Low-Temperature High-Speed ​​Dual-Station End Face Sealing Test Apparatus and Method for Hydrogen-Oxygen Turbine Pumps

Abstract

This invention discloses a low-temperature, high-speed, dual-station end-face seal testing device and method for hydrogen-oxygen engine turbopumps. The device includes a housing, a main shaft, rotating ring I, rotating ring II, stationary ring assembly I, and stationary ring assembly II. Stationary ring assembly I and stationary ring assembly II are symmetrically mounted on the housing and respectively contact the two rotating rings mounted on the main shaft to form a dual-station end-face seal. This testing device and method are applied to running-in tests, sampling tests, and research tests of low-temperature, high-speed end-face seals for hydrogen-oxygen engine turbopumps. It can simultaneously and quantitatively measure the leakage of two sets of end-face seals, evaluate the sealing performance of the two sets of end-face seal products, double the testing efficiency, and halve the testing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an end-face sealing test device that can be used in low-temperature environments, and more particularly to a low-temperature, high-speed, dual-station end-face sealing test device for a hydrogen-oxygen turbine pump, belonging to the field of end-face sealing technology. Background Technology

[0002] End face seals are widely used in liquid rocket engine turbopumps, and they are adaptable to environments with low temperatures, high temperatures, strong corrosion, and oxidation. The end face seal is formed by the use of a stationary ring assembly and a rotating ring. A high-performance end face seal is a prerequisite for the efficient and stable operation of liquid rocket engine turbopumps. To verify the reliability of the end face seal, performance testing at low temperatures (below -190℃) is necessary.

[0003] With the increasing frequency of rocket launches, the demand for cryogenic end-face seals has increased significantly, and the workload of end-face seal testing has surged. Due to the structural limitations of existing cryogenic end-face seal testing equipment, only one set of end-face seals can be tested in a single assembly, resulting in low testing efficiency. This contradicts the increasing demand for model products and is a weak link restricting the development and delivery of rocket engine turbopumps. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a low-temperature high-speed dual-station end face sealing test device and method for hydrogen-oxygen engine turbopumps. A single operation test can simultaneously evaluate two sets of end face seals, increasing test efficiency by 100% and reducing test cost by half.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0006] A low-temperature, high-speed, dual-station end-face sealing test device for a hydrogen-oxygen turbopump includes a housing, a main shaft, a front bearing, a front bearing locking nut, a dynamic ring I, a front adapter seat, a front end cover gasket, a front end cover, a dynamic ring gasket I, a front locking nut, a welded connector, a stationary ring assembly I, a stationary ring assembly gasket I, a front adapter seat gasket, a screw-in connector, a rear bearing, a bearing cover, a rear adapter seat gasket, a rear adapter seat, a rear end cover gasket, a rear end cover, a rear locking nut, a sealing assembly, a dynamic ring gasket II, a dynamic ring II, a stationary ring assembly II, a cup cover, and a stationary ring assembly gasket II.

[0007] The housing has a stepped cavity inside. The front bearing and front bearing lock nut are installed in the cavity inside the housing, and the front bearing lock nut fixes the outer ring of the front bearing. The spindle is located in the cavity of the housing and passes through the inner ring of the front bearing, with the front bearing being limited by the step. The inner ring of the rear bearing is installed on the shoulder of the spindle. The bearing adjusting shim is installed on the outer ring of the rear bearing. The bearing cover is installed on the housing and presses the bearing adjusting shim to eliminate bearing clearance and achieve bearing preload. The rotating ring II is fitted on the spindle, the rotating ring washer II is installed on the rotating ring II, and the rear locking nut is screwed onto the spindle and contacts the rotating ring washer II to achieve a tight fixation.

[0008] The rear adapter gasket is installed in the housing sealing groove. The rear adapter presses against the rear adapter gasket and is installed on the housing with bolts. The stationary ring assembly gasket II is installed on the rear adapter. The stationary ring assembly II presses against the stationary ring assembly gasket II and is installed on the rear adapter with bolts. The stationary ring assembly II is in contact with the moving ring II. The stationary ring assembly II is in a compressed state, which achieves the sealing effect.

[0009] The rear cover sealing gasket is installed on the housing, the rear cover presses against the rear cover sealing gasket, and is installed on the housing by bolts; the sealing assembly is installed on the rear cover and pressed with a cup-shaped pressure cap, which is installed on the rear cover by bolts;

[0010] The rotating ring I is mounted on the spindle, the rotating ring washer I is installed on the rotating ring I, and the front locking nut is screwed onto the spindle and contacts the rotating ring washer I to achieve a fastening effect.

