A loading and unloading tooling that can load and unload workpieces bidirectionally and clamp and release them

Abstract

The present invention discloses a loading and unloading tooling capable of double-directional loading and workpiece pressing and releasing, comprising: a workbench; a pressing device disposed on the upper side of the workbench, including a first driving member and a pressing member connected to its output end; a transfer assembly for placing workpieces and provided with a positioning structure for laterally positioning the workpieces. The transfer assembly is slidably disposed on the workbench in the front-back direction and connected with a second driving member for driving its front-back sliding. The transfer assembly can receive workpieces on both the front and back sides of the pressing device; wherein, the transfer assembly can slide to the lower side of the pressing device to vertically align the pressing member with the workpiece, and at the same time the first driving member can drive the pressing member to move vertically to press or release the workpiece. The workbench, the pressing member, and the transfer assembly are all provided with hole positions for the tool to pass vertically. The present invention has the advantages of improving production efficiency and machining accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of broaching machines, and particularly relates to a loading and unloading tooling capable of double-directionally loading and unloading and clamping and releasing workpieces. Background Art

[0002] In order to reduce labor intensity, existing broaching machines generally adopt an automatic loading and unloading method. Workpieces are placed on the tooling by a manipulator or other automation equipment and then transported to the processing position for processing. However, existing broaching machines generally load and unload from one end. Once the automation equipment fails and needs to be maintained, workpieces cannot be loaded and unloaded, which will undoubtedly reduce production efficiency. In addition, during the processing of existing broaching machines, workpieces are prone to movement, resulting in low processing accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this purpose, the present invention provides a loading and unloading tooling capable of double-directionally loading and unloading and clamping and releasing workpieces, which can improve production efficiency and processing accuracy.

[0004] The loading and unloading tooling capable of double-directionally loading and unloading and clamping and releasing workpieces according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a workbench; a clamping device disposed on the upper side of the workbench, including a first driving member and a clamping member connected to the output end thereof; a transfer assembly for placing workpieces and provided with a positioning structure for laterally positioning workpieces. The transfer assembly is slidably disposed on the workbench in the front-back direction and is connected to a second driving member for driving its front-back sliding. The transfer assembly can receive workpieces on both the front and back sides of the clamping device. Wherein, the transfer assembly can slide to the lower side of the clamping device, and align the clamping member vertically with the workpiece. At the same time, the first driving member can drive the clamping member to move vertically to clamp or release the workpiece. The workbench, the clamping member, and the transfer assembly are all provided with hole positions for the tool to pass vertically.

