mining machine
By designing the rocker arm, roller and coal connecting mechanism of the mining machine, the rapid conversion of coal connecting and rock cutting modes is achieved, the problem of thin coal seam and mixed rock assembly is solved, the coal recovery rate and production efficiency are improved, and the transportation and separation costs are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202211239784.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-10-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-10-11
AI Technical Summary
During coal mining, the coal seam is thin and mixed with rocks, resulting in low coal recovery, high transportation and separation costs, and the inability to directly mine coal into the chute, affecting production efficiency.
A mining machine is designed, using a rocker arm, roller and coal connecting mechanism. The coal connecting mechanism is arranged coaxially with the roller to form an eccentric structure. The rapid conversion of coal connecting and rock cutting modes is achieved through hydraulic drives. The elastic parts and adapter rods are used to ensure that the coal connecting mechanism is in close contact with the coal wall and does not block the fall of coal.
It realizes direct coal mining into the conveyor, reduces washing and selection processes, improves coal output rate and production efficiency, reduces labor intensity, improves coal recovery rate, and simplifies the process flow.
Smart Images
Figure CN115522922B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of digging machines, in particular to a digging machine. Background Art
[0002] In recent years, as coal mining has continued to increase in depth, the deeper the coal seam, the more rock there is, but the thinner the coal seam becomes. Consequently, large amounts of rock must be removed during mining. Furthermore, the coal and rock are mixed and transported. After being mined, the coal is mixed with the crushed rock, requiring surface washing and sorting. This not only increases costs during the transportation and separation of the gangue, but also reduces work efficiency and coal recovery rates. The inability to directly transfer the coal into the chute while it is being mined is a major problem. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one technical problem in the background technology and provide a digging machine.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a mining machine, comprising: a rocker arm, a roller, and a coal receiving mechanism, wherein the roller and the coal receiving mechanism are rotatably mounted on one end portion of the rocker arm, and the coal receiving mechanism is coaxially arranged with the roller; the coal receiving mechanism comprises a connecting portion coaxially arranged with the roller and rotatably connected to one end portion of the rocker arm, and a receiving portion connected to the connecting portion.
[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, the coal receiving mechanism further includes a transition portion connecting the receiving portion and the connecting portion, and the transition portion is connected to two corresponding side surfaces of the receiving portion and the connecting portion.
[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, the connecting portion includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, wherein one end of the first connecting rod is connected to one side of the connecting portion, and the other end is connected to one side of the receiving portion; and one end of the second connecting rod is connected to the other side of the connecting portion, and the other end is connected to the other side of the receiving portion;
[0007] One side of the connecting portion and the other side of the connecting portion are symmetrically arranged along a midline of the connecting portion;
[0008] One side of the receiving portion and the other side of the receiving portion are symmetrically arranged along a center line of the receiving portion.
[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, the connecting portion is a circular rotating turntable.
[0010] According to one aspect of the present invention, the receiving portion includes a first coal receiving and drain plate connected to the adapter portion, and a second coal receiving and drain plate slidably connected to the first coal receiving and drain plate, and an elastic member is connected between the first coal receiving and drain plate and the second coal receiving and drain plate.
[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, the elastic member includes a first V-shaped spring and a second V-shaped spring arranged symmetrically with the first V-shaped spring, one end of the first V-shaped spring and the second V-shaped spring are connected to the first coal receiving and drainage plate, and the other end is connected to the second coal receiving and drainage plate.
[0012] According to one aspect of the present invention, a hydraulic driver is further included. The hydraulic driver includes a mounting end and a driving end. The mounting end is mounted on the rocker arm, and the driving end is connected to the rotating turntable.
[0013] According to one aspect of the present invention, a connecting hole connected to the driving end is provided on the rotating turntable.
[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention further comprises an arc-shaped coal blocking plate arranged adjacent to the drum.
[0015] According to one aspect of the present invention, an M-type three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the hydraulic driver to the oil tank.