[0011] The front adapter gasket is installed on the housing, the front adapter presses against the front adapter gasket, and is installed on the housing with bolts; the stationary ring assembly gasket I is installed on the front adapter, the stationary ring assembly I presses against the stationary ring assembly gasket I, and is installed on the front adapter with bolts. The stationary ring assembly I is in contact with the rotating ring I, and the stationary ring assembly I is in a compressed state, which achieves a sealing effect; the front cover gasket is installed on the housing, the front cover presses against the front cover gasket, and is installed on the housing with bolts.

[0012] The rotating ring I contacts the stationary ring assembly I to form an end face seal I, and the rotating ring II contacts the stationary ring assembly II to form an end face seal II. The cavity between the end face seal I and the end face seal II is a sealing cavity. The sealing cavity is connected to the test system through a screw-in connector on the side wall of the housing. The front end cover and the end face seal I form a leakage cavity I. The rear end cover, sealed by the sealing assembly, and the end face seal II form a leakage cavity II. The leakage cavity I is connected to the test system through a welded connector, and the leakage cavity II is connected to the test system through a screw-in connector on the side wall of the housing.

[0013] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes multiple sets of alternating spacer rings and cups.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a front axle sleeve and a rear axle sleeve;

[0015] The rear axle sleeve is fitted onto the rear end of the main shaft and contacts the inner ring of the rear bearing. When the dynamic ring II is fitted onto the main shaft, it contacts one end of the rear axle sleeve.

[0016] The front axle sleeve is fitted onto the front end of the spindle and contacts the inner ring of the front bearing. The rotating ring I is fitted onto the spindle and contacts one end of the front axle sleeve.

[0017] Preferably, all parts are fitted with clearance fits, allowing for repeated disassembly and assembly.

[0018] Preferably, the bearing adjusting shims can be set to different specifications according to the bearing preload requirements.

[0019] Preferably, the front bearing is the fixed end, and the rear bearing is the adjusting end. Different preloads are applied to the rear bearing by bearing adjusting shims to adjust the axial clearance of the front and rear bearings.

[0020] Preferably, temperature and pressure sensors are installed at the welded nozzle and the screw-in nozzle to monitor the temperature and pressure of the sealing cavity and leakage cavity I and leakage cavity II.

[0021] Preferably, the test medium enters from the bottom of the sealed cavity and flows out from the top of the sealed cavity; the test medium passes through end face seal I to reach leakage cavity I, and passes through end face seal II to reach leakage cavity II.

[0022] The method for testing the low-temperature, high-speed, dual-station end-face seal of a hydrogen-oxygen turbopump using the aforementioned device includes:

[0023] The testing device is connected to the mounting bracket of the testing system through the mounting holes of the housing, and the main shaft is connected to the output shaft of the drive system through a coupling;

[0024] The test apparatus is connected to the test system via two types of connectors: screw-in connectors and welded connectors.

[0025] The test device is pre-cooled by introducing a low-temperature medium into the test system;

[0026] After precooling is completed, test parameters are set, and the spindle is driven to rotate via the drive device.

[0027] Measure the medium flow rate Q1 in leakage chamber I and the medium flow rate Q2 in leakage chamber II to complete the dual-station end face sealing.

[0028] Preferably, due to the error in the main shaft medium flow rate Q2, the actual medium flow rate Q in the leakage chamber II is... 2Real Satisfying Q 2Real =Q IN -QOUT -Q1, where Q IN For the flow rate of the medium entering the sealed cavity, Q OUT This represents the flow rate of the medium exiting the sealed cavity.

[0029] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0030] (1) This invention achieves the goal of testing two sets of end face seals in one assembly, which doubles the test efficiency and reduces the test cost by half.

[0031] (2) The assembly sequence and assembly difficulty of this invention are no different from those of the single-station end face sealing test device, thus maintaining the assembly habits of the single-station end face sealing test device to the greatest extent and without generating additional workload.

[0032] (3) The present invention adopts a symmetrical installation method with end face sealing, which can offset the reaction force of the low end face sealing on the shaft system, improve the stability of shaft system operation, and extend the service life of bearing. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a low-temperature, high-speed, dual-station end-face sealing test device for a hydrogen-oxygen engine turbopump.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of measuring the flow direction and flow rate of the test medium in a low-temperature, high-speed, dual-station end-face sealing test device for a hydrogen-oxygen engine turbopump. Detailed Implementation

