Components of tunnel model making device and model making process

Abstract

The present application relates to a component and model making process for a tunnel model making device, and relates to the field of rock mass engineering testing technology. The making auxiliary device includes a main rod and an anchor assembly capable of extending into a tunnel opening of a physical model. The anchor assembly includes a feed assembly and a power assembly mounted on the main rod. The feed assembly includes a fixed member fixed to the main rod and a rotating member arranged for rotation. The power assembly is used to drive the rotating member to rotate. The surface of the anchor rod is provided with an axially extending slot. The rotating member is used for threaded connection with the anchor rod. The fixed member is provided with a through hole for the anchor rod to pass through. The through hole is coaxially arranged with the threaded hole on the rotating member. The fixed member is provided with a limiting edge for cooperating with the slot on the anchor rod to limit the circumferential rotation of the anchor rod. The model making process includes integrally printing a model base and inserting the anchor rod into the anchor hole of the model base using an auxiliary device. This application has the advantage of improving the degree to which experimental simulation data from rock mass physical models reflect actual engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of geotechnical engineering testing technology, and in particular to a component of a tunnel model making device and a model making process. The component of the tunnel model making device serves as a component of a 3D printing tunnel physical model auxiliary device. Background Art

[0002] Rock masses often contain complex internal structural features, such as crisscrossing joints and fissures, and pores of varying shapes and sizes. These defects directly affect the deformation and strength of the entire rock mass and are directly related to its stability in rock mass engineering. To study the macroscopic mechanical properties and deformation and failure characteristics of rock masses containing artificial structures, indoor physical model experiments are traditionally used. However, traditional indoor physical simulation experiments often simplify the complex engineering rock mass structure during numerical simulation, resulting in significant deviations between the model and the actual rock mass.

[0003] With the development of 3D printing technology, researchers have combined CT imaging and 3D printing to create models using plastic that have the same internal void characteristics as sandstone. However, the material differences between plastic and rock mass make the simulated data less consistent with the actual project. Later, researchers replaced the plastic with gypsum and printed physical models made of gypsum for testing, which showed significant improvement.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors believe that the following defects exist: for the physical model in the form of a tunnel, the tunnel entrance is small after 3D overall printing, and human hands cannot reach into the tunnel entrance to insert anchor rods. Therefore, when conducting tests, the model is carried out without anchor rod support. However, anchor rod support exists in actual projects, and there is still a deviation between the simulation data and the actual project situation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the problem of low conformity of 3D printed rock physical model test simulation data in reflecting actual engineering projects, the present application provides a component of a tunnel model production device and a model production process; its parent case name is 3D printed tunnel model production auxiliary device and model production method; the application date is 2021-09-04.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a tunnel model making device, the components of which adopt the following technical solutions:

[0007] A component of a tunnel model making device includes a main rod that can be extended into the tunnel entrance of a physical model and an anchor assembly, the anchor assembly including a feed assembly and a power assembly mounted on the main rod, the feed assembly including a fixed part fixed to the main rod and a rotating part arranged for rotation, the power assembly being used to drive the rotating part to rotate; the surface of the anchor rod is provided with a through groove along the axial direction, the rotating part is used to be threadedly connected to the anchor rod, the fixed part is provided with a through hole for the anchor rod to pass through, the through hole is coaxially arranged with the screw hole on the rotating part, and the fixed part is provided with a limiting edge for cooperating with the slot on the anchor rod to limit the circumferential rotation of the anchor rod.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the anchor rod is first passed through the through-hole of the fixing component outside the physical model. The slot on the anchor rod is aligned with the limiting edge on the fixing component. The end of the anchor rod is inserted into the rotating component. By rotating the rotating component, the end of the anchor rod is flush with the end of the through-hole of the fixing component or a small section is exposed. Then, the feed assembly and anchor rod are extended into the tunnel entrance of the physical model via the main rod. When the anchor rod is moved to align with the anchor hole in the physical model, the rotating component is driven to rotate by the power assembly. Due to the threaded connection between the rotating component and the anchor rod, the anchor rod is restricted from circumferential rotation by the limiting edge, so that the anchor rod moves along the through-hole axis and is inserted into the anchor hole in the physical model.