[0005] The loading and unloading tooling capable of double-directionally loading and unloading and clamping and releasing workpieces according to an embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0006] By providing a transfer assembly and a clamping device, the transfer assembly can place and transport workpieces to the lower side of the clamping device, and the clamping device can clamp the workpieces, thereby preventing the workpieces from moving during processing to improve processing accuracy. In addition, the transfer assembly can receive workpieces on both the front and back sides of the clamping device, so that when the automation loading and unloading equipment on one side is under maintenance, manual loading and unloading can be performed from the other side, thus avoiding line stoppage and improving production efficiency.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the transfer assembly includes a transfer rack and a support base that can slide synchronously. The transfer rack is connected to the output end of the second driving member. The support base is detachably disposed on the transfer rack. The support base is used to support the workpiece, and the positioning structure is disposed on the support base.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the workbench is provided with a support bottom plate extending in the front-back direction. The support bottom plate is provided with a first guide rail extending in the front-back direction. The lower surface of the support base is attached to the upper surface of the support bottom plate and is provided with an orientation groove that cooperates with the first guide rail. The transfer rack is provided with a limiting plate for abutting and limiting the upper end of the support base. The transfer rack is provided with tightening screws on both the front and rear sides of the support base. Both of the two tightening screws are threadedly inserted through the transfer rack in the front-back direction and are respectively used to abut against the front and rear ends of the support base.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the transfer rack is provided with a connecting rod, a connecting frame, and two pushing plates. The connecting rod and the connecting frame are respectively disposed on both the front and rear sides of the support base, and both are provided with the limiting plate and the tightening screws. The two pushing plates are arranged at intervals in the left-right direction. Both ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the ends of the two pushing plates. One end of the connecting frame is rotatably connected to the middle of one of the pushing plates, and the rotation center axis extends in the front-back direction. The other end is locked to the middle of the other pushing plate through a first locking mechanism. The first locking mechanism can elastically move to release the locking of the connecting frame, so that the connecting frame can rotate to avoid the front-back sliding path of the support base.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the transfer assembly has a first assembled state and a second assembled state. When in the first assembled state, the connecting rod is detachably connected to the front ends of the two pushing plates. When in the second assembled state, the connecting rod is detachably connected to the rear ends of the two pushing plates. And when the transfer assembly is in the first assembled state or the second assembled state, the support base is mounted and limited between the connecting rod and the connecting frame.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, two mounting positions are symmetrically provided on both the front and rear sides of the connecting frame, and both can be used to mount the limiting plate and the tightening screws.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pressing member is provided with a pressing ring and a pressing plate. The pressing ring is detachably disposed under the pressing plate. The lower surface of the pressing ring is used to abut against the workpiece. The pressing plate is connected to the output end of the first driving member.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pressing member is provided with a cleaning structure for cleaning the lower surface of the pressing ring.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a second guide rail fixedly connected thereto is provided on the lower side of the pressing plate. A sliding plate is slidably provided on the second guide rail in the front-back direction. An embedding groove is provided on the upper surface of the sliding plate. A through hole is provided on the bottom wall of the embedding groove. A flange is provided at the upper end of the pressing ring. The pressing ring passes through the through hole and the flange is embedded in the embedding groove. A pressing member that abuts against the upper end of the pressing ring is provided on the pressing plate, and a limiting member that abuts against and limits the front end of the sliding plate is provided. A second locking mechanism is provided between the pressing plate and the sliding plate for locking the sliding plate to limit its backward sliding relative to the second guide rail. The second locking mechanism can release the locking of the sliding plate so that the sliding plate and the pressing ring can slide to disengage from the second guide rail.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second locking mechanism is provided with a limiting plunger and a locking rod. A locking block is provided at the lower end of the pressing plate. A part of the limiting plunger protrudes from the front end of the locking block. A locking seat is provided at the rear end of the sliding plate. The locking rod is movably passed through the locking seat. A locking head is provided at the front end of the locking rod. A locking hole is provided in the locking head. The limiting plunger is embedded in the locking hole. The locking rod is threadedly connected with a locking nut for abutting against the rear end of the locking seat so that the limiting plunger maintains the state of being embedded in the locking hole.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, where:

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transfer assembly in the first assembled state of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transfer assembly in the second assembled state of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is an exploded view of the transfer assembly in the first assembled state of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressing member of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the pressing member of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is an exploded view of the pressure ring and the slide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Workbench 100, support base plate 110, first guide rail 120;

[0026] Pressing device 200, first driving member 210, pressing member 220, pressure ring 230, flange 231, water passage 232, pressing plate 240, locking block 241, second guide rail 250, slide plate 260, slot 261, through hole 262, lock seat 263, abutting member 270, water trough 271, water inlet pipe 272, limiting member 280, second locking mechanism 290, limiting plunger 291, locking rod 292, locking head 293, locking hole 294, locking nut 295;

[0027] Transfer assembly 300, positioning structure 301, transfer frame 310, connecting rod 311, connecting frame 312, pushing plate 313, installation position 314, jack 315, support seat 320, orientation groove 321, mating surface 322, limiting plate 330, tightening screw 340, first locking mechanism 350;

[0028] Second driving member 400;

[0029] Water storage cover 500, water storage cavity 501, water outlet gap 502. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as up, down, etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means more than two. If the first and second are described only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or the sequence of the indicated technical features.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0034] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a loading and unloading tool capable of bidirectional loading and clamping and releasing workpieces according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a workbench 100, a clamping device 200, and a transfer assembly 300.