[0035] This invention utilizes the structural space of the test device and adopts a symmetrical installation method of end face seals. End face seals are installed on both sides of the bearing, which can offset the axial force and form a sealing cavity. Two leakage cavities are formed on both sides, and the leakage of the two leakage cavities is measured separately. The two end face seals operate simultaneously, and the sealing capacity of the two end face seals is evaluated separately.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, a low-temperature high-speed dual-station end-face sealing test device for a hydrogen-oxygen engine turbopump includes a housing 1, a main shaft 2, a front bearing 3, a front bearing locking nut 4, a front shaft sleeve 5, a rotating ring I 6, a front adapter seat 7, a front end cover gasket 8, a front end cover 9, a rotating ring gasket I 10, a front locking nut 11, a welded connector 12, a stationary ring assembly I 13, a stationary ring assembly gasket I 14, a front adapter seat gasket 15, a screw-in connector 16, a rear bearing 17, a bearing adjusting shim 18, a bearing gland 19, a rear shaft sleeve 20, a rear adapter seat gasket 21, a rear adapter seat 22, a rear end cover gasket 23, a rear end cover 24, a rear locking nut 25, a spacer ring 26, a cup 27, a rotating ring gasket II 28, a rotating ring II 29, a stationary ring assembly II 30, a cup gland 31, and a stationary ring assembly gasket II 32.

[0037] With the front end of housing 1 facing upwards, install the front bearing 3 onto the housing and the front bearing locking nut 4 onto housing 1 to fix the outer ring of the front bearing 3; with the rear end of housing 1 facing upwards, install the spindle 2 onto the inner ring of the front bearing 3; install the inner ring of the rear bearing 17 onto the shoulder of the spindle 2; install the bearing adjusting shim 18 onto the outer ring of the rear bearing 17, and install the bearing cap 19 onto housing 1, and tighten the bearing adjusting shim 18 to eliminate bearing clearance and achieve bearing preload.

[0038] Install the rear bushing 20 on the main shaft 2 and make contact with the inner ring of the rear bearing 17. Install the moving ring II 29 on the main shaft 2 and make contact with one end of the rear bushing 20. Install the moving ring washer II 28 on the moving ring II 29. Screw the rear locking nut 25 on the main shaft 2 and make contact with the moving ring washer II 28 to achieve the function of fastening.

[0039] Install the rear adapter gasket 21 onto the housing 1, press the rear adapter 22 against the rear adapter gasket 21, and install it onto the housing 1 with bolts; install the stationary ring assembly gasket II 32 onto the rear adapter 22, press the stationary ring assembly II 30 against the stationary ring assembly gasket II 32, and install it onto the rear adapter 22 with bolts; the stationary ring assembly II 30 contacts the moving ring II 29, and the stationary ring assembly II 30 is in a compressed state, which achieves a sealing effect.

[0040] Install the rear cover sealing gasket 23 on the housing 1, press the rear cover 24 against the rear cover sealing gasket 23, and install it on the housing 1 with bolts; install the sealing assembly (three sets of spacers 26 and cups 27 arranged alternately) on the rear cover 24, and press it with the cup cover 31, which is then bolted onto the rear cover 24.

[0041] With the front end of housing 1 facing upwards, install the front axle sleeve 5 on the main shaft 2 and make it contact with the inner ring of the front bearing 3. Install the rotating ring I6 on the main shaft 2 and make it contact with one end of the front axle sleeve 5. Install the rotating ring washer I10 on the rotating ring I6. Screw the front locking nut 11 onto the main shaft 2 and make it contact with the rotating ring washer I10 to achieve a tightening effect.

[0042] Install the front adapter gasket 15 on the housing 1, press the front adapter 7 against the front adapter gasket 15, and install it on the housing 1 with bolts; install the stationary ring assembly gasket I14 on the front adapter 7, press the stationary ring assembly gasket I14 against the stationary ring assembly gasket I13, and install it on the front adapter 7 with bolts; the stationary ring assembly I13 is in contact with the moving ring I6, and the stationary ring assembly I13 is in a compressed state, which achieves a sealing effect.

[0043] Install the front cover sealing gasket 8 onto the housing 1, press the front cover 9 against the front cover sealing gasket 8, and install it onto the housing 1 with bolts.

[0044] Weld the welding nozzle 12 to the front cover 9, and screw the insertion nozzle 16 onto the side wall of the housing 1.

[0045] All parts are fitted with clearance fits to facilitate repeated disassembly and assembly.

[0046] It should be noted that the bearing adjusting shim 18 can be set in various specifications to meet the bearing preload requirements.

[0047] The main shaft 2 is placed horizontally, with two sets of bearings 3 and 17 installed in the middle, and one set of end face seals installed at the front and rear ends respectively. Under the drive of the test drive system, the main shaft 2 can reach a speed of over 40,000 r / min.