[0009] Optionally, the surface of the main rod is provided with scales along the length direction of the main rod.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the feed assembly is extended into the tunnel entrance through the main rod, the extension position can be judged according to the scale on the main rod. According to the setting position data of the anchor hole in the physical model during three-dimensional modeling, the anchor rod can be easily and quickly extended to the anchor hole position.

[0011] Optionally, the physical model making auxiliary device further includes a support assembly, which includes a base and a bracket, the bracket can slide up and down relative to the base and fix its position, and the main rod is supported by the bracket and slides relative to the bracket along the length direction of the main rod.

[0012] By adopting this technical solution, the main rod is supported on the bracket, and the main rod's sway is reduced during movement, which facilitates the alignment of the anchor rod with the anchor hole in the physical model. During the insertion of the anchor rod into the anchor hole, the possibility of the main rod sway causing new cracks during the insertion of the anchor rod is reduced.

[0013] Optionally, the bracket includes an arc-shaped portion that is adapted to the tunnel entrance contour of the physical model, and the arc-shaped portion is provided with a mounting seat that slides relatively along the arc surface of the arc-shaped portion and is fixed, and the main rod is clamped on the mounting seat; the arc-shaped portion is provided with an angle scale, and the mounting seat is provided with a pointer, and the pointer points parallel to the axis of the perforation on the fixing member.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, since the axial angle of each anchor hole can be known during three-dimensional modeling, when the main rod slides along the arc portion with the mounting seat, the axial direction of the anchor rod can be judged by the pointer, which facilitates and facilitates quick adjustment of the alignment of the anchor rod and the anchor hole.

[0015] Optionally, the cross-section of the arc-shaped portion is rectangular, a sliding groove is provided on the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped portion, and a bar hole connected to the sliding groove is provided on the end face of the arc-shaped portion along the circumferential direction; the mounting seat slides relative to the sliding groove, and the mounting seat is fixed with a threaded column extending out of the bar hole, and a nut is threadedly connected to the threaded column.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, after loosening the nut, the mounting seat can slide along the slide groove, and the threaded column moves in the corresponding bar hole. When the mounting seat position meets the requirements, the nut is tightened, and the operation is simple and convenient.

[0017] Optionally, a guide groove is provided on the surface of the main rod along the length direction of the main rod, and the mounting seat is fixed with a guide block that cooperates with the guide groove.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the main rod moves, rotation and shaking will not occur due to the cooperation between the guide groove and the guide block, thereby improving the stability of the anchor rod insertion operation.

[0019] Optionally, one end of the base is open and has a cavity inside, the end of the bracket extends into the cavity of the base and slides relatively thereto, and an elastic member is provided in the cavity of the base.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the bracket is pressed down, and the height of the entire auxiliary tool decreases after the elastic member is compressed, which is conducive to separating the fixing member from the anchor rod and facilitates operation.

[0021] Optionally, the feed assembly is installed at one end of the main rod, and the power assembly includes a micro motor or handwheel installed at the other end of the main rod and a transmission structure, and the transmission structure is any one or two of a belt drive, a chain drive or a gear drive structure.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the micro motor or the hand wheel can conveniently drive the rotating part to rotate, the structure is simple, and the installation and maintenance are convenient.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides a 3D printed rock mass physical model manufacturing process using the following technical solutions:

[0024] A process for producing a 3D printed rock mass physical model comprises the following steps:

[0025] The sand mold base is 3D printed as a whole, and the model base is provided with a tunnel opening and multiple anchor holes located on the inner wall of the tunnel opening;

[0026] The components of the tunnel model making device are used to insert anchor rods into the anchor holes of the model base.

