A grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials

Abstract

The present invention discloses a grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials, wherein the lower body comprises a lower body side panel and a first refractory lining fixed to the inner surface of the lower body side panel, a heat insulation layer is provided between the first refractory lining and the lower body side panel; a grate plate is arranged in a cavity surrounded by two opposite upper body side panels and two opposite upper body end panels; a second refractory lining is provided on the inner surface and top surface of the upper body side panel, a heat insulation layer is provided between the grate plate and the upper body side panel and the upper body end panel, a heat insulation layer is provided between the grate plate and the first refractory lining and the second refractory lining, and a heat insulation layer is provided between the second refractory lining and the upper body side panel. The present invention has the characteristics of no metal grate, good heat insulation, low body temperature, etc., overcomes various problems caused by high operating temperature of metal grates and metal components of traditional trolleys, can significantly extend the service life of the trolley and reduce energy consumption of high-temperature calcination of mineral materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature calcining equipment for mineral materials, in particular to a grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcining of mineral materials. Background Art

[0002] One of the high-temperature calcination equipment for mineral materials is the trolley of the belt sintering machine used in the production of sintered ore. The production process of sintered ore produced by the belt sintering machine is mainly as follows: first, the prepared mixture is placed on the trolley, and then the fuel in the mixture is ignited and exhausted, and the mixture is sintered into sintered ore using the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion; a sintering machine contains several circulating trolleys, which operate continuously. The trolley that arrives at the tail of the sintering machine unloads the high-temperature sintered ore and then returns to the head of the sintering machine to be reloaded and enter the ignition and sintering process, and this cycle repeats.

[0003] At present, the body, rails, grates, etc. of the trolleys used in sintering ore production are mostly made of cast iron. The maximum sintering temperature of the iron ore sintering process needs to reach above 1300℃, and the maximum sintering temperature when using the low-temperature sintering process will also exceed 1200℃. At this time, the local maximum temperature of the sintering trolley rails often reaches above 850℃, the maximum working temperature of the grates often reaches above 900℃, and the temperature of the body often reaches above 350℃; the sintering trolley is cooled in the return lane where the high-temperature sintered ore is unloaded at the tail of the machine and returned to the head of the machine, and the temperature of the rails, grates, and body will drop to 100℃. It can be seen that the above-mentioned metal trolley is subjected to the impact and wear of iron ore and sintered ore during use, and the corrosion of metal components by process gases during the sintering process. At the same time, high temperature will also cause the strength of metal components to decrease, and the alternation of high temperature and low temperature will cause thermal fatigue and cracks in metal components. The combined result of these destructive factors is that the car body, railings, and especially the grates are deformed, the trolley "collapses", and the grates fail. The sealing of the trolley is reduced, the ventilation of the grates becomes worse, and the production efficiency and quality of sintered ore are affected. The service life of the sintering trolley, especially the grates, is relatively short. The use of "bottoming material" and the use of heat-resistant ductile iron, cast steel, high-chromium alloy cast iron and other materials to manufacture trolley components have achieved certain results in reducing the temperature of the grates, improving the ventilation of the bottom of the car, and increasing the service life of the grates and trolley components. However, the problems of high temperature of the trolley components, thermal fatigue, strength attenuation, and grate failure still exist. At the same time, the use of high-grade materials to manufacture the car body, railings, and grates also significantly increases the cost of the sintering machine, affecting the economic benefits of sintering production.

[0004] The belt roasting machine for roasting pellets is a kind of pellet roasting equipment developed by referring to the belt sintering machine for sintering ore. Like the belt sintering machine, the trolley of the pellet belt roasting machine is the loading equipment for ore materials (green balls). The operation mode in production is: loading green balls - drying - preheating - roasting - soaking - cooling - unloading balls - returning to the car - loading green balls. Its working condition is very similar to that of the sintering trolley, but the working temperature is higher. Therefore, the trolley of the pellet belt roasting machine still has the same defects as the sintering trolley in use, such as high temperature of the frame, railings and grates, attenuation of component strength, thermal fatigue, frame collapse, and grate failure. Although modern pellet belt roasting machine trolleys use high-temperature resistant alloy steel, use bottom material to lower the grate temperature, use side material to lower the railing temperature to prevent the railing from burning, and other measures have achieved results, the aforementioned defects caused by high trolley component temperature and thermal fatigue still exist, and the high-temperature resistant alloy steel trolleys and grates are expensive and significantly increase equipment investment.

