A laser-arc hybrid welding device and method with single-light input and double-light output

Abstract

The present invention discloses a laser-arc hybrid welding device and method with single-light input and double-light output, which relates to the field of material processing engineering. The device includes an outer cover of the main optical path, and a first optical path splitter outer cover and a second optical path splitter outer cover are respectively communicated with one side of the outer cover of the main optical path. A beam splitting lens is arranged in the outer cover of the main optical path, and the beam splitting lens is used for splitting the total beam emitted by the laser and entering the outer cover of the main optical path into a first sub-beam and a second sub-beam, and the first sub-beam and the second sub-beam are respectively emitted through the lenses at the bottoms of the first optical path splitter outer cover and the second optical path splitter outer cover. An arc device is respectively arranged on one side of the bottoms of the first optical path splitter outer cover and the second optical path splitter outer cover, and the arc device is connected with an arc welding power source for the arc. The horizontal distance between the first optical path splitter outer cover and the second optical path splitter outer cover can be adjusted. The welding method based on the above device of the present invention can split one input laser beam into two laser beams, which are respectively combined with the arc, improving the welding efficiency and enhancing the welding quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of material processing engineering, and particularly to a laser-arc hybrid welding device and method with single light input and dual light outputs. Background Art

[0002] Laser and laser-arc hybrid welding have technical advantages such as low heat input during welding, small post-welding deformation, and high welding efficiency, and their application scope in the engineering field has been continuously expanding in recent years. However, traditional single laser and laser oscillating welding can generally only be applied to the connection of precision components, and it is relatively difficult to apply in working conditions with large misalignment and gaps. Conventional laser-arc hybrid welding is an effective method to solve the engineering application problems of single laser and laser oscillating welding. However, conventional laser-arc hybrid welding also has technical bottlenecks such as low welding efficiency and insufficient adaptability to welding working conditions in more complex working conditions. How to further improve welding efficiency and welding quality while reducing production costs is the core issue that the current industrial technology development has been continuously concerned about. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser-arc hybrid welding device and method with single light input and dual light outputs to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can divide a beam of input laser into two beams of laser, respectively combine with the arc, improve welding efficiency, and enhance welding quality.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a laser-arc hybrid welding device with single light input and dual light outputs, including a main optical path outer cover arranged vertically. One side of the main optical path outer cover is communicated with a first split optical path outer cover, and one side of the bottom of the main optical path outer cover is communicated with a second split optical path outer cover. A beam splitting lens is arranged inside the main optical path outer cover, and the beam splitting lens is used to divide the total beam emitted by the laser and entering the main optical path outer cover into a first split beam for entering the first split optical path outer cover and a second split beam for entering the second split optical path outer cover. The first split beam and the second split beam can be vertically emitted after passing through the lenses at the bottoms of the first split optical path outer cover and the second split optical path outer cover respectively. An arc device is arranged on one side of the bottom of each of the first split optical path outer cover and the second split optical path outer cover, and the arc device is connected with an arc welding power source for the arc. The horizontal distance between the first split optical path outer cover and the second split optical path outer cover can be adjusted.

[0006] Optionally, the first optical beam splitting housing includes a horizontally extending section, an inclined section, and a vertically extending section that are connected in sequence. The horizontally extending section of the first optical beam splitting housing is connected to one side of the main optical path housing through a displacement adjusting device. The second optical beam splitting housing has the same structure as the first optical beam splitting housing. The horizontally extending section of the second optical beam splitting housing is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the main optical path housing. A reflecting mirror is provided at the bottom of the main optical path housing, and the reflecting mirror can reflect the second split light beam into the second optical beam splitting housing.

[0007] Optionally, the displacement adjusting device includes a displacement adjusting rack fixedly provided on the outer wall of the first optical beam splitting housing. The horizontally extending section of the first optical beam splitting housing is movably inserted into a horizontally connecting portion on the side wall of the main optical path housing. A displacement adjusting knob is movably provided on the horizontally connecting portion, and the displacement adjusting knob is meshed and connected with the displacement adjusting rack.