[0027] A tunnel model making device provides an anchor assembly, the premise of which is that the surface of the matching anchor rod is provided with a through slot along the axial direction; the anchor assembly includes a feed assembly installed on the main rod; the feed assembly includes a fixed part fixed to the main rod and a rotating part arranged for rotation, the rotating part is used to be threadedly connected to the anchor rod, the fixed part is provided with a through hole for the anchor rod to pass through, the through hole is coaxially arranged with the screw hole on the rotating part, and the fixed part is provided with a limiting edge for cooperating with the slot on the anchor rod to limit the circumferential rotation of the anchor rod.

[0028] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0029] The feed assembly is equipped with a power assembly; the power assembly is used to drive the rotating part to rotate; the power assembly includes a micro motor or hand wheel installed at the other end of the main rod and a transmission structure;

[0030] The feed assembly is mounted on one end of the main rod;

[0031] The surface of the rotating part is provided with a groove for belt sleeve along the circumferential direction; when the rotating part rotates, the anchor rod moves along the through-hole axis of the fixed part; the surface of the anchor rod is provided with a spiral groove, and the rotation of the groove protrusion drives the anchor rod to move along the through-hole axis.

[0032] A support assembly includes a base and a bracket. The bracket can slide up and down relative to the base and be fixed in position. The main rod is supported by the bracket and slides relatively with the bracket along the length direction of the main rod.

[0033] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0034] The support assembly serves as a support assembly for the tunnel model making device; the bracket includes an arc-shaped portion adapted to the contour of the tunnel entrance of the physical model, the arc-shaped portion is provided with a mounting seat that slides relatively along the arc surface of the arc-shaped portion and is fixed, and the main rod is clamped to the mounting seat;

[0035] When the mounting base is moved to the set position, the mounting base and the bracket are fixed in position by rotating and tightening the nut;

[0036] Angle scales are provided on the arc portion, and a pointer is provided on the mounting seat.

[0037] The cross section of the arc portion is rectangular, and a slide groove is provided on the outer arc surface of the arc portion. A bar hole connected to the slide groove is provided on the end surface of the arc portion along the circumferential direction; the mounting seat slides relative to the slide groove, and a threaded column extending out of the bar hole is fixed to the mounting seat, and a nut is threadedly connected to the threaded column; a guide groove is provided on the surface of the main rod along the length direction of the main rod, and the mounting seat is fixed with a guide block that cooperates with the guide groove;

[0038] One end of the base is open and has a cavity inside. The end of the bracket extends into the cavity of the base and slides relatively therewith. An elastic member is provided in the cavity of the base.

[0039] When the bracket is not subjected to other external forces, the elastic member applies a supporting force to the pressure plate so that the pressure plate is close to the open end of the base; when the bracket is subjected to external force, the support part drives the pressure plate compression spring to shrink and deform, and the support part is inserted into the base to adjust the height of the entire support assembly.

[0040] A process for inserting an anchor rod into an anchor hole of a model base comprises the following steps: S2.1, passing the anchor rod through a through-hole of a fixing member, aligning a slot on the anchor rod with a limiting edge on the fixing member, extending an end of the anchor rod into a rotating member, and rotating the rotating member so that the end of the anchor rod is flush with or partially exposed at the through-hole end of the fixing member; then, extending a feed assembly and the anchor rod into a tunnel opening via a main rod, so that the bracket is flush with the end of the tunnel opening;

[0041] S2.2, adjust the anchor rod position. First, move the main rod and determine the insertion depth of the main rod according to the anchor hole position designed in the 3D model, judging by the scale on the main rod; then, according to the axis angle of the anchor hole, move and adjust the mounting base so that the position corresponding to the pointer and the angular scale on the bracket meets the requirements; secondly, fix the mounting base position; at this time, the axis of the anchor rod is aligned with the anchor hole.

[0042] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0043] After S2.2, execute S3: When the anchor rod moves to align with the anchor hole, start the micro motor, drive the rotating part to rotate through the power assembly, and the anchor rod rotates circumferentially, so that the anchor rod moves along the perforation axis and is inserted into the anchor hole. When the anchor rod is disengaged from the rotating part, it no longer moves.

