A wearable device and a method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application provides a wearable device and a preparation method thereof. The wearable device comprises a lens, a display device and a transmission assembly. The lens is provided with a groove. The transmission assembly is inserted into the groove and is fixedly connected with the lens. The transmission assembly is used for transmitting light corresponding to a display image to the lens. The transmission assembly comprises a medium layer and a reflective grating. The reflective grating is arranged outside the medium layer and is used for limiting the light corresponding to the display image to be transmitted in the medium layer. The propagation direction of the light is controlled by using the reflective grating. The light of the display image transmitted by the transmission assembly is limited to be transmitted in the medium layer to the lens. Therefore, it is not required that the incident angle of the light entering the medium satisfies the total reflection condition. That is, the incident angle of the light entering the medium layer can be smaller than the critical reflection angle. The light can enter the medium layer at more angles. Therefore, when the light is transmitted from the medium layer, the light can have a larger visual angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of virtual and reality technology, and in particular to a wearable device and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] Augmented reality (AR) display technology, as a new form of display, has developed rapidly in recent years and has broad application scenarios in consumer, education, medical, and security fields. The combination of AR and glasses is widely recognized in the industry as an important development direction for AR technology, which can significantly improve the portability and practicality of AR. To display image information in front of the eyes, the mainstream solution uses gratings and waveguides to transmit light from a side-mounted display device to the glasses lenses and project it into the eye. The light emitted by the microdisplay is collimated into parallel light by a collimating lens group. The light is then coupled into the waveguide glass by the coupling grating, and the angle of incidence of the light satisfies the total internal reflection condition in the waveguide, i.e., the angle of incidence is greater than the critical reflection angle. The coupled light propagates within the waveguide glass. When the light encounters the coupling grating, the total internal reflection condition is broken, and the light exits the waveguide through the coupling grating and enters the eye, thus displaying the image. On the other hand, external light can pass through the optical waveguide normally, thus achieving the superposition of virtual and real images, i.e., augmented reality display. However, when using the above method to achieve the effect of virtual and real images, the propagation of light in the optical waveguide needs to meet the condition of total internal reflection, resulting in a relatively small viewing angle of the virtual image and affecting the display effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a wearable device and a method for manufacturing the same, which improves the visual effect of the wearable device.

[0004] Firstly, a wearable device is provided, comprising a lens, a display device, and a transmission component. A groove is provided within the lens, and the transmission component is inserted into the groove and fixedly connected to the lens. The display device provides a display image, the lens displays the image provided by the display device, and the transmission component transmits light corresponding to the display image to the lens. To improve transmission efficiency, the transmission component includes a dielectric layer and a reflective grating. The reflective grating is disposed outside the dielectric layer, and the dielectric layer contains the light corresponding to the display image for transmission. The reflective grating confines the light corresponding to the display image within the dielectric layer for transmission. In this technical solution, the reflective grating controls the propagation direction of the light, confining the light of the display image transmitted by the transmission component within the dielectric layer to the lens. This eliminates the requirement that the incident angle of the light entering the dielectric layer meets the total internal reflection condition; that is, the incident angle of the light entering the dielectric layer can be less than the critical reflection angle. The light can enter the dielectric layer at more angles, thus ensuring a wider viewing angle when exiting the dielectric layer.

[0005] In one possible implementation, the lens is detachably and fixedly connected to the transmission assembly. This detachable design of the transmission assembly and lens allows for the adaptation to different types of lenses and facilitates lens replacement.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the transmission component is bonded to the lens using organic adhesive.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the reflective grating includes a first reflective grating and a second reflective grating; wherein the first reflective grating and the second reflective grating are located on opposite sides of the dielectric layer. By placing reflective gratings on both sides of the dielectric layer, the confinement of light is improved.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the reflective grating is a surface relief grating or a volume holographic grating.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the transmission component further includes an input grating and an output grating; the input grating is used to couple the light corresponding to the displayed image into the dielectric layer; the output grating is used to couple the light corresponding to the displayed image out of the dielectric layer; wherein the light corresponding to the displayed image, after being coupled out of the dielectric layer, passes through the lens and enters the human eye.

[0010] In one possible implementation, when the reflective grating comprises a first reflective grating and a second reflective grating, the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are located on the same side of the dielectric layer as the first reflective grating, and the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are integrally formed with the first reflective grating; or, the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are located on the same side of the dielectric layer as the second reflective grating, and the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are integrally formed with the second reflective grating. This facilitates the fabrication of the transmission component.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the coupled-in grating is a reflective grating or a transmissive grating; the coupled-out grating is a reflective grating or a transmissive grating.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are transmissive gratings; the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are located on the side of the dielectric layer facing the display device.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the coupling-in grating, the coupling-out grating, and the first reflective grating are located on the same side, and the sum of the lengths of the coupling-in grating, the coupling-out grating, and the first reflective grating is not less than the length of the second reflective grating, while the length of the first reflective grating is less than the length of the second reflective grating. This ensures that light can propagate between the second reflective grating and the coupling-in and coupling-out gratings.