[0005] Chinese patent CN110628244B discloses a high-temperature energy-saving anti-corrosion coating for sintering trolley metal baffle and its application method. The invention includes a fine slurry made of zircon powder, silicon carbide powder, mullite powder, ball clay, spodumene, metallic silicon, magnesium aluminum silicate gel powder, and water, which is sprayed or applied on the metal surface of the baffle to form a high-temperature resistant energy-saving anti-corrosion ceramic coating. The thickness of the spraying or application is 1-2mm to reflect the heat of the material layer, reduce the internal temperature of the baffle, and protect the inner wall of the metal baffle from corrosion. Although the thermal conductivity and thermal radiation receiving rate of this anti-corrosion ceramic coating are lower than those of the baffle metal, it has the effect of reducing the temperature of the baffle metal and inhibiting the corrosion of the baffle metal, but because the thickness is only 1-2mm, it cannot significantly reduce the temperature of the trolley baffle, and therefore cannot effectively solve the technical defects such as high temperature and thermal fatigue damage of the trolley baffle.

[0006] Chinese patent CN108727048B discloses a metal-ceramic composite sintering machine grate bar and its preparation method. The invention utilizes the performance characteristics of Al2O3-SiO2 mullite ceramics and heat-resistant steel fibers to make a composite grate bar with a higher use temperature than a simple metal grate bar. It also has the characteristics of high strength and high wear resistance of ceramic materials and good toughness of steel fibers, and can obtain a better use effect than a simple metal casting grate. However, due to the different thermal expansion properties of steel fibers and Al2O3-SiO2 mullite ceramics, fine cracks will appear in the Al2O3-SiO2 ceramic body under high temperature and hot and cold cycle conditions. These fine cracks will gradually develop with the extension of working time and the increase of hot and cold cycle times, resulting in the Al2O3-SiO2 ceramic body being broken and peeled off, and finally the grate bar gap is enlarged, bending and other failure problems occur.

[0007] Chinese patent application CN114195409A discloses a trolley with a heat storage layer. In the patent application, a heat storage layer made of refractory material is set between the high-temperature calcined material and the grate bars. Since there is heat exchange between this heat storage layer and the calcination wind passing through the heat storage layer, the temperature of the calcination tail wind discharged from the bottom of the heat storage layer can be reduced, that is, the temperature of the calcination tail wind contacted by the grate bars is relatively low. Since the heat exchange amount between the calcination tail wind and the heat storage layer is related to the wind speed, flow time, heat storage layer density and thermal performance and heat exchange surface shape characteristics, the effect of this heat storage layer in reducing the calcination tail wind, that is, controlling the temperature of the tail wind below the safe temperature of the grate bar metal, remains to be verified. Moreover, the grate bars of this trolley still have the defects of hot and cold cycles and thermal fatigue.

[0008] The Chinese patent application CN114195409A discloses a trolley with a heat storage layer, which proposes a refractory heat storage layer made of refractory bricks or a refractory heat storage layer including multiple refractory heat storage balls. Although this structure has a certain effect in reducing the tail wind temperature discharged from the refractory heat storage layer, the metal car body and the metal support beams in the refractory heat storage balls are still in direct contact with the high-temperature gas flowing through the refractory heat storage layer. Their operating temperature is still high, and there are still problems such as deformation, strength attenuation, gas corrosion, and thermal fatigue.

[0009] A trolley with a heat storage layer disclosed in Chinese patent application CN114195409A indicates that a side heat insulation guard plate can be inlaid on the trolley guard plate, replacing the original method of circulating the side material for the trolley during the working process, and using the heat insulation method to protect the trolley guard plate, so that the special equipment and screening equipment for laying the side material in the existing belt roasting machine technology can be eliminated, and the heat insulation guard plate only needs to have good high temperature resistance and heat insulation capacity. During the production process, the side wall of the trolley of the belt roasting machine will be subjected to the impact and wear of loading green balls, the wear of unloading pellets, the corrosion of high temperature roasting process gas, the high temperature above 1200℃ and the thermal fatigue caused by a large range of cold and hot cycles. If only the side heat insulation guard plate with good high temperature resistance and heat insulation capacity is inlaid on the trolley guard plate, the guard plate will have the defects of short life, increased daily maintenance and production cost under the comprehensive influence of the impact and wear of green balls and pellets, the corrosion of process gas, and the thermal fatigue.

