OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter and system

Abstract

The present invention is applicable to the field of imaging technology and provides an OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter and system. The OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter includes a first optical fiber bundle, which includes a first multimode optical fiber and a first single-mode optical fiber. The light-emitting ends of the first multimode optical fiber and the first single-mode optical fiber are both provided with inclined reflective surfaces; the first multimode optical fiber is used to receive, transmit and output a fluorescence excitation light beam, and is also used to receive, transmit and output a fluorescence detection signal formed after the fluorescence excitation light beam excites the tissue; the first single-mode optical fiber is used to receive, transmit and output an OCT excitation light beam, and is also used to receive, transmit and output an OCT detection signal formed after the OCT excitation light beam is reflected by the tissue. The OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter and system provided by the present invention can realize simultaneous detection of an OCT imaging system and a fluorescence imaging system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of imaging technology, and in particular relates to an OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter and system. Background Art

[0002] Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a biomedical optical imaging technique with extremely high resolution, reaching approximately 10 μm in axial resolution. It also possesses tissue discrimination capabilities, meaning that OCT images can provide a basic understanding of the primary components and histological features of plaques. Different plaque compositions, for example, are commonly found in coronary arteries. Fibrous, lipid, and calcified plaques exhibit distinct signal characteristics under OCT images. Clinicians with extensive image interpretation experience can identify plaque types based on these distinct signal characteristics, which is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease. However, OCT still has limitations. It cannot identify intravascular hemorrhages (IPHs), a hallmark of high-risk atherosclerotic plaques and a key component in the treatment of atherosclerotic disease. Existing studies have shown that tissue near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) can detect IPHs. However, intravascular fluorescence often lacks depth information and cannot distinguish and localize lipids, one of the most critical features of plaques. Therefore, the combination of OCT system and fluorescence system can complement each other and achieve better detection effect.

[0003] In the process of realizing the present invention, the inventors discovered that when the OCT system and the fluorescence system are combined, in order to ensure that a complete lumen signal is obtained and the obtained lumen image is more accurate, the OCT excitation beam and the fluorescence excitation beam need to be transmitted to the intravascular tissue at the same time. However, the current OCT system and the fluorescence system each use independent catheters, which need to be inserted into the human body twice when detecting tissue, making it impossible to obtain OCT signals and fluorescence detection signals at the same time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter and system, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art that OCT signals and fluorescence detection signals cannot be obtained simultaneously.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: in a first aspect, an OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter is provided, comprising a first optical fiber bundle, the first optical fiber bundle comprising a first multimode optical fiber and a first single-mode optical fiber, the light-emitting ends of the first multimode optical fiber and the first single-mode optical fiber both being provided with an inclined reflective surface;

[0006] The first multimode optical fiber is used to receive, transmit and output a fluorescence excitation light beam, and is also used to receive, transmit and output a fluorescence detection signal generated after the fluorescence excitation light beam excites the tissue;

[0007] The first single-mode optical fiber is used to receive, transmit and output an OCT excitation light beam, and is also used to receive, transmit and output an OCT detection signal formed after the OCT excitation light beam is reflected by tissue.

[0008] In one embodiment, one of the first multimode optical fiber and one of the first single-mode optical fiber are provided, and the light emitting directions of the two are arranged at an angle.

[0009] In one embodiment, a plurality of first multimode optical fibers are provided and arranged around the first single-mode optical fiber, the length of the first single-mode optical fiber is greater than the length of the first multimode optical fiber, and the first single-mode optical fiber is capable of rotating relative to the first multimode optical fiber;

[0010] Alternatively, the first single-mode optical fiber is provided in plurality and arranged around the first multi-mode optical fiber, the length of the first multi-mode optical fiber is greater than that of the first single-mode optical fiber, and the first multi-mode optical fiber can rotate relative to the first single-mode optical fiber.

[0011] In one embodiment, when the first multimode optical fibers are located at the periphery, the inclination angles of the reflection surfaces of the first multimode optical fibers are the same;

[0012] When the first single-mode optical fibers are located at the periphery, the inclination angles of the reflection surfaces of the first single-mode optical fibers are the same.

[0013] In one embodiment, the end faces of the light-emitting ends of the first single-mode optical fiber and the first multi-mode optical fiber are both beveled;

[0014] The OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter also includes an opaque heat shrinkable part, which is located in the extension direction of the first optical fiber bundle and connected to the light-emitting end of the first optical fiber bundle. The shape of one side of the heat shrinkable part used for connection with the first optical fiber bundle is adapted to the end face shape of the light-emitting end of the first optical fiber bundle, and the two are fitted together to form a combined surface, which is the reflecting surface.

[0015] In a second aspect, an OCT-based fluorescence imaging system is provided, comprising a fluorescence imaging system and an OCT imaging system;

[0016] The fluorescence imaging system includes a fluorescence imaging light source, an optical fiber assembly, a photodetector, and a control display device arranged in sequence along a first path;

[0017] The OCT imaging system includes a detection branch and a detection branch, wherein the detection branch includes a coherence tomography light source, a first coupler, a first circulator, and the optical fiber assembly arranged in sequence along a second path, and the detection branch includes the optical fiber assembly, the first circulator, the second coupler, a photoelectric converter, and the control and display device arranged in sequence along a third path, and further includes a second circulator and a reflector arranged in sequence along a fourth path, wherein a light inlet of the second circulator is in communication with one of the light outlets of the first coupler via an optical path, and a light outlet of the second circulator is in communication with one of the light inlet of the second coupler via an optical path;

[0018] The optical fiber assembly includes a second optical fiber bundle and the first optical fiber bundle provided by the above embodiments. The second optical fiber bundle includes a second multimode optical fiber and a second single-mode optical fiber. The second multimode optical fiber is connected to the first multimode optical fiber through an optical path, and the second single-mode optical fiber is connected to the first single-mode optical fiber through an optical path.