[0014] In one possible implementation, both the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are reflective gratings; the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are located on the side of the dielectric layer opposite to the display device.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the coupling-in grating, the coupling-out grating, and the second reflective grating are located on the same side, and the sum of the lengths of the coupling-in grating, the coupling-out grating, and the second reflective grating is not less than the length of the first reflective grating, while the length of the second reflective grating is less than the length of the first reflective grating. This ensures that light can propagate between the first reflective grating and the coupling-in and coupling-out gratings.

[0016] In one possible implementation, a collimating lens group is further included; the collimating lens group is disposed on the light-emitting surface of the display device and is used to collimate the light rays of the transmitted image to the coupling grating. The collimating lens group improves the propagation direction of the light, causing the light rays of the transmitted image to enter the transmission component as approximately parallel light.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the collimating lens group is a lens group formed by a convex lens, a concave lens, or a combination of convex and concave lenses.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the lens is either a curved lens or a flat lens. Different types of lenses can be accommodated.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the wearable device further includes a frame and temples, with the lens fixed to the frame and the display device fixed to the frame or temples.

[0020] Secondly, a method for manufacturing a wearable device is provided, the wearable device including a lens, a transmission component, and a display device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0021] The lens and the transmission component are fixedly connected;

[0022] The display device is configured to provide a display image, wherein...

[0023] The transmission component includes a dielectric layer and a reflective grating; the reflective grating is disposed outside the dielectric layer, and the dielectric layer is used to transmit light corresponding to the displayed image, while the reflective grating is used to confine the light corresponding to the displayed image to the dielectric layer for transmission.

[0024] In the above technical solution, a reflective grating is used to control the propagation direction of light, so that the light of the display image transmitted by the transmission component is confined in the dielectric layer to the lens. Therefore, it is not required that the incident angle of the light entering the dielectric meets the condition of total internal reflection. That is, the incident angle of the light entering the dielectric layer can be less than the critical reflection angle, and the light can enter the dielectric layer at a larger angle, thereby ensuring that the light has a larger viewing angle when it exits the dielectric layer.

[0025] In one possible implementation, a groove is provided inside the lens, and the fixing of the lens and the transmission component includes: inserting the transmission component into the groove and bonding it with organic adhesive.

[0026] Thirdly, a method for fabricating a transmission component is provided, the method comprising: setting a dielectric layer, wherein the dielectric layer is used to transmit light corresponding to a displayed image;

[0027] A reflective grating is provided on the outside of the dielectric layer, which is used to confine the light corresponding to the displayed image to the dielectric layer for transmission.

[0028] In the above technical solution, a reflective grating is used to control the propagation direction of light, so that the light of the display image transmitted by the transmission component is confined in the dielectric layer to the lens. Therefore, it is not required that the incident angle of the light entering the dielectric meets the condition of total internal reflection. That is, the incident angle of the light entering the dielectric layer can be less than the critical reflection angle, and the light can enter the dielectric layer at a larger angle, thereby ensuring that the light has a larger viewing angle when it exits the dielectric layer.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the provision of a reflective grating on the outer side of the dielectric layer specifically includes:

[0030] The first reflective grating is disposed on the first side of the dielectric layer;

[0031] The second reflective grating is disposed on the second side of the dielectric layer;

[0032] The first side and the second side are opposite sides of the dielectric layer, and the first reflective grating and the second reflective grating are used to reflect the light corresponding to the displayed image.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the preparation method further includes:

[0034] An input grating and an output grating are fabricated on the dielectric layer;

[0035] The coupling grating is used to couple the light corresponding to the displayed image into the medium layer;

[0036] The coupling grating is used to couple the light corresponding to the displayed image out of the medium layer; the light corresponding to the displayed image is coupled out of the medium layer and passes through the lens to enter the human eye.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are integrally formed with the first reflective grating on the first side of the dielectric layer; or...

[0038] The coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are integrally fabricated with the second reflective grating on the second side of the dielectric layer. The reflective grating and the coupling-in and coupling-out gratings can be fabricated and deposited on the dielectric layer in a single step, simplifying the fabrication process and improving the yield.

[0039] Fourthly, a method for displaying an image is provided, the method being applied to a wearable device, the wearable device including a lens, a display device, and a transmission component, wherein a groove is provided within the lens; the transmission component is inserted into the groove, and the transmission component is fixedly connected to the lens, the method comprising:

[0040] The light corresponding to the display image provided by the display device is transmitted to the lens through the transmission component;

[0041] The transmission component includes a dielectric layer and a reflective grating. The reflective grating is disposed outside the dielectric layer, and the dielectric layer is used to transmit light corresponding to the displayed image. The reflective grating is used to confine the light corresponding to the displayed image to the dielectric layer for transmission.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: coupling light corresponding to the displayed image into the dielectric layer via a coupling grating; and coupling light corresponding to the displayed image out of the dielectric layer via a coupling grating.