[0035] The clamping device 200 is disposed on the upper side of the workbench 100. The clamping device 200 includes a first driving member 210 and a clamping member 220 connected to its output end. Specifically, the first driving member 210 is used to drive the clamping member 220 to rise and fall. It is conceivable that the first driving member 210 can be a cylinder or an oil cylinder.

[0036] The transfer assembly 300 is used to place the workpiece. The transfer assembly 300 is provided with a positioning structure 301 for lateral positioning of the workpiece to prevent the workpiece from moving laterally. The transfer assembly 300 can be slidably arranged on the workbench 100 and connected to a second driving member 400 for driving it to slide forward and backward to transport the workpiece. The transfer assembly 300 can receive the workpiece on both sides of the front and rear of the clamping device 200, that is, it can load and unload materials from both ends. It can be understood that an automated device can be set on the front side of the clamping device 200 for automatic loading and unloading, and the rear side is used for manual loading and unloading. When the automated device is damaged and repaired, it can be loaded and unloaded manually from the rear side to improve production efficiency and avoid its reduction. It is conceivable that the second driving member 400 can be a rodless cylinder assembly or a motor screw assembly. It should be noted that the positioning structure 301 needs to match the workpiece setting. For example, when processing an annular workpiece, the positioning structure 301 can be a plurality of positioning columns arranged in a circle. The positioning structure 301 can have a variety of settings, which are not described one by one here.

[0037] Among them, the transfer assembly 300 can slide to the lower side of the clamping device 200 and align the clamping member 220 vertically with the workpiece. At the same time, the first driving member 210 can drive the clamping member 220 to move vertically to clamp or loosen the workpiece. The clamping member 220 clamps the workpiece to limit the vertical jump of the workpiece and prevent it from rotating, thereby improving the processing accuracy. It is obvious that the workbench 100, the clamping member 220 and the transfer assembly 300 are all provided with holes for the tool to pass vertically to avoid interference.

[0038] The loading and unloading tooling capable of double-directional loading and workpiece clamping and releasing in the embodiments of the present invention is provided with a transfer assembly 300 and a clamping device 200. The transfer assembly 300 can place and transport workpieces to the lower side of the clamping device 200, and the clamping device 200 can clamp the workpieces, so as to prevent the workpieces from moving during processing and improve the processing accuracy. In addition, the transfer assembly 300 can receive workpieces on both the front and rear sides of the clamping device 200. Therefore, when the automated loading and unloading equipment on one side is under maintenance, manual loading and unloading can be carried out from the other side, thus avoiding line stoppage and improving production efficiency.

[0039] It can be foreseen that an induction component is provided between the workbench 100 and the transfer assembly 300, which is used to sense the position of the transfer assembly 300 and control the second driving member 400 to stop driving through a controller, so that the transfer assembly 300 can stop in the corresponding area (processing area or loading and unloading area). The induction component can have various structural forms. For example, it can adopt the cooperation of an induction block and an induction switch, which is a common structure in the prior art and will not be elaborated here one by one. In addition, in order to make the transfer assembly 300 stop smoothly, a buffer device can also be set to buffer the transfer assembly 300. For example, the cooperation of a buffer and a buffer block, or other forms, which is also a common structure in the prior art and will not be elaborated here one by one.

[0040] Refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it can be understood that the transfer assembly 300 includes a transfer rack 310 and a support seat 320 that can slide synchronously. The transfer rack 310 is connected to the output end of the second driving member 400. The support seat 320 is detachably arranged on the transfer rack 310. The support seat 320 is used to support the workpiece, and a positioning structure 301 is arranged on the support seat 320. By setting the transfer assembly 300 in a split manner, the support seat 320 is used to support the workpiece. Therefore, when different workpieces need to be processed, only the support seat 320 needs to be replaced, and there is no need to replace the entire transfer assembly 300, which makes the operation simpler and can reduce the line stoppage time.

