Multi-speed gear transmission mechanism and electric vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to a multi-speed gear transmission mechanism and an electric vehicle, wherein the multi-speed gear transmission mechanism comprises: a first power source, a one-way clutch, a planetary row, a planetary carrier output shaft, a ring gear output shaft, a first gear, a second gear, a second power source, a sun gear output shaft, a transmission shaft, a third power source, a differential, a clutch, and a brake; the first power source is connected to the planetary row through a one-way clutch; the planetary carrier in the planetary row is connected to the planetary carrier output shaft, the sun gear is connected to the sun gear output shaft, the ring gear is connected to the ring gear output shaft, the ring gear output shaft is connected to the first gear driving gear and the second gear driving gear, and the first gear driving gear and the second gear driving gear are connected to the transmission shaft; the second power source is connected to the end of the sun gear output shaft; the third power source is connected to the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected to the differential. The present application has the advantages of multi-speed control, high transmission efficiency, and simple structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to a vehicle transmission mechanism, and in particular, to a multi-speed gear transmission mechanism and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, in order to achieve speed change of electric vehicles, the existing technology adopts a variable speed transmission structure to achieve speed change of electric vehicles, but the existing variable speed transmission structure has the disadvantages of complex structure and low transmission efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a multi-speed gear transmission mechanism and an electric vehicle, which can achieve multi-speed shifting and have at least the advantage of high transmission efficiency.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application first provides a multi-speed gear transmission mechanism, including: a first power source, a one-way clutch, a planetary gear, a planetary carrier output shaft, a ring gear output shaft, a first-speed driving gear, a second-speed driving gear, a second power source, a sun gear output shaft, a transmission shaft, a third power source, a clutch, a brake, and a differential;

[0005] The first power source is connected to the planetary gear through a one-way clutch;

[0006] The planetary row is connected to the output shaft of the planetary carrier.

[0007] The planetary gear is also connected to the sun gear output shaft and the ring gear output shaft, the ring gear output shaft is connected to the first gear driving gear and the second gear driving gear, and the first gear driving gear and the second gear driving gear are connected to the transmission shaft;

[0008] The second power source is connected to the end of the sun gear output shaft;

[0009] The third power source is connected to the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is connected to a differential, and the differential is installed on the vehicle.

[0010] The first aspect of the present application can transmit the power generated by the first power source and the second power source to the ring gear output shaft through the planetary gear, the planetary carrier output shaft and the sun gear output shaft, and then realize the multi-speed shifting of the transmission shaft through the first gear driving gear and the second gear driving gear connected to the ring gear output shaft, and then realize the multi-speed shifting control of the wheels through the multi-speed shifting of the transmission shaft and the differential. Compared with the prior art, the structure of the first aspect of the present application adopts a pure mechanical transmission mode, so the transmission system efficiency is higher, and the multi-speed shifting of the present application can be more conducive to adjusting the working point of the first power source.

[0011] In the first aspect of the present application, as an optional implementation, the sun gear output shaft is nested inside the planet carrier output shaft, and the planet carrier output shaft is nested inside the ring gear output shaft.

[0012] In this optional embodiment, the transmission is transmitted in a shaft-to-shaft nested manner, with the sun gear drive shaft nested inside the planetary carrier drive shaft, and the planetary carrier drive shaft nested inside the ring gear output shaft. This effectively solves the problem of difficult transmission structure layout. Specifically, the transmission is transmitted in a shaft-to-shaft nested manner, with the sun gear drive shaft nested inside the planetary carrier drive shaft, and the planetary carrier drive shaft nested inside the ring gear output shaft. This can reduce the space occupied by the overall arrangement, thereby facilitating installation in a limited installation space.

[0013] In the first aspect of the present application, as an optional implementation, it also includes a clutch and a brake;

[0014] The end of the planet carrier output shaft is connected to the clutch, the clutch is connected to the sun gear output shaft, and the brake is used to press and fix the clutch on the vehicle body.