[0008] Optionally, a first X mirror is mounted by a first X motor at the connection position between the horizontally extending section and the inclined section inside the first optical beam splitting housing. A first Y mirror is mounted by a first Y motor at the connection position between the inclined section and the vertically extending section inside the first optical beam splitting housing. A first lens is provided at the bottom of the vertically extending section of the first optical beam splitting housing. A second X mirror is mounted by a second X motor at the connection position between the horizontally extending section and the inclined section inside the second optical beam splitting housing. A second Y mirror is mounted by a second Y motor at the connection position between the inclined section and the vertically extending section inside the second optical beam splitting housing. A second lens is provided at the bottom of the vertically extending section of the second optical beam splitting housing.

[0009] Optionally, the beam splitting lenses include a set of beam splitting sheets with reflectivity ranging from 0% to 100%, transmittance ranging from 100% to 0%, and a difference of 10%. The sum of the reflectivity and transmittance of each beam splitting sheet is 100%. The lens group is composed of 11 beam splitting sheets, and the lenses can be replaced according to actual requirements.

[0010] Optionally, the length adjustment range of the displacement adjusting rack is between 𝑚𝑚, the initial distance between the first split light beam and the second split light beam is between 30 - 50 𝑚𝑚, and the adjustment distance between the first split light beam and the second split light beam is between 30 - 100 𝑚𝑚.

[0011] The present invention also provides a laser - arc hybrid welding method with single - light input and double - light output, including the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: According to the welding technical requirements, determine the groove processing form based on the laser power and the arc filling ability.

[0013] Step 2: Set the defocus amounts f of the first split beam and the second split beam, the swing frequencies F1 and F2, the swing amplitudes D1 and D2, the swing modes and directions, and the corresponding laser powers P1 and P2, the welding currents A1 and A2 of the first arc and the second arc, and the welding speed V;

[0014] Step 3: Respectively set the distance L1 between the first split beam and the second split beam, the distance L3 between the first split beam and the first arc, and the distance L2 between the second split beam and the second arc;

[0015] Step 4: According to the characteristics of the welded sample, respectively set the start-stop signal timings of the laser, the first arc, and the second arc when they change along the welding trajectory. The start signals of the laser, the first arc, and the second arc using the arc welding power sources are all at the same position, and the trigger of the end signal is also at the same position;

[0016] Step 5: Check whether the working states of the equipment, including the laser equipment, the arc welding power source for the first arc, the arc welding power source for the second arc, and the controlled cooling equipment, are normal;

[0017] Step 6: Start the equipment to start welding. The welding process includes: First, a beam of input laser is split into two laser beams by a beam splitter with customizable energy ratio. The two laser beams pass through the beam transmission module and reach the highly reflective mirror driven by the programmable control motor. The motor drives the highly reflective mirror to swing, which can realize the regulation of the beam swing mode. The two laser beams are arranged in series along the welding direction. In addition, the distance between the irradiation areas of the two beams on the test plate surface can be adjusted by the high-precision displacement adjustment device of the rack and pinion. The front and rear two lasers are respectively the swinging first split beam and the swinging second split beam; the two arcs are also divided into the first arc and the second arc along the welding direction according to their positions. Among them, the first arc is located at the front end of the irradiation area of the first split beam, and the second arc is located at the rear end of the irradiation area of the second split beam. The heat source formed by the first split beam and the first arc is the first composite heat source, and the heat source formed by the second split beam and the second arc is the second composite heat source. In the actual welding process, the weld bead formed by the composite welding of the first split beam and the first arc is the root pass weld bead, and the weld bead formed by the composite welding of the second beam and the second arc is the filler pass weld bead or the cover pass weld bead. This welding method can be used for the single-pass forming welding of medium-thick plates or the multi-layer and multi-pass welding of thick plates. In the above different welding applications, the roles played by the lasers and arcs at different positions are different.

[0018] When welding under complex working conditions with large gaps and misalignments in medium-thick plates (5 - 10 mm): (1) The laser power of the first split beam is set to be relatively small, the swing amplitude is relatively large, and the swing frequency is relatively high to achieve the welding effect of multi-frequency micro-melting filling and bridging; (2) The laser power of the second split beam is set to be relatively high, the swing amplitude is relatively small, and the swing frequency is relatively low to achieve efficient single-pass full penetration welding forming under complex working conditions.

[0019] When welding with small misalignment and gap in medium-thick plates (5 - 10 mm): The laser power of the first split beam is set relatively high, while the swing amplitude and swing frequency are relatively low, so as to achieve the effect of single-sided welding with double-sided forming for the root pass; (2) The laser power of the second split beam is set relatively low, the swing amplitude is large, and the swing frequency is low, so as to promote the flow of the molten pool and improve the spreadability of the cover pass weld bead.

