An optimization method for modular transportation of automobiles by container ships

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rapid optimization method for modular transportation of automobiles by container ships. By giving the parameters between the applicable containers of container ships and the modular automobile carrier devices, the number of standard vehicle types that can be carried by container ships and the effective vehicle-carrying area can be quickly determined, providing a method for rapid economic evaluation of container ships carrying automobiles, and can quickly complete the conversion of the general arrangement plan of the nominal standard containers carried by the same container ship into the initial version of the general arrangement plan of carrying modular nominal standard automobiles. The present invention can improve the design efficiency by several times compared with the traditional design and can increase the nominal vehicle-carrying capacity of container ships by more than 80%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a ship transformation technology, and more specifically, to an optimization method for transforming a container ship for transporting automobiles. Background Art

[0002] Existing ships for transporting a large number of automobiles are roll-on / roll-off car carriers, as follows Figure 1 , and its main design measurement indexes are the effective total vehicle-carrying area of the deck and the number of standard vehicle types carried. The ratio of these two values in the design of a conventional car carrier is generally between 8.2 and 8.4 (the larger this value, the higher the economy). The transportation mode of such a car carrier for transporting automobiles is to roll on / roll off the automobiles and manually tie and fix the automobiles on the ship after they reach the designated position. Due to the width limitation of the offloading lane when manually rolling on / roll off the automobiles in the port, the loading and unloading efficiency is low; such a ship is prone to ship damage accidents caused by the failure of manually tying and fixing the automobiles on the ship.

[0003] And existing container ships, as follows Figure 2 , and its main design measurement index is the number of containers carried. All goods are transported through containers of fixed sizes. However, directly transporting automobiles with conventional containers has the disadvantage of low utilization rate of the cargo hold space. Generally, only 1 vehicle (or 2 vehicles) can be transported in 1 20-foot (or 40-foot) container. That is, when the external dimensions of the ship are the same, the number of standard automobiles transported by a container ship is more than half less than that transported by a traditional car carrier. Therefore, in practice, only a small number of high-end automobiles are fixedly transported in the ship containers.

[0004] With the development of technologies such as the enlargement and automation of equipment, it provides an engineering implementation basis for improving the previous transportation method of driving cars onto ships by roll-on / roll-off and manually tying and fixing them on the ship into a transportation method of hoisting modular fixed car devices (fixing cars on land) onto container ships by port cranes: the weight of a single 40-foot container is between 0 and 30.5 tons. When the total weight of the modular car frame device (including goods) is controlled below 30.5 tons, the port crane of the container ship can be used to hoist and load the modular car frame device onto the container ship; the external dimensions of automotive goods transported in large quantities at sea basically do not exceed 1 meter (usually, the external dimensions of marine automotive goods are in the range of: length from 4 meters to 4.9 meters, width from 1.5 meters to 2.0 meters, and height from 1.4 meters to 2.1 meters). Therefore, it is suitable to be transported by modular fixed car devices of specific dimensions; container ships are basically designed according to the container dimensions of a specified height (usually, the external dimensions of the containers used are: length 6.058 or 12.192 meters, width 2.438 meters, and height 2.591 meters or 2.896 meters). When the modular car carrier device is designed to match the container, through the relevant parameter assignment algorithm between the container and the modular car carrier device, the design measurement indicators of the container ship when carrying cars can be quickly obtained - the number of standard model cars carried and the effective car-carrying area; there are a large number of mature container stowage programs and software available for containers. For container ships transporting cars with modular fixed car devices, after making equivalent substitutions for key design parameters through specific algorithms, the original container stowage programs and software can be slightly updated and adjusted to be equally applicable to the stowage calculation of container ships transporting cars with modular fixed car devices.