[0044] A process for separating an anchor rod from a rotating part includes the following steps: S4: lowering the height of an auxiliary device by pressing down a bracket, while the fixing part moves downward to separate from the anchor rod, and the auxiliary device is pulled out from the tunnel entrance; using other rods to press the exposed part of the anchor rod into the anchor hole.

[0045] A process for producing a 3D printed rock mass physical model comprises the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: 3D print a sand mold base as a whole, wherein the base has a tunnel opening and multiple anchor holes located on the inner wall of the tunnel opening;

[0047] Step 2: Use the components of the tunnel model making device to insert the anchor rod into the anchor hole of the model base.

[0048] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0049] In step 1, prepare the model base for 3D printing:

[0050] S1.1: 3D modeling and output of natural fractured rock mass;

[0051] S1.2: Print the model base in one piece using 3D sand printing equipment;

[0052] After step 1, the above processes are performed sequentially;

[0053] Repeat the installation of the remaining anchors to produce a 3D printed rock mass physical model, which is then used to simulate geotechnical engineering tests.

[0054] Among them, the physical model is tested after the glue hardens; the auxiliary device is cleaned before the glue hardens and then used.

[0055] By adopting this technical solution, the sand and rock structures are more closely aligned. The integrally printed model matrix reduces the potential for gaps between assembled model modules to affect experimental results. An auxiliary device inserts and secures anchor rods into anchor holes, enabling a more realistic simulation of actual project conditions, ensuring that the test simulation data more closely reflects actual project conditions.

[0056] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0057] First, insert the anchor rod through the through-hole of the fixture outside the physical model. The slot on the anchor rod aligns with the limiting edge on the fixture, and the end of the anchor rod extends into the rotating member. By rotating the rotating member, the end of the anchor rod is flush with the end of the through-hole of the fixture, or a small section is exposed. Then, the feed assembly and anchor rod are extended into the tunnel entrance of the physical model via the main rod. When the anchor rod moves to align with the anchor hole in the physical model, the rotating member is driven by the power assembly to rotate. Due to the threaded connection between the rotating member and the anchor rod, the anchor rod is restricted from circumferential rotation by the limiting edge, so that the anchor rod moves along the axis of the through-hole and is inserted into the anchor hole in the physical model. This can more realistically simulate the actual engineering conditions, and the test simulation data is more consistent with the actual engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the components of the tunnel model making device of the present application in use;

[0059] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of the AA plane;

[0060] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 4 To show the connection structure between the bracket and the base Figure 3Cross-sectional view of the middle BB plane;

[0062] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the mid-CC region;

[0063] Figure 6 A structural diagram showing the connection structure between the main rod and the bracket;

[0064] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the anchor assembly;

[0065] Figure 8 A structural diagram showing the connection relationship between the feed assembly and the anchor rod.

[0066] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Support assembly; 11. Base; 111. Elastic member; 12. Bracket; 121. Pressing plate; 122. Slide groove; 123. Bar hole; 13. Crossbar; 2. Main rod; 21. Guide groove; 3. Anchor assembly; 31. Micro motor; 32. Driving wheel; 33. Conveyor belt; 34. Driven wheel; 35. Rotating member; 36. Fixing member; 361. Limiting edge; 362. Connecting plate; 4. Mounting seat; 41. Guide block; 42. Pointer; 5. Anchor rod; 51. Slot; 6. Model base; 61. Tunnel entrance; 62. Anchor hole.

[0067] The following is combined with Figure 1-8 This application is described in further detail.