[0041] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, it can be understood that the workbench 100 is provided with a support bottom plate 110 extending forward and backward. The support bottom plate 110 is provided with a first guide rail 120 extending forward and backward. The lower surface of the support seat 320 is attached to the upper surface of the support bottom plate 110. The support seat 320 is supported and limited by the support bottom plate 110. The support seat 320 is also provided with an orientation groove 321 that cooperates with the first guide rail 120. Specifically, the cross-sectional shape and size of the first guide rail 120 and the orientation groove 321 match, and both are square. The first guide rail 120 is embedded in the orientation groove 321 to limit the left-right displacement of the support seat 320 and guide its forward-backward sliding; a limiting plate 330 for abutting against the upper end of the support seat 320 is provided on the transfer rack 310 to cooperate with the support bottom plate 110 to vertically limit the support seat 320. Tightening screws 340 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the transfer rack 310 with respect to the support seat 320. The two tightening screws 340 are both threadedly inserted through the transfer rack 310 in the front-back direction. The two tightening screws 340 are respectively used to abut against the front and rear ends of the support seat 320 to limit the front-back displacement of the support seat 320, so that the support seat 320 can be relatively fixed to the transfer rack 310, enabling the two to slide synchronously. The structure is simple and practical. Obviously, both the support bottom plate 110 and the workbench 100 are provided with hole positions for the tool to pass through. The first guide rail 120 is interrupted at the hole position of the support bottom plate 110 for the tool to pass through to avoid interference.

[0042] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, it can be understood that the transfer frame 310 is provided with a connecting rod 311, a connecting frame 312, and two push plates 313. The connecting rod 311 and the connecting frame 312 are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the support seat 320, and the connecting rod 311 and the connecting frame 312 are installed with a limit plate 330 and a tightening screw 340. Specifically, in this embodiment, two limit plates 330 are also provided, which are respectively installed on the connecting rod 311 and the connecting frame 312 by screws to improve the limiting effect. In addition, vertical matching surfaces 322 are provided at the front and rear ends of the support seat 320 for abutting against the tightening screws 340; the two push plates 313 are arranged at intervals on the left and right. Specifically, in this embodiment, two second driving members 400 are arranged at intervals on the left and right, and the two push plates 313 are respectively connected to the output ends of the two second driving members 400; further, the two ends of the connecting rod 311 are respectively connected to the ends of the two push plates 313, The first locking mechanism 350 can be elastically moved to release the lock on the connecting frame 312, so that the connecting frame 312 can be rotated to avoid the front and rear sliding path of the support seat 320. It can be understood that when the support seat 320 needs to be replaced, the first locking mechanism 350 can be elastically moved to release the lock on the connecting frame 312, and then the connecting frame 312 can be rotated to avoid the front and rear sliding path of the support seat 320, and then the support seat 320 can be slid along the first guide rail 120 to disengage the support seat 320 from the lower side of the limit plate 330 on the connecting rod 311, so that the support seat 320 can be taken out upward, and the operation is quick and convenient.

[0043] In some specific embodiments, the first locking mechanism 350 is a reset-type knob plunger, which can be elastically mounted on the push plate 313 and move forward and backward. One end of the connecting frame 312 is provided with a socket 315 that passes through the front and back. The reset-type knob plunger is partially inserted into the socket 315 to limit the rotation of the connecting frame 312. When the connecting frame 312 needs to be rotated, the reset-type knob plunger is pulled to disengage it from the socket 315. The structure is simple and the operation is very convenient.

[0044] Reference Figures 2 to 4As shown, it can be understood that the transfer assembly 300 has a first assembled state and a second assembled state. When the transfer assembly 300 is in the first assembled state, the connecting rod 311 is detachably connected to the front ends of the two pusher plates 313. When the transfer assembly 300 is in the second assembled state, the connecting rod 311 is detachably connected to the rear ends of the two pusher plates 313. And when the transfer assembly 300 is in the first assembled state or the second assembled state, the support base 320 is installed and limited between the connecting rod 311 and the connecting frame 312. Specifically, when the transfer assembly 300 is in the first assembled state and the second assembled state, the support base 320 is located on the front and rear sides of the connecting frame 312 respectively. That is, the support base 320 in the second assembled state is moved backward by a certain distance relative to the support base 320 in the first assembled state. The advantage of this setting is that the maximum driving stroke of the second driving member 400 can be made smaller, which is convenient for the overall layout. It can be understood that if the transfer assembly 300 remains in one assembled state unchanged, in order to meet the feeding and discharging behind the pressing member 220, the maximum driving stroke of the second driving member 400 must ensure that the support base 320 can move to the rear side of the pressing member 220 to avoid interference during feeding and discharging. In this embodiment, by switching between the two assembled states, the front and rear positions of the connecting rod 311 and the support base 320 are changed, and the driving stroke from directly below the pressing member 220 to the rear side of the pressing member 220 can be reduced.

