A grain falling collision device and a collision simulation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a grain falling collision device and a collision simulation method, which relate to the technical field of agricultural equipment, solve the problem of large errors in existing grain collision simulation devices, improve the accuracy of simulation data, and reduce the loss of grain quality. The specific scheme is as follows: It includes a fan fixedly arranged at the top of a bracket. The air outlet of the fan is connected to an acceleration pipe and a falling pipe in sequence downward. A collision platform for grain collision is arranged directly below the falling pipe. A feeding mechanism for feeding and enabling grains to enter the falling pipe with an initial velocity of zero is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the falling pipe. A scale is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the lower end of the falling pipe. A camera mechanism is arranged on one side of the lower end of the falling pipe. The camera mechanism is arranged opposite to the scale, and the camera mechanism is connected to a total control platform for calculating the falling velocity of grains.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and particularly to a grain falling collision device and a collision simulation method. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of the mechanization rate of grain harvesting, the harvest is becoming increasingly concentrated, and the storage and drying of grain are developing towards large-scale. The breakage rate and crack rate are the key indicators for evaluating grain quality. The process of grain entering a large granary after drying is an important link where the breakage rate and crack rate increase. Among them, grain temperature, falling height, and collision contact materials are important influencing factors. After grain drying, due to low moisture content and changed mechanical properties, it is easy to cause damage during the process of falling from a height and colliding, seriously affecting grain quality.

[0003] The inventor found that existing devices for simulating grain entering the granary mostly rely on mechanical impact to increase the entry speed of grains, so that the accelerated grains collide with the granary, and the parameters of grain entering the granary are optimized according to the speed corresponding to the cracked grains. However, because the mechanical impact method itself causes damage to the grains, the greater the speed, the greater the damage, and there is a large error in the speed value corresponding to the split grains after collision. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a grain falling collision device and a collision simulation method, which use air flow and the self-gravity of grains to continuously and rapidly accelerate the grains. Compared with instantaneously accelerating the grains by impact, it reduces the damage to the grains during the acceleration stage, and the final speed of the grains is easy to adjust, and it can simulate the impact situation of grains at different falling heights, solving the problem of large errors in existing grain collision simulation devices.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a grain falling collision device, which includes a fan fixedly arranged at the top of a bracket. The air outlet of the fan is connected to a speed increasing pipe and a falling pipe in sequence downward. A collision platform for grain collision is arranged directly below the falling pipe. A feeding mechanism for feeding and enabling grains to enter the falling pipe with an initial speed of zero is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the falling pipe. A scale is fixedly arranged on the side wall at the lower end of the falling pipe. A camera mechanism is arranged on one side at the lower end of the falling pipe. The camera mechanism is arranged opposite to the scale, and the camera mechanism is connected to a total control platform for calculating the falling speed of grains.

[0007] As a further implementation method, the speed increasing pipe is a variable cross-section tubular structure, and the diameter of the upper end of the speed increasing pipe is larger than that of the lower end.

[0008] As a further implementation manner, the downcomer is a straight pipe structure arranged vertically and is made of a transparent material.

[0009] As a further implementation manner, the collision platform is arranged inside the downcomer, and a plurality of ventilation openings for discharging high-speed air flow are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the lower side wall of the downcomer.

[0010] As a further implementation manner, the feeding mechanism is composed of a feeding pipe and a runner. The feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the downcomer. The runner is rotatably arranged inside the downcomer. The runner is connected to one end of the feeding pipe extending into the downcomer, and the runner is an external grooved wheel structure.

[0011] As a further implementation manner, the runner is located on one side of the central axis of the downcomer close to the feeding pipe. The runner is connected to the side wall of the downcomer through a rotating shaft, and the included angle of the runner groove of the runner is greater than the maximum static friction angle of the tested grains.

[0012] As a further implementation manner, the feeding pipe is composed of a vertical section and an inclined section. The vertical section is arranged vertically for putting in grains. The included angle between the inclined section and the horizontal line is greater than the maximum static friction angle of the tested grains, and the range is greater than 0° - 20°.