[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a mining machine includes a rocker arm, a roller, and a coal receiving mechanism. The roller and the coal receiving mechanism are rotatably mounted on one end of the rocker arm, and the coal receiving mechanism is coaxially disposed with the roller. The coal receiving mechanism includes a connecting portion coaxially disposed with the roller and rotatably connected to one end of the rocker arm, and a receiving portion connected to the connecting portion. This arrangement allows the coal receiving mechanism to form an eccentric structure as a whole, that is, the rotation of the connecting portion drives the rotation of the receiving portion. The rotation of the receiving portion enables the selection of coal receiving or freeing up working space for the roller for rock cutting according to working conditions.
[0017] According to one aspect of the present invention, the first and second transfer rods connect the rotating turntable and the two sides of the rectangular structure, creating a certain space between the connecting portion and the receiving portion. This prevents the coal receiving mechanism from blocking the coal from falling and causing collisions during the receiving process, allowing the coal to be received more smoothly by the receiving portion. Furthermore, this space creates a movement space. That is, when the receiving portion rotates relative to the connecting portion, the space provides a certain range of travel for the rear end of the receiving portion until the side walls of the receiving portion contact the first and second transfer rods. This allows the posture and position of the receiving portion to be more flexibly adjusted according to on-site working conditions.
[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic member includes a first V-shaped spring and a second V-shaped spring symmetrically arranged with respect to the first V-shaped spring, wherein one end of the first V-shaped spring and the second V-shaped spring are connected to the first coal receiving and drain plate, and the other end is connected to the second coal receiving and drain plate. This arrangement allows for a resilient and elastic structure to be formed between the first coal receiving and drain plate and the second coal receiving and drain plate. Thus, when the coal receiving mechanism is used to receive coal, the receiving portion is brought into contact with the coal wall, and the second coal receiving and drain plate can be in close contact with the coal wall, so that no gaps are formed between the receiving portion and the coal wall. This ensures that no leakage occurs during coal receiving, and the coal can be efficiently and smoothly collected and transported by the coal receiving mechanism. Moreover, the elastic part is arranged in this way, so that the receiving part is subjected to uniform force during the coal receiving process. Through the rotation of the coal receiving mechanism, it can be ensured that the receiving part always maintains a relatively vertical and seamless state with the coal wall, and the first coal receiving and guide plate and the second coal receiving and guide plate always maintain a uniform force on both sides. With such an arrangement, stable, reliable, long-term and efficient coal receiving work can be maintained in coal mining holes with complex working conditions, and it can also be ensured that the coal is not lost with the coal wall.
[0019] According to one solution of the present invention, when the receiving part is driven by the hydraulic driver to rotate to another position, the receiving part actually makes room for the roller to work. At this time, the roller can cut the rock below. In this way, the coal receiving mechanism can avoid the working space of the roller and does not affect the rock cutting work. When the hydraulic driver does not drive the receiving part to rotate to another position, that is, when it is in the coal receiving position, the roller can be located above the coal receiving mechanism to perform normal coal cutting work. It can be seen that through the structural setting of the present invention, it is possible to achieve a rapid conversion between the two working states, and the working mode (coal cutting and receiving mode and rock cutting mode) can be switched at any time according to the working conditions. The switching speed is fast, and the structure is simple and easy to operate. Therefore, this solution not only reduces the number of processes and reduces labor intensity, but also has relatively high production efficiency and coal output rate, solving the coal receiving problem.