[0043] The light corresponding to the displayed image is coupled out from the medium layer and passes through the lens to enter the human eye.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the reflective grating includes a first reflective grating and a second reflective grating; wherein the first reflective grating and the second reflective grating are located on opposite sides of the dielectric layer.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the area of ​​the first reflective grating is smaller than the area of ​​the second reflective grating, and the first reflective grating, the coupling-in grating, and the coupling-out grating are integrally formed on the same side of the dielectric layer. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of wearable devices in the prior art;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of light propagating in an optical waveguide.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wearable device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stepped surface relief grating provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rectangular surface relief grating provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wedge-shaped surface relief grating provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a volume holographic grating provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another transmission component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 10 A front view of the lens and transmission component in conjunction with an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 11 A side view of the lens and transmission assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the lens structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0058] First, let's introduce wearable devices. Wearable devices utilize augmented reality (AR) technology, enabling the display of both virtual and digital images. For example... Figure 1 The wearable device in the prior art shown includes a display device, lenses, and an optical waveguide to display image information in front of the eyes. In use, the display device displays an image, and the optical waveguide transmits the image displayed by the display device to the lenses for virtual display. At this time, real external scenes (real light) can also be transmitted to the user's eyes through the lenses, and simultaneously, the virtual image displayed by the display device can also be transmitted to the user's eyes, thus achieving simultaneous display of virtual and real scenes. In use, the light from the display device 2 is collimated into parallel light by the collimating lens group 5, and then coupled into the optical waveguide 1 by the coupling grating 3, and coupled out of the eyeglass lenses by the coupling grating 4.

[0059] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of light propagating in an optical waveguide is shown. First, the field of view (FOV) is explained. In optical engineering, the field of view, also known as the viewing angle, determines the range of vision of an optical instrument. In the embodiments of this application, the field of view can also be understood as the viewing angle of the display device. For example... Figure 2 As shown, α and α' are the propagation angles of different light rays within optical waveguide 1, and FOV and FOV' are the different field of view angles corresponding to α and α'. (Reference) Figure 2The light rays shown have a field of view (FOV) greater than FOV'. The light rays pass through a coupling grating to adjust their direction, and the incident angle α is less than α'. In other words, the larger the FOV, the smaller the incident angle α becomes after the light rays pass through the coupling grating to adjust their direction. However, when light propagates within waveguide 1, it can only propagate through total internal reflection (total internal reflection refers to the phenomenon where, when light travels from a medium with a higher refractive index to a medium with a lower refractive index, if the incident angle is greater than a certain critical angle, the refracted light will disappear, and all incident light will be reflected and not enter the lower refractive index medium) when α ≥ the critical angle. Therefore, wearable devices in the prior art cannot provide a large viewing angle when displaying virtual images. To address this, this application provides a wearable device to improve the display effect, which will be described in detail below with reference to specific drawings and embodiments.

[0060] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a wearable device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. The wearable device includes a lens 10, a display device 30, and a transmission component 20. The display device 30 is used to provide a display image, and the lens 10 is used to display the display image provided by the display device 30. The transmission component 20 is used to transmit light corresponding to the display image to the lens 10, so that the image provided by the display device 30 can be displayed through the lens 10. To facilitate understanding of the wearable device provided in the embodiment of this application, the structure of the wearable device will be described in detail below.

[0061] The wearable device provided in this embodiment is a pair of glasses, which includes a frame, lenses 10, and temples. The frame serves as a support structure for fixing the lenses 10, and the temples are rotatably connected to the frame, allowing them to be folded. Alternatively, the temples can be non-folding, in which case they can be integrated with the frame. The lenses 10 can be flat or curved, or they can be myopic or hyperopic lenses for refractive adjustment, etc., and are not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0062] The display device 30 includes a microdisplay screen for displaying virtual image content, including but not limited to pictures or videos. The microdisplay screen is disposed on one side of the glasses; for example, it can be fixed to the temple or the frame. However, regardless of its location, the light-emitting surface 31 of the microdisplay screen should face the transmission component 20 so that the light emitted by the microdisplay screen can be transmitted to the transmission component 20.

[0063] It should be understood that the display device 30 provided in this application embodiment is not limited to a microdisplay screen, but may also be a microprojector. A microprojector can also be used to project virtual images required by wearable devices. In the aforementioned microdisplay screen and microprojector, "micro" refers to the size. In this application, the size of the microdisplay screen or microprojector needs to meet the size requirements for being mounted on glasses; however, the specific size may vary depending on the actual product device and is not specifically limited in this application.

[0064] As an optional solution, the wearable device may also include a collimating lens group 40, which is disposed on the light-emitting surface of the display device 30 and is used to collimate the light rays transmitting the image into the grating. For example, the collimating lens group 40 is located between the display device 30 and the transmission component 20. The diverging light rays emitted by the display device 30 are collimated by the collimating lens group 40 to form parallel or nearly parallel light rays that enter the transmission component 20.

[0065] When the microdisplay is located on one side of the glasses, the collimating lens group 40 is also placed on the same side of the glasses to ensure that light can be collimated into the transmission assembly 20.

[0066] The collimating lens group 40 may include a single lens or multiple lenses. For example, when using a single lens, the lens may be a convex lens, a concave lens, a prism, or other different lenses. When using multiple lenses, a lens group formed by combining convex and concave lenses may be used, as long as the collimating lens group 40 is capable of collimating diverging light rays into parallel light rays.