[0019] In one embodiment, a plurality of the second multimode optical fiber and the second single-mode optical fiber are provided and are arranged around the other optical fiber.

[0020] In one embodiment, a plurality of second single-mode optical fibers are provided, and the detection branch further includes a beam splitter located between the first circulator and the optical fiber assembly, the beam splitter being configured to split the OCT excitation beam transmitted by the first circulator into a plurality of first sub-beams the same number as the second single-mode optical fibers, and to transmit the plurality of first sub-beams one-to-one into the corresponding first single-mode optical fibers, and further configured to combine the plurality of OCT detection signals transmitted through the plurality of first single-mode optical fibers into one signal and transmit it to the first circulator;

[0021] Alternatively, there are multiple second multimode optical fibers, and the fluorescence imaging system further includes a beam splitter located between the fluorescence imaging light source and the optical fiber assembly, wherein the beam splitter is used to split the fluorescence excitation beam into a plurality of second sub-beams that are the same in number as the second multimode optical fibers, and transmit the plurality of second sub-beams one-to-one to the corresponding first multimode optical fibers.

[0022] In one embodiment, the second optical fiber bundle further includes a reinforcement optical fiber. When the second multimode optical fiber is located at the periphery, the reinforcement optical fiber is a multimode optical fiber with a diameter smaller than that of the second multimode optical fiber, and is located in the recessed area formed by two adjacent second multimode optical fibers. When the second single-mode optical fiber is located at the periphery, the reinforcement optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber with a diameter smaller than that of the second single-mode optical fiber, and is located in the recessed area formed by two adjacent second single-mode optical fibers.

[0023] In one embodiment, the detection branch also includes a light intensity detector, which is respectively connected to the second coupler and the photoelectric converter through an optical path, and is also electrically connected to the control display device. The control display device is used to receive the light intensity signal output by the light intensity detector and enhance the OCT detection signal whose light intensity signal is lower than a preset light intensity.

[0024] The technical effect of the first aspect of the present invention relative to the prior art is: the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a first fiber optic bundle, the first fiber optic bundle includes a first multimode fiber and a first single-mode fiber, wherein the first multimode fiber is used to receive, transmit and output a fluorescence excitation beam, and is also used to receive, transmit and output a fluorescence detection signal formed after the fluorescence excitation beam excites the tissue; the first single-mode fiber is used to receive, transmit and output an OCT excitation beam, and is also used to receive, transmit and output an OCT detection signal formed after the OCT excitation beam is reflected by the tissue, that is, two different types of optical fibers are used to transmit two OCT excitation beams. With the help of the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter provided by the embodiment of the present invention, simultaneous detection of the OCT imaging system and the fluorescence imaging system can be achieved, so that the OCT excitation beam and the fluorescence excitation beam can be transmitted to the inner wall of the tissue at the same time, and the signal in the tissue can be obtained at the same time, and the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter is rotated to ensure that the complete lumen segment information is obtained, the accuracy of the detection results is guaranteed, and the optical signal transmission efficiency is high.

[0025] It can be understood that the beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant description of the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first optical fiber bundle used in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first optical fiber bundle used in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 41 is a schematic diagram of the outline structure of an OCT-based fluorescence imaging system provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the optical path of the first circulator;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary drive device used in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second optical fiber bundle used in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second optical fiber bundle used in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the outline structure of an OCT-based fluorescence imaging system provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the frame structure of an OCT-based fluorescence imaging system provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Description of reference numerals:

[0038] 100. OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter; 110. First fiber bundle; 111. First multimode optical fiber; 112. First single-mode optical fiber; 113. Reflective surface; 120. First housing; 121. Connecting portion; 122. Probe portion; 130. Heat shrinkable element; 200. Fluorescence imaging system; 210. Fluorescence imaging light source; 220. Photodetector; 300. OCT imaging system; 310. Coherence tomography imaging light source; 320. First coupler; 330 , first circulator; 340, second coupler; 350, photoelectric converter; 360, second circulator; 370, reflector; 380, beam splitter; 390, light intensity detector; 400, control display device; 500, optical fiber assembly; 510, second optical fiber bundle; 511, second multimode optical fiber; 512, second single-mode optical fiber; 513, reinforcement optical fiber; 600, rotation drive device; 610, motor; 620, first channel; 630, second channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0041] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0043] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, an OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter is provided. The catheter is suitable for use in an OCT-based fluorescence imaging system formed by combining an OCT imaging system with a fluorescence imaging system. The catheter can be used for intraoperative and postoperative cardiovascular examinations, as well as for examinations of other tissues such as the nasal cavity and pharynx. The OCT-based fluorescence imaging system includes an OCT imaging system and a fluorescence imaging system. The OCT imaging system includes a coherent tomography imaging light source that can provide an OCT excitation beam to the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter. The fluorescence imaging system includes a fluorescence imaging light source that can provide a fluorescence excitation beam to the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 includes a first fiber bundle 110, which includes a first multimode fiber 111 and a first single-mode fiber 112. The light-emitting ends of the first multimode fiber 111 and the first single-mode fiber 112 are both provided with an inclined reflective surface 113. It should be noted that since the tissue to be detected is generally a tubular structure, and the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 is a long strip structure, after insertion into the tissue cavity, if information about the inner wall of the tissue cavity is to be obtained, light must be emitted from one side of the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 so that the light emitted from the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 can illuminate the inner wall of the tissue cavity. Therefore, the reflective surface 113 must be inclined, but the inclination angle can be set according to detection needs, and the inclination angle of the reflective surface 113 of each optical fiber can be the same or different.

[0046] The first multimode optical fiber 111 is used to receive, transmit and output a fluorescence excitation light beam, and is also used to receive, transmit and output a fluorescence detection signal generated after the fluorescence excitation light beam excites the tissue.