[0005] Currently, with the rapid globalization of new automotive trade and the increase in actual container ships, shipowners' demands for improving the variety of goods carried and the utilization rate of cargo hold space on container ships are increasing. Therefore, a series of design methods and devices need to be invented to achieve a significant increase in the capacity of container ships to transport standard cars (more than 80% higher than transporting cars with conventional containers). To achieve the above objectives, the main engineering and technical problems to be solved are the lack of a rapid optimization method for design indicators for modularly transporting cars on container ships and a fixed car carrier device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a rapid optimization method for modular transportation of automobiles by container ships. By using the parameters between the containers of the container ship and the modular automobile carrier device given by the present invention, the number of standard vehicle types that can be carried by the container ship and the effective vehicle-carrying area can be quickly determined, providing a method for rapid economic evaluation of the container ship for carrying automobiles (the economic evaluation parameters of the vehicle carrier are basically independent of the external dimensions of the finally adopted modular fixed vehicle device, similar to the nominal container number of the container ship being independent of the size of the actually carried containers), and can quickly complete the conversion of the general arrangement plan of the nominal standard containers carried by the same container ship into the initial version of the general arrangement plan for carrying modular nominal standard automobiles.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an optimization method for modular transportation of automobiles by container ships, including the following steps:

[0008] S1: Preparation work: Determine the general arrangement plan of the container ship, select the ISO 9711-1:1990 standard, and based on the external dimensions of 20-foot and 40-foot containers, the maximum height H for transporting fixed automobiles is in the range of 1.8 meters to 2.5 meters;

[0009] The kij in the formula are respectively the row number k of the container position number code of the corresponding container ship, the layer number i for converting the same-length container, and j is the column number of the container position number code of the container ship, and the components of the container position number code that have no influence are omitted in the suffix;

[0010] S2: According to the general arrangement plan, the number of 20-foot containers C that can be loaded alone ki Confirm, unit: box, when C ki = 0, jump to step S4, otherwise proceed to step S3;

[0011] S3: The vehicle-carrying capacity N cki and the vehicle-carrying area transformation A cki at the position of the 20-foot container. Here, the number of 20-foot containers C ki , unit: box: Here, the equivalent corresponding vehicle-carrying number N cki and the vehicle-carrying area A cki transformation, the transformation formulas are respectively: N cki = [1.5 * C ki + 0.1] (unit: vehicle) and A cki = 14.5 * η * C ki , unit: square meter; η is the correction coefficient for the space occupied by the internal components of the used modular fixed vehicle device, and its value is usually between 0.97 and 1.03. If there is no initial value, it can be defaulted to 1.0; and it is marked on the corresponding container general arrangement plan; S4: The vehicle-carrying number N cki and the area transformation A cki, according to the number of 40-foot containers D that can be loaded on each layer at the position of the row position number k ki , where the equivalent corresponding number of car carriers N cki and the car carrier area A cki The transformation formulas are respectively: N cki = [3.5 * D ki - 0.6] (unit: vehicle) and A cki = 29.6 * η * D ki ; unit: square meters, η is the correction coefficient for the space occupied by the internal components of the modular fixed vehicle device used, and its value is usually between 0.97 and 1.03. If there is no initial value, it can be defaulted to 1.0; and it is marked on the corresponding container general arrangement drawing, and then the confirmation of the corrected number of vehicle carrier layers in the cargo hold is completed according to the following steps S5 and S6 respectively;

[0012] S5: Correction of the number of vehicle carrier layers in the cargo hold. Measure at the position of the column position number j in the cargo hold at the even position of the row position number k on the longitudinal arrangement drawing of the number of containers in the container ship general arrangement drawing. The original total height H ckj of M kj layers of 40-foot containers that can be loaded are determined. Determine the increased number of vehicle carrier layers M1 ckj in the height direction of the cargo hold. According to the formula:

[0013] M1 ckj = [(H kj - M ckj * H) / H], unit: layer, to obtain M1 ckj . If M1 ckj = 0, jump to the following step S9; otherwise, jump to the following step S8;

[0014] S6: Correction of the number of vehicle carrier layers outside the cargo hold. Measure the original total height H ck of M2 k2 layers of 40-foot containers that can be loaded outside the cargo hold at the position of the row position number k on the longitudinal arrangement drawing of the number of containers in the container ship general arrangement drawing. Determine the increased number of vehicle carrier layers M3 ck in the height direction outside the cargo hold. The bottoms of the containers outside the cargo hold are all on the same plane. According to the formula without considering the influence of columns: M3 outside the cargo hold ck = [(H k2 - M2 ck * H) / H], unit: layer, and calculate to obtain M3 ck . If M3 ck = 0, then jump to the following step S9; otherwise, proceed to the following step S7;