[0020] According to the solution of the present invention, when mining coal, the mining machine directly flows the coal through the mining mechanism directly into the subsequent conveyor while mining, reducing the washing and coal sorting processes, not only reducing labor intensity, but also making the coal contain fewer impurities, and the coal output rate of the mining machine higher. The mining machine mines coal while the coal receiving mechanism receives the coal. The above-mentioned retractable coal receiving mechanism has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost. The coal receiving mechanism can be pressed against the coal wall by spring force, which improves the coal loading effect and allows almost all the coal to flow into the subsequent scraper conveyor through the coal receiving mechanism, so that the deep rock protective layer of coal gangue can be separately mined and transported, reducing the traditional process steps of coal washing and coal gangue separation, which will greatly improve the overall production efficiency and coal recovery rate. Moreover, after receiving the coal, the coal receiving mechanism can avoid rock cutting space for the roller, and can quickly switch from coal receiving mode to rock cutting mode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 Schematically shows a top view of a picker according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 Schematically shows a side view of a picker according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structural arrangement of a coal receiving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 4 The figure schematically shows the motion state diagram of the coal receiving mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The present invention will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments discussed are only intended to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the present invention, rather than to imply any limitation on the scope of the present invention.
[0026] As used herein, the term "including" and variations thereof are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including, but not limited to." The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "based, at least in part, on." The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment."
[0027] Figure 1 Schematically showing a top view of a picker according to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 Schematically shows a side view of a picker according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the mining machine includes: a rocker arm 1, a roller 2, and a coal receiving mechanism 3. The roller 2 and the coal receiving mechanism 3 are rotatably mounted on one end of the rocker arm 1, and the coal receiving mechanism 3 is coaxially arranged with the roller 2. The coal receiving mechanism 3 includes a connecting portion 301 coaxially arranged with the roller 2 and rotatably connected to one end of the rocker arm 1, and a receiving portion 302 connected to the connecting portion 301. This arrangement allows the coal receiving mechanism 3 to form an eccentric structure as a whole, that is, the rotation of the connecting portion 301 can drive the rotation of the receiving portion 302. The rotation of the receiving portion 302 can realize the selection of receiving coal or making room for the roller 2 to cut rock according to the working conditions.
[0028] Further, Figure 3 The structural layout diagram of the coal receiving mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the coal receiving mechanism 3 further includes a transition portion 303 connecting the receiving portion 302 and the connecting portion 301 , and the transition portion 303 is connected to two corresponding side surfaces of the receiving portion 302 and the connecting portion 301 .
[0029] Specifically, the connecting portion 303 includes a first connecting rod 3031 and a second connecting rod 3032. One end of the first connecting rod 3031 is connected to one side of the connecting portion 301, and the other end is connected to one side of the receiving portion 302. One end of the second connecting rod 3032 is connected to the other side of the connecting portion 301, and the other end is connected to the other side of the receiving portion 302. One side of the connecting portion 301 and the other side of the connecting portion 301 are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the connecting portion 301; one side of the receiving portion 302 and the other side of the receiving portion 302 are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the receiving portion 302. Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the connecting portion 301 is a circular rotating turntable, and the receiving portion 302 is a rectangular structure. With this arrangement, the first transfer rod 3031 and the second transfer rod 3032 connect the rotating turntable and the two sides of the rectangular structure, so that there is a certain space gap between the connecting portion 301 and the receiving portion 302. In this way, the coal receiving mechanism 3 will not block the falling of coal during the coal receiving process, and no collision will occur, so that the coal can be received more smoothly by the receiving portion 302. Moreover, the space gap can also form a movement space, that is, when the receiving portion 302 rotates relative to the connecting portion, the space gap can be the rear end ( Figure 3 The middle right end) provides a certain travel range until the side wall of the receiving portion 302 touches the first transfer rod 3031 and the second transfer rod 3032, so that the posture and position of the receiving portion 302 can be adjusted more flexibly according to the on-site working conditions.
[0030] Further, combined with Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the receiving portion 302 includes a first coal receiving and drain plate 3021 connected to the adapter portion 303, and a second coal receiving and drain plate 3022 slidingly connected to the first coal receiving and drain plate 3021, and an elastic member 3023 is connected between the first coal receiving and drain plate 3021 and the second coal receiving and drain plate 3022.