[0020] When welding thick plates (15 - 50 mm): It involves root pass and multi-pass multi-layer filling welding. When performing root pass welding, the parameter settings of the first split beam and the first arc are the same as those when the misalignment and gap in medium-thick plates (5 - 10 mm) are small. When performing filling welding, the parameter settings of the first split beam and the first arc are the same as those of the second split beam and the second arc. The laser power is reduced and the swing amplitude is increased. Whether it is root pass welding or filling welding, the parameter settings of the second split beam and the second arc remain basically unchanged.

[0021] During the welding process, by coordinately controlling the swing directions of the two beams, the flow direction of the liquid molten pool can be controlled. For example, when the swing modes of aluminum alloy welding are the same, when the swing direction of the first split beam is opposite to that of the second split beam, the weld formation characteristics formed by the combination of the second split beam and the second arc can well compensate for the weld formation where the first split beam and the first arc deviate to one side. The complementarity between weld beads forms good weld formation characteristics, providing a good foundation for the welding of the subsequent layer or the lap between passes.

[0022] In addition, by adjusting the welding parameters of the first split beam, the first arc, the second split beam, and the second arc, and regulating the distance between the two composite heat sources through a high-precision displacement regulating device of a gear and rack, the thermal field of the entire welding process can be accurately regulated, and the accurate regulation of the heat cycle process of the weld bead can be achieved, which is of great significance for the welding of low-alloy steel.

[0023] Through the combined regulation of the chemical composition of the welding wire used in the first arc, the chemical composition of the welding wire used in the second arc, and the melting ratio of the base material, the comprehensive regulation of the weld composition can be realized. On this basis, combined with the above-mentioned weld bead heat cycle control method, the accurate regulation of the weld microstructure can be achieved, and further the purpose of optimizing the comprehensive mechanical properties of the entire welded joint can be realized.

[0024] In the actual application process, the first split beam, the second split beam, the first arc, and the second arc can be freely combined according to the actual welding needs, which can not only realize the simultaneous application of the two composite heat sources, but also realize the independent application of a single heat source to meet different welding requirements.

[0025] During the welding process of medium - thick plates (5 - 10 mm) under complex working conditions, when the gap w is between 1 and 3 mm and the misalignment h is between 2 and 4 mm: (1) The laser power of the first split beam is set relatively small, its swing amplitude is set between 2 - 4 mm, and the swing frequency is set between 200 - 300 HZ. The molten pool formed after the combination of the first arc and the first split beam mainly serves to fill the gap and bridge the misalignment on both sides of the end face to be welded, while the molten pool formed after the combination of the second split beam and the second arc serves the purpose of single - side welding with double - side formation.

[0026] The laser and laser - arc hybrid torch refers to a welding device that can meet the requirements of single / double - path swing laser welding while also meeting the requirements of single / double - path swing laser - arc hybrid welding in practical applications;

[0027] The method of splitting a laser beam into two beams is based on the principle of a beam splitter with controllable reflectivity and transmissivity. An incident laser beam is split in a manner where the energy and transmission path are controllable, and then transmitted to the corresponding optical paths respectively;

[0028] The realization of the two - optical - path swing mode is achieved by using a programmable motor to drive a total - reflection mirror to move at a certain angular velocity and a preset trajectory. Through the linkage control of the x - mirror and the y - mirror, the beam at the focal position swings in a certain shape and frequency;

[0029] The angle between the center line of the laser beam and the horizontal plane is between 80° - 85°, and the fixture between the arc - welding torch and the horizontal plane is between 60° - 80°;

[0030] The reflectivity of the total - reflection mirror to the laser is above 99.99%;

[0031] The laser energy of the total beam can reach 20 kW, and the laser energy of the two split optical paths can reach 10 kW respectively.