[0067] Please refer to the above. Figure 4 , Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the transmission component 20 is shown. The transmission component 20 is used to transmit light corresponding to the displayed image. Its main structure is a dielectric layer 21, which, for example, can be a light-transmitting waveguide such as glass or resin.

[0068] The dielectric layer 21 extends along a first direction, which is the length direction of the lens. When the dielectric layer 21 is engaged with the lens, part of the dielectric layer 21 is inserted into the lens, and part is exposed outside the lens. For ease of description, the dielectric layer 21 is divided into a first region, a second region, and a third region. The first region is located within the lens, the second region is located between the first and third regions, and the third region faces the display device.

[0069] During operation, the third region serves as the input region of the dielectric layer 21. Light emitted by the display device can enter through the third region, propagate within the dielectric layer 21, and after being transmitted through the second region, enter the third region. The first region serves as the output region of the transmission component 20. Light enters the lens from the first region and is displayed on the lens.

[0070] The transmission component 20 also includes an input grating 24 and an output grating 23. The input grating 24 is used to couple the light corresponding to the display image into the medium layer 21 for propagation, and the output grating 23 is used to couple the light corresponding to the display image out of the medium layer 21. The light corresponding to the display image is coupled out of the medium layer 21, passes through the lens, and enters the human eye to realize the display of the virtual image. When setting the input grating 24 and the output grating 23, the input grating 24 and the output grating 23 are located at opposite ends of the medium layer 21. The input grating 24 is located in the first region of the medium layer 21, and the light corresponding to the display image is coupled into the medium layer 21 through the input grating 24. The output grating 23 is located in the third region of the medium layer 21, and the light corresponding to the display image is coupled out of the lens through the output grating 23 and enters the human eye through the lens, thereby enabling the human eye to receive the light corresponding to the display image and realize virtual display.

[0071] When light is reflected within the dielectric layer 21, if it only propagates through the dielectric layer 21, the influence of the total internal reflection angle of the dielectric layer 21 needs to be considered. However, in the prior art, to ensure that light can be reflected within the dielectric layer 21, the light needs to enter the dielectric layer 21 at a certain angle, resulting in a smaller viewing angle for the virtual image during display. To improve the propagation of light within the dielectric layer 21, the transmission component 20 in this embodiment is provided with a reflective grating 22. This reflective grating 22 is used to confine the light corresponding to the display image within the dielectric layer 21 for transmission. By using the reflective grating 22 as the optical path control, the reflection and propagation of light are realized. Compared with the traditional total internal reflection mode, when the light corresponding to the display image is reflected by the reflective grating 22, there is no need to consider the critical angle of light propagation within the dielectric layer 21. Therefore, the incident angle of the light corresponding to the display image can be smaller, thereby achieving a larger viewing angle. The reflective grating 22 provided in this embodiment is described in detail below.

[0072] The reflective grating 22 provided in this embodiment includes a first reflective grating 222 and a second reflective grating 221, with the first reflective grating 222 and the second reflective grating 221 located on opposite sides of the dielectric layer 21. The opposite sides of the dielectric layer 21 refer to the side of the dielectric layer 21 facing the display device and the side facing away from the display device. For example, the first reflective grating 222 is located on the side of the dielectric layer 21 facing the display device, and the second reflective grating 221 is located on the side of the dielectric layer 21 facing away from the display device.

[0073] The first reflective grating 222 and the second reflective grating 221 can be directly formed on the dielectric layer 21 by etching or engraving, or they can be directly fixed to the dielectric layer 21 by other means, such as by bonding the first reflective grating 222 and the second reflective grating 221 to the dielectric layer 21.

[0074] The reflective grating 22 can be of different types, such as the first reflective grating 222 and the second reflective grating 221 being surface relief gratings or volume holographic gratings. That is, the first reflective grating 222 and the second reflective grating 221 can both be surface relief gratings, or the first reflective grating 222 and the second reflective grating 221 can both be volume holographic gratings.

[0075] When using surface relief gratings, the first reflection grating 222 and the second reflection grating 221 can employ different types of reflective surface relief gratings, such as... Figure 5 The stepped surface relief grating shown Figure 6 The rectangular surface relief grating shown, or as... Figure 7 The wedge-shaped surface relief grating shown.

[0076] When light rays pass through a grating, diffraction occurs, causing monochromatic light to split. By controlling the grating structure to maximize the intensity of a specific diffraction order (reflection or transmission), the direction of light propagation can be altered. Therefore, different types of gratings can be tuned according to their parameters to adjust different transmission and reflection orders and intensity distributions, thereby controlling the direction of light propagation.