[0010] In summary, the current trolleys and grates of the belt sintering machines for sintered ore and the belt roasting machines for pelletized ore have defects such as component deformation, strength attenuation, thermal fatigue breakage, and grate failure due to high operating temperatures, large temperature difference hot and cold cycles, etc.; although the patents or patent applications that have been published provide technical solutions to reduce the temperature of the trolley and the grate, their effects are limited or need to be verified. Analyzing these defects, the high operating temperature of the trolley is the core reason for the problems of traditional trolleys. If the temperature of the trolley and the grate can be reduced to below the safe temperature of commonly used metals, the technical defects of the trolley deformation, strength attenuation, and grate failure of the background technology can be overcome. To this end, we have introduced a grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials. Summary of the invention

[0011] The object of the present invention is to provide a grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0012] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials, comprising a wheel set, a lower car body, an upper car body and a grate plate, wherein the lower car body is supported by the wheel set, and the upper car body is supported by the lower car body, wherein the lower car body comprises a lower car body side plate and a first refractory lining fixed to the inner surface of the lower car body side plate, and a heat insulating layer is provided between the first refractory lining and the lower car body side plate;

[0013] The upper body includes an upper body side plate and an upper body end plate, and the grate plate is arranged in a cavity surrounded by two opposite upper body side plates and two opposite upper body end plates;

[0014] The inner surface and top surface of the upper body side panel are provided with a second refractory lining, a heat insulation layer is provided between the second refractory lining and the upper body side panel, a heat insulation layer is provided between the grate plate and the upper body side panel and the upper body end plate, a heat insulation layer is provided between the grate plate and the first refractory lining and the second refractory lining, and the upper body is connected to the lower body via a first connecting assembly.

[0015] The first refractory lining is made of refractory bricks, connected to the lower body side panel via a second connecting assembly penetrating the lower body side panel or embedded in a first groove on the inner surface of the lower body side panel, and is also supported on a first bottom convex edge of the lower body side panel.

[0016] The first refractory lining is formed by casting or spraying an amorphous refractory material, and the inner surface of the lower body side panel is provided with a first anchor that passes through the insulation layer and extends into the first refractory lining, or the inner surface of the lower body side panel is provided with a first groove in which the first refractory lining is embedded, or the inner surface of the lower body side panel has both the first anchor and the first groove, and the first refractory lining is also supported on the first bottom protrusion of the lower body side panel.

[0017] The grate plate is connected to the upper body side plate through a third connecting assembly or embedded in a second groove on the inner surface of the upper body side plate. The grate plate is also supported on the second bottom convex edge of the upper body side plate and the top surface of the upper body end plate.

[0018] The grate plate is a fire-resistant plate composed of a breathable portion and solid portions around it. The breathable portion has a first airflow channel for airflow to pass through. The first airflow channel is a channel with a circular or polygonal cross-sectional shape or a combination of an arc and a rectangle, and the upper and lower openings are the same size, or a conical channel with an upper opening size smaller than the lower opening size.

[0019] The grating plate is composed of a refractory box body and a gas permeable material located inside the refractory box body. A second airflow channel is provided at the top of the refractory box body, and a third airflow channel is provided at the bottom of the refractory box body. The permeable gas is composed of a fourth airflow channel between a plurality of spheres or polyhedrons and spheres or between polyhedrons, or is composed of a fourth airflow channel between spheres and polyhedrons and between spheres and polyhedrons.

[0020] The second refractory lining is made of refractory bricks, and is connected to the upper body side panel through a fourth connecting component that passes through the upper body side panel or is embedded in a third groove on the inner surface of the upper body side panel. The second refractory lining is also supported on the grate plate and the top surface of the upper body side panel.

[0021] The second refractory lining is formed by casting or spraying an amorphous refractory material, and the inner surface of the upper body side panel is provided with a second anchor passing through the insulation layer and extending into the second refractory lining, or the inner surface of the upper body side panel is provided with a third groove embedded in the second refractory lining, or the inner surface of the upper body side panel has both the second anchor and the third groove, and the second refractory lining is also supported on the grate plate and the top surface of the upper body side panel.