[0032] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0033] The torch design of the present invention that adopts one-way laser input and two-way laser output can effectively reduce the volume of the torch for double-beam double-arc welding by 70%, reduce the one-time input cost of the laser and the laser gun, and improve the applicability of the welding process. Compared with the conventional single-arc single-laser hybrid welding technology, this welding technology can not only solve the problem of weld formation when there is a gap of 1 - 3 mm and an offset of 2 - 4 mm, but also increase the one-time welding formation thickness of the welded workpiece by 280%, and the welding efficiency is increased by 200% - 350%. The swinging modes of the two beams of the torch for this welding method can be independently adjusted according to the actual welding requirements, meeting the welding requirements under various types of materials, various sizes of structures and complex working conditions. By setting the welding parameters of the first split beam and the first arc, the technical problem of non-formation of the front and back surfaces of the weld under complex working conditions (large gap, large offset) can be greatly improved, providing good bridging ability for the one-time high-efficiency formation of the second split beam and the second arc under this working condition. In addition, the coordinated control of the swinging modes of the two beams can significantly improve the weld formation quality, providing a good formation basis for multi-pass multi-layer welding of thick plates. This technical method can realize the regulation of the weld composition by reasonably setting the welding wire for the first arc, the welding wire for the second arc, the base material and the process parameters (controlling the base material fusion ratio), accurately regulate the heat cycle process of the weld bead by adjusting the distance between the composite heat sources, and comprehensively regulate the weld structure and performance through the combined control of the weld composition and the heat cycle process, improving the service performance of the entire welded joint. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a laser-arc hybrid welding device with single-light input and double-light output of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a 2:1 enlarged schematic diagram of part Ⅰ in;

[0037] Description of reference numerals: 1 - total light beam, 2 - first split light beam, 3 - second split light beam, 4 - beam splitter lens, 5 - mirror, 6 - second X mirror, 7 - second Y mirror, 8 - first X mirror, 9 - first Y mirror, 10 - second lens, 11 - first lens, 12 - second X motor, 13 - second Y motor, 14 - first X motor, 15 - first Y motor, 16 - displacement adjustment knob, 17 - displacement adjustment rack, 18 - first arc, 19 - second arc, 20 - main optical path housing, 21 - first split optical path housing, 22 - second split optical path housing. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] The object of the present invention is to provide a laser-arc hybrid welding device and method with single-light input and dual-light output, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can split one input laser beam into two laser beams and respectively combine them with the arc, improving the welding efficiency and welding quality.

[0040] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0041] The present invention provides a laser-arc hybrid welding device with single-light input and dual-light output, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, which includes a vertically arranged main optical path housing 20. One side of the main optical path housing 20 is communicated with a first split optical path housing 21, and one side of the bottom of the main optical path housing 20 is communicated with a second split optical path housing 22. A beam splitter lens 4 is arranged in the main optical path housing 20. The beam splitter lens 4 is used to split the total light beam 1 emitted by the laser and entering the main optical path housing 20 into a first split light beam 2 for entering the first split optical path housing 21 and a second split light beam 3 for entering the second split optical path housing 22. The first split light beam 2 and the second split light beam 3 can be vertically emitted after passing through the first lens 11 and the second lens 10 at the bottoms of the first split optical path housing 21 and the second split optical path housing 22 respectively. An arc device is arranged on one side of the bottom of each of the first split optical path housing 21 and the second split optical path housing 22. The arc device is connected to an arc welding power source for the arc, and is used to respectively emit a first arc 18 and a second arc 19. The horizontal distance between the first split optical path housing 21 and the second split optical path housing 22 can be adjusted.

