Integrated antenna and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides an integrated antenna and an electronic device. The integrated antenna comprises a dielectric substrate and an antenna radiator. The dielectric substrate comprises a floor layer and a clearance, and the floor layer is provided with a gap communicating with the clearance. The antenna radiator is arranged in the clearance, and the antenna radiator comprises a feed point. The antenna radiator and the gap are located on the same side of the feed point. The application also provides an electronic device comprising the integrated antenna. In this way, the current path of the floor layer is changed by processing the floor layer of the integrated antenna, so that a large area of current exists in the floor layer, the antenna radiation performance is improved, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna is improved while maintaining the miniaturization of the integrated antenna.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to an integrated antenna and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication and electronic technology, integrated antennas are applied more and more widely and play an important role in many communication fields. The antenna radiation performance of some integrated antennas needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides an integrated antenna and an electronic device for improving the antenna radiation performance.

[0004] The present application provides an integrated antenna, comprising:

[0005] a dielectric substrate comprising a floor layer and a clearance, the floor layer being provided with a slit communicating with the clearance; and

[0006] an antenna radiator arranged in the clearance; the antenna radiator comprising a feed point; the antenna radiator and the slit being located on the same side of the feed point.

[0007] Optionally, the clearance is a rectangular region, the slit is a rectangular slit, and the length direction of the rectangular slit is perpendicular to the length direction of the clearance.

[0008] Optionally, the maximum size range of the length of the rectangular slit is 10mm-50mm.

[0009] Optionally, the minimum size range of the width of the rectangular straight notch is 1mm-5mm.

[0010] Optionally, the slit is an L-shaped slit or an arc-shaped slit.

[0011] Optionally, the dielectric substrate comprises a device mounting hole penetrating through the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate, and the slit communicates with the device mounting hole.

[0012] Optionally, the device mounting hole comprises a first device mounting hole and a second device mounting hole, the slit communicates with the first device mounting hole, and the first device mounting hole and the second device mounting hole are arranged in a direction away from the clearance and are spaced apart.

[0013] Optionally, the antenna radiator comprises a spiral tube made of a metal material; or an on-board metal piece; or a metal plug; or a metal patch.

[0014] The present application provides an electronic device, comprising the integrated antenna according to any one of the above.

[0015] Optionally, the electronic device is a wireless device, and a frequency of the integrated antenna of the wireless device is up to 1GHz.

[0016] Optionally, the electronic device comprises a lens assembly, and the lens assembly is connected to the floor layer through a cable; the gap is arranged between the feed point and a connecting point on the floor layer where the cable is connected.

[0017] The integrated antenna of the embodiment of the present application has the floor layer of the dielectric substrate provided with the gap in communication with the clearance, and the antenna radiator and the gap are located on the same side of the feed point. In this way, the floor layer of the integrated antenna is processed to change the current path of the floor layer, so that the floor layer has a large area of current, the antenna radiation performance is improved, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna is improved while keeping the integrated antenna small. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Fig. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of an integrated antenna of an electronic device of the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 Fig. 2 shows a current path diagram of the integrated antenna of the electronic device. Figure 1 Fig. 3 shows a working frequency diagram of the integrated antenna of the electronic device.

[0020] Figure 3 Fig. 4 shows an antenna gain diagram of the integrated antenna of the related art.

[0021] Figure 4 Fig. 5 shows an antenna gain diagram of the integrated antenna of the related art.

[0022] Figure 5 Fig. 6 shows a working frequency diagram of the integrated antenna of the present application.

[0023] Figure 6 Fig. 7 shows an antenna gain diagram of the integrated antenna of the present application.

[0024] Figure 7 Fig. 8 shows a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the integrated antenna of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein below with reference to the drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0026] The terminology used in the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application. Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in the present application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The use of the terms "first", "second" and like terms in the present application is not meant to denote any order, quantity, or importance, but is merely to distinguish one element from another. Similarly, the use of the terms "one" and "a" or "an" are not meant to denote a singular quantity only but are meant to denote a quantity of at least one. "Plural" or "a plurality" means two or more. The terms "front", "back", "top", "bottom", and like terms are used for convenience and are not meant to be limiting as to orientation or spatial arrangement. The terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including" and the like are meant to be inclusive and not exclusive.