[0047] The first single-mode optical fiber 112 is used to receive, transmit and output the OCT excitation beam, and is also used to receive, transmit and output the OCT detection signal generated after the OCT excitation beam is reflected by the tissue.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, in addition to the above-mentioned first optical fiber bundle 110, the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 generally also includes a first shell 120. The first shell 120 includes a connecting portion 121 for connecting to the main system, and a probe portion 122 for penetrating into the human body. The probe portion 122 and the connecting portion 121 are both hollow structures and are interconnected to form an installation cavity. The first optical fiber bundle 110 is installed in the installation cavity.

[0049] The working principle of the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0050] The OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is applied to an OCT-based fluorescence imaging system formed by combining an OCT imaging system and a fluorescence imaging system, wherein the first single-mode optical fiber 112 is connected to the OCT imaging system, and the first multimode optical fiber 111 is connected to the fluorescence imaging system.

[0051] During use, the OCT imaging system emits an OCT excitation beam and a reference beam, wherein the OCT excitation beam enters the first single-mode optical fiber 112, is then transmitted through the first single-mode optical fiber 112 to illuminate the reflecting surface 113, and then is reflected by the reflecting surface 113 and emitted to illuminate the tissue to be detected. The OCT excitation beam is then reflected by the tissue to be detected to form an OCT detection signal, which returns to the OCT imaging system through the first single-mode optical fiber 112 and forms a coherent beam with the reference beam. The corresponding equipment in the OCT imaging system then obtains a corresponding image by analyzing the coherent beam.

[0052] At the same time, the fluorescence imaging system emits a fluorescence excitation beam, which enters the first multimode optical fiber 111, is then transmitted through the first multimode optical fiber 111 to the reflective surface 113, and then is reflected by the reflective surface 113 and emitted to the tissue to be detected. The fluorescence excitation beam then performs fluorescence laser on the tissue to be detected to form a fluorescence detection signal, which is received by the first multimode optical fiber 111 and returned to the fluorescence imaging system. The corresponding equipment in the fluorescence imaging system then analyzes the coherent beam to obtain a corresponding image.

[0053] Since the tissue to be detected is generally a tubular structure, in order to obtain information about the entire inner wall of the tissue cavity, during the above operation, the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 generally needs to be rotated, or only at least one optical fiber in the first optical fiber bundle 110 needs to be rotated.

[0054] The OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes a first fiber bundle 110, which includes a first multimode fiber 111 and a first single-mode fiber 112. The first multimode fiber 111 is used to receive, transmit, and output a fluorescence excitation beam, and is also used to receive, transmit, and output a fluorescence detection signal formed after the fluorescence excitation beam excites the tissue; the first single-mode fiber 112 is used to receive, transmit, and output an OCT excitation beam, and is also used to receive, transmit, and output an OCT detection signal formed after the OCT excitation beam is reflected by the tissue. That is, two different types of optical fibers are used to transmit two OCT excitation beams. With the help of the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, simultaneous detection of the OCT imaging system and the fluorescence imaging system can be achieved, so that the OCT excitation beam and the fluorescence excitation beam can be simultaneously transmitted to the inner wall of the tissue to simultaneously obtain signals within the tissue, and the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 can be rotated to ensure that complete lumen segment information is obtained, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection results and high optical signal transmission efficiency.

[0055] The first multimode optical fiber and the first single-mode optical fiber can be arranged in various forms. For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided:

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, a first multimode optical fiber 111 and a first single-mode optical fiber 112 are each provided, and the light emitting directions of the two are arranged at an angle. Specifically, in this embodiment, the light emitting directions of the first multimode optical fiber 111 and the first single-mode optical fiber 112 can be arranged in opposite directions or at other non-zero angles. With this structure, when testing tissues such as blood vessels, the OCT excitation beam and the fluorescence excitation beam can be rotated to achieve full-circle detection of the inner wall of the tissue by rotating the first optical fiber bundle 110. The entire first optical fiber bundle 110 has a simple structure and is easy to assemble.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of first multimode optical fibers 111 are provided and arranged around the first single-mode optical fiber 112. The length of the first single-mode optical fiber 112 is greater than the length of the first multimode optical fiber 111, and the first single-mode optical fiber 112 can rotate relative to the first multimode optical fiber 111. In this embodiment, the diameters of the first multimode optical fibers 111 are generally the same, and may also have slight differences. The specific diameters can be set according to the needs of use and are not limited here. In this embodiment, all optical fibers are used to be flush with the main connecting ends (i.e., the light input ends) of the fluorescence imaging system 200 and the OCT imaging system 300. In this way, the length of the first single-mode optical fiber 112 located on the center line is large, and its light output end can be located outside the space surrounded by the multiple first multimode optical fibers 111, so that the light transmitted therein can be smoothly irradiated onto the tissue to be detected without being blocked by the first multimode optical fibers 111 located on the periphery after being emitted.

[0060] With this structure, when testing tissues such as blood vessels, the OCT excitation beam and the fluorescence excitation beam can be used to detect the inner wall of the tissue all around by rotating only the first single-mode optical fiber 112. In addition, the structure of the entire first optical fiber bundle 110 is simple and easy to assemble.

[0061] In addition, in this embodiment, the reflection surfaces 113 of the first multimode optical fibers 111 have the same inclination angle, which facilitates processing and assembly.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] There are multiple first single-mode optical fibers and they are arranged around the first multi-mode optical fiber. The length of the first multi-mode optical fiber is greater than that of the first single-mode optical fiber, and the first multi-mode optical fiber can rotate relative to the first single-mode optical fiber. In this embodiment, the diameters of the first single-mode optical fibers are generally the same, and may also have slight differences. They can be set specifically according to usage needs and are not limited here. In this embodiment, all optical fibers are used to be flush with the main connection ends (i.e., the light input ends) of the fluorescence imaging system and the OCT imaging system. In this way, the length of the first multi-mode optical fiber located on the center line is large, and its light output end can be located outside the space surrounded by the multiple first single-mode optical fibers, so that the light transmitted therein will not be blocked by the first single-mode optical fibers located on the periphery after being emitted, and can be smoothly irradiated onto the tissue to be detected.