[0068] The present application embodiment discloses a component of a tunnel model making device. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The tunnel modeling device includes a support assembly 1 and a mounting base 4 mounted on the support assembly 1. A main rod 2 is slidably connected to the mounting base 4, and an anchor assembly 3 is mounted on the main rod 2. The 3D-printed rock mass physical model includes a model base 6 and an anchor rod 5 inserted into the model base 6. The model base 6 has a tunnel opening 61 extending through it, and anchor holes 62 are provided within the model base 6 for the insertion of the anchor rod 5. During use, the anchor rod 5 is pre-installed on the anchor assembly 3. The support assembly 1 is placed on a platform. The main rod 2 is then used to extend the anchor assembly 3 into the tunnel opening 61 of the model base 6. After adjusting the depth of the main rod 2, the anchor rod 5 is aligned with the anchor hole 62 in the model base 6. The anchor assembly 3 is then activated to insert the anchor rod 5 into the corresponding anchor hole 62 and secure it. The auxiliary device is then removed from the model base 6, and subsequent mechanical testing of the 3D-printed rock mass physical model is performed. Because the physical model includes the anchor rod 5, the simulation data from the test more accurately reflects the actual engineering conditions. Components are building blocks.

[0069] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4The support assembly 1 includes a base 11 and a bracket 12. The bracket 12 includes an arc-shaped portion and support portions fixed to both ends of the arc-shaped portion. There are two brackets 12 here and they are arranged side by side. The two brackets 12 are fixedly connected by a cross bar 13, and the cross bar 13 is fixed to the support portion; each support portion corresponds to a base 11, and the bases 11 located on the same side of the two brackets 12 are also fixedly connected as a whole by a cross bar 13. The cross bar 13 can be fixed to the base 11 and the bracket 12 by screws.

[0070] The base 11 can be a rectangular parallelepiped with one end open and a hollow interior. A pressure plate 121 is fixedly provided at one end of the bracket 12. The end of the support portion with the pressure plate 121 extends into the cavity of the base 11 and can slide relative to the base 11. An elastic member 111 is provided in the cavity inside the base 11, and a spring is used for the elastic member 111 here. The open outline of the base 11 is smaller than the outline of the pressure plate 121 to prevent the bracket 12 from detaching from the base 11. When the bracket 12 is not subjected to other external forces, the elastic member 111 applies a supporting force to the pressure plate 121 so that the pressure plate 121 is close to the open end of the base 11; when the bracket 12 is subjected to external force, the support portion can drive the pressure plate 121 to compress the spring to shrink and deform, and the support portion is inserted into the base 11 to adjust the height of the entire support assembly 1.

[0071] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The arcuate portion of the bracket 12 has a rectangular cross-section. A T-shaped slot 122 is defined along the circumference of the outer arcuate surface of the bracket 12. A slot 123 is defined along the circumference of the end surface of the arcuate portion, communicating with the slot 122. The bracket 12 has angular markings on the arcuate portion, which can be replaced with fixed position markings as needed.

[0072] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The main rod 2 is a round rod, and a guide groove 21 is provided on the surface of the main rod 2 along the generatrix direction. The main rod 2 is provided with a scale along the length direction.

[0073] The mounting base 4 is slidably mounted on the slide groove 122 of the bracket 12. One end of the mounting base 4 is a sliding portion that fits and slides relative to the slide groove 122. The other end of the mounting base 4 is provided with a clamping portion that matches the contour of the main rod 2. The clamping portion is arc-shaped and has a certain degree of elasticity, so that the main rod 2 is inserted through the opening of the clamping portion and is fixed. A guide block 41 is integrally provided on the clamping portion, which cooperates with the guide groove 21. After the main rod 2 is clamped into the clamping portion of the mounting base 4, it can only slide along the axis of the clamping portion.

[0074] To facilitate securing the position of the mounting base 4, a threaded post is provided on the sliding portion that passes through the bar hole 123. The threaded post and the sliding portion can be fixed by plugging or threading. A nut is threadedly connected to the threaded post. When the mounting base 4 is moved to the appropriate position, the nut is tightened by rotating to secure the mounting base 4 to the bracket 12.