[0045] Specifically, the connecting rod 311 and the pusher plate 313 are connected by fasteners. Corresponding mounting holes are provided at both the front and rear ends of the pusher plate 313. When the connecting rod 311 is installed at the front end of the pusher plate 313, it is symmetrical with respect to when the connecting rod 311 is installed at the rear end of the pusher plate 313.

[0046] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, it can be understood that two mounting positions 314 are symmetrically provided on the front and rear sides of the connecting frame 312, both of which can be used to mount and limit the limiting plate 330 and tighten the screw 340. The two mounting positions 314 are respectively used when the transfer assembly 300 is in the first assembled state and the second assembled state to limit the support base 320. Both of the two mounting positions 314 are provided with screw holes for mounting the limiting plate 330 and are welded with nuts for mounting the tightening screw 340.

[0047] Referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, it can be understood that the pressing member 220 is provided with a pressing ring 230 and a pressing plate 240. The pressing ring 230 is detachably arranged on the lower side of the pressing plate 240. The lower surface of the pressing ring 230 is used to abut against the workpiece. The pressing plate 240 is connected to the output end of the first driving member 210. By separately arranging the pressing ring 230 and the pressing plate 240, when different components need to be processed, only the pressing ring 230 needs to be replaced, without disassembling and assembling the pressing plate 240, which is more convenient for disassembly and assembly, and can also avoid damaging the first driving member 210 during disassembly and assembly.

[0048] It can be understood that the pressing member 220 is provided with a cleaning structure for cleaning the lower surface of the pressing ring 230, so as to avoid damaging the surface of the workpiece due to the uneven lower surface of the pressing ring 230.

[0049] Refer to Figures 5 to 7 As shown, it can be understood that a second guide rail 250 fixedly connected to the lower side of the pressing plate 240 is provided. A sliding plate 260 is slidably arranged on the second guide rail 250 in the front-back direction. A gap is left between the sliding plate 260 and the pressing plate 240. An embedding groove 261 is provided on the upper surface of the sliding plate 260. A through hole 262 is provided on the bottom wall of the embedding groove 261. A flange 231 is provided at the upper end of the pressing ring 230. The pressing ring 230 passes through the through hole 262 and the flange 231 is embedded in the embedding groove 261. Specifically, after the flange 231 is embedded in the embedding groove 261, the rotation and lateral displacement of the pressing ring 230 can be restricted. It can be imagined that the flange 231 and the embedding groove 261 can both be set to be square to restrict the rotation of the pressing ring 230. Or vertical planes can be cut on the circumferential side of the flange 231, and a directional key can be installed in the embedding groove 261 to abut against this vertical plane to restrict the rotation of the pressing ring 230. There can also be other forms. Since such structures are common means in the prior art, they will not be elaborated here one by one. Further, a abutting member 270 abutting against the upper end of the pressing ring 230 is provided on the pressing plate 240 to restrict the upward displacement of the pressing ring 230. The pressing plate 240 is also provided with a limiting member 280 abutting against the front end of the sliding plate 260 for limiting. A second locking mechanism 290 is provided between the pressing plate 240 and the sliding plate 260 for locking the sliding plate 260 to restrict its backward sliding relative to the second guide rail 250, so as to fix the sliding plate 260 relative to the pressing plate 240. In addition, the second locking mechanism 290 can release the locking of the sliding plate 260, so that the sliding plate 260 and the pressing ring 230 can slide to disengage from the second guide rail 250 to facilitate the replacement of the pressing ring 230. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the limiting member 280 is used to limit the forward sliding of the sliding plate 260, and the second locking mechanism 290 is used to limit the backward sliding of the sliding plate 260. In some other embodiments, the limiting member 280 and the second locking mechanism 290 can be interchanged to meet the limitation of the sliding plate 260.