[0042] Further preferably, the first optical path housing 21 includes a horizontally extending section, an inclined section and a vertically extending section which are connected in sequence. The horizontally extending section of the first optical path housing 21 is connected to one side of the main optical path housing 20 through a displacement adjusting device; the second optical path housing 22 has the same structure as the first optical path housing 21, and the horizontally extending section of the second optical path housing 22 is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the main optical path housing 20; a reflecting mirror 5 is provided at the bottom of the main optical path housing 20, and the reflecting mirror 5 can reflect the second light beam 6 into the second optical path housing 55. As Figure 2 shown, the displacement adjusting device includes a displacement adjusting rack 17 fixedly provided on the outer wall of the first optical path housing 21. The horizontally extending section of the first optical path housing 21 is movably inserted into a horizontally connecting portion on the side wall of the main optical path housing 20. A displacement adjusting knob 16 is movably provided on the horizontally connecting portion, and the displacement adjusting knob 16 is meshed with the displacement adjusting rack 17. A first X mirror 8 is installed at the connecting position between the horizontally extending section and the inclined section in the first optical path housing 21 through a first X motor 14. A first Y mirror 9 is installed at the connecting position between the inclined section and the vertically extending section in the first optical path housing 21 through a first Y motor 15. A first lens 11 is provided at the bottom of the vertically extending section of the first optical path housing 21; a second X mirror 6 is installed at the connecting position between the horizontally extending section and the inclined section in the second optical path housing 22 through a second X motor 12. A second Y mirror 7 is installed at the connecting position between the inclined section and the vertically extending section in the second optical path housing 22 through a second Y motor 13. A second lens 10 is provided at the bottom of the vertically extending section of the second optical path housing 22. The beam splitting lens 4 includes a set of beam splitting sheets with reflectivity ranging from 0% to 100%, transmittance ranging from 100% to 0%, and a difference of 10%. The sum of the reflectivity and transmittance of each beam splitting sheet is 100%. The lens group is composed of 11 beam splitting sheets, and the lenses can be replaced according to actual requirements. The length adjustment range of the displacement adjusting rack is between 0 and 50 mm. The initial distance between the first light beam and the second light beam is 30 - 50 mm, and the adjustment distance between the first light beam 2 and the second light beam 3 is between 30 and 100 mm.

[0043] The present invention also provides a laser-arc hybrid welding method with single light input and double light output, including the following steps:

[0044] Step 1, according to the welding technical requirements, determine the groove processing form based on the laser power and the arc filling ability;

[0045] Step 2, set the defocus amounts f, the oscillation frequencies F1 and F2, the oscillation amplitudes D1 and D2, the oscillation modes and directions of the first light beam 2 and the second light beam 3, and the corresponding laser powers P1 and P2, the welding currents A1 and A2 of the first arc and the second arc, and the welding speed V;

[0046] Step 3: Set the distance L1 between the first split light beam 2 and the second split light beam 3, the distance L3 between the first split light beam 2 and the first electric arc 18, and the distance L2 between the second split light beam 3 and the second electric arc 19 respectively;

[0047] Step 4: According to the characteristics of the welded sample, set the start-stop signal timings of the laser, the first electric arc 18, and the second electric arc 19 when they change along the welding trajectory respectively. The start signals of the laser, the first electric arc, and the second electric arc using the arc welding power source are all at the same position, and the triggering of the end signals is also at the same position;

[0048] Step 5: Check whether the working states of the equipment, including the laser equipment, the arc welding power source for the first electric arc, the arc welding power source for the second electric arc, and the cooling control equipment, are normal;

[0049] Step 6: Start the equipment to start welding.

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] Based on the technical key points of this method, taking the welding test plate of 8 mm thick Q960 high-strength steel as an example for illustration, the size of a single test plate is 1000 * 300 * 10 mm, the welding wire grade is ER100S-G, and the welding technical requirement is to achieve single-sided welding with double-sided one-pass forming under the working conditions of 2.5 mm misalignment, 3.0 mm gap, and no preheating, and there are no defects such as cracks and pores after welding. The specific welding operation steps are as follows:

[0052] Step 1: According to the welding ability of the laser, no groove needs to be machined for the 8 mm thick Q960 high-strength steel;

[0053] Step 2: Set the defocus amount f of the first split light beam and the second split light beam to 0 mm, the swing frequency F1 of the first split light beam to 200 HZ, the swing frequency F2 of the second split light beam to 80 HZ, the swing amplitude D1 of the first split light beam to 3.5 mm, the swing amplitude D2 of the second split light beam to 1.0 mm. Both the first split light beam and the second split light beam perform circular swings. The swing direction of the first split light beam is clockwise, and the swing direction of the second split light beam is counterclockwise. The laser powers of the first split light beam and the second split light beam are 2000 W and 9000 W respectively, the welding currents A1 and A2 of the first electric arc and the second electric arc are 180 A and 280 A respectively, and the welding speed V is 1.2 m / min;

[0054] Step 3: Set the distance L1 between the first split light beam and the second split light beam to 80 mm, the distance L3 between the first split light beam and the first electric arc to 1 mm, and the distance L2 between the second split light beam and the second electric arc to 5 mm respectively;

[0055] Step 4: According to the characteristics of the welded sample, set the start-stop signal timings of the laser, the first arc, and the second arc when they change with the welding trajectory respectively. The start signals of the laser, the first arc, and the second arc using the arc welding power source are all at the same position, and the triggering of the end signals is also at the same position.