[0015] In the embodiment of the present application, by setting a clutch between the sun gear output shaft and the planetary carrier output shaft and setting a brake between the sun gear output shaft and the vehicle body, switching of multiple power modes can be achieved, and the advantage of no power interruption can be achieved.

[0016] In the first aspect of the present application, as an optional implementation, the clutch includes a clutch driving plate and a clutch driven plate;

[0017] The end of the planet carrier output shaft is fixedly connected to the clutch active disc;

[0018] The clutch driven disc is connected to the sun gear output shaft via a spline, and the brake is used to press and fix the clutch driven disc on the vehicle body.

[0019] In the first aspect of the present application, as an optional implementation, it further includes a third gear and a fourth gear;

[0020] The third gear is constantly meshed with the second gear driving gear for transmission;

[0021] The fourth gear is constantly meshed with the first gear driving gear for transmission;

[0022] The third gear and the fourth gear are connected to the transmission shaft.

[0023] In the first aspect of the present application, as an optional implementation, it also includes a synchronizer, which is installed on the transmission shaft through a spline, and the synchronizer is placed between the third gear and the fourth gear.

[0024] In this optional implementation, the synchronizer can cooperate with the brake to achieve conversion of multiple working modes of the whole vehicle.

[0025] In the first aspect of the present application, as an optional implementation, it also includes a fifth gear and a sixth gear, the fifth gear and the sixth gear are constantly meshed for transmission, and the third power source is connected to the transmission shaft via the fifth gear and the sixth gear.

[0026] In the first aspect of the present application, as an optional implementation, it also includes a seventh gear and an eighth gear, the seventh gear and the eighth gear are constantly meshed for transmission, and the transmission shaft is connected to the transmission shaft through the seventh gear and the eighth gear.

[0027] In the first aspect of the present application, as an optional implementation, the planetary gear comprises a sun gear, a planet carrier, a planetary gear and a ring gear;

[0028] The first power source is connected to the planet carrier via the one-way clutch;

[0029] The planet carrier is connected to the planet carrier output shaft;

[0030] The planetary gears are nested on the planetary carrier through bearings, and the planetary gears are externally meshed with the sun gear and internally meshed with the ring gear for transmission;

[0031] The ring gear is fixedly connected to the ring gear output shaft.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electric vehicle, comprising a multi-speed gear transmission mechanism as described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0033] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a multi-speed gear transmission mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Icons: 1-first power source; 2-planet carrier; 3-planetary gear; 4-ring gear; 5-ring gear output shaft; 6-planet carrier output shaft; 7-first gear driving gear; 8-second gear driving gear; 9-clutch driving plate; 10-clutch driven plate; 11-brake; 12-sun gear output shaft; 13-second power source; 14-transmission shaft; 15-seventh gear; 16-differential; 17-eighth gear; 18-third gear; 19-synchronizer; 20-fourth gear; 21-fifth gear; 22-sixth gear; 23-third power source; 24-sun gear; 25-one-way clutch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a multi-speed gear transmission mechanism disclosed in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the multi-speed gear transmission mechanism of the embodiment of the present application includes: a first power source 1, a one-way clutch 25, a planetary gear, a planetary carrier output shaft 6, a ring gear output shaft 5, a first gear driving gear 7, a second gear driving gear 8, a second power source 13, a sun gear output shaft 12, a transmission shaft 14, a third power source 23, and a differential 16;

[0041] The first power source 1 is connected to the planetary gear through a one-way clutch 25;

[0042] The planetary gear is connected to the planetary carrier output shaft 6.

[0043] The planetary gear is also connected to the sun gear output shaft 12 and the ring gear output shaft 5, the ring gear output shaft 5 is connected to the first gear driving gear 7 and the second gear driving gear 8, the first gear driving gear 20 and the second gear driving gear 18 are connected to the transmission shaft 14;

[0044] The second power source 13 is connected to the end of the sun gear output shaft 12;

[0045] The third power source 23 is connected to the transmission shaft 14 , the transmission shaft 14 is connected to the differential 16 , and the differential 16 is connected to the wheels for transmitting power to the wheels.