[0064] With this structure, when testing tissues such as blood vessels, full-circle detection of the inner wall of the tissue can be achieved using both the OCT excitation beam and the fluorescence excitation beam by rotating only the first multimode optical fiber. Furthermore, the structure of the entire first optical fiber bundle is simple and easy to assemble.

[0065] In addition, in this embodiment, the inclination angles of the reflection surfaces of the first single-mode optical fibers are the same, which facilitates processing and assembly.

[0066] By adopting the above-mentioned second and third embodiments, the optical fibers located at the periphery are arranged circumferentially, which can simultaneously obtain the entire circumferential information in the tissue without affecting the rotation of the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter.

[0067] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 2 or embodiment 3, Figure 3 As shown, in order to further reduce the diameter of the first optical fiber bundle 110, the optical fibers located at the periphery are connected by grinding to reduce the gap between two adjacent optical fibers, thereby reducing the diameter and volume of the entire first optical fiber bundle 110 and the main body of the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100.

[0068] The reflective surface in each of the above embodiments can be realized by plating a reflective layer or applying a reflective film on the end surface of the light-emitting end of the first multimode optical fiber and the first single-mode optical fiber. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in an optional embodiment, the end faces of the light-emitting ends of the first single-mode optical fiber 112 and the first multimode optical fiber 111 are both beveled. Specifically, during preparation, the end faces of the light-emitting ends of the first single-mode optical fiber 112 and the first multimode optical fiber 111 can be made into bevels with a desired inclination angle by grinding, cutting, or other methods. The inclination angle of the bevel here is consistent with the inclination angle of the above-mentioned reflective surface 113, or the difference between the two is within a certain error value.

[0069] The OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 further includes a light-proof heat shrink member 130. The heat shrink member 130 is located in the extension direction of the first optical fiber bundle 110 and is connected to the light-emitting end of the first optical fiber bundle 110. The shape of the surface of the heat shrink member 130 used for connection with the first optical fiber bundle 110 is adapted to the shape of the end face of the light-emitting end of the first optical fiber bundle 110, and the two are attached to form a combined surface, which serves as the reflective surface 113.

[0070] Specifically, the heat shrinkable part 130 in this embodiment can be one or more heat shrinkable tubes having the above-mentioned structure, or a closed heat shrinkable part having a hollow structure. For example, when the first optical fiber bundle 110 includes a first single-mode optical fiber 112 and a first multimode optical fiber 111, the heat shrinkable part 130 can be bonded to the end face of the light-emitting end of the first optical fiber bundle 110 by an adhesive. When the first optical fiber bundle 110 includes multiple first single-mode optical fibers 112 or multiple first multimode optical fibers 111, at this time, due to the unevenness of the light-emitting ends of the first single-mode optical fibers 112 and the first multimode optical fibers 111, the heat shrinkable part 130 can be composed of multiple parts. One part can be used for all optical fibers located at the periphery, and one part can be used for the optical fibers located in the central area (i.e., on the center line). Alternatively, one part can be provided for each optical fiber. The specific selection can be made according to the needs of use and is not limited here.

[0071] As previously mentioned, to obtain information about the inner wall of a tissue lumen, the OCT excitation beam must be emitted from one side of the optical fiber. Therefore, the end faces of the light-emitting ends of both the first single-mode optical fiber 112 and the first multimode optical fiber 111 must be beveled. Consequently, the end face of the light-emitting end of the first optical fiber bundle 110 will have at least one sharp tip. If this tip is exposed and directly inserted into the human body, it can easily cause tissue scratches. However, in this embodiment, a heat shrink member 130 is attached to the light-emitting end of the first optical fiber bundle 110, concealing the sharp tip. The end of the heat shrink member 130, which is distal to the first optical fiber bundle 110, becomes the insertion end for insertion into tissue. Upon heating, the heat shrink member 130 becomes highly elastic, facilitating insertion of the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 into a tissue lumen while reducing the risk of tissue damage during tissue examination using the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 4 As shown, in another embodiment of the present invention, an OCT-based fluorescence imaging system is provided, including a fluorescence imaging system 200 and an OCT imaging system 300 .

[0073] Fluorescence imaging system 200 includes a fluorescence imaging light source 210, an optical fiber assembly 500, a photodetector 220, and a control and display device 400, which are sequentially arranged along a first path. The first path referred to herein is the path for detecting tissue using the fluorescence excitation beam emitted by the fluorescence imaging light source 210. The fluorescence imaging light source 210, the optical fiber assembly 500, and the photodetector 220 are optically connected via optical cables, optical fibers, hollow tubes, light-transmitting components, and the like. Alternatively, no other equipment may be provided between the fluorescence imaging light source 210, the optical fiber assembly 500, and the photodetector 220, as long as optical connectivity between the two is achieved. The photodetector 220 and the control and display device 400 may be connected via a cable or wirelessly.

[0074] In this embodiment, the fluorescence imaging light source 210 is typically a near-infrared light source, outputting near-infrared light with a wavelength between 700 and 1600 nm. The control and display device 400 can be a single device that has both control and display functions, such as a single computer, a computer cluster, or a display device with control functions. Alternatively, it can include two devices, one of which is a control device for controlling system functions and processing related data information, and the other is a display device for displaying the processed data information and performing imaging.