[0075] The mounting seat 4 is fixed with a pointer 42 between the sliding portion and the clamping portion. The pointer 42 is parallel to the plane where the angle scale is located, so that the position of the mounting seat 4 can be accurately adjusted.

[0076] refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The anchor assembly 3 includes a feed assembly and a power assembly. The power assembly includes a micro motor 31 installed at one end of the main rod 2 and a transmission structure provided on the main rod 2. Here, the transmission structure is a belt drive. The transmission structure includes a driving wheel 32, a driven wheel 34, and a conveyor belt 33 connected to the driving wheel 32 and the driven wheel 34. The driving wheel 32 is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the micro motor 31, and the driven wheel 34 is rotatably connected to the end of the main rod 2 away from the micro motor 31. In other embodiments of the present application, the transmission structure can also be a chain drive, a worm gear drive, etc. The micro motor 31 can be a forward and reverse motor. As needed, the micro motor 31 can also be replaced by a handwheel.

[0077] The feeding assembly includes a fixing part 36 fixed to one end of the main rod 2 near the driven wheel 34 and a rotating part 35 connected to the fixing part 36 through a connecting plate 362. The connecting plate 362 is welded and fixed to the fixing part 36 or fixed by screws. The rotating part 35 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 362, and the rotation method can be a bearing connection. The fixing part 36 can be a rectangular plate or a plate of other shapes. The rotating part 35 is connected to the driven wheel 34 by transmission. Belt transmission is selected here, and it can also be gear transmission or chain transmission as needed. In order to prevent the belt from falling off, a groove for the belt is provided along the circumferential direction on the surface of the rotating part 35. A through hole is provided on the fixing part 36, and a limiting rib 361 is provided on the inner wall of the through hole of the fixing part 36. The through hole on the fixing part 36 is coaxially arranged with the rotating part 35.

[0078] The rotating member 35 may be a threaded sleeve, and the anchor rod 5 is threadedly connected to the rotating member 35 . A groove 51 is provided on the surface of the anchor rod 5 along its axial direction, and the cross section of the groove 51 is adapted to the limiting edge 361 .

[0079] One end of the anchor rod 5 passes through the through hole on the fixing member 36 and is threadedly connected to the rotating member 35. Since the limiting edge 361 cooperates with the slot 51 on the anchor rod 5 to prevent the anchor rod 5 from rotating, when the rotating member 35 rotates, the anchor rod 5 moves along the through hole axis of the fixing member 36.

[0080] In other embodiments of the present application, the surface of the anchor rod 5 is provided with a spiral groove, and the rotating member 35 is provided with a through hole having the same outer diameter as the anchor rod 5. The rotating member 35 is provided with a protrusion fixed on the inner wall of the through hole that can extend into the groove. In this case, the depth of the groove is greater than the depth of the slot 51 to prevent the protrusion from slipping off the slot 51 when the protrusion rotates to the intersection of the groove and the slot 51. When the rotating member 35 rotates, the protrusion rotates. Since the protrusion is located in the groove, the protrusion drives the anchor rod 5 having the spiral groove to move along the axis of the through hole.

[0081] In order to intuitively understand the axial direction of the anchor rod 5 , the end of the pointer 42 may point parallel to the axis of the rotating member 35 .

[0082] The size of the auxiliary device can be adjusted according to the cross section of the tunnel opening 61 on the model base 6 so that the auxiliary device can extend into the tunnel opening 61 .

[0083] The process of making a physical model using the components of the tunnel model making device is as follows:

[0084] (1) Prepare the model base 6 for 3D printing:

[0085] S1: 3D modeling and output of natural fractured rock mass;

[0086] S2: Using a 3D sand printing device to integrally print out a model base 6.