[0046] The embodiment of the present application can transmit the power generated by the first power source and the second power source to the ring gear output shaft through the planetary gear, the planetary carrier output shaft and the sun gear output shaft, and then realize the multi-speed shifting of the transmission shaft through the first gear driving gear and the second gear driving gear connected to the ring gear output shaft, and then realize the multi-speed shifting control of the wheels through the multi-speed shifting of the transmission shaft and the differential. Compared with the prior art, the structure of the embodiment of the present application adopts a pure mechanical transmission mode, so the transmission system efficiency is higher, and the multi-speed shifting of the embodiment of the present application can be more conducive to adjusting the working point of the large motor.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, as an optional implementation, the sun gear output shaft 12 is nested inside the planet carrier output shaft 6 , and the planet carrier output shaft 6 is nested inside the ring gear output shaft 5 .

[0048] In this optional embodiment, the transmission is transmitted in a shaft-to-shaft nested manner, with the sun gear drive shaft nested inside the planetary carrier drive shaft, and the planetary carrier drive shaft nested inside the ring gear output shaft. This effectively solves the problem of difficult transmission structure layout. Specifically, the transmission is transmitted in a shaft-to-shaft nested manner, with the sun gear drive shaft nested inside the planetary carrier drive shaft, and the planetary carrier drive shaft nested inside the ring gear output shaft. This can reduce the space occupied by the overall arrangement, thereby facilitating installation in a limited installation space.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present application, as an optional implementation, a clutch and a brake 11 are also included;

[0050] The end of the planet carrier output shaft 6 is connected to the clutch, the clutch is connected to the sun gear output shaft 12, and the brake 11 is used to press and fix the clutch on the vehicle body.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, by setting a clutch between the sun gear output shaft and the planetary carrier output shaft and setting a brake between the sun gear output shaft and the vehicle body, switching of multiple power modes can be achieved, and the advantage of no power interruption can be achieved.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present application, as an optional implementation, the clutch includes a clutch driving plate 9 and a clutch driven plate 10;

[0053] The end of the planet carrier output shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the clutch active disc 9;

[0054] The clutch driven disc 10 is connected to the sun gear output shaft 12 via a spline, and the brake 11 is used to press and fix the clutch driven disc 10 on the vehicle body.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present application, as an optional implementation, a third gear 18 and a fourth gear 20 are also included;

[0056] The third gear 18 is constantly meshed with the second gear driving gear 8, wherein the third gear 18 is the driven gear of the second gear driving gear 8;

[0057] The fourth gear 20 is constantly meshed with the first gear driving gear 7 for transmission, wherein the fourth gear 20 is a driven gear of the first gear driving gear 7;

[0058] The third gear 18 and the fourth gear 20 are connected to the transmission shaft 14 .

[0059] In the embodiment of the present application, as an optional implementation, a synchronizer 19 is further included. The synchronizer 19 is installed on the transmission shaft 14 through a spline. The synchronizer 19 is arranged between the third gear 18 and the fourth gear 20 .

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, as an optional implementation, it also includes a fifth gear 21 and a sixth gear 22, the fifth gear 21 and the sixth gear 22 are constantly meshed for transmission, and the third power source 23 is connected to the transmission shaft 14 through the fifth gear 21 and the sixth gear 22.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, as an optional implementation, it also includes a seventh gear 15 and an eighth gear 17, the seventh gear 15 and the eighth gear 17 are constantly meshed for transmission, and the transmission shaft 14 is connected to the transmission shaft 14 through the seventh gear 15 and the eighth gear 17.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, as an optional implementation, the planetary gear includes a sun gear 24, a planet carrier 2, planetary gears and a ring gear 4;

[0063] The first power source 1 is connected to the planet carrier 2 via a one-way clutch 25;

[0064] The planet carrier 2 is connected to the planet carrier output shaft 6;

[0065] The planetary gear 3 is nested on the planetary carrier 2 through the bearing, and the planetary gear 3 is externally meshed with the sun gear 24 and internally meshed with the ring gear 4 for transmission;

[0066] The ring gear 4 is fixedly connected to the ring gear output shaft 5 .