[0075] The OCT imaging system 300 includes a detection branch and a detection branch. The detection branch includes a coherent tomography imaging light source 310, a first coupler 320, a first circulator 330, and an optical fiber assembly 500 shared with the fluorescence imaging system 200, which are sequentially arranged along the second path. The second path referred to here refers to the exit path of the OCT excitation light beam emitted by the coherent tomography imaging light source 310. Specifically, the coherent tomography imaging light source in this embodiment is a low-coherence swept-frequency light source. The coherent tomography imaging light source 310, the first coupler 320, the first circulator 330, and the optical fiber assembly 500 shared with the fluorescence imaging system 200 can be optically connected through optical cables, optical fibers, empty pipes, or other light-transmitting components. Alternatively, no other equipment may be provided between two adjacent devices, as long as optical connectivity between the two devices is achieved.

[0076] The detection branch includes an optical fiber assembly 500, a first circulator 330, a second coupler 340, an optoelectronic converter 350, and a control and display device 400, arranged sequentially along a third path. It also includes a second circulator 360 and a reflector, arranged sequentially along a fourth path. The light input of the second circulator 360 is optically connected to one of the light outputs of the first coupler 320, and the light output of the second circulator 360 is optically connected to one of the light inputs of the second coupler 340. The third path herein refers to the propagation path of the OCT detection signal formed after the OCT excitation beam is reflected by tissue, and the fourth path refers to the propagation path of the reference light separated from the beam emitted by the coherence tomography light source 310. The optical fiber assembly 500, first circulator 330, second coupler 340, and optoelectronic converter 350 can be optically connected via optical cables, optical fibers, hollow tubes, or other optical transmission devices. Alternatively, no other device may be provided between adjacent devices, as long as optical connectivity is achieved. The optoelectronic converter 350 and control and display device 400 can be connected via a cable or wirelessly. The first coupler 320, the second circulator 360 and the second coupler 340 can be optically connected via optical cables, optical fibers, hollow tubes or other optical transmission components. Alternatively, no other device may be provided between the two adjacent devices, as long as optical communication between the two devices is achieved.

[0077] Specifically, the first coupler 320 has three ports, one of which is a light input port for receiving the light beam emitted by the coherent tomography imaging light source 310, and the other two are light output ports, one of which is used to output the OCT excitation light beam to the first circulator 330, and the other light output port is used to output the reference light to the second circulator 360.

[0078] Fiber optic assembly 500 includes a second fiber bundle and the first fiber bundle 110 provided in the aforementioned embodiments. The second fiber bundle includes a second multimode fiber and a second single-mode fiber. The second multimode fiber is optically connected to the first multimode fiber 111, and the second single-mode fiber is optically connected to the first single-mode fiber 112. Furthermore, because first fiber bundle 110 needs to rotate during use, an OCT-based fluorescence imaging system generally includes a rotation drive device for driving the rotation of all or some of the fibers in first fiber bundle 110.

[0079] Specifically, in this embodiment, the second optical fiber bundle and the first optical fiber bundle 110 can be connected via a multi-channel optical fiber slip ring, or other optical connector capable of rotatably connecting the first optical fiber bundle 110 and the second optical fiber bundle, to achieve optical connectivity between the corresponding optical fibers. The rotation drive device in this embodiment can be a motor 610, a manipulator, or the like, as long as it can drive the rotation of the first optical fiber bundle 110 without affecting light transmission between the corresponding optical fibers in the first optical fiber bundle 110 and the second optical fiber bundle.

[0080] In addition, the OCT-based fluorescence imaging system generally includes a second housing. The aforementioned fluorescence imaging light source 210, coherence tomography imaging light source 310, first coupler 320, first circulator 330, first circulator 330, second coupler 340, and light intensity detector 390 can all be disposed within the second housing. Alternatively, all other devices except the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 can be installed within the second housing. Alternatively, as needed, most of the devices except the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 can be installed within the second housing, while a few devices (such as the control and display device 400) can be installed outside the second housing. During use, the connection between the first housing 120 and the second housing can achieve the connection between the first single-mode optical fiber 112 and the second single-mode optical fiber, the connection between the first multimode optical fiber 111 and the second multimode optical fiber, and the relative positions of the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 and other devices in the fluorescence imaging system 200 and the OCT imaging system 300. This is prior art and will not be further described here.

[0081] like Figure 5 As shown, the first circulator 330 in this embodiment has three ports, one of which (port A in the figure) is used to receive the OCT excitation beam, another port (port B in the figure) is used to output the OCT excitation beam and to receive the OCT detection signal, and the last port (port C in the figure) is used to output the OCT detection signal received by port B.

[0082] The working principle of the OCT-based fluorescence imaging system provided in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0083] During use, the fluorescence imaging light source 210 emits a fluorescence excitation beam, which is then emitted through the optical fiber assembly 500 and irradiated onto the tissue, causing fluorescence excitation of the tissue to form a fluorescence detection signal. The fluorescence detection signal is then received by the fluorescence imaging system 200 through the optical fiber assembly 500, and then transmitted to the photodetector 220 via the optical fiber assembly 500. After signal conversion, it is transmitted to the control display device 400, and then the control display device 400 displays the corresponding image.

[0084] At the same time, the coherent tomography imaging light source 310 emits a detection laser, which is then divided into an OCT excitation beam and a reference beam through the first coupler 320. The OCT excitation beam is sequentially transmitted through the first circulator 330 and the optical fiber assembly 500 shared with the fluorescence imaging system 200 and emitted to irradiate the tissue. It is then reflected by the tissue to form an OCT detection signal. The OCT detection signal is then received by the OCT imaging system 300 through the optical fiber assembly 500. It is then transmitted through the optical fiber assembly 500 and sequentially transmitted through the first circulator 330 to the second coupler 340. At the second coupler 340, it is coherently coupled with the reference beam transmitted through the reference arm optical path composed of the second circulator 360 and the reflector 370 to form interference light of the OCT imaging system 300. The second coupler 340 then transmits the interference light to the photoelectric converter 350 for conversion between an optical signal and an electrical signal, and sends the electrical signal to the control display device 400 for display.