[0015] S7: Quickly determine the vehicle carrying capacity N2 ck and the vehicle carrier area A2 ck of the total newly added modular fixed vehicle device layers: The newly added number of layers M3 ckThe total newly added vehicle capacity and total newly added vehicle area are taken as the relevant quantities corresponding to the topmost layer in the same position multiplied by the newly added number of layers. The formulas are as follows: N2 ck = M3 ck * N cki (unit: vehicle, N cki is taken as the single-layer vehicle capacity obtained by the above step S4 at the layer position with the largest i value corresponding to the outer row position number K of the cargo hold) and A2 ck = M3 ck * A cki , unit: square meter, A cki is taken as the single-layer maximum vehicle area obtained by the above step S4 at the layer position with the largest i value corresponding to the outer row position number K of the cargo hold, and is marked at the corresponding position in the container general arrangement drawing;

[0016] S8: Quick calculation of the vehicle capacity N1 ckj+2 and vehicle area A1 ckj+2 of the total newly added modular fixed vehicle device layers in the cargo hold: According to the formula: N1 ckj+2 = λ * N ckj+2 , unit: vehicle, N ck j+2 is taken as the single-layer vehicle capacity obtained by the above step S2 or S3 at the topmost layer position of the adjacent column at column j corresponding to the inner row position number K of the cargo hold; and

[0017] A1 ckj+2 = λ * A ckj+2 , unit: square meter, A ckj+2 is taken as the single-layer maximum vehicle area obtained by the above step S2 or S3 at the topmost layer position of the adjacent column at column j corresponding to the inner row position number K of the cargo hold. Here, λ is the influence correction function of the actual newly added layers of the vehicle frame in the ship width direction. When M1 ckj = M1 ckj+2 , λ = 1, otherwise, λ is determined according to the following formula, λ = min(M1 ckj , M1 ckj+2 ). λ only considers that the row position number k at the 40-foot container position is even and is calculated by combining every 2 groups into 1 group. When there is only 1 column left at the end, there is no newly added layer correction, that is, λ = 0 for a single column, and the newly added number of layers and their corresponding data are marked at the corresponding position in the container general arrangement drawing;

[0018] S9: Whether to consider the layer correction for a single 20-foot container. If the correction is not considered, skip this step. Otherwise, return to the above steps S7 and S8 and add the corresponding calculations for the case where the inner row position number k of the cargo hold is odd in the formula, and mark the calculated values at the corresponding positions in the container general arrangement drawing;

[0019] S10: The total vehicle capacity N ck and total vehicle area A ckDetermine and perform relevant quick calculations according to the following formulas respectively: According to the formula: (unit: vehicle) and

[0020] Unit: square meter;

[0021] S11: Determine the vehicle capacity N that the whole ship can carry and the total vehicle-carrying area A, and perform relevant quick optimizations according to the following formulas respectively: (unit: vehicle) and (unit: square meter), and determine the specific values of the vehicle capacity that the whole ship can carry and the total vehicle-carrying area.

[0022] Among them, step S1 gives a method for determining the external dimensions of the modular fixed vehicle device suitable for the efficient transportation of vehicles by conventional container ships. Under the existing limitations of the lifting capacity of container port cranes, the single-layer horizontal plane of the modular fixed vehicle device can be equivalent to the plane dimensions of 2 (or 3) 40-foot container positions (including the container spacing) on the ship, and the increase ratio of the number of vehicles carried in the same plane (the ratio of the standard vehicle-carrying capacity of the modular fixed vehicle device to that of the container) can reach 75% (or 66.7%). At the same time, since most of the heights of the modular fixed vehicle devices required for the ship to transport vehicle goods are shorter than those of standard containers, the purpose of loading more layers of standard vehicles can be achieved by selecting modular fixed vehicle devices with smaller height values. Therefore, when a container ship adopts a modular fixed vehicle device, the number of standard vehicles it can carry can be greatly increased, and it may even reach the vehicle-carrying capacity level of a car carrier with the same main dimensions.

[0023] In steps S2 to S9, the principle of equivalent space loading unit transformation is adopted for the main design measurement index parameters of car carriers and container ships. Based on the statistical analysis of a large number of layout data, a quick calculation method for the design measurement indexes of modular transportation of vehicles by container ships is given, providing a technical basis for greatly improving the modular transportation capacity of vehicles by container ships. In addition, there are a large number of mature container stowage programs and software for containers. For container ships transporting vehicles with modular fixed vehicle devices, through the external dimensions of the modular fixed vehicle devices determined in step S1 of the present invention, the original container stowage programs and software can be slightly improved and then equally applicable to the stowage calculation of container ships transporting vehicles with modular fixed vehicle devices.