[0013] As a further implementation manner, the upper surface of the collision platform is any one of food grains, steel plates, and plastic plates.

[0014] As a further implementation manner, the camera mechanism is a high-speed camera. A light supplementing mechanism for light supplementing is arranged on one side of the camera mechanism far from the downcomer. The light supplementing mechanism is connected to the total control platform, and the total control platform is also connected to the fan.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a collision simulation method, which is specifically as follows:

[0016] Replace the material of the surface of the collision platform according to the requirements of the grain collision test;

[0017] Turn on the fan and set the wind speed. After the fan operates normally, put the grains into the feeding pipe;

[0018] Control the runner to rotate slowly. At the same time, turn on the camera mechanism and the light supplementing mechanism. The grains enter the downcomer in a state with an initial velocity of zero under the drive of the runner;

[0019] When the grains are separated from the runner, they are quickly accelerated under the action of high-speed air flow and gravity and impact on the collision platform. At the same time, the camera mechanism records the falling process of the grains, and the total control platform calculates the falling speed of the grains;

[0020] Stop the operation of the camera mechanism, the feeding mechanism, the fan, and the light supplementing mechanism. Take out the grains on the collision platform and observe.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) A blower is provided at the top of the downcomer of the present invention, and a feeding mechanism is provided on the side wall of the downcomer. The feeding mechanism enables the grains to enter the downcomer with an initial velocity of zero, and uses the airflow and its own gravity to continuously and rapidly accelerate the grain kernels. Compared with instantaneously accelerating the kernels by impact, the damage to the kernels during the acceleration stage is reduced, and the final velocity of the kernels is easily adjustable. The impact conditions of the kernels at different falling heights can be simulated, improving the accuracy of the test data.

[0023] (2) The speed increasing tube of the present invention is a variable cross-section tubular structure, which can increase the wind speed entering the downcomer. The setting of the speed increasing tube reduces the power of the blower, eliminating the need to select a blower with too high power, not only saving the use cost but also reducing the space occupied by the blower.

[0024] (3) The runner of the present invention is located inside the downcomer and on one side of the central axis of the downcomer close to the feeding tube, which can receive the kernels and enable the kernels to enter the downcomer with an initial velocity of zero, avoiding the collision between the kernels and the side wall of the downcomer when the kernels leave the runner groove of the runner.

[0025] (4) The included angle between the inclined section of the feeding tube of the present invention and the horizontal line is greater than the maximum static friction angle of the tested kernels, and the included angle of the runner groove of the runner is greater than the maximum static friction angle of the tested kernels. Under the combined action of the feeding tube and the runner, the kernels can enter the downcomer with an initial velocity of zero, making it more convenient to control the falling speed of the kernels and greatly improving the accuracy of the kernel collision simulation test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a grain falling and colliding device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding mechanism according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: The distances or sizes between each part are exaggerated for showing the positions of each part, and the schematic diagram is only for illustrative purposes;

[0030] Among them, 1, blower; 2, speed increasing tube; 3, downcomer; 4, high-speed camera; 5, fill light; 6, collision platform; 7, scale; 8, feeding mechanism; 81, feeding tube; 82, runner; 821, runner groove; 9, total control platform; 10, bracket. Detailed implementation mode

[0031] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and aims to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0032] As introduced in the background art, after the grain is dried, due to its low moisture content and changed mechanical properties, it is prone to breakage during the process of falling from a height and colliding, seriously affecting the grain quality. There is an urgent need to design a device for colliding with falling grains, which can simulate the process of rapid falling and colliding of grains, optimize various parameters for grain storage in the warehouse, and reduce the loss of grain quality. To solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a device for colliding with falling grains and a method for simulating collisions.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] In a typical implementation mode of the present invention, as Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, a device for colliding with falling grains is proposed, including a fan 1, a speed-increasing pipe 2, a falling pipe 3, a camera mechanism, a supplementary lighting mechanism, a collision platform 6, a feeding mechanism 8, a total control platform 9, and a bracket 10.