[0077] Continue to refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 Some of the labels in the text can be referenced. Figure 4 The descriptions using the same reference numerals are as follows. In a stepped surface relief grating, different reflection orders and reflection angles can be achieved by adjusting the tilt angle θ, grating period n, grating height m, duty cycle b, step width a, and step height c. For example, R0 is the zeroth reflection order, R1 is the first reflection order, and T0 is the zeroth transmission order. Other transmission and reflection orders are not shown in this embodiment. When incident light I of a certain wavelength enters the grating, the intensity of the reflected and transmitted light at each level can be adjusted by parameters such as the grating period n, grating height m, and duty cycle b. In this embodiment, the intensity of the first reflection order R1 is the greatest. After the first reflection order R1 encounters the first reflection grating 222, the intensity of the light from the first reflection order R1 is the greatest, and it maintains the same incident angle as the incident light I to ensure that the angle of light propagation in the dielectric layer 21 is consistent, avoiding the "rainbow effect" in the light emitted from the coupling grating.

[0078] Similarly, for Figure 6 and Figure 7 The angle and intensity of reflected light in the rectangular and wedge-shaped surface relief gratings shown are also controlled by parameters such as grating period and duty cycle, which will not be elaborated here.

[0079] In addition, the reflection grating can also be a volume holographic grating, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the light modulation effect of the volume holographic grating is controlled by the grating period n, the tilt angle θ, and the refractive index modulation coefficient Δn. n2 is the refractive index of the filled line portion, and n1 is the refractive index of the base material. These parameters allow for the control of light intensity and angle.

[0080] In this embodiment, a reflective grating is used for light control, and the propagation angle is controlled by the grating parameters, allowing for a wide range of light propagation angle values. Combined with... Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the viewing angle shown indicates that α represents the transmission angle of light in the transmission component provided in this application embodiment, and α' represents the angle of light in the optical waveguide in the prior art when it is transmitted by total internal reflection. α' ≥ the critical angle, while in this application, since a reflective grating is used to control the propagation of light, α can be less than the critical angle. Therefore, the transmission component provided in this application embodiment can provide a larger viewing angle.

[0081] When setting the input grating 23 and the output grating 24, different types of gratings can be used, such as reflective gratings or transmissive gratings.

[0082] The coupling grating 23 and the coupling grating 24 can adopt either diffraction transmission mode or diffraction reflection mode. For example, both coupling grating 23 and the coupling grating 24 can be in diffraction transmission mode, or both can adopt diffraction reflection mode. Of course, coupling grating 23 and the coupling grating are not limited to both being in diffraction transmission or diffraction reflection mode simultaneously; they can also be a mixture of diffraction transmission and diffraction reflection modes, such as coupling grating 23 being in diffraction transmission mode and coupling grating 24 being in diffraction reflection mode. Several specific examples of coupling grating 23 and coupling grating 24 are illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0083] like Figure 4 As shown, the insertion grating 23 and the output grating 24 are transmissive gratings. The insertion grating 23 and the output grating 24 are located on the side of the dielectric layer facing the display device, that is, the insertion grating 23, the output grating 24 and the first reflective grating 222 are located on the same side of the dielectric layer; the second reflective grating 221 is located on the other side of the dielectric layer.

[0084] When setting the first reflective grating 222, the second reflective grating 221, the input grating 23, and the output grating 24, the sum of the lengths of the input grating 23, the output grating 24, and the first reflective grating 222 is not less than the length of the second reflective grating 221, and the length of the first reflective grating 222 is less than the length of the second reflective grating 221. For example, if the length of the first reflective grating 222 is L1, the length of the second reflective grating 221 is L2, the length of the input grating 23 is L3, and the length of the output grating 24 is L4, then L1 + L3 + L4 ≥ L2, and L1 < L2. This ensures that the first reflective grating 222 and the second reflective grating 221 can effectively confine light propagation within the dielectric layer.

[0085] like Figure 9 As shown, the coupling grating 23 and the output grating 24 can also be reflective gratings, located on the side of the dielectric layer away from the display device. That is, the coupling grating 23, the output grating 24, and the second reflective grating 221 are located on the same side, while the first reflective grating 222 is located on the other side of the dielectric layer. From the structure of the grating, it can be seen that the grating can transmit light at a set angle. Therefore, the light corresponding to the displayed image can pass through the second reflective grating 222 and the dielectric layer before propagating to the coupling grating 23. The light is then reflected by the coupling grating 23, and the reflected light is then reflected by the first reflective grating 222 and the second reflective grating 221 and confined within the dielectric layer.

[0086] When setting the first reflective grating 222, the second reflective grating 221, the coupling-in grating 23, and the coupling-out grating 24, the coupling-in grating 23, the coupling-out grating 24, and the second reflective grating 221 are located on the same side, and the sum of the lengths of the coupling-in grating 23, the coupling-out grating 24, and the second reflective grating 221 is not less than the length of the first reflective grating 222, and the length of the second reflective grating 221 is less than the length of the first reflective grating 222. If the length of the first reflective grating 222 is L1, the length of the second reflective grating 221 is L2, the length of the coupling-in grating 23 is L3, and the length of the coupling-out grating 24 is L4, then the following conditions are met: L2 + L3 + L4 ≥ L1, and L2 < L1.