[0087] (2) Install the fixed anchor rod 5:

[0088] S1: Install the anchor rod 5 on the rotating member 35, then extend the auxiliary device into the tunnel opening 61, so that the bracket 12 is flush with the end of the tunnel opening 61;

[0089] S2: Adjust the position of the anchor rod 5: Move the main rod 2. First, determine the insertion depth of the main rod 2 according to the position of the anchor hole 62 designed in the 3D model, which can be determined by the scale of the main rod 2. Then, according to the angle between the axis of the anchor hole 62, move and adjust the mounting base 4 until the position corresponding to the pointer 42 and the angle scale on the bracket 12 meets the requirements, and then fix the position of the mounting base 4. At this time, the axis of the anchor rod 5 is aligned with the anchor hole 62.

[0090] S3: The micro motor 31 is started, and the anchor rod 5 is inserted into the anchor hole 62. When the anchor rod 5 is separated from the rotating member 35, it no longer moves;

[0091] S4: Press down the bracket 12 to lower the height of the auxiliary device, and at the same time, move the fixing member 36 downward to separate from the anchor rod 5, and pull the auxiliary device out of the tunnel opening 61; use other rods to press the exposed part of the anchor rod 5 into the anchor hole 62.

[0092] Repeat the above steps to install the remaining anchor rods 5, and a 3D printed rock mass physical model is produced. This model is used to simulate geotechnical engineering tests. Because the physical model is reinforced by anchor rods 5, the simulation data reflects the actual engineering more accurately.

[0093] In order to improve the connection firmness between the anchor rod 5 and the model matrix 6, the surface of the anchor rod 5 can be coated with glue, and the physical model can be tested after the glue hardens. The auxiliary device should be cleaned before the glue hardens before use.

[0094] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An anchor assembly for a tunnel model making device, characterized by: The premise is that the surface of the matching anchor rod (5) is provided with a through slot (51) along the axial direction; the anchor assembly (3) includes a feed assembly installed on the main rod (2); the feed assembly includes a fixing member (36) fixed to the main rod (2) and a rotating member (35) arranged to be rotatable, the rotating member (35) is used to be threadedly connected to the anchor rod (5), the fixing member (36) is provided with a through hole for the anchor rod (5) to pass through, the through hole is coaxially arranged with the screw hole on the rotating member (35), and the fixing member (36) is provided with a limiting edge (361) for cooperating with the slot (51) on the anchor rod (5) to limit the circumferential rotation of the anchor rod (5); The support assembly (1) comprises a base (11) and a bracket (12); the bracket (12) can slide up and down relative to the base (11) and be fixed in position; the main rod (2) is supported by the bracket (12) and slides relative to the bracket (12) along the length direction of the main rod (2); The support assembly (1) serves as a support assembly (1) of a tunnel model making device; the bracket (12) includes an arc-shaped portion adapted to the contour of a tunnel opening (61) of a physical model; a mounting seat (4) is provided on the arc-shaped portion and is fixed while sliding relatively along the arc surface of the arc-shaped portion; and the main rod (2) is clamped to the mounting seat (4); When the mounting base (4) is moved to the set position, the mounting base (4) and the bracket (12) are fixed in position by rotating and tightening the nut; An angular scale is provided on the arc portion, and a pointer (42) is provided on the mounting seat (4); The cross section of the arc portion is rectangular, and a slide groove (122) is provided on the outer arc surface of the arc portion, and a bar hole (123) connected to the slide groove (122) is provided on the end surface of the arc portion along the circumferential direction; the mounting seat (4) slides relative to the slide groove (122), so that the main rod (2) connected to the mounting seat (4) can slide along the outer circumferential surface of the arc portion; the mounting seat (4) is fixed with a threaded column extending out of the bar hole (123), and a nut is threadedly connected to the threaded column; a guide groove (21) is provided on the surface of the main rod (2) along the length direction of the main rod (2), and the mounting seat (4) is fixed with a guide block (41) matched with the guide groove (21); One end of the base (11) is open and has a cavity inside. The end of the bracket (12) extends into the cavity of the base (11) and slides relatively therewith. An elastic member (111) is provided in the cavity of the base (11). The bracket (12) further includes a support portion fixed to both ends of the arc portion, and the support portion is provided with a pressing plate (121); When the bracket (12) is not subjected to any other external force, the elastic member (111) applies a supporting force to the pressure plate (121) so that the pressure plate (121) is close to the open end of the base (11); when the bracket (12) is subjected to an external force, the support portion drives the pressure plate (121) to compress the elastic member to shrink and deform, and the support portion is inserted into the base (11) to adjust the height of the entire support assembly (1).