[0022] The heat insulation layer is made of refractory fiberboard, refractory fiber felt, refractory fiber cotton, or is made of heat insulation bricks.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention adopts a refractory lining and a heat-insulating layer on the inner side of the trolley and firmly connects the trolley body; the refractory lining has the characteristics of high strength, wear resistance, erosion resistance, low thermal conductivity, etc.; the heat-insulating layer has the characteristics of lower thermal conductivity and ability to absorb thermal expansion, etc.; the matching of the refractory lining and the heat-insulating layer can reduce the temperature of the upper and lower car bodies to below 200°C; the refractory lining can also effectively resist the impact, wear, and corrosion of process gases of mineral raw materials and calcined products, and overcomes the problems of strength attenuation, deformation, thermal fatigue damage, etc. of traditional trolley body components caused by high temperature, and can significantly extend the service life of the trolley and reduce the inspection and maintenance of the trolley components;

[0024] At the same time, the present invention replaces the metal grates of the traditional trolley with a refractory grate plate made of refractory material or a grate plate composed of a refractory box body and a permeable gas therein, which completely solves the problems of strength attenuation, deformation, thermal fatigue, and failure of the metal grates when they work in a high temperature and hot and cold alternating environment for a long time. At the same time, the composite trolley provided by the present invention has a small heat dissipation loss and also has the effect of reducing the energy consumption of high-temperature calcination of mineral materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of a grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Left half section view;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of a grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials according to Example 2 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A top view of

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Left half section view of

[0031] Figure 7 It is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of a grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials according to Example 3 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A top view of

[0033] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 Left half section view;

[0034] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the grate plate containing spheres;

[0035] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Left sectional view of

[0036] Fig.12 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the grate plate containing polyhedrons.

[0037] In the figure: 1, wheel set; 2, lower body; 3, upper body; 4, insulation layer; 5, grating plate; 6, third connecting component; 7, first connecting component; 21, second connecting component; 22, lower body side panel; 23, first refractory lining; 31, fourth connecting component; 32, upper body side panel; 33, upper body end plate; 34, second refractory lining; 51, breathable portion; 52, solid portion; 53, refractory box; 54, gas permeable portion; 221, first bottom flange; 222, first groove; 223, first anchor; 321, second bottom flange; 322, second groove; 323, third groove; 324, second anchor; 511, first air flow channel; 531, second air flow channel; 532, third air flow channel; 541, sphere; 542, polyhedron; 543, fourth air flow channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1: See Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention provides a grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials, comprising a wheel set 1, a lower body 2, an upper body 3, a heat insulation layer 4, a grate plate 5, the lower body 2 being supported by the wheel set 1, and the upper body 3 being supported by the lower body 2. A first refractory lining 23 is fixed to the inner surface of the lower body side panel 22, and a heat insulation layer 4 is provided between the first refractory lining 23 and the lower body side panel 22. A grating plate 5 is provided in the cavity surrounded by two opposite upper body side panels 32 and two opposite upper body end panels 33, and a heat insulation layer 4 is provided between the grating plate 5 and the upper body side panels 32 and the upper body end panels 33, as well as the first refractory lining 23 and the second refractory lining 34. A second refractory lining 34 is provided on the inner surface and top surface of the upper body side panel 32, and a heat insulation layer 4 is provided between the second refractory lining 34 and the upper body side panel 32. The upper body 3 is connected to the lower body 2 via a first connecting assembly 7. The first connecting assembly 7 is a bolt, a nut, and a washer.

[0040] The first refractory lining 23 is made of refractory bricks and connected to the lower body side panel 22 through the second connecting assembly 21 penetrating the lower body side panel 22. The first refractory lining 23 is also supported on the first bottom flange 221 of the lower body side panel 22. The second connecting assembly 21 is a bolt, a nut, and a washer. When manufacturing the refractory bricks that form the first refractory lining 23, nuts or bolts are pre-embedded in the refractory bricks.

[0041] The grate plate 5 is connected to the upper vehicle body side plate 32 through the third connecting component 6. The grate plate 5 is also supported on the second bottom flange 321 of the upper vehicle body side plate 32 and the top surface of the upper vehicle body end plate 33. The third connecting component 6 is a bolt, a nut, and a washer. When manufacturing the grate plate 5, nuts or bolts are embedded in the grate plate 5.