[0087] The coupling grating 23 and the coupling grating 24 can be surface relief gratings or volume holographic gratings. The structures of surface relief gratings and volume holographic gratings can be found in [reference]. Figures 5-8 As an optional solution, the reflective grating and the coupling gratings 23 and 24 are of the same type. For example, the reflective grating is a surface-embossed grating, and the coupling gratings 23 and 24 are also surface-embossed gratings. Since the gratings are of the same type, the reflective grating and the coupling gratings 23 and 24 can be fabricated and deposited on the waveguide glass in a single step, simplifying the fabrication process and improving yield. For example, the coupling gratings and the coupling gratings are located on the same side of the dielectric layer as the first reflective grating, and are integrally formed with the first reflective grating in the dielectric layer; or, the coupling gratings and the coupling gratings are located on the same side of the dielectric layer as the second reflective grating, and are integrally formed with the second reflective grating in the dielectric layer. This simplifies the fabrication process of the transmission component.

[0088] refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 , Figure 10 A frontal schematic diagram showing the lens and transmission assembly in action is shown. Figure 11A side view of the lens and transmission component is shown. The wearable device provided in this embodiment adopts modular components, with the lens 10 and transmission component 20 being independent components connected by a detachable connection. Therefore, the lens 10 and transmission component 20 can be selected according to different users. For example, myopic users can choose a curved lens, and the waveguide in the transmission component 20 can be a conventional optical waveguide; or, if security personnel only need simple monochromatic information to meet their needs, they can choose a plano curved lens 10, and the optical waveguide in the transmission component 20 can be a monochromatic optical waveguide. The modular structure facilitates flexible assembly and maintenance. When a user needs to replace the curved lens 10 due to changes in vision, both can be disassembled, and only the curved lens 10 needs to be replaced.

[0089] Please refer to the above. Figure 12 , Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the lens 10 is shown. The lens 10 has a groove 11 for accommodating the transmission component 20. One end of the groove 11 is open. During assembly, the transmission component 20 is inserted into the groove 11 and fixedly connected to the lens 10. For example, a transparent organic adhesive can be used to fix the transmission component 20 and the lens 10 together, forming a structure as shown. Figure 10 The structure shown is as follows. If the glasses need to be repaired or replaced, the organic adhesive can be dissolved using an organic solvent corresponding to the organic adhesive, thus allowing the curved lens 10 and the transmission component 20 to be separated without damage.

[0090] In the specific fabrication of the lens 10, resin injection molding is used according to user requirements, and a groove 11 is left during injection molding. For example, the dimensions of the groove 11 are as follows: a groove 11 with a thickness t of approximately 1–0.3 mm, a width w of 15–30 mm, and a depth d of 20–40 mm. It should be understood that the above dimensions are only a specific example of the groove 11, and the width and depth of the groove 11 can be adjusted according to the size of the curved lens 10 in different usage scenarios. For example, when using goggles, the corresponding depth may need to be adjusted to 30–60 mm.

[0091] The dimensions of the corresponding transmission component 20 are as follows: length is d+10mm, width is w-0.1mm, and thickness is t-0.1mm; when the curved lens 10 and the transmission component 20 are assembled, the gap between the transmission component 20 and the groove 11 is ≤50μm.

[0092] When assembling the transmission component 20 with the lens 10, the transmission component 20 is inserted into the groove 11 of the curved lens 10. After the transmission component 20 is inserted into the groove, organic adhesive is injected for fixation and encapsulation. The organic adhesive can be a transparent polymer such as polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyimide, or epoxy resin. Under certain conditions, the organic adhesive cures, thereby fixing the transmission component 20 and achieving the encapsulation effect.

[0093] Since the organic adhesive can be re-dissolved in the corresponding organic solvent, such as acetone, when it is necessary to disassemble the curved lens 10 or the optical waveguide, the organic adhesive can be dissolved by the organic solvent to achieve non-destructive separation of the curved lens 10 and the optical waveguide, which is convenient for replacement and maintenance.

[0094] As can be seen from the above description, the wearable device provided in this application embodiment employs a reflective grating fabricated around the optical waveguide to control the propagation direction of light. Unlike traditional total internal reflection, the advantage of the reflective grating is that it eliminates the need to consider the refractive index of the medium surrounding the optical waveguide, thus ensuring a high viewing angle. Furthermore, the modular lens 10 and optical waveguide of the wearable device can be flexibly disassembled and assembled, improving product yield.

[0095] This application also provides a method for manufacturing a wearable device, the wearable device including a lens, a transmission component, and a display device, the method including the following steps:

[0096] Step 001: Securely connect the chip and the transmission component;

[0097] First, a groove is formed inside the lens. For example, if a curved lens is manufactured according to user requirements, a groove with a thickness t of approximately 1–0.3 mm, a width w of 15–30 mm, and a depth d of 20–40 mm is formed during the casting process. The width and depth of the groove can be adjusted according to the size of the curved lens for different usage scenarios. For example, for safety goggles, the corresponding depth may need to be adjusted to 30–60 mm.

[0098] The lens and transmission component are assembled. The transmission component is inserted into the groove of the lens and bonded together using organic adhesive. For example, after the transmission component is inserted into the groove, organic adhesive is injected for fixation and encapsulation. The organic adhesive can be a transparent polymer such as polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyimide, or epoxy resin. Under certain conditions, the organic adhesive cures, thereby achieving the effects of fixing the optical waveguide and encapsulation.