[0027] The singular forms "a", "an", and "the" used in the present application and the appended claims are intended to include plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising", when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0028] The present application provides an integrated antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate and an antenna radiator. The dielectric substrate comprises a floor layer and a clearance, and the floor layer is provided with a gap communicating with the clearance. The antenna radiator is arranged in the clearance; the antenna radiator comprises a feed point; and the antenna radiator and the gap are located on the same side of the feed point. The present application also provides an electronic device, comprising the integrated antenna described above. In this way, while maintaining the miniaturization of the integrated antenna, the current path of the floor layer of the integrated antenna is changed by processing the floor layer, so that a large area of current exists in the floor layer, the antenna radiation performance is improved, and thus the radiation efficiency of the antenna is improved.

[0029] In the field of wireless communication technology, technical terms include the following:

[0030] Sub_1GHz antenna: an antenna below 1GHz frequency band, such as 433MHz, 868MHz, etc. wireless communication. According to the formula λ=c / f, λ is the wavelength (antenna size is positively correlated with wavelength), unit: meter; c is the wave speed, unit: meter / second; f is the frequency, unit: hertz. The higher the frequency, the smaller the antenna size, the lower the frequency, the larger the antenna size.

[0031] That is: 433MHz antenna, the conventional antenna length size needs: 1 / 4λ=173mm, 1 / 2λ=346mm; 868MHz antenna, the conventional antenna length size needs: 1 / 4λ=86.4mm, 1 / 2λ=172mm.

[0032] Antenna gain: under the condition of equal input power, the ratio of the power density of the signal generated by the actual antenna and the ideal radiation unit at the same point in space. Under the same conditions, the higher the gain, the farther the distance of the radio wave propagation. The greater the gain of the antenna, the lower the output power required by the device and the smaller the power consumption when propagating the same distance.

[0033] Return loss S11: that is, the reflection coefficient of the antenna, reflecting the ratio of reflected power to input power. The smaller S11 is the better.

[0034] Standing wave bandwidth: generally take the absolute frequency value of S11<-10dB as the standing wave bandwidth of the antenna. In general, the larger the standing wave bandwidth is the better.

[0035] Radiation pattern: the radiation pattern is a graph that describes the dependence between the intensity and direction (angle) of the radio waves emitted by an antenna or other signal source.

[0036] In the field of wireless communication technology, when the distance between the two conductors of the transmission line is very close, the electric field is almost entirely bound between the two conductors, so the radiation is very weak. The two wires gradually open up, the electric power line becomes longer, and remains perpendicular to the surface of the wire. When the two wires open up and are perpendicular to the transmission line, the electric power line becomes longer to a certain length, allowing the electric power line to break away from the transmission line to form radiation. It must be pointed out that only when the length of the wire is comparable to the wavelength of the transmission line wave, can a strong radiation be formed, otherwise the radiation is still very weak.

[0037] The integrated antenna in the actual product is only the feed line inside the transmission line antenna, and the ground plate is replaced by the ground wire. According to the principle of image, the ground plate will also produce a corresponding current distribution.

[0038] Antenna efficiency η a The definition is the ratio of the antenna radiation power P ε to the input power P i , that is:

[0039]

[0040] Where P1 is the ohmic loss;

[0041] Definition: assuming that the antenna radiation resistance is R ε , when the current passing through it is the maximum current on the antenna, the power loss is equal to its radiation power, from which the antenna radiation power P εAnd the ohmic loss P1 is calculated by the formula:

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] Substitute the formula (2) and (3) into the formula (1) to obtain:

[0045]

[0046] Since the antenna radiation resistance:

[0047]

[0048] Wherein, L is the length of the antenna, and it can be inferred from the antenna efficiency calculation formula that the antenna size is proportional to the antenna efficiency. Since miniaturized antenna will inevitably cause the antenna efficiency to decrease.

[0049] At present, in order to meet the size of integrated antenna, the performance improvement of Sub_1GHz is a difficult problem in the industry, and the antenna performance is often sacrificed to meet the product size. And how to improve the antenna performance by improving the radiation ability of the antenna ground is a problem to be solved in the field of wireless communication technology.

[0050] Therefore, the present application provides an integrated antenna and electronic device capable of improving the antenna radiation performance and improving the radiation efficiency. It is particularly suitable for some SUB_1GHz products, which are small in size and have small antenna clearance. While maintaining the miniaturization of the integrated antenna, the ground radiation antenna technology is used to process the floor layer of the integrated antenna, change the current path of the floor layer, make the floor layer have a large area of current, improve the antenna radiation performance, and thus improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The ground radiation antenna technology is a new technology that can greatly improve the antenna performance under the same antenna form and environment by reasonably designing and arranging the ground (hardware board).