[0035] Among them, the fan 1 is fixedly arranged at the top of the bracket 10. The fan 1 is a high-pressure fan. The air outlet of the fan 1 is arranged downward and is successively connected to the speed-increasing pipe 2 and the falling pipe 3 downward. The air outlet of the fan 1 is coaxially arranged with the speed-increasing pipe 2 and the falling pipe 3, and the falling speed of the grains can be increased by using wind force and gravity.

[0036] The speed-increasing pipe 2 is a variable cross-section tubular structure. The diameter of the end (upper end) of the speed-increasing pipe 2 connected to the air outlet of the fan 1 is larger than the diameter of the end (lower end) of the speed-increasing pipe 2 connected to the falling pipe 3, so as to increase the wind speed entering the falling pipe 3. The setting of the speed-increasing pipe reduces the power of the fan 1, and there is no need to select a fan 1 with too large power, which not only saves the use cost but also reduces the space occupied by the fan 1.

[0037] It should be noted that the connection positions of the speed-increasing pipe 2 with the fan 1 and the falling pipe 3 should all be sealed to prevent gas leakage and avoid affecting the grain speed-increasing effect.

[0038] The falling pipe 3 is a straight pipe structure. The falling pipe 3 is arranged vertically. The falling pipe 3 is made of a transparent material with a smooth inner wall. The pipe diameter is ≥100 mm. A scale 7 is fixedly arranged on the lower end wall of the falling pipe 3, and the bottom of the scale 7 is flush with the lower end of the falling pipe 3.

[0039] The collision platform 6 is located directly below the drop tube 3 and inside the drop tube 3. The collision platform 6 is a circular platform structure. The diameter of the collision platform 6 is the same as the inner diameter of the drop tube 3. It is mainly used to receive the grains discharged from the drop tube 3 and collide with the grains to simulate the grain collision process.

[0040] Among them, the upper surface of the collision platform 6 can be replaced between different materials such as grains, steel plates, plastic plates, etc. according to actual needs, and a number of ventilation holes for high-speed airflow discharge are provided on the lower end side wall of the drop pipe 3 along its circumferential intervals.

[0041] It is understandable that in other embodiments, the collision platform 6 may not be set in the drop tube 3. In this case, the collision platform 6 is located directly below the drop tube 3, and the top of the collision platform 6 has a set distance from the lower end of the drop tube 3 to allow high-speed airflow to flow out. The specific selection can be made according to actual needs.

[0042] The feeding mechanism 8 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the drop tube 3 and is connected to the interior of the drop tube 3. The feeding mechanism 8 is fixedly connected to the bracket 10 to achieve position fixation. The feeding mechanism 8 is on the same side as the scale 7 and is adjacent to the fan 1. It is mainly used for feeding so that the grains enter the drop tube 3 with an initial velocity of zero.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, the feeding mechanism 8 consists of a feeding tube 81 and a rotating wheel 82, wherein the feeding tube 81 is connected to the drop tube 3, and the rotating wheel 82 is connected to the end of the feeding tube 81 (i.e., the end of the feeding tube 81 extending into the drop tube 3).

[0044] The runner 82 is an outer groove wheel structure. The runner 82 is located inside the drop tube 3 and on the side of the central axis of the drop tube 3 close to the feeding tube 81. It is mainly used to receive the grains and allow the grains to enter the drop tube 3 with an initial velocity of zero, so as to avoid the grains colliding with the side wall of the drop tube 3 when leaving the runner groove of the runner 82.

[0045] In this embodiment, the feeding tube 81 is fixedly arranged on the left side of the drop tube 3, and the rotating wheel 82 is located on the left side of the central axis of the drop tube 3. In other embodiments, the feeding tube 81 can also be arranged on the right side of the drop tube 3. In this case, the scale 7 is also located on the right side of the drop tube 3, and the rotating wheel 82 is located on the right side of the central axis of the drop tube 3. The specific position can be determined according to actual design requirements.