[0067] In addition, an embodiment of the present application also discloses an electric vehicle, which includes the multi-speed gear transmission mechanism of the embodiment of the present application.

[0068] The working process of the multi-speed gear transmission mechanism is described in detail below.

[0069] First, the multi-speed gear transmission mechanism operates in power transmission mode one.

[0070] The third power source 23 transmits power to the transmission shaft 14 through the fifth gear 21 and the sixth gear 22, and then transmits power to the differential 16 through the seventh gear 15 and the eighth gear 17, and finally transmits power to the wheels. This mode mainly operates in urban conditions with low speed and low torque requirements.

[0071] Second, the multi-speed gear transmission mechanism operates in power transmission mode two.

[0072] In the first gear transmission in the second power transmission mode, the first power source 1 transmits power to the planetary carrier 2 via the one-way clutch 25; the second power source 13 transmits power to the sun gear 24 via the sun gear transmission shaft 12, and the power is transmitted to the first gear 7 fixed to the ring gear output shaft 5 and the constantly meshed fourth gear 20 through the ring gear 4. After the synchronizer 19 moves left, the power on the fourth gear 20 is transmitted to the transmission shaft 14 via the spline, and then coupled with the power of the third power source 23, and transmitted to the wheels via the seventh gears 15 and 17 and the differential 16.

[0073] In the second gear transmission in the second power transmission mode, the first power source 1 and the second power source 13 transmit power to the planet carrier 2 and the sun gear 24 respectively, and the power is transmitted to the second gear 8 fixed to the ring gear output shaft 5 and the third gear 18 in constant mesh through the ring gear 4. After the synchronizer 19 is shifted to the right, the power on the third gear 18 is transmitted to the transmission shaft 14 through the spline, and then coupled with the power of the third power source 23, and transmitted to the wheels through the seventh gears 15 and 17 and the differential 16. This sports mode can make full use of the characteristics of the planetary gear, use the second power source 13 to adjust the speed of the first power source 1, and use the third power source 23 to adjust the torque of the first power source 1. At the same time, the addition of the two-speed transmission can fully adjust the working point of the large power source. This working mode mainly operates under suburban conditions with medium and low speeds and medium and low load torque.

[0074] Third, the multi-speed gear transmission mechanism operates in power transmission mode three.

[0075] In the first and second gear transmission of the power transmission mode three, the clutch driven plate 10 moves to the right, so that the sun gear drive shaft 12 is fixed to the vehicle body by the brake 11. At this time, the power of the first power source 1 is transmitted to the planetary carrier 2 through the one-way clutch 25, and then transmitted to the ring gear 4 through the planetary gear 3. According to the characteristics of the planetary gear, the speed output to the ring gear output shaft 5 is increased and the torque is reduced. Then the power is transmitted to the fourth gear 20 and the third gear 18 respectively through the first gear 7 and the second gear 8 fixed to the ring gear output shaft 5. The synchronizer 19 can transmit the power to the output shaft 14 through the spline by moving left or right, and couple it with the torque output by the third power source 23, and finally transmit it to the wheels through the seventh gears 15 and 17 and the differential 16. This mode mainly operates in medium and low speed conditions with high torque requirements.

[0076] Fourth, the multi-speed gear transmission mechanism operates in power transmission mode four.