[0051] The integrated antenna and electronic device of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The features in the following embodiments and implementation manners can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0052] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the integrated antenna 20 of the electronic device 10 of the present application is shown. Figure 2 The structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the integrated antenna 20 of the electronic device 10 of the present application is shown. Figure 1 The current path diagram of the integrated antenna 20 of the electronic device 10 is shown. Figure 1 And Figure 2In the illustrated embodiment, the electronic device 10 comprises an integrated antenna 20. The integrated antenna 20 comprises a dielectric substrate 21 and an antenna radiator 22. The dielectric substrate 21 comprises a ground plane layer 211 and a clearance area 212, and the ground plane layer 211 is provided with a slit 213 communicating with the clearance area 212. The antenna radiator 22 is arranged in the clearance area 212. The antenna radiator 22 is configured to transmit and receive electromagnetic signals. The dielectric substrate 21 is made of an insulating material. In some embodiments, the dielectric substrate 21 comprises a multi-layer board, and the clearance area 212 refers to a corresponding area in each layer of the board. The dielectric substrate 21 comprises a plurality of circuit board layers between the top surface and the bottom surface, and the ground plane layer 211 is arranged on the surface of the top surface, the bottom surface and / or the circuit board layer between the top surface and the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate 21. In other embodiments, the dielectric substrate 21 is a single-layer board, and the ground plane layer 211 is arranged on the top surface and / or the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate 21.

[0053] In Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the antenna radiator 22 comprises a feed point 221, and the antenna radiator 22 and the slit 213 are located on the same side of the feed point 221. In this way, the electric field energy of the antenna radiator 22 is radiated onto the ground plane layer 211, and the ground plane layer 211 is divided into two parts by the slit 213, so that the antenna radiator 22 is separated from the ground plane layer 211. While maintaining the miniaturization of the integrated antenna 20, the ground radiation antenna technology is used to change the current path of the ground plane layer 211 of the integrated antenna 20, so that a large-area current exists on the ground plane layer 211 (as shown in the figure), thereby improving the radiation performance of the integrated antenna 20 and thus improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna. Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the antenna radiator 22 comprises a feed point 221, and the antenna radiator 22 and the slit 213 are located on the same side of the feed point 221. In this way, the electric field energy of the antenna radiator 22 is radiated onto the ground plane layer 211, and the ground plane layer 211 is divided into two parts by the slit 213, so that the antenna radiator 22 is separated from the ground plane layer 211. While maintaining the miniaturization of the integrated antenna 20, the ground radiation antenna technology is used to change the current path of the ground plane layer 211 of the integrated antenna 20, so that a large-area current exists on the ground plane layer 211 (as shown in the figure), thereby improving the radiation performance of the integrated antenna 20 and thus improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0054] In Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the electronic device 10 is a wireless device, and the frequency of the integrated antenna 20 of the wireless device is up to 1 GHz. For electronic devices with a frequency of 1 GHz, the size of the antenna is large, the size of the product is small, and it is difficult to achieve the target value (antenna efficiency of more than 20%) of the antenna performance. The design of the integrated antenna 20 described above is used for such products to improve the radiation performance and radiation efficiency of the integrated antenna while maintaining the miniaturization and small clearance area of the integrated antenna 20.

[0055] In Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the electronic device 10 comprises a lens assembly (not shown), a circuit board 101 connected to the lens assembly, and a cable 102 connected to the circuit board 101. The lens assembly is connected to the ground plane layer 211 of the integrated antenna 20 through the cable 102, and the slit 213 is arranged between the feed point 221 and the connection point 103 of the ground plane layer 211. The slit 213 is used to divide the ground plane layer 211 into two parts, so that the feed point 221 is separated from the connection point 103, thereby changing the current path of the ground plane layer 211, so that a large-area current exists on the ground plane layer 211 (as shown in the figure), thereby improving the radiation performance of the integrated antenna 20 and thus improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna. Figure 2The signal line 23 is arranged in the clearance area 212, and the feed point 221 is connected to the antenna radiator 22 through the signal line 23. By arranging the signal line 23 in the clearance area 212, the signal line 23 itself can be used as a part of the antenna radiator 22, increasing the radiation area and shortening the length of the antenna radiator 22, so that the volume of the antenna radiator 22 is smaller. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the antenna radiator 22 is arranged close to the cable 102, which can be used as a parasitic radiator of the antenna radiator 22. The cable 102 can also have some radiation function, further enhancing the antenna radiation function of the electronic device 10.