[0048] The experimental procedure is as follows:

[0049] After the test apparatus is assembled, it is connected to the mounting bracket of the test system through the mounting holes of the test apparatus housing 1. At the same time, the main shaft 2 is connected to the output shaft of the test drive system through a coupling to provide power for the test. The cryogenic medium system is connected to the screw-in connector 16 of the housing 1 to provide the test medium for cryogenic operation and to provide cooling for the bearings. The measurement system measures the temperature and pressure of the sealing cavity, leakage cavity I, and leakage cavity II through the screw-in connector 16. At the same time, the leakage pipeline system is also connected through the screw-in connector 16 and the welded connector 12, and a flow meter is added to the pipeline to measure the leakage.

[0050] like Figure 2As shown, for leakage cavity II, which is composed of both a cup seal and an end face seal, friction between the rotating spindle and the cup 27 may cause medium leakage, resulting in inaccurate measurement of the leakage Q2 of the end face seal II. Therefore, the flow rates at the inlet, outlet, and both sides of the test medium were measured and recorded as Q. IN Q OUT Q1, Q2, the leakage of end face seal II is Q 2Real =Q IN -Q OUT -Q1.

[0051] In this invention, stationary ring assembly I and stationary ring assembly II are symmetrically mounted on the housing, respectively contacting two rotating rings mounted on the main shaft to form a dual-position end-face seal. This test device is used for running-in tests, sampling tests, and research tests of the low-temperature, high-speed end-face seals of hydrogen-oxygen engine turbopumps. By assembling the end-face seal products (stationary ring assembly and rotating ring) into the test device of this invention, the working conditions of the engine turbopump are simulated, and the leakage of the two sets of end-face seals is quantitatively measured simultaneously to evaluate the sealing performance of the two sets of end-face seal products, thus doubling the testing efficiency.

[0052] The undisclosed technologies in this invention are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A low-temperature, high-speed, dual-station end-face sealing test device for a hydrogen-oxygen turbopump, characterized in that: Includes housing (1), main shaft (2), front bearing (3), front bearing locking nut (4), rotating ring I (6), front adapter seat (7), front end cover gasket (8), front end cover (9), rotating ring gasket I (10), front locking nut (11), welding nozzle (12), stationary ring assembly I (13), stationary ring assembly gasket I (14), front adapter seat gasket (15), screw-in nozzle (16), rear bearing (17), bearing cover (19), rear adapter seat gasket (21), rear adapter seat (22), rear end cover gasket (23), rear end cover (24), rear locking nut (25), sealing assembly, rotating ring gasket II (28), rotating ring II (29), stationary ring assembly II (30), cup cover (31), stationary ring assembly gasket II (32); The housing (1) has a stepped cavity inside. The front bearing (3) and the front bearing locking nut (4) are installed in the cavity inside the housing. The front bearing locking nut (4) fixes the outer ring of the front bearing (3). The main shaft (2) is located in the cavity of the housing and passes through the inner ring of the front bearing (3) and is limited by the step. The inner ring of the rear bearing (17) is installed on the shoulder of the main shaft (2). The bearing adjusting shim (18) is installed on the outer ring of the rear bearing (17). The bearing cover (19) is installed on the housing (1) and presses the bearing adjusting shim (18) to eliminate the bearing clearance and achieve the bearing preload. The moving ring II (29) is fitted on the main shaft (2). The moving ring washer II (28) is installed on the moving ring II (29). The rear locking nut (25) is screwed on the main shaft (2) and contacts the moving ring washer II (28) to achieve the tightening effect. The rear adapter gasket (21) is installed in the sealing groove of the housing (1). The rear adapter (22) presses the rear adapter gasket (21) and is installed on the housing (1) by bolts. The stationary ring assembly gasket II (32) is installed on the rear adapter (22). The stationary ring assembly II (30) presses the stationary ring assembly gasket II (32) and is installed on the rear adapter (22) by bolts. The stationary ring assembly II (30) is in contact with the moving ring II (29). The stationary ring assembly II (30) is in a compressed state, which achieves the sealing effect. The rear cover sealing gasket (23) is installed on the housing (1), the rear cover (24) presses the rear cover sealing gasket (23) and is installed on the housing (1) by bolts; the sealing assembly is installed on the rear cover (24) and pressed with the cup cover (31), the cup cover (31) is installed on the rear cover (24) by bolts; The rotating ring I (6) is mounted on the main shaft (2), the rotating ring washer I (10) is mounted on the rotating ring I (6), and the front locking nut (11) is screwed onto the main shaft (2) and contacts the rotating ring washer I (10) to achieve the function of fastening. The front adapter gasket (15) is installed on the housing (1), the front adapter (7) presses the front adapter gasket (15) and is installed on the housing (1) by bolts; the stationary ring assembly gasket I (14) is installed on the front adapter (7), the stationary ring assembly I (13) presses the stationary ring assembly gasket I (14) and is installed on the front adapter (7) by bolts, the stationary ring assembly I (13) is in contact with the moving ring I (6), the stationary ring assembly I (13) is in a compressed state, and has a sealing effect; the front cover gasket (8) is installed on the housing (1), the front cover (9) presses the front cover gasket (8) and is installed on the housing (1) by bolts; The rotating ring I (6) contacts the stationary ring assembly I (13) to form an end face seal I, and the rotating ring II (29) contacts the stationary ring assembly II (30) to form an end face seal II. The cavity between the end face seal I and the end face seal II is a sealing cavity. The sealing cavity is connected to the test system through a screw-in connector (16) on the side wall of the housing (1). The front end cover (9) and the end face seal I form a leakage cavity I. The rear end cover (24) sealed by the sealing assembly and the end face seal II form a leakage cavity II. The leakage cavity I is connected to the test system through a welded connector (12), and the leakage cavity II is connected to the test system through a screw-in connector (16) on the side wall of the housing (1).