[0085] Alternatively, the display device 400 may be controlled to first store the image obtained by the OCT imaging system 300 and the image obtained by the fluorescence imaging system 200, and then the two images may be registered frame by frame using techniques such as guidewire recognition, and the registration results may be fused and displayed.

[0086] In the above process, the first coupler 320 divides the detection laser into the OCT excitation beam and the reference beam according to a certain splitting ratio. The ratio can be 90:10, or other ratios such as 50:50 can be used as needed. There is no limit here.

[0087] After testing, it was found that when using an OCT-based fluorescence imaging system to detect intravascular tissue, intravascular bleeding, common plaques, etc. can be accurately identified.

[0088] The OCT-based fluorescence imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention adopts the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 provided in the above-mentioned embodiments, and is provided with a second optical fiber bundle and other equipment matching therewith, thereby realizing the combination of the fluorescence imaging system 200 and the OCT imaging system 300, and can realize simultaneous detection of the OCT imaging system 300 and the fluorescence imaging system 200, so that the OCT excitation beam and the fluorescence excitation beam can be transmitted to the inner wall of the tissue at the same time, and the signal in the tissue can be obtained at the same time. Rotating the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 will not have a significant impact on the detection results, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection results and the high efficiency of optical signal transmission.

[0089] In one optional embodiment, the fluorescence excitation beam is a laser beam with a wavelength of 633 nm, and the OCT excitation beam is a laser beam with a wavelength of 1310 nm. Furthermore, the wavelengths of the fluorescence excitation beam, the OCT excitation beam, and the fluorescence detection signal are all different, thereby facilitating the identification and analysis of the fluorescence detection signal and the OCT detection signal.

[0090] like Figure 6 As shown, in an optional embodiment, the rotation drive device 600 includes a motor 610, and a first channel 620 is provided on the central axis of the motor 610 and runs through the motor 610 in the axial direction, and a second channel 630 is located on one side of the first channel 620. The second channel 630 is parallel to the first channel 620, and the number of the second channel 630 is the same as the number of optical fibers located on the periphery of the first optical fiber bundle, that is, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when only one first single-mode optical fiber 112 and one first multimode optical fiber 111 are provided in the first optical fiber bundle 110, only one second channel 630 is provided. When multiple first single-mode optical fibers 112 are provided in the first optical fiber bundle 110, the number of second channels 630 is the same as the number of first single-mode optical fibers 112. When multiple first multimode optical fibers 111 are provided in the first optical fiber bundle 110, the number of second channels 630 is the same as the number of first multimode optical fibers 111. During use, the optical fiber at the center of the first optical fiber bundle 110 passes through the first channel 620 and is connected to the corresponding optical fiber in the second optical fiber bundle 510 via a fiber slip ring. The optical fibers at the periphery of the first optical fiber bundle 110 pass through the second channel 630 and are connected to the corresponding optical fibers in the second optical fiber bundle 510 via a fiber slip ring. After the motor 610 is started, the first channel 620 and the second channel 630 can both rotate around the central axis, thereby driving the optical fibers in the first optical fiber bundle 110 to rotate around the central axis, thereby realizing the circumferential detection of the tissue lumen by the OCT-based fluorescence imaging system and the rotational pullback of the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100.

[0091] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of the second multimode optical fiber and the second single-mode optical fiber are provided and are arranged around the other optical fiber.

[0092] This embodiment includes multiple configuration methods:

[0093] The first one, such as Figure 3 and Figure 7As shown, a plurality of first multimode optical fibers 111 are arranged around the first single-mode optical fiber 112. The number of second multimode optical fibers 511 is the same as that of the first multimode optical fibers 111 and is arranged around the second single-mode optical fiber 512. The diameter of the first single-mode optical fiber 112 is adapted to the diameter of the second single-mode optical fiber 512, and the diameter of the first multimode optical fiber 111 is adapted to the diameter of the second multimode optical fiber 511. Adaptation here means that the diameters of the two fibers are comparable, or have a small difference, and stable transmission of optical signals can be achieved in the docked state. When using this solution, the first multimode optical fiber 111 does not need to rotate during tissue testing; only the rotation of the first single-mode optical fiber 112 is controlled.

[0094] In the second approach, multiple first single-mode fibers are arranged around the first multimode fiber. The number of second single-mode fibers matches the number of first single-mode fibers and is arranged around the second multimode fiber. Furthermore, the diameters of the first and second multimode fibers are matched, and the diameters of the first and second single-mode fibers are matched. With this approach, the first single-mode fiber does not need to rotate during tissue testing; only the rotation of the first multimode fiber is controlled.

[0095] The third type is that the first single-mode optical fiber and the first multi-mode optical fiber are each provided with one, the second single-mode optical fiber is provided with multiple and arranged around the second multi-mode optical fiber, and the diameter of the first multi-mode optical fiber is adapted to the diameter of the second multi-mode optical fiber, and the diameter of the first single-mode optical fiber is adapted to the diameter of the second single-mode optical fiber.

[0096] The fourth type, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, each of the first single-mode optical fiber 112 and the first multimode optical fiber 111 is provided with one, and the second multimode optical fiber 511 is provided with multiple ones and is arranged around the second single-mode optical fiber 512. At the same time, the diameter of the first multimode optical fiber 111 is adapted to the diameter of the second multimode optical fiber 511, and the diameter of the first single-mode optical fiber 112 is adapted to the diameter of the second single-mode optical fiber 512.

[0097] Regardless of which of the above configurations is adopted, there are multiple optical fibers of one type in the second optical fiber bundle 510 , thereby achieving multi-channel transmission of the corresponding OCT excitation beam, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the corresponding OCT excitation beam.