[0056] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the device mounting hole 214 is arranged through the thickness of the dielectric substrate 21, and the gap 213 is in communication with the device mounting hole 214. In this way, the device mounting hole 214 and the gap 213 are in communication, so as to change the current path of the floor layer 211 and increase the current area of the floor layer 211 (as shown in FIG. 4), thereby enhancing the antenna radiation performance and improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna. Figure 1 Figure 2 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the device mounting hole 214 includes a first device mounting hole 215 and a second device mounting hole 216, the gap 213 is in communication with the first device mounting hole 215, and the first device mounting hole 215 and the second device mounting hole 216 are arranged in a direction away from the clearance area 212 and are spaced apart. In this way, the first device mounting hole 215 and the second device mounting hole 216, and the first device mounting hole 215 and the gap 213 are in communication, so as to change the current path of the floor layer 211 and increase the current area of the floor layer 211 (as shown in FIG. 6), thereby enhancing the antenna radiation performance and improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna. Figure 2

[0057] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the device mounting hole 214 includes a first device mounting hole 215 and a second device mounting hole 216, the gap 213 is in communication with the first device mounting hole 215, and the first device mounting hole 215 and the second device mounting hole 216 are arranged in a direction away from the clearance area 212 and are spaced apart. In this way, the first device mounting hole 215 and the second device mounting hole 216, and the first device mounting hole 215 and the gap 213 are in communication, so as to change the current path of the floor layer 211 and increase the current area of the floor layer 211 (as shown in FIG. 8), thereby enhancing the antenna radiation performance and improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna. Figure 1 Figure 2 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the signal line 23 is arranged in the clearance area 212, and the feed point 221 is connected to the antenna radiator 22 through the signal line 23. By arranging the signal line 23 in the clearance area 212, the signal line 23 itself can be used as a part of the antenna radiator 22, increasing the radiation area and shortening the length of the antenna radiator 22, so that the volume of the antenna radiator 22 is smaller. Figure 2

[0058] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the antenna radiator 22 further includes a grounding point 222. The grounding point 222 is connected to the floor layer 211, and the feed point 221 is located on a side away from the gap 213 relative to the grounding point 222. In this way, the interference of the radiation source on the feed point 221 is reduced, so that the transmission and reception of electromagnetic signals is stable. Figure 1 Figure 2 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the antenna radiator 22 further includes a grounding point 222. The grounding point 222 is connected to the floor layer 211, and the feed point 221 is located on a side away from the gap 213 relative to the grounding point 222. In this way, the interference of the radiation source on the feed point 221 is reduced, so that the transmission and reception of electromagnetic signals is stable.

[0059] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the antenna radiator 22 further includes a grounding point 222. The grounding point 222 is connected to the floor layer 211, and the feed point 221 is located on a side away from the gap 213 relative to the grounding point 222. In this way, the interference of the radiation source on the feed point 221 is reduced, so that the transmission and reception of electromagnetic signals is stable. Figure 1 Figure 2 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, the antenna radiator 22 further includes a grounding point 222. The grounding point 222 is connected to the floor layer 211, and the feed point 221 is located on a side away from the gap 213 relative to the grounding point 222. In this way, the interference of the radiation source on the feed point 221 is reduced, so that the transmission and reception of electromagnetic signals is stable.

[0060] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the antenna radiator 22 further includes a grounding point 222. The grounding point 222 is connected to the floor layer 211, and the feed point 221 is located on a side away from the gap 213 relative to the grounding point 222. In this way, the interference of the radiation source on the feed point 221 is reduced, so that the transmission and reception of electromagnetic signals is stable. Figure 1 Figure 2 ​​​​​​​In the shown embodiment, the antenna radiator 22 comprises a spiral tube made of metal material. The spiral tube can be a metal spring. One end of the metal spring is fixed to the signal trace 23, and the other end is suspended. The metal spring has a small volume. In other embodiments, the antenna radiator 22 comprises a metal piece on board. In other embodiments, the antenna radiator 22 comprises a metal insert. In yet other embodiments, the antenna radiator 22 comprises a metal patch.