[0050] Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, it can be understood that the second locking mechanism 290 is provided with a limit plunger 291 and a locking rod 292. A locking block 241 is provided at the lower end of the pressure plate 240. A part of the limit plunger 291 protrudes from the front end of the locking block 241. A lock seat 263 is provided at the rear end of the sliding plate 260. The locking rod 292 is movably inserted through the lock seat 263. A locking head 293 is provided at the front end of the locking rod 292. A locking hole 294 is provided in the locking head 293. The limit plunger 291 is embedded in the locking hole 294. The locking rod 292 is threadedly connected with a locking nut 295 for abutting against the rear end of the lock seat 263, simultaneously making the locking head 293 abut against the locking block 241, and keeping the limit plunger 291 embedded in the locking hole 294 to limit the backward displacement of the sliding plate 260. When it is necessary to remove the sliding plate 260, the locking nut 295 can be loosened, and then the locking rod 292 is slid to separate the limit plunger 291 from the locking hole 294, and then the locking rod 292 is rotated to make the locking head 293 avoid the extension paths in front of and behind the locking block 241, and then the sliding plate 260 can be slid out of the second guide rail 250. The structure is simple and the operation is convenient.

[0051] In some specific embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the cleaning structure includes a water storage cover 500. The water storage cover 500 is connected to the peripheral side of the bottom end of the pressure ring 230, and a water storage cavity 501 is formed between the water storage cover 500 and the pressure ring 230. A water outlet gap 502 is left between the inner side of the water storage cover 500 and the lower surface of the pressure ring 230 for the water to flow out and clean the lower surface of the pressure ring 230. A water passing channel 232 extending downward to the water storage cavity 501 is provided on the upper surface of the pressure ring 230. A water passing groove 271 is provided on the lower surface of the abutting member 270. The upper surface of the pressure ring 230 closes the water passing groove 271. The water passing groove 271 is communicated with the water passing channel 232. A water inlet pipe 272 is provided on the abutting member 270. The water inlet pipe 272 is communicated with the water passing groove 271. Thus, the cleaning liquid can be conveyed along the path of the water inlet pipe 272 - water passing groove 271 - water passing channel 232 - water storage cavity 501 - water outlet gap 502 to clean the lower surface of the pressure ring 230.

[0052] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge scope of those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims

1. An upper and lower material loading tooling capable of double-directional material loading and pressing and loosening workpieces, characterized in that, it includes: a workbench (100); a pressing device (200), arranged on the upper side of the workbench (100), including a first driving part (210) and a pressing part (220) connected to its output end; a transfer assembly (300), used for placing workpieces, and provided with a positioning structure (301) for laterally positioning workpieces. The transfer assembly (300) is slidably arranged on the workbench (100) in the front and back directions, and is connected with a second driving part (400) for driving its sliding in the front and back directions. The transfer assembly (300) can receive workpieces on the front and back sides of the pressing device (200); wherein, the transfer assembly (300) can slide to the lower side of the pressing device (200) to vertically align the pressing part (220) with the workpiece. At the same time, the first driving part (210) can drive the pressing part (220) to move vertically to press or loosen the workpiece. The workbench (100), the pressing part (220), and the transfer assembly (300) are all provided with hole positions for the tool to pass vertically; the transfer assembly (300) includes a transfer frame (310) and a support seat (320) that can slide synchronously. The transfer frame (310) is connected to the output end of the second driving part (400). The support seat (320) is detachably arranged on the transfer frame (310). The support seat (320) is used for supporting the workpiece, and the positioning structure (301) is arranged on the support seat (320); the workbench (100) is provided with a support bottom plate (110) extending in the front and back directions. The support bottom plate (110) is provided with a first guide rail (120) extending in the front and back directions. The lower surface of the support seat (320) is attached to the upper surface of the support bottom plate (110), and is provided with an orientation groove (321) cooperating with the first guide rail (120). The transfer frame (310) is provided with a limiting plate (330) for abutting and limiting the upper end of the support seat (320). The transfer frame (310) is provided with tightening screws (340) on the front and back sides of the support seat (320). Both of the two tightening screws (340) are threaded through the transfer frame (310) in the front and back directions respectively for abutting against the front and back ends of the support seat (320); The transfer rack (310) is provided with a connecting rod (311), a connecting frame (312), and two pushing plates (313). The connecting rod (311) and the connecting frame (312) are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the support seat (320), and both are equipped with the limiting plate (330) and the tightening screw (340). The two pushing plates (313) are arranged at intervals left and right. The two ends of the connecting rod (311) are respectively connected to the ends of the two pushing plates (313). One end of the connecting frame (312) is rotatably connected to the middle of one of the pushing plates (313), and the axis of the rotation center extends back and forth. The other end is locked to the middle of the other pushing plate (313) through a first locking mechanism (350). The first locking mechanism (350) can elastically move to release the locking of the connecting frame (312), so that the connecting frame (312) can rotate to avoid the front and rear sliding paths of the support seat (320); The pressing member (220) is provided with a pressing ring (230) and a pressing plate (240). The pressing ring (230) is detachably arranged under the pressing plate (240). The lower surface of the pressing ring (230) is used to abut against the workpiece. The pressing plate (240) is connected to the output end of the first driving member (210).