[0056] Step 5: Check whether the working states of the equipment, including the laser equipment, the arc welding power source for the first arc, the arc welding power source for the second arc, and the controlled cooling equipment, are normal.

[0057] Step 6: Start the equipment to start welding.

[0058] In the working condition of 8-mm-thick Q960 high-strength steel with a misalignment of 2.5 mm and a gap of 3.0 mm, the conventional laser-arc hybrid welding method cannot effectively solve the welding quality problem of single-sided welding with double-sided forming, and it is necessary to carry out preheating welding under the condition of opening a groove, which not only reduces the welding efficiency but also increases the welding cost. The new welding method developed by the double-swing laser-double-arc hybrid welding device, on the basis of solving single-sided welding with double-sided forming, realizes one-time welding forming without preheating, the welding efficiency is increased by 300%, and there are no defects such as cracks and pores inside the weld. Through the reasonable control of the distance between the welding heat sources, the content of lower bainite in the welded joint increases by 13%, which has significant technical advantages for improving the comprehensive mechanical properties during the service process of the welded joint.

[0059] Example 2:

[0060] Integrating the technical key points of this method, taking the welding test plate of 40-mm-thick Q1100 high-strength steel as an example for illustration, the size of a single test plate is 500*400*40 mm, the welding wire for the first arc is ER100S-G, the welding wire for the second arc is ER120S-G, and the welding technical requirements are that the welding efficiency is increased by more than 250% under the condition of not preheating, the tensile property of the welded joint reaches more than 90% of the base metal after welding, and there are no defects such as cracks and pores after welding. The specific welding operation steps are as follows:

[0061] Step 1: According to the welding ability of the laser, the 40-mm-thick Q1100 high-strength steel needs to be processed into a Y-shaped groove with a blunt edge of 12 mm and a groove angle of 36°.

[0062] Step 2: Set the defocus amount f of the first split beam and the second split beam to +2 mm, the swing frequency F1 of the first split beam to 80 HZ, and the swing frequency F2 of the second split beam to 60 HZ. The swing amplitude D1 of the first split beam varies according to the requirements of backing and filling (the swing amplitude for backing welding is 1.2 mm, and the swing amplitude for filling welding is 2.0 mm). The swing amplitude D2 of the second split beam is always 3 mm. Both the first split beam and the second split beam perform circular swings. The swing direction of the first split beam is clockwise, and the swing direction of the second split beam is counterclockwise. The laser power of the first split beam varies according to the requirements of backing and filling (the laser power for backing welding is 12000 W, and the laser power for filling welding is 2000 W). The laser power of the second split beam is always 2000 W. The welding currents A1 and A2 of the first arc and the second arc are 200 A and 280 A respectively, and the welding speed V is 1.0 m / min;

[0063] Step 3: Set the distance L1 between the first split beam and the second split beam to 60 mm, the distance L3 between the first split beam and the first arc to 3 mm, and the distance L2 between the second split beam and the second arc to 5 mm respectively;

[0064] Step 4: According to the characteristics of the welded sample, set the start-stop signal timings of the laser, the first arc, and the second arc when they change along the welding trajectory respectively. The start signals of the laser, the first arc, and the second arc using the arc welding power source are all at the same position, and the trigger of the end signal is also at the same position;

[0065] Step 5: Check whether the working states of the equipment, including the laser equipment, the arc welding power source for the first arc, the arc welding power source for the second arc, and the cooling control equipment, are normal;

[0066] Step 6: Start the equipment to start welding;