[0098] like Figure 9 As shown, in an optional embodiment, a plurality of second single-mode optical fibers 512 are provided, and the detection branch further includes a beam splitter 380 located between the first circulator 330 and the optical fiber assembly 500. The beam splitter 380 is used to split the OCT excitation light beam transmitted by the first circulator 330 into a plurality of first sub-beams that are the same in number as the second single-mode optical fibers 512, and transmit the plurality of first sub-beams one by one to the corresponding first single-mode optical fibers 112, and also to combine the plurality of OCT detection signals transmitted through the plurality of first single-mode optical fibers 112 into one signal and transmit it to the first circulator 330.

[0099] The beam splitter 380 in this embodiment is a bidirectional beam splitter 380 with a timing switch. It can split a beam of OCT excitation light into multiple groups of first sub-beams according to a pre-set timing, which enter multiple second single-mode optical fibers 512 and multiple first single-mode optical fibers 112. At the same time, the beam splitter 380 can also couple the OCT detection signals transmitted by the multiple first single-mode optical fibers 112 and the multiple second single-mode optical fibers 512 to form a beam of detection light. As can be seen, the configuration of the beam splitter 380 in this embodiment is used to match the circumferentially arranged multi-channel second single-mode optical fibers 512, so that the OCT excitation light beam can evenly enter each second single-mode optical fiber 512, ensuring the detection effect.

[0100] like Figure 10 As shown, in an optional embodiment, there are multiple second multimode optical fibers 511, and the fluorescence imaging system 200 also includes a beam splitter 380 located between the fluorescence imaging light source 210 and the optical fiber assembly 500. The beam splitter 380 is used to split the fluorescence excitation beam into a plurality of second sub-beams that are the same in number as the second multimode optical fibers 511, and transmit the plurality of second sub-beams one by one to the corresponding first multimode optical fibers 111.

[0101] The beam splitter 380 in this embodiment is a unidirectional optical path beam splitter 380 with a timing switch. The beam splitter 380 can be optically connected to the fluorescence imaging light source 210 or the optical fiber assembly 500 via an optical cable, optical fiber, hollow tube, or other optical transmission device. Alternatively, the beam splitter 380 can be optically connected to the fluorescence imaging light source 210 or the optical fiber assembly 500 without any other equipment between them, as long as the beam splitter 380 can be optically connected to the fluorescence imaging light source 210 and the optical fiber assembly 500. When using the OCT-based fluorescence imaging system provided in this embodiment, the fluorescence imaging light source 210 emits a fluorescence excitation beam. The fluorescence excitation beam enters the beam splitter 380 for optical path splitting, and is divided into multiple second sub-beams. The multiple second sub-beams are then further incident on multiple second multimode optical fibers 511, and then transmitted to the first multimode optical fiber 111 through the second multimode optical fibers 511. After being emitted from the first multimode optical fiber 111, they are irradiated onto tissue, exciting fluorescence in the tissue to obtain an intracavity fluorescence detection signal. The signal then returns to the fluorescence detection system through the first multimode optical fiber 111 and the second multimode optical fiber 511, and is then converted into an electrical signal by a photodetector and transmitted to the control and display device 400. It can be seen that the configuration of the beam splitter 380 in this embodiment is used to match the circumferentially arranged multi-channel second multimode optical fibers 511, so that the OCT excitation beam can evenly enter each second multimode optical fiber 511, ensuring the detection effect.

[0102] In order to make the signal acquired by the OCT-based fluorescence imaging system more stable and obtain a complete image of the tissue cavity, such as Figure 8As shown, in an optional embodiment, the second fiber bundle 510 further includes a reinforcement fiber 513. When the second multimode optical fiber 511 is located at the periphery, the reinforcement fiber 513 is a multimode optical fiber with a diameter smaller than that of the second multimode optical fiber 511, and is located within the recessed area formed by the two adjacent second multimode optical fibers 511. When the second single-mode optical fiber 512 is located at the periphery, the reinforcement fiber 513 is a single-mode optical fiber with a diameter smaller than that of the second single-mode optical fiber 512, and is located within the recessed area formed by the two adjacent second single-mode optical fibers 512. Specifically, one or more reinforcement fibers 513 can be provided in this embodiment. When multiple reinforcement fibers are provided, their number can be the same as the number of the second single-mode optical fibers 512 and the second multimode optical fibers 511 located at the periphery, or it can be less than the above number, and can be specifically set according to detection needs. The provision of the reinforcement fiber 513 can enhance the signal, thereby improving the stability of the signal acquired by the OCT-based fluorescence imaging system.

[0103] In actual use, the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter needs to rotate. During the rotation process, the intensity of the light signal transmitted by the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter will have peaks and valleys. In order to make the deviation of the detection results at different times not too large, Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in an optional embodiment, the detection branch also includes a light intensity detector 390, which is respectively connected to the second coupler 340 and the photoelectric converter 350 through an optical path, and is also electrically connected to the control display device 400. The control display device 400 is used to receive the light intensity signal output by the light intensity detector 390, and enhance the OCT detection signal whose light intensity signal is lower than the preset light intensity.

[0104] Since there is a deviation in the light intensity of the light signal transmitted through the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 during the rotation process, the light intensity detector 390 is used to monitor the light intensity information in real time, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the control display device 400 in real time. The control display device 400 compares the data with the preset light intensity data pre-stored therein. When the data is lower than the preset light intensity value, the electrical signal of the OCT detection signal corresponding to the light signal is enhanced by the algorithm, and then the corresponding image is analyzed to ensure that the displayed image is more accurate, thereby ensuring that the detection result is more accurate.