2. The low-temperature, high-speed, dual-station end-face sealing test device for a hydrogen-oxygen turbopump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly includes multiple sets of alternating spacer rings (26) and cups (27).

3. The low-temperature, high-speed, dual-station end-face sealing test device for a hydrogen-oxygen turbopump according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a front axle sleeve (5) and a rear axle sleeve (20); The rear axle sleeve (20) is fitted onto the rear end of the main shaft (2) and contacts the inner ring of the rear bearing (17). The moving ring II (29) is fitted onto the main shaft (2) and contacts one end of the rear axle sleeve (20). The front axle sleeve (5) is fitted onto the front end of the main shaft (2) and contacts the inner ring of the front bearing (3). The moving ring I (6) is fitted onto the main shaft (2) and contacts one end of the front axle sleeve (5).

4. The low-temperature, high-speed, dual-station end-face sealing test device for a hydrogen-oxygen turbopump according to claim 1, characterized in that: All parts are clearance fits, allowing for repeated disassembly and assembly.

5. The low-temperature, high-speed, dual-station end-face sealing test device for a hydrogen-oxygen turbopump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing adjusting shim (18) can be set to different specifications according to the bearing preload requirements.

6. The cryogenic high-speed dual-station end-face sealing test device for a hydrogen-oxygen turbopump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front bearing (3) serves as the fixed end, and the rear bearing (17) serves as the adjusting end. Different preloads are applied to the rear bearing (17) by the bearing adjusting shim (18) to adjust the axial clearance of the front bearing (3) and the rear bearing (17).

7. The cryogenic high-speed dual-station end-face sealing test device for a hydrogen-oxygen turbopump according to claim 1, characterized in that: Temperature and pressure sensors are installed at the welded nozzle (12) and screwed-in nozzle (16) to monitor the temperature and pressure of the sealing cavity and leakage cavity I and leakage cavity II.

8. The cryogenic high-speed dual-station end-face sealing test device for a hydrogen-oxygen turbopump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test medium enters from the bottom of the sealed cavity and flows out from the top of the sealed cavity; the test medium passes through end face seal I to reach leakage cavity I, and passes through end face seal II to reach leakage cavity II.

9. A method for testing the low-temperature, high-speed, dual-station end-face sealing of a hydrogen-oxygen turbopump using the apparatus described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that... include: The testing device is connected to the mounting bracket of the testing system through the mounting holes of the housing, and the main shaft is connected to the output shaft of the drive system through a coupling; The test device is connected to the test system through two types of connectors: screw-in connector (16) and welded connector (12); The test device is pre-cooled by introducing a low-temperature medium into the test system; After precooling is completed, test parameters are set, and the spindle is driven to rotate via the drive device. Measure the medium flow rate Q1 in leakage chamber I and the medium flow rate Q2 in leakage chamber II to complete the dual-station end face sealing.

10. The method for testing the low-temperature, high-speed, dual-station end-face seal of a hydrogen-oxygen turbopump according to claim 9, characterized in that, Because the rotation of the main shaft (2) causes friction with the sealing assembly, there will be media leakage at the seal, resulting in an error in the measured media flow rate Q2 of the leakage chamber II. The actual media flow rate Q of the leakage chamber II is... 2Real Satisfying Q 2Real =Q IN -Q OUT -Q1, where Q IN For the flow rate of the medium entering the sealed cavity, Q OUT This represents the flow rate of the medium exiting the sealed cavity.

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