[0042] The grate plate 5 is a fire-resistant plate composed of a permeable portion 51 and surrounding solid portions 52 . The permeable portion 51 has a first airflow channel 511 for airflow to pass through.

[0043] The first air flow channel 511 is a conical channel with a circular cross-section and an upper opening that is smaller than a lower opening.

[0044] The second refractory lining 34 is made of refractory bricks and connected to the upper body side plate 32 through the fourth connecting assembly 31 penetrating the upper body side plate 32. The second refractory lining 34 is also supported on the grate plate 5 and the top surface of the upper body side plate 32. The second connecting assembly 21 is a bolt, a nut, and a washer. When manufacturing the refractory bricks that form the second refractory lining 34, nuts or bolts are embedded in the refractory bricks.

[0045] The heat insulation layer 4 is a fire-resistant fiberboard.

[0046] Example 2: See attached Figure 4 -Attached Figure 6 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0047] The first refractory lining 23 is cast from an amorphous refractory material, and the inner surface of the lower vehicle body side panel 22 is provided with a first groove 222 into which the first refractory lining 23 is embedded.

[0048] The grate plate 5 is embedded in the second groove 322 on the inner surface of the upper body side plate 32 , and the grate plate 5 is also supported on the second bottom convex edge 321 of the upper body side plate 32 and the top surface of the upper body end plate 33 .

[0049] The first air flow channel 511 is a channel with a polygonal cross-section and the same size of upper and lower openings.

[0050] The second refractory lining 34 is cast from an amorphous refractory material, and a third groove 323 is provided on the inner surface of the upper body side panel 32 for embedding the second refractory lining 34 . The second refractory lining 34 is also supported on the refractory grate plate 5 and the top surface of the upper body side panel 32 .

[0051] The heat insulation layer 4 is refractory fiber felt.

[0052] Example 3: See attached Figure 7 -Attached Fig. 9 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0053] The first refractory lining 23 is sprayed with an amorphous refractory material. The inner surface of the lower body side panel 22 has a first anchor 223 that passes through the insulation layer 4 and extends into the first refractory lining 23. The first refractory lining 23 is also supported on a first bottom flange 221 of the lower body side panel 22.

[0054] The grate plate 5 is embedded in the second groove 322 on the inner surface of the upper body side plate 32 , and the grate plate 5 is also supported on the second bottom convex edge 321 of the upper body side plate 32 and the top surface of the upper body end plate 33 .

[0055] The first air flow channel 511 is a channel whose cross-sectional shape is a combination of an arc and a rectangle and whose upper and lower sides have the same size.

[0056] The second refractory lining 34 is sprayed with amorphous refractory material. The inner surface of the upper body side panel 32 has a second anchor 324 that passes through the insulation layer 4 and extends into the second refractory lining 34. The second refractory lining 34 is also supported on the grate plate 5 and the top surface of the upper body side panel 32.

[0057] The heat insulation layer 4 is refractory fiber felt.

[0058] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the grate plate 5 can also be selected as: composed of a refractory box body 53 and a gas permeable gas 54 located in the refractory box body 53, the top of the refractory box body 53 has a through second airflow channel 531, the bottom of the refractory box body 53 has a through third airflow channel 532, and the gas permeable gas 54 is composed of a plurality of spheres 541 and a fourth airflow channel 543 between the spheres 541, see the attached Fig.10 and attached Fig.11 .

[0059] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the grate plate 5 can also be selected as: composed of a refractory box body 53 and a gas permeable gas 54 located in the refractory box body 53, the top of the refractory box body 53 has a through second airflow channel 531, the bottom of the refractory box body 53 has a through third airflow channel 532, and the gas permeable gas 54 is composed of a plurality of polyhedrons 542 and a fourth airflow channel 543 between the polyhedrons 542, see the attached Fig.12 .