[0105] More specifically, due to the structure of the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100, significant transmission losses occur during OCT or fluorescence imaging. The light intensity detection device selects the imaging information at the time of highest light intensity as the standard image information, because the image information at the time of highest light intensity has the least loss and contains the most accurate intracavitary information. Furthermore, during one scanning rotation of the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100, the OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter 100 can acquire 500 information images. A standard information image can be selected from these 500 images and, through fitting, the remaining non-standard information images can be refined to form a single intracavitary image. After continuously acquiring all intracavitary images, they are aligned frame-by-frame with the acquired image of the other modality (i.e., the fluorescence modality image) through guidewire recognition, and the alignment results are fused and displayed.

[0106] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and specifically describes the technical principles of the present invention. These descriptions are intended solely to explain the principles of the present invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Based on the explanations herein, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, as well as other specific embodiments of the present invention that can be devised by those skilled in the art without inventive effort, shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter, characterized in that: The optical fiber bundle comprises a first multimode optical fiber and a first single-mode optical fiber, and light-emitting ends of the first multimode optical fiber and the first single-mode optical fiber are both provided with a reflective surface; The first multimode optical fiber is used to receive, transmit and output a fluorescence excitation light beam, and is also used to receive, transmit and output a fluorescence detection signal generated after the fluorescence excitation light beam excites the tissue; The first single-mode optical fiber is used to receive, transmit and output the OCT excitation beam, and is also used to receive, transmit and output the OCT detection signal generated after the OCT excitation beam is reflected by the tissue; The first multimode optical fiber is provided in plurality and is arranged around the first single-mode optical fiber, the length of the first single-mode optical fiber is greater than the length of the first multimode optical fiber, and the first single-mode optical fiber is capable of rotating relative to the first multimode optical fiber; Alternatively, a plurality of first single-mode optical fibers are provided and arranged around the first multi-mode optical fiber, the length of the first multi-mode optical fiber is greater than that of the first single-mode optical fiber, and the first multi-mode optical fiber is capable of rotating relative to the first single-mode optical fiber; The end faces of the light-emitting ends of the first single-mode optical fiber and the first multi-mode optical fiber are both beveled; The OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter also includes an opaque heat shrinkable part, which is located in the extension direction of the first optical fiber bundle and connected to the light-emitting end of the first optical fiber bundle. The shape of one side of the heat shrinkable part used for connection with the first optical fiber bundle is adapted to the end face shape of the light-emitting end of the first optical fiber bundle, and the two are fitted together to form a combined surface, which is the reflecting surface.

2. The OCT-based fluorescence imaging catheter according to claim 1, wherein: When the first multimode optical fibers are located at the periphery, the inclination angles of the reflection surfaces of the first multimode optical fibers are the same; When the first single-mode optical fibers are located at the periphery, the inclination angles of the reflection surfaces of the first single-mode optical fibers are the same.

3. An OCT-based fluorescence imaging system, characterized in that: Including fluorescence imaging system and OCT imaging system; The fluorescence imaging system includes a fluorescence imaging light source, an optical fiber assembly, a photodetector, and a control display device arranged in sequence along a first path; The OCT imaging system includes a detection branch and a detection branch, wherein the detection branch includes a coherence tomography light source, a first coupler, a first circulator, and the optical fiber assembly arranged in sequence along a second path, and the detection branch includes the optical fiber assembly, the first circulator, the second coupler, a photoelectric converter, and the control and display device arranged in sequence along a third path, and further includes a second circulator and a reflector arranged in sequence along a fourth path, wherein a light inlet of the second circulator is in communication with one of the light outlets of the first coupler via an optical path, and a light outlet of the second circulator is in communication with one of the light inlet of the second coupler via an optical path; The optical fiber assembly includes a second optical fiber bundle and the first optical fiber bundle according to claim 1 or 2, the second optical fiber bundle includes a second multimode optical fiber and a second single-mode optical fiber, the second multimode optical fiber is connected to the first multimode optical fiber through an optical path, and the second single-mode optical fiber is connected to the first single-mode optical fiber through an optical path.

4. The OCT-based fluorescence imaging system according to claim 3, wherein: A plurality of optical fibers of one type among the second multimode optical fiber and the second single-mode optical fiber are provided and are arranged around the other optical fiber.

5. The OCT-based fluorescence imaging system according to claim 4, wherein: There are multiple second single-mode optical fibers, and the detection branch further includes a beam splitter located between the first circulator and the optical fiber assembly, the beam splitter being configured to split the OCT excitation beam transmitted by the first circulator into a plurality of first sub-beams the same number as the second single-mode optical fibers, and transmit the plurality of first sub-beams one-to-one into the corresponding first single-mode optical fibers, and further being configured to combine the plurality of OCT detection signals transmitted through the plurality of first single-mode optical fibers into one signal and transmit it to the first circulator; Alternatively, there are multiple second multimode optical fibers, and the fluorescence imaging system further includes a beam splitter located between the fluorescence imaging light source and the optical fiber assembly, wherein the beam splitter is used to split the fluorescence excitation beam into a plurality of second sub-beams that are the same in number as the second multimode optical fibers, and transmit the plurality of second sub-beams one-to-one to the corresponding first multimode optical fibers.

6. The OCT-based fluorescence imaging system according to claim 5, wherein: The second optical fiber bundle also includes a reinforcement optical fiber. When the second multimode optical fiber is located at the periphery, the reinforcement optical fiber is a multimode optical fiber with a diameter smaller than that of the second multimode optical fiber, and is located in the recessed area formed by two adjacent second multimode optical fibers; when the second single-mode optical fiber is located at the periphery, the reinforcement optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber with a diameter smaller than that of the second single-mode optical fiber, and is located in the recessed area formed by two adjacent second single-mode optical fibers.

7. The OCT-based fluorescence imaging system according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein: The detection branch also includes a light intensity detector, which is respectively connected to the second coupler and the photoelectric converter through an optical path, and is also electrically connected to the control display device. The control display device is used to receive the light intensity signal output by the light intensity detector and enhance the OCT detection signal whose light intensity signal is lower than the preset light intensity.

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