2. The anchor assembly of the tunnel model making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding assembly is equipped with a power assembly; the power assembly is used to drive the rotating member (35) to rotate; the power assembly includes a micro motor (31) or a hand wheel and a transmission structure installed at the other end of the main rod (2); The feed assembly is mounted on one end of the main rod (2); The surface of the rotating member (35) is provided with a groove for the belt sleeve along the circumferential direction; when the rotating member (35) rotates, the anchor rod (5) moves along the through-hole axis of the fixed member (36); the surface of the anchor rod (5) is provided with a spiral groove, and the protrusion of the screw hole on the rotating member rotates to drive the anchor rod (5) to move along the screw hole axis.

3. A process for inserting an anchor rod into an anchor hole of a model matrix, characterized in that: Using the anchor assembly of the tunnel model making device as claimed in claim 2, The method comprises the following steps: S2.1, passing the anchor rod (5) through the through hole of the fixing member (36), aligning the slot (51) on the anchor rod (5) with the limiting edge (361) on the fixing member (36), and extending the end of the anchor rod (5) into the rotating member (35), and rotating the rotating member (35) so that the end of the anchor rod (5) is flush with the through hole end of the fixing member (36) or partially exposed; then, extending the feed assembly and the anchor rod (5) into the tunnel opening (61) through the main rod (2), and the bracket (12) is flush with the end of the tunnel opening (61); S2.2, adjust the position of the anchor rod (5), first, move the main rod (2), determine the insertion depth of the main rod (2) according to the position of the anchor hole (62) designed in the 3D model, and judge it by the scale of the main rod (2); then, according to the axis angle of the anchor hole (62), move and adjust the mounting seat (4) so ​​that the position corresponding to the pointer (42) and the angle scale on the bracket (12) meets the requirements; secondly, fix the position of the mounting seat (4); at this time, the axis of the anchor rod (5) is aligned with the anchor hole (62); After S2.2, S3 is executed: when the anchor rod (5) moves to align with the anchor hole (62), the micro motor (31) is started, and the rotating member (35) is driven to rotate by the power assembly, and the anchor rod (5) rotates circumferentially, so that the anchor rod (5) moves along the perforation axis and is inserted into the anchor hole (62). When the anchor rod (5) is separated from the rotating member (35), it no longer moves; S4: The height of the anchor assembly is lowered by pressing down the bracket (12), and the fixing member (36) is moved downward to separate from the anchor rod (5), and the anchor assembly is extracted from the tunnel opening (61); the exposed portion of the anchor rod (5) is pressed into the anchor hole (62) using another rod.

4. A process for producing a 3D printed rock mass physical model, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1: 3D print a sand mold model base (6) as a whole, wherein the model base (6) is provided with a tunnel opening (61) and a plurality of anchor holes (62) located on the inner wall of the tunnel opening (61); Step 2: Use the anchoring assembly of the tunnel model making device according to any one of claims 1 to 2 to insert the anchor rod (5) into the anchor hole (62) of the model base (6).

5. The process for producing a 3D printed rock mass physical model according to claim 4, wherein: In step 1, prepare the model base for 3D printing (6): S1.1: 3D modeling and output of natural fractured rock mass; S1.2: Print the model base in one piece using a 3D sand printing device (6); After step 1, sequentially performing the process of claim 3; Repeat the installation of the remaining anchor rods (5) to produce a 3D printed rock mass physical model, and use the model to perform geotechnical engineering test simulation; Among them, the physical model is tested after the glue hardens; the anchor component is cleaned before the glue hardens before use.

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