[0024] In the preferred mode, steps S5 to S9 are simplified as follows: Measure the container height H1 from the general arrangement drawing of the container ship, calculate the number of container layers n = [H / (H1 - H)+1] required for adding 1 layer of vehicle frames, and according to the number of container layers n1 inside and outside the cargo hold on the general arrangement drawing ki , calculate the newly added layers λ inside and outside the cargo hold respectively ki =[n1 ki / n], where the value of λ generally does not exceed 4. If λ = 0, there is no new layer. Otherwise, according to the value of λ ki starting from the top layer and going downwards inside and outside the corresponding cargo hold positions on the general arrangement plan of the container ship, determine the vehicle-carrying capacity of the new layer according to the rule of increasing the vehicle-carrying capacity of the top layer by one layer for every n layers, and mark it on the corresponding general arrangement plan of the container.

[0025] In the prior art, when loading cars on a container ship, the normal method is to design according to the method of loading cars into containers. The nominal vehicle-carrying capacity determined by this method is very low; or design by referring to the container arrangement method of the container ship and start from scratch to re-design the vehicle-carrying layout. For example, confirm the vehicle-carrying device layout according to each cross-section, which is relatively large in workload and time-consuming; while applying the method and formula given in the present invention can quickly determine two common indicators of the standard vehicle-carrying quantity and the effective vehicle-carrying area of modular transport of standard vehicle models on a container ship in actual operation. Compared with the traditional design, the efficiency can be increased by several times and the nominal vehicle-carrying capacity of the container ship can be increased by more than 80%.

[0026] By applying the method given in the present invention, the index of the standard vehicle-carrying quantity of modular transport of standard vehicle models on a container ship in actual operation is determined, which provides a necessary optimization way to significantly increase the nominal vehicle-carrying capacity of the container ship (more than 80% increase compared with transporting cars with conventional containers), and the efficiency can be increased by several times compared with the traditional design.

[0027] In addition, the method of the present invention and the use of a new goods fixing device for cars increase the new uses of the container ship. Only by providing supporting settings, a refined optimization with an error not exceeding 1% is achieved, and some steps can be omitted or the algorithm can be further simplified according to the actual use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a side view of a prior art car carrier;

[0029] Figure 2 is a side view of a prior art container ship;

[0030] Figure 3 is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is a design flowchart of an example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, an optimization method for modular transport of cars on a container ship according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0033] S1: According to the general arrangement drawing of the container ship (this drawing meets the requirements of the practical manual of ship design, contains the number of containers and their distribution and the design dimensions of 20-foot and 40-foot containers, the container ship slot number code (according to ISO9711-1:1990 standard) and the loading and unloading capacity limit of the transport port, and the standard car layout of a large number of modular fixed car carriers, the dimensions of the modular fixed car carrier suitable for this container ship transportation are determined, that is, the horizontal plane single-layer plane dimensions of this modular fixed car device are mainly taken as the equivalent of 2 and 3 container slots (including the possible internal spacing of containers under this number) for this ship. Plane size, the height H of this modular fixed automobile device (the value is generally between 1.8 meters and 2.5 meters) is determined according to the height of the suitable automobile cargo. If there is only one row, conventional containers are used to load the automobiles. According to the following steps S2 and S3, the nominal container capacity of the container ship is converted into the vehicle capacity and vehicle area of ​​automobile cargo (hereinafter referred to as the number of vehicles and the vehicle area). The kij suffixes of the formulas in the present invention correspond to the row number k of the container slot number code of the container ship, the layer number i of the container of the same length is converted, and j corresponds to the column number of the container slot number code of the container ship, and the unaffected container slot number code components are omitted in the suffixes of all formula parameters in the present invention;

[0034] S2: According to the general layout of the container ship, the number of 20-foot containers that can be loaded alone is C ki (Unit: box) Confirm, when C ki =0, jump to step S4, otherwise proceed to step S3;