[0061] Figure 3 A working frequency diagram of an integrated antenna of the related art is shown. Figure 4 An antenna gain diagram of the integrated antenna of the related art is shown. In the related art, the surface current trace of the integrated antenna is in a small area range, and the floor layer has little current. Figure 5 A wireless device is shown, whose integrated antenna has a working frequency band of 433MHz, Figure 4 A gain diagram of the integrated antenna is shown. The gain of the integrated antenna at 433MHz is -4dBi (-4.1973dBi), which is low in performance.

[0062] Figure 5 A working frequency diagram of the integrated antenna of the present application is shown. Figure 6 An antenna gain diagram of the integrated antenna of the present application is shown. Figure 5 A wireless device is shown, whose improved integrated antenna has a working frequency band of 433MHz. Figure 6 A gain diagram of the integrated antenna is shown. The gain of the integrated antenna is -0.5dBi (-0.52331dBi), which is about 3.5dB higher than before. As can be seen, in the embodiment of the present application, the floor layer 211 is divided into two parts by the slot 213, so that the antenna radiator 22 is separated from the floor layer 211. While keeping the integrated antenna 20 small, the ground radiation antenna technology is used to process the floor layer 211 of the integrated antenna 20, change the current path of the floor layer 211, and make the floor layer 211 have a large area of current (as shown), so as to improve the antenna radiation performance and thus improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna. Figure 2

[0063] Figure 7 ​The structure diagram of another embodiment of the integrated antenna of the present application is shown. The clearance area 212 can be a rectangular area, and the slot 213 can be a rectangular slot, the length direction of the rectangular slot being perpendicular to the length direction of the clearance area. The length dimension of the rectangular slot is greater than the width dimension. In some embodiments, the maximum dimension of the length of the rectangular slot ranges from 10 mm to 50 mm. In some embodiments, the maximum dimension of the length of the rectangular slot is 10 mm or 15 mm or 20 mm or 25 mm or 30 mm or 35 mm or 40 mm or 45 mm or 50 mm, and the preferred value is 30 mm. In some embodiments, the minimum dimension of the width of the rectangular straight notch ranges from 1 mm to 5 mm. In some embodiments, the minimum dimension of the width of the rectangular straight notch is 1 mm or 2 mm or 3 mm or 4 mm or 5 mm. In this way, by setting the width dimension and the length dimension of the slot 213 appropriately, the radiation performance of the antenna can be improved, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0064] In addition, the processing of the floor layer 211 can be not only straight isolation, but also bending or other pattern cutting. For example, in some other embodiments, the slot is an L-shaped slot. In some other embodiments, the slot is an arc-shaped slot. In this way, the purpose is to change the current routing path of the floor layer 211, increase the aperture area of the antenna, and improve the gain and efficiency of the antenna.

[0065] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated antenna, characterized in that, include: A dielectric substrate includes a floor layer and a clearance area, wherein the floor layer has a gap communicating with the clearance area; An antenna radiator is disposed in the clearance area; The antenna radiator includes a feed point; the antenna radiator and the slot are located on the same side of the feed point; The signal trace is located within the clearance area, and the feed point is connected to the antenna radiator through the signal trace. The dielectric substrate includes a device mounting hole extending along its own thickness direction, and the gap communicates with the device mounting hole.

2. The integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clearance area is a rectangular area, and the gap is a rectangular gap, with the length direction of the rectangular gap perpendicular to the length direction of the clearance area.

3. The integrated antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The maximum length of the rectangular slit is 10mm to 50mm; and / or The minimum width of the rectangular slit is 1mm to 5mm.

4. The integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gap is an L-shaped gap or an arc-shaped gap.

5. The integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device mounting holes include a first device mounting hole and a second device mounting hole. The gap communicates with the first device mounting hole. The first device mounting hole and the second device mounting hole are arranged in a direction away from the clearance area and are spaced apart.

6. The integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna radiator includes a spiral tube made of metal; or an onboard metal component; or a metal insert; or a metal patch.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The integrated antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The electronic device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electronic device is a wireless device, and the frequency of the integrated antenna of the wireless device is up to 1 GHz.

9. The electronic device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a lens assembly connected to the floor layer via a cable, and the gap is located between the power supply point and the connection point on the floor layer where the cable is connected.

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