[0046] The rotating wheel 82 is connected to the side wall of the drop tube 3 through a rotating shaft. The rotating wheel 82 can be rotated by hand or driven by a stepper motor. The specific setting can be made according to actual needs and no excessive restrictions are made here.

[0047] The feeding tube 81 consists of a vertical section and an inclined section. The vertical section is used to put the grains into the feeding tube 81, and the inclined section is used to let the grains slowly slide into the runner groove 821 of the runner 82.

[0048] Among them, the angle α between the inclined section of the feeding tube 81 and the horizontal line is greater than the maximum static friction angle of the tested grains, and the range of the greater is within 0° - 20°. For example, when the maximum static friction angle of the tested grains is 10°, the angle α between the inclined section of the feeding tube 81 and the horizontal line should be selected within the range of 10° - 30°, so that the grains slowly slide into the runner groove 821 of the runner 82 and the speed drops to zero, and the grains will not be damaged due to collision after falling into the runner groove 821.

[0049] The angle β of the runner groove 821 of the runner 82 is greater than the maximum static friction angle of the tested grains, so that when the midline of the runner groove 821 is horizontal or upward, the grains can slide smoothly. Especially when the midline of the runner groove 821 is horizontal, the grains in the runner groove 821 can slowly slide outwards.

[0050] It should be noted that the specific value of the angle β of the runner groove 821 of the runner 82 can be determined according to the maximum static friction angle of the actual tested grains, and the depth of the runner groove 821 should be determined according to the size of the tested grains to reduce the sliding distance of the grains. At the same time, the rotation speed of the runner 82 should not be too fast to ensure that the grains are in contact with the high-speed air flow at the initial stage of sliding, so that the initial speed of the grains is zero.

[0051] Under the combined action of the feeding tube 81 and the runner 82, the grains can enter the falling tube 3 with an initial speed of zero. The fan 1 is located above the runner 82, and the air flow and the self-gravity of the grains are used to continuously accelerate the grains rapidly. Compared with accelerating the grains instantaneously by impact, the damage to the grains in the acceleration stage is reduced, and the final speed of the grains is easy to adjust, and the impact situation of the grains at different falling heights can be simulated.

[0052] Since the initial speed of the grains is zero when they contact the high-speed air flow in the falling tube 3, it is more convenient to control the falling speed of the grains, and the accuracy of the grain collision simulation test is greatly improved.

[0053] It can be understood that in order to avoid damage to the grains by the runner 82, the runner 82 can be made of a flexible material such as plastic.

[0054] The imaging mechanism is a high-speed camera 4. The high-speed camera 4 is fixedly arranged on one side of the falling tube 3 and close to the lower end of the falling tube 3, and is used to monitor the falling and collision process of the grains in the falling tube 3. The high-speed camera 4 is arranged opposite to the scale 7. The supplementary light mechanism is fixedly arranged on the side of the high-speed camera 4 away from the falling tube 3 and is used to supplement light to the falling tube 3 to ensure the shooting clarity of the high-speed camera 4. The supplementary light mechanism is an existing supplementary light lamp 5.

[0055] The master control platform 9 is a remote control terminal, which is respectively connected to the fan 1, the high-speed camera 4 and the fill light 5, and can control the start and stop of the fan 1, the high-speed camera 4 and the fill light 5. The master control platform 9 is built-in with a processing system, which can process the captured images and calculate the falling speed of the grains before collision.