[0035] S3: Vehicle load at 20-foot container position only N cki and vehicle loading area transformation A cki , here is the number of 20-foot containers C ki (Unit: box): This is equivalent to the number of vehicles N cki and loading area A cki Transformation, the transformation formula (based on the study of the standard vehicle layout of a large number of modular fixed vehicle carriers) is: N cki =[1.5*C ki +0.1] (unit: vehicle) and A cki =14.5*η*C ki (Unit: square meters, η is the space occupation correction coefficient of the internal components of the modular fixed vehicle device used, the value is usually between 0.97 and 1.03, if there is no initial value, it can be taken as 1.0 by default), and marked on the corresponding container general arrangement drawing; S4: Only 40-foot container position carries vehicles N cki and area transformation A cki , according to the number of 40-foot containers that can be loaded on each layer at row number k ki , here is equivalent to the number of vehicles Ncki and the loading vehicle area A cki The transformation formulas (obtained from the study of the standard vehicle layout of a large number of modular fixed vehicle carriers) are respectively: N cki =[3.5*D ki -0.6] (unit: vehicle) and A cki =29.6*η*D ki (unit: square meters, η is the correction coefficient for the space occupied by the internal components of the modular fixed vehicle device used, and its value usually ranges from 0.97 to 1.03. If there is no initial value, it can be defaulted to 1.0), and it is marked on the corresponding general container layout plan, and then the following steps S5 and S6 are respectively completed to confirm the correction of the number of vehicle loading layers in the cargo hold;

[0036] S5: Correction of the number of vehicle loading layers in the cargo hold. Measure the total height H ckj of the original M kj layers of 40-foot containers at the position of the cargo hold column number j where the row number k is an even number on the longitudinal layout plan of the container number in the general container layout plan of the container ship, and calculate the increased number of vehicle loading layers M1 ckj in the height direction of the cargo hold. According to the formula:

[0037] M1 ckj =[(H kj -M ckj *H) / H] (unit: layer), calculate to obtain M1 ckj . If M1 ckj =0, jump to the following step S9; otherwise, jump to the following step S8;

[0038] S6: Correction of the number of vehicle loading layers outside the cargo hold. Measure the total height H ck of the original M2 k2 layers of 40-foot containers outside the cargo hold at the position of the row number k on the longitudinal layout plan of the container number in the general container layout plan of the container ship, and calculate the increased number of vehicle loading layers M3 ck in the height direction outside the cargo hold. The bottoms of the containers outside the cargo hold are all on the same plane. According to the formula without considering the column influence: M3 ck =[(H k2 -M2 ck *H) / H] (unit: layer), calculate to obtain M3 ck . If M3 ck =0, then jump to the following step S9; otherwise, proceed to the following step S7;

[0039] S7: Quick calculation of the vehicle loading capacity N2 ck and the loading vehicle area A2 ck of the total newly added modular fixed vehicle device layers outside the cargo hold: The newly added number of layers M3 ckThe total newly added vehicle loading capacity and total newly added vehicle loading area are taken as the relevant quantities corresponding to the topmost layer in the same position multiplied by the newly added number of layers. The calculation formulas are as follows: N2 ck = M3 ck * N cki (unit: vehicle, N cki is taken as the single-layer vehicle loading capacity obtained in accordance with the above step S4 at the position of the layer with the largest i value corresponding to the outboard position number K of the cargo hold) and A2 ck = M3 ck * A cki (unit: square meter, A cki is taken as the single-layer maximum vehicle loading area obtained in accordance with the above step S4 at the position of the layer with the largest i value corresponding to the outboard position number K of the cargo hold), and mark at the corresponding position in the container general arrangement drawing;

[0040] S8: The vehicle loading capacity N1 ckj+2 and vehicle loading area A1 ckj+2 of the total newly added modular fixed vehicle device layers in the cargo hold are quickly calculated: According to the formula: N1 ckj+2 = λ * N ckj+2 (unit: vehicle, N ckj+2 is taken as the single-layer vehicle loading capacity obtained in accordance with the above step S2 or S3 at the position of the topmost layer of the adjacent column at column j corresponding to the inboard position number K of the cargo hold) and A1 ckj+2 = λ * A ckj+2 (unit: square meter, A ckj+2 is taken as the single-layer maximum vehicle loading area obtained in accordance with the above step S2 or S3 at the position of the topmost layer of the adjacent column at column j corresponding to the inboard position number K of the cargo hold). In the formula, λ is the influence correction function of the actual newly added layers in the ship width direction of the vehicle frame. When M1 ckj = M1 ckj+2 , λ = 1; otherwise, λ is