[0099] Since organic adhesives can be dissolved in corresponding organic solvents, such as acetone, when it is necessary to disassemble curved lenses or optical waveguides, the organic adhesives can be dissolved in organic solvents to achieve non-destructive separation of curved lenses and optical waveguides, which is convenient for replacement and maintenance.

[0100] The transmission component includes a dielectric layer and a reflective grating. The reflective grating is disposed outside the dielectric layer and is used inside the dielectric layer to transmit the light corresponding to the displayed image. The reflective grating is used to confine the light corresponding to the displayed image to the dielectric layer for transmission.

[0101] Step 002: Set up the display device.

[0102] Specifically, the display device is used to provide a display image. During assembly, the display device is fixed to the frame or temple of the glasses, and the light-emitting surface of the display device faces the coupling grating of the transmission component, so that the light emitted by the display device can be coupled into the dielectric layer through the coupling grating.

[0103] This application also provides a method for fabricating a transmission component, which is used to fabricate a transmission component in a wearable device. The fabrication method includes:

[0104] Step 01: Set the medium layer.

[0105] Specifically, a dielectric layer is fabricated using optical waveguides made of materials such as glass or resin, which are capable of propagating light. This dielectric layer is used to transmit the light corresponding to the displayed image.

[0106] Step 02: Set a reflective grating on the outside of the dielectric layer.

[0107] A reflective grating is used to confine the light corresponding to the displayed image to its transmission within the dielectric layer. To achieve the reflection and transmission of light within the dielectric layer, reflective gratings are fabricated on opposite sides of the dielectric layer to control the direction of light propagation. Specifically, a first reflective grating is provided on a first side of the dielectric layer; a second reflective grating is provided on a second side of the dielectric layer. The first and second sides are opposite sides of the dielectric layer, and the first and second reflective gratings are used to transmit the light corresponding to the displayed image.

[0108] Step 03: Fabricate the insertion grating and the extraction grating on the dielectric layer;

[0109] Specifically, the coupling grating is used to couple the light corresponding to the display image into the medium layer; the coupling grating is used to couple the light corresponding to the display image out of the medium layer; the light corresponding to the display image is coupled out of the medium layer and passes through the lens to enter the human eye.

[0110] The reflective grating can be a surface relief grating or a volume holographic grating. The input and output gratings can also be surface relief gratings or volume holographic gratings. Preferably, the reflective grating and the input and output gratings are of the same type; for example, if the reflective grating is a surface relief grating, then the input and output gratings are also surface relief gratings. Therefore, during fabrication, the reflective grating and the input and output gratings can be integrally fabricated on the dielectric layer. If the reflective grating and the input and output gratings are deposited on the dielectric layer in a single step, the fabrication process is simplified and the yield is improved. For example, the input and output gratings are located on the same side of the dielectric layer as the first reflective grating, and are integrally formed on the dielectric layer with the first reflective grating; or, the input and output gratings are located on the same side of the dielectric layer as the second reflective grating, and are integrally formed on the dielectric layer with the second reflective grating. This simplifies the fabrication process of the transmission component.

[0111] This application also provides an image display method applied to a wearable device. The wearable device includes a lens, a display device, and a transmission component. A groove is provided within the lens; the transmission component is inserted into the groove and fixedly connected to the lens. The method includes: transmitting light corresponding to a display image provided by the display device to the lens via the transmission component; wherein the transmission component includes a dielectric layer and a reflective grating. The reflective grating is disposed outside the dielectric layer, and the dielectric layer is used to transmit light corresponding to the display image. The reflective grating is used to confine the light corresponding to the display image within the dielectric layer. For example, the reflective grating includes a first reflective grating and a second reflective grating; wherein the first reflective grating and the second reflective grating are located on opposite sides of the dielectric layer. The area of ​​the first reflective grating is smaller than the area of ​​the second reflective grating, and the first reflective grating, the coupling-in grating, and the coupling-out grating are integrally fabricated on the same side of the dielectric layer. Specifically, refer to... Figure 3 and Figure 4 Instructions for use of display devices, transmission components, and lenses in wearable devices.

[0112] The method further includes: coupling light corresponding to the displayed image into the dielectric layer via a coupling grating; and coupling light corresponding to the displayed image out of the dielectric layer via a coupling grating; wherein the light corresponding to the displayed image, after being coupled out of the dielectric layer, passes through the lens and enters the human eye. For details, please refer to... Figure 4 The instructions regarding the use of the transmission components.

[0113] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A wearable device, characterized in that, include: The system includes a lens, a display device, and a transmission component. The lens has a groove, and the transmission component is inserted into the groove and fixedly connected to the lens. The display device is used to provide a displayed image; The transmission component is used to transmit the light corresponding to the displayed image to the lens; The transmission component includes a dielectric layer and a reflective grating. The reflective grating is disposed outside the dielectric layer, and the dielectric layer is used to transmit light corresponding to the display image. The reflective grating is used to confine the light corresponding to the display image to the dielectric layer for transmission. The reflective grating includes a first reflective grating and a second reflective grating; wherein... The first reflective grating and the second reflective grating are located on opposite sides of the dielectric layer.