[0031] In this embodiment, the elastic member 3023 includes a first V-shaped spring 30231 and a second V-shaped spring 30232 arranged symmetrically with the first V-shaped spring 30231. One end of the first V-shaped spring 30231 and the second V-shaped spring 30232 are connected to the first coal receiving and drain plate 3021, and the other end is connected to the second coal receiving and drain plate 3022. This arrangement allows an elastically retractable structure to be formed between the first coal receiving and drain plate 3021 and the second coal receiving and drain plate 3022. Thus, when the coal receiving mechanism 3 is used to receive coal, the receiving portion 302 is brought into contact with the coal wall, and the second coal receiving and drain plate 3022 maintains close contact with the coal wall, eliminating any gaps between the receiving portion 302 and the coal wall. This ensures that coal does not leak during receiving, allowing the coal to be efficiently and smoothly collected and transported by the coal receiving mechanism 3. Moreover, the elastic member 3023 is arranged in this way so that the receiving part 302 is subjected to uniform force during the coal receiving process. Through the rotation of the coal receiving mechanism 3, the receiving part 302 can always maintain a relatively vertical and seamless state with the coal wall, and the first coal receiving and guide plate 3021 and the second coal receiving and guide plate 3022 always maintain a uniform force on both sides. With such an arrangement, stable, reliable, long-term and efficient coal receiving work can be maintained in coal mining holes with complex working conditions, and it can also be ensured that the coal is not lost with the coal wall.
[0032] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the mining machine further includes a hydraulic driver 4, which includes a mounting end 401 and a driving end 402. The mounting end 401 is mounted on the rocker arm 1, and the driving end is connected to the rotating turntable. This arrangement allows the hydraulic driver 4 to drive the connecting portion 301 to rotate. When the connecting portion 301 rotates, the receiving portion 302 connected to the connecting portion 301 through the adapter 303 will rotate around the axis connected to the connecting portion 301 and rotate to another position. Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 FIG. 3 shows the state of the whole machine when the receiving portion 302 rotates to another position. Figure 4As shown, when the receiving portion 302 is driven by the hydraulic driver 4 to rotate to other positions, the receiving portion 302 actually makes room for the roller 2 to work. At this time, the roller 2 can cut the rock below. In this way, the coal receiving mechanism 3 can avoid the working space of the roller 2 and does not affect the rock cutting work. When the hydraulic driver 4 does not drive the receiving portion 302 to rotate to other positions, that is, when it is in the coal receiving position, the roller 2 can be located above the coal receiving mechanism 3 to perform normal coal cutting work. It can be seen that through the above-mentioned structural setting of the present invention, it is possible to achieve a rapid conversion between the two working states, and the working mode (coal cutting and receiving mode and rock cutting mode) can be switched at any time according to the working conditions. The switching speed is fast, the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient. Therefore, this solution not only reduces the number of processes and reduces labor intensity, but also has relatively high production efficiency and coal output rate, solving the coal receiving problem.
[0033] Of course, in this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the rotating turntable is provided with a connection hole 3011 connected to the drive end 402. In this embodiment, the hydraulic actuator 4 is a hydraulic cylinder or a jack. This arrangement allows the rotation of the coal receiving mechanism 3 to be achieved through the linear drive of the hydraulic actuator 4, resulting in an ingenious structural arrangement and efficient operation.
[0034] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the mining machine further includes an arc-shaped coal retaining plate 5 provided adjacent to the drum 2. The arc-shaped coal retaining plate 5 can ensure that when the drum 2 is cutting coal and the coal receiving mechanism 3 is receiving coal, all the coal can fall into the coal receiving mechanism 3, and then flow into the subsequent conveyor through the coal receiving mechanism 3 to be collected.