[0056] It can be understood that in other embodiments, an existing speedometer can also be provided on one side of the lower end of the downcomer 3 to directly measure the falling speed of the grains, and specific selection can be made according to actual needs.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, a collision simulation method is proposed, which uses the grain falling and colliding device described in Embodiment 1, specifically as follows:

[0059] First, replace the material on the surface of the collision platform 6 according to the requirements of the grain collision test; then turn on the fan 1 and set the wind speed. After the fan 1 runs normally, put the grain at the entrance of the vertical section of the feeding pipe 81; control the runner 82 to rotate slowly, and at the same time turn on the high-speed camera 4 and the fill light 5. The grain is brought into the downcomer 3 by the runner 82, and the grain slides in the runner groove 821, and at this time the speed of the grain is zero;

[0060] When the grain detaches from the runner groove 821, it accelerates rapidly under the action of high-speed air flow and gravity and impacts on the collision platform 6; at the same time, the high-speed camera 4 records the falling process of the grain, and the master control platform 9 calculates the falling speed of the grain;

[0061] The high-speed air flow is discharged through the ventilation opening at the lower end of the downcomer 3, stop the operation of the high-speed camera 4, the runner 82, the fan 1 and the fill light 5, take out the grain on the collision platform 6, and observe the breakage, surface cracks, etc.

[0062] It can be understood that each time the grain entering through the feeding pipe 81 can be single grain or multiple grains, and specific selection can be made according to actual needs, and no excessive restrictions are made here.

[0063] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grain falling and colliding device, characterized in that, It includes a fan fixedly arranged at the top of the bracket. The air outlet of the fan is successively connected to an acceleration pipe and a falling pipe downward. A collision platform for grain collision is arranged directly below the falling pipe. A feeding mechanism for feeding and enabling the grains to enter the falling pipe with an initial velocity of zero is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the falling pipe. A scale is fixedly arranged on the side wall at the lower end of the falling pipe. A camera mechanism is arranged on one side at the lower end of the falling pipe. The camera mechanism is arranged opposite to the scale. The camera mechanism is connected to a total control platform for calculating the falling velocity of the grains; The feeding mechanism is composed of a feeding pipe and a runner. The feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the falling pipe. The runner is rotatably arranged in the falling pipe. The runner is connected to one end of the feeding pipe extending into the falling pipe. The runner is of an external grooved wheel structure; The runner is located on one side of the central axis of the falling pipe close to the feeding pipe. The runner is connected to the side wall of the falling pipe through a rotating shaft. The included angle of the runner groove of the runner is greater than the maximum static friction angle of the tested grains; The feeding pipe is composed of a vertical section and an inclined section. The vertical section is arranged vertically for putting in the grains. The included angle between the inclined section and the horizontal line is greater than the maximum static friction angle of the tested grains, and the greater range is within 0° - 20°; 2. The grain falling and colliding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acceleration pipe is of a variable cross-section tubular structure. The diameter of the upper end of the acceleration pipe is greater than that of the lower end; 3. A seed dropping and colliding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The falling pipe is of a straight pipe structure arranged vertically and is made of a transparent material; 4. A grain falling and colliding device according to claim 1, characterized in that The collision platform is arranged inside the falling pipe. A plurality of ventilation openings for discharging high-speed air are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the side wall at the lower end of the falling pipe; 5. The grain dropping and colliding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the collision platform is any one of grain seeds, steel plates, and plastic plates; 6. A grain falling and colliding device according to claim 1, wherein The camera mechanism is a high-speed camera. A supplementary lighting mechanism for supplementary lighting is arranged on one side of the camera mechanism away from the falling pipe. The supplementary lighting mechanism is connected to the total control platform. The total control platform is also connected to the fan; 7. A collision simulation method, which utilizes a grain falling and colliding device as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Specifically as follows: Replace the material of the surface of the collision platform according to the requirements of the grain collision test; Turn on the fan and set the wind speed. After the fan operates normally, put the grains into the feeding pipe; Control the runner to rotate slowly. At the same time, turn on the camera mechanism and the supplementary lighting mechanism. The grains enter the falling pipe with an initial velocity of zero under the drive of the runner; When the grains leave the runner, they are quickly accelerated under the action of high-speed air flow and gravity and hit the collision platform. At the same time, the camera mechanism records the falling process of the grains, and the total control platform calculates the falling velocity of the grains; Stop the operation of the camera mechanism, the feeding mechanism, the fan, and the supplementary lighting mechanism. Take out the grains on the collision platform and observe.

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