2. The loading and unloading tooling capable of double-directionally loading and pressing and relaxing the workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transfer assembly (300) has a first assembled state and a second assembled state. When in the first assembled state, the connecting rod (311) is detachably connected to the front ends of the two pushing plates (313). When in the second assembled state, the connecting rod (311) is detachably connected to the rear ends of the two pushing plates (313). And when the transfer assembly (300) is in the first assembled state or the second assembled state, the support seat (320) is installed and limited between the connecting rod (311) and the connecting frame (312).

3. The loading and unloading tooling capable of double-directionally loading and pressing and relaxing the workpiece according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two mounting positions (314) are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the connecting frame (312), and both can be used to install the limiting plate (330) and the tightening screw (340).

4. The loading and unloading tooling capable of double-directionally loading and pressing and relaxing the workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing member (220) is provided with a cleaning structure for cleaning the lower surface of the pressing ring (230).

5. The loading and unloading tooling capable of double-directionally loading and pressing and relaxing the workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second guide rail (250) fixedly connected to the lower side of the pressing plate (240) is provided. A sliding plate (260) is slidably provided on the second guide rail (250) in the front-back direction. An embedding groove (261) is provided on the upper surface of the sliding plate (260). A through hole (262) is provided on the bottom wall of the embedding groove (261). A flange (231) is provided at the upper end of the pressing ring (230). The pressing ring (230) passes through the through hole (262) and the flange (231) is embedded in the embedding groove (261). A contact member (270) that abuts against the upper end of the pressing ring (230) is provided on the pressing plate (240), and a limiting member (280) that abuts against and limits the front end of the sliding plate (260) is provided. A second locking mechanism (290) is provided between the pressing plate (240) and the sliding plate (260) for locking the sliding plate (260) to limit its backward sliding relative to the second guide rail (250). The second locking mechanism (290) can release the locking of the sliding plate (260) so that the sliding plate (260) and the pressing ring (230) can slide to disengage from the second guide rail (250).

6. The loading and unloading tooling capable of double-directional loading and workpiece pressing and releasing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second locking mechanism (290) is provided with a limit plunger (291) and a locking rod (292). A locking block (241) is provided at the lower end of the pressing plate (240). A part of the limit plunger (291) protrudes from the front end of the locking block (241). A lock seat (263) is provided at the rear end of the sliding plate (260). The locking rod (292) is movably passed through the lock seat (263). A locking head (293) is provided at the front end of the locking rod (292). A locking hole (294) is provided on the locking head (293). The limit plunger (291) is embedded in the locking hole (294). The locking rod (292) is threadedly connected with a locking nut (295) for abutting against the rear end of the lock seat (263) so that the limit plunger (291) remains in the state of being embedded in the locking hole (294).

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