[0067] Using the developed double-swing laser-double-arc hybrid welding method, the development of the non-preheating, high-quality backing and filling welding technology for 40-mm-thick Q1100 high-strength steel has been successfully achieved. Compared with arc welding, this method significantly reduces the groove size, reduces the consumption of welding wire and welding deformation. Compared with conventional laser-arc hybrid welding, this technical method reduces the number of filling passes, which is beneficial for the control of welding quality. Compared with arc welding and conventional laser-arc hybrid welding technologies, the welding efficiency has been increased by 750% and 250% respectively, and the welding deformation has been reduced by 300% and 80% respectively. There are certain differences in the mechanical properties of the deposited metal of the welding wire used for the first arc and the second arc. The laminated bead distribution makes the impact toughness increase by about 20%, but the tensile strength of the weld seam remains almost unchanged.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0069] Specific examples are used in the present invention to illustrate the principles and implementation manners of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for helping to understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser-arc hybrid welding device with single-light input and double-light output, characterized in that: It includes a main optical path housing arranged vertically. One side of the main optical path housing is connected to a first split optical path housing, and one side of the bottom of the main optical path housing is connected to a second split optical path housing. A splitting lens is arranged inside the main optical path housing. The splitting lens is used to divide the total beam emitted by the laser and entering the main optical path housing into a first split beam for entering the first split optical path housing and a second split beam for entering the second split optical path housing. The first split beam and the second split beam can be emitted respectively after passing through the lenses at the bottoms of the first split optical path housing and the second split optical path housing. Taking an 8-mm-thick Q960 high-strength steel welded test plate as the workpiece, the laser powers of the first split beam and the second split beam are 2000 W and 9000 W respectively, the welding currents A1 and A2 of the first arc and the second arc are 180 A and 280 A respectively, and the welding speed V is 1.2 m / min. The distance L1 between the first split beam and the second split beam is set to be 80 mm, the distance L3 between the first split beam and the first arc is 1 mm, and the distance L2 between the second split beam and the second arc is 5 mm. An arc device is arranged on one side of the bottom of each of the first split optical path housing and the second split optical path housing, and the arc device is connected to an arc welding power source for the arc. The horizontal distance between the first split optical path housing and the second split optical path housing can be adjusted. Both the first split beam and the second split beam perform circular swinging, the swinging direction of the first split beam is clockwise, and the swinging direction of the second split beam is counterclockwise. The first split optical path housing includes a horizontal section, an inclined section, and a vertical section connected in sequence. The horizontal section of the first split optical path housing is connected to one side of the main optical path housing through a displacement adjustment device. The second split optical path housing has the same structure as the first split optical path housing, and the horizontal section of the second split optical path housing is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the main optical path housing. A reflecting mirror is arranged at the bottom of the main optical path housing, and the reflecting mirror can reflect the second split beam into the second split optical path housing. A first X mirror is installed through a first X motor at the connection position between the horizontal section and the inclined section inside the first split optical path housing, a first Y mirror is installed through a first Y motor at the connection position between the inclined section and the vertical section inside the first split optical path housing, and a first lens is arranged at the bottom of the vertical section of the first split optical path housing. A second X mirror is installed through a second X motor at the connection position between the horizontal section and the inclined section inside the second split optical path housing, a second Y mirror is installed through a second Y motor at the connection position between the inclined section and the vertical section inside the second split optical path housing, and a second lens is arranged at the bottom of the vertical section of the second split optical path housing.

2. The laser-arc hybrid welding device with single-light input and double-light output according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement adjustment device includes a displacement adjustment rack fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the first split optical path housing. The horizontal section of the first split optical path housing is movably inserted into a horizontal connection part on the side wall of the main optical path housing. A displacement adjustment knob is movably arranged on the horizontal connection part, and the displacement adjustment knob is meshed with the displacement adjustment rack.

3. The laser-arc hybrid welding device with single-light input and double-light output according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length adjustment range of the displacement adjustment rack is between 0 and 50 mm, the initial distance between the first split beam and the second split beam is 30 - 50 mm, and the adjustment distance between the first split beam and the second split beam is between 30 and 100 mm.

4. A welding method using the laser-arc hybrid welding device with single-light input and double-light output according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1, according to the welding technical requirements, determine the groove processing form based on the laser power and the arc filling ability; Step 2, set the defocus amount, swing frequency, swing amplitude, swing mode and direction of the first split beam and the second split beam, as well as the corresponding laser power, the welding currents of the first arc and the second arc, and the welding speed; Step 3, respectively set the distance between the first split beam and the second split beam, the distance between the first split beam and the first arc, and the distance between the second split beam and the second arc; Step 4, respectively set the start-stop signal timing when the laser, the first arc and the second arc change along with the welding trajectory. The start signals of the laser, the first arc and the second arc using the arc welding power source are at the same position, and the trigger of the end signal is also at the same position; Step 5, check whether the working states of the laser, the arc welding power source for the first arc, the arc welding power source for the second arc, and the cooling control equipment are normal; Step 6, start the equipment to start welding.

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