[0035] Furthermore, in this embodiment, an M-type three-position, four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the hydraulic actuator 4 to the oil tank. This arrangement allows, when the hydraulic actuator 4 is in a non-actuated state, hydraulic oil to flow directly into the oil tank through the M-type three-position, four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, rendering the hydraulic actuator 4 in a non-pressurized state. This allows the coal receiving mechanism 3 to swing, coordinating with the state of the coal wall to ensure close contact with the coal wall without gaps. This also ensures that its center of gravity is always aligned with the center of the drum 2, preventing deviation, thereby ensuring its operating efficiency.
[0036] According to the above scheme of the present invention, when mining coal, the mining machine directly mines the coal while flowing it directly into the subsequent conveyor through the mining mechanism, reducing the washing and coal sorting processes, which not only reduces labor intensity, but also makes the coal contain less impurities and the coal output rate of the mining machine higher.
[0037] The excavator mines coal while the coal receiving mechanism simultaneously receives it. This retractable mechanism boasts a simple structure and low manufacturing cost. This spring force allows the receiving mechanism to press against the coal wall, enhancing coal loading efficiency and allowing nearly all coal to flow through the receiving mechanism into the subsequent scraper conveyor. This allows for the separation of coal gangue from the deep rock protective layer, reducing the traditional coal washing and gangue separation steps and significantly improving overall production efficiency and coal recovery. Furthermore, after receiving coal, the receiving mechanism creates space for the drum to cut rock, enabling rapid switching from coal receiving mode to rock cutting mode.
[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A mining machine, characterized in that: include: A rocker arm (1), a roller (2), and a coal receiving mechanism (3), wherein the roller (2) and the coal receiving mechanism (3) are rotatably mounted on one end of the rocker arm (1), and the coal receiving mechanism (3) is coaxially arranged with the roller (2); the coal receiving mechanism (3) comprises a connecting portion (301) coaxially arranged with the roller (2) and rotatably connected to one end of the rocker arm (1), and a receiving portion (302) connected to the connecting portion (301); The connecting portion (301) is a circular rotating turntable; The receiving portion (302) comprises a first coal receiving and draining plate (3021) connected to the adapter portion (303), and a second coal receiving and draining plate (3022) slidably connected to the first coal receiving and draining plate (3021), and an elastic member (3023) is connected between the first coal receiving and draining plate (3021) and the second coal receiving and draining plate (3022); The elastic member (3023) comprises a first V-shaped spring (30231) and a second V-shaped spring (30232) arranged symmetrically with the first V-shaped spring (30231); one end of the first V-shaped spring (30231) and the second V-shaped spring (30232) are connected to the first coal receiving and draining plate (3021), and the other end are connected to the second coal receiving and draining plate (3022); It also includes a hydraulic driver (4), the hydraulic driver (4) including a mounting end (401) and a driving end (402), the mounting end (401) being mounted on the rocker arm (1), and the driving end being connected to the rotating turntable; The rotating turntable is provided with a connection hole (3011) connected to the driving end (402).
2. The mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal receiving mechanism (3) further comprises the transition portion (303) connecting the receiving portion (302) and the connecting portion (301), wherein the transition portion (303) is connected to two corresponding side surfaces of the receiving portion (302) and the connecting portion (301).
3. The mining machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting portion (303) comprises a first connecting rod (3031) and a second connecting rod (3032), wherein one end of the first connecting rod (3031) is connected to one side of the connecting portion (301), and the other end is connected to one side of the receiving portion (302); and one end of the second connecting rod (3032) is connected to the other side of the connecting portion (301), and the other end is connected to the other side of the receiving portion (302); One side of the connecting portion (301) and the other side of the connecting portion (301) are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the connecting portion (301); One side of the receiving portion (302) and the other side of the receiving portion (302) are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the receiving portion (302).
4. The mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an arc-shaped coal blocking plate (5) arranged adjacent to the drum (2).
5. The mining machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: An M-type three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the hydraulic driver (4) to the oil tank.
Citation Information
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CN109184681A
Colliery underground mining car
CN207776865U