board rotates, so as to shield and seal other pressure guiding holes except the target pressure guiding hole communicated with the air guiding groove.

14. The back pressure regulating device of the scroll compressor according to claim 13, characterized in that, The expansion plate assembly includes an expansion inner plate, an expansion middle plate and an expansion outer plate sequentially sleeved outside the expansion inner plate. One end of the expansion inner plate is connected to the adjustment main board.

15. A compressor, characterized in that, It includes the back pressure adjustment device according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. An air conditioner, characterized in that, It includes the compressor according to claim 15.

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