[0060] The present invention provides a grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials, which can be used for iron ore sintering, pellet calcination, quicklime calcination, refractory product sintering, etc. During implementation, steel fibers can be added to the first refractory lining 23, the second refractory lining 34, and the refractory grate plate 5 to improve the pressure resistance and flexural resistance of these refractory materials.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials, comprising a wheel set (1), a lower car body (2), an upper car body (3) and a grate plate (5), wherein the lower car body (2) is supported by the wheel set (1), and the upper car body (3) is supported by the lower car body (2), and characterized in that: The lower vehicle body (2) comprises a lower vehicle body side panel (22) and a first refractory lining (23) fixed to the inner surface of the lower vehicle body side panel (22), and a heat insulation layer (4) is provided between the first refractory lining (23) and the lower vehicle body side panel (22); The upper vehicle body (3) comprises an upper vehicle body side plate (32) and an upper vehicle body end plate (33), and the grate plate (5) is arranged in a cavity surrounded by two opposite upper vehicle body side plates (32) and two opposite upper vehicle body end plates (33); A second refractory lining (34) is provided on the inner surface and the top surface of the upper vehicle body side panel (32); a heat insulating layer (4) is provided between the second refractory lining (34) and the upper vehicle body side panel (32); a heat insulating layer (4) is provided between the grate plate (5) and the upper vehicle body side panel (32) and the upper vehicle body end panel (33); a heat insulating layer (4) is provided between the grate plate (5) and the first refractory lining (23) and the second refractory lining (34); and the upper vehicle body (3) is connected to the lower vehicle body (2) via a first connecting assembly (7); The first refractory lining (23) is made of refractory bricks, the first refractory lining (23) is connected to the lower body side panel (22) through a second connecting assembly (21) penetrating the lower body side panel (22) or is embedded in a first groove (222) on the inner surface of the lower body side panel (22), and the first refractory lining (23) is also supported on a first bottom flange (221) of the lower body side panel (22); The first refractory lining (23) is formed by casting or spraying an amorphous refractory material, the inner surface of the lower body side panel (22) is provided with a first anchor (223) that passes through the heat insulation layer (4) and extends into the first refractory lining (23), or the inner surface of the lower body side panel (22) is provided with a first groove (222) in which the first refractory lining (23) is embedded, or the inner surface of the lower body side panel (22) has both the first anchor (223) and the first groove (222), and the first refractory lining (23) is also supported on a first bottom flange (221) of the lower body side panel (22); The grate plate (5) is composed of a refractory box body (53) and a gas-permeable gas (54) located in the refractory box body (53), the top of the refractory box body (53) is provided with a through second air flow channel (531), and the bottom of the refractory box body (53) is provided with a through third air flow channel (532).

2. The grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grate plate (5) is connected to the upper vehicle body side plate (32) via a third connection assembly (6) or is embedded in a second groove (322) on the inner surface of the upper vehicle body side plate (32). The grate plate (5) is also supported on a second bottom convex edge (321) of the upper vehicle body side plate (32) and on a top surface of the upper vehicle body end plate (33).

3. The grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grate plate (5) is a fireproof plate composed of a permeable portion (51) and surrounding solid portions (52). The permeable portion (51) has a first airflow channel (511) for airflow to pass through. The first airflow channel (511) is a channel with a cross-sectional shape of a circle, a polygon, or a combination of a circle and a rectangle, and with upper and lower openings of the same size or a tapered channel with an upper opening smaller than a lower opening.

4. The grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second refractory lining (34) is made of refractory bricks, and the second refractory lining (34) is connected to the upper vehicle body side panel (32) via a fourth connecting assembly (31) penetrating the upper vehicle body side panel (32) or is embedded in a third groove (323) on the inner surface of the upper vehicle body side panel (32), and the second refractory lining (34) is also supported on the grate plate (5) and the top surface of the upper vehicle body side panel (32).

5. The grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second refractory lining (34) is formed by casting or spraying an amorphous refractory material, and the inner surface of the upper vehicle body side panel (32) is provided with a second anchor (324) that passes through the heat insulation layer (4) and extends into the second refractory lining (34), or the inner surface of the upper vehicle body side panel (32) is provided with a third groove (323) that is embedded in the second refractory lining (34), or the inner surface of the upper vehicle body side panel (32) has both the second anchor (324) and the third groove (323), and the second refractory lining (34) is also supported on the grate plate (5) and the top surface of the upper vehicle body side panel (32).

6. The grate-free composite trolley for high-temperature calcination of mineral materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulating layer (4) is made of a fire-resistant fiberboard, a fire-resistant fiber felt, a fire-resistant fiber cotton, or is made of heat insulating bricks.

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