2. The wearable device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lens is detachably and fixedly connected to the transmission component.

3. The wearable device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission component is bonded to the lens with organic adhesive.

4. The wearable device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The reflective grating is a surface relief grating or a volume holographic grating.

5. The wearable device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The transmission component further includes an input grating and an output grating; The coupling grating is used to couple the light corresponding to the displayed image into the medium layer; The coupling grating is used to couple the light corresponding to the displayed image out of the dielectric layer; The light corresponding to the displayed image is coupled out from the medium layer and passes through the lens to enter the human eye.

6. The wearable device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the reflective grating includes a first reflective grating and a second reflective grating, the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are located on the same side of the dielectric layer as the first reflective grating, and the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are integrally formed with the first reflective grating; or, The coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are located on the same side of the dielectric layer as the second reflective grating, and the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are integrally formed with the second reflective grating.

7. The wearable device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The coupled grating is a reflective grating or a transmissive grating; The coupled grating is a reflective grating or a transmissive grating.

8. The wearable device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Both the input grating and the output grating are transmission gratings; The coupling grating and the coupling out grating are located on the side of the dielectric layer facing the display device.

9. The wearable device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Both the input grating and the output grating are reflective gratings; The coupling grating and the coupling out grating are located on the side of the dielectric layer opposite to the display device.

10. The wearable device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes a collimating lens group; the collimating lens group is disposed on the light-emitting surface of the display device, and the collimating lens is used to collimate the light corresponding to the displayed image to the transmission component.

11. A method for manufacturing a wearable device, characterized in that, The wearable device includes a lens, a transmission component, and a display device, and the method includes the following steps: The lens and the transmission component are fixedly connected; The display device is configured to provide a display image, wherein... The transmission component includes a dielectric layer and a reflective grating; the reflective grating is disposed outside the dielectric layer, and the dielectric layer is used to transmit light corresponding to the displayed image, and the reflective grating is used to confine the light corresponding to the displayed image to the dielectric layer for transmission. The reflective grating includes a first reflective grating and a second reflective grating; wherein... The first reflective grating and the second reflective grating are located on opposite sides of the dielectric layer.

12. The method for manufacturing a wearable device as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The lens has a groove, and the process of fixing the lens and the transmission component together includes: The transmission component is inserted into the groove and bonded together with organic adhesive.

13. A method for preparing a transmission component, characterized in that, include: A medium layer is provided, wherein the medium layer is used to transmit light corresponding to the displayed image; A reflective grating is provided on the outside of the dielectric layer, and the reflective grating is used to confine the light corresponding to the displayed image to the transmission within the dielectric layer; The provision of a reflective grating on the outer side of the dielectric layer specifically includes: A first reflective grating is disposed on the first side of the dielectric layer; A second reflective grating is provided on the second side of the dielectric layer; The first side and the second side are opposite sides of the dielectric layer, and the first reflective grating and the second reflective grating are used to confine the light corresponding to the displayed image to be transmitted within the dielectric layer.

14. The method for preparing the transmission component as described in claim 13, characterized in that, Also includes: A coupling-in grating and a coupling-out grating are fabricated on the dielectric layer; The coupling grating is used to couple the light corresponding to the displayed image into the medium layer; The coupling grating is used to couple the light corresponding to the displayed image out of the medium layer; the light corresponding to the displayed image is coupled out of the medium layer and passes through the lens to enter the human eye.

15. The method for preparing the transmission component as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are integrally formed with the first reflection grating on the first side of the dielectric layer; or... The coupling grating and the coupling out grating are integrally formed with the second reflection grating on the second side of the dielectric layer.

16. A method for displaying an image, characterized in that, The method is applied to a wearable device, the wearable device including a lens, a display device, and a transmission component, wherein a groove is provided in the lens; the transmission component is inserted into the groove, and the transmission component is fixedly connected to the lens; the method includes: The light corresponding to the display image provided by the display device is transmitted to the lens through the transmission component; The transmission component includes a dielectric layer and a reflective grating. The reflective grating is disposed outside the dielectric layer, and the dielectric layer is used to transmit light corresponding to the display image. The reflective grating is used to confine the light corresponding to the display image to the dielectric layer for transmission. The reflective grating includes a first reflective grating and a second reflective grating; wherein... The first reflective grating and the second reflective grating are located on opposite sides of the dielectric layer.

17. The image display method as described in claim 16, characterized in that, The method further includes: The light rays corresponding to the displayed image are coupled into the medium layer by a coupling grating; The light corresponding to the displayed image is coupled out of the medium layer by a coupling grating; The light corresponding to the displayed image is coupled out from the medium layer and passes through the lens to enter the human eye.

18. The image display method as described in claim 17, characterized in that, The area of ​​the first reflective grating is smaller than that of the second reflective grating, and the first reflective grating, the coupling grating, and the coupling out grating are integrally formed on the same side of the dielectric layer.

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