[0077] In the first and second gear transmission of the power transmission mode 4, the clutch driven plate 10 moves leftward and connects with the clutch driving plate 9. At this time, the planetary carrier output shaft 6 and the sun gear output shaft 12 are connected together, and the planetary gear ring 4 and the sun gear 24 are connected together. According to the planetary gear speed characteristics, the planetary gear ratio is 1 at this time. The power of the first power source 1 is transmitted to the ring gear output shaft 5 through the one-way clutch 25, the planetary carrier 2, the planetary gear 3 and the ring gear 4; the power of the second power source 13 is transmitted to the ring gear output shaft 5 through the sun gear output shaft 12, the sun gear 24 or the planetary carrier transmission shaft 6, the planetary gear 3, and the ring gear 4. After the first power source 1 torque and the second power source 13 torque are coupled, they are transmitted to the fourth gear 20 and the third gear 18 respectively through the first gear 7 and the second gear 8. After the synchronizer 19 moves leftward or rightward, the power can be transmitted to the output shaft 14 through the spline to couple with the torque of the third power source 23. Finally, it is transmitted to the wheels through the seventh gears 15 and 17 and the differential 16. This mode mainly operates under high load and high torque conditions.

[0078] Fifth, the multi-speed gear transmission mechanism operates in power transmission mode five.

[0079] In the braking mode, it works through power transmission mode one, power transmission mode two, power transmission mode three and power transmission mode four.

[0080] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application may be combined with each other.

[0081] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-speed gear transmission mechanism, It is characterized in that include: A first power source, a one-way clutch, a planetary gear, a planetary carrier output shaft, a ring gear output shaft, a first gear driving gear, a second gear driving gear, a second power source, a sun gear output shaft, a transmission shaft, a third power source, and a differential; The first power source is connected to the planetary gear through a one-way clutch; The planetary row is connected to the output shaft of the planetary carrier. The planetary gear is also connected to the sun gear output shaft and the ring gear output shaft, the ring gear output shaft is connected to the first gear driving gear and the second gear driving gear, and the first gear driving gear and the second gear driving gear are connected to the transmission shaft; The second power source is connected to the end of the sun gear output shaft; The third power source is connected to the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is connected to the differential, and the differential is installed on the vehicle; And, the sun gear output shaft is nested inside the planet carrier output shaft, and the planet carrier output shaft is nested inside the ring gear output shaft; and, also includes clutches and brakes; The end of the planet carrier output shaft is connected to the clutch, the clutch is connected to the sun gear output shaft, and the brake is used to press and fix the clutch on the vehicle body; And, the clutch includes a clutch driving plate and a clutch driven plate; The end of the planet carrier output shaft is fixedly connected to the clutch active disc; The clutch driven disc is connected to the sun gear output shaft via a spline, and the brake is used to press and fix the clutch driven disc on the vehicle body.

2. The multi-speed gear transmission mechanism according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Also included is a third gear and a fourth gear; The third gear is constantly meshed with the second gear driving gear for transmission; The fourth gear is constantly meshed with the first gear driving gear for transmission; The third gear and the fourth gear are connected to the transmission shaft.

3. The multi-speed gear transmission mechanism according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The invention also comprises a synchronizer, which is installed on the transmission shaft through a spline and is arranged between the third gear and the fourth gear.

4. The multi-speed gear transmission mechanism according to claim 1, It is characterized in that It also includes a fifth gear and a sixth gear, the fifth gear and the sixth gear are constantly meshed for transmission, and the third power source is connected to the transmission shaft via the fifth gear and the sixth gear.

5. The multi-speed gear transmission mechanism according to claim 1, It is characterized in that It also includes a seventh gear and an eighth gear, the seventh gear and the eighth gear are constantly meshed for transmission, and the transmission shaft is connected to the transmission shaft via the seventh gear and the eighth gear.

6. The multi-speed gear transmission mechanism according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The planetary gear comprises a sun gear, a planet carrier, planetary gears and a ring gear; The first power source is connected to the planet carrier via the one-way clutch; The planet carrier is connected to the planet carrier output shaft; The planetary gears are nested on the planetary carrier through bearings, and the planetary gears are externally meshed with the sun gear and internally meshed with the gear ring for transmission; The ring gear is fixedly connected to the ring gear output shaft.

7. An electric vehicle, It is characterized in that The electric vehicle comprises a multi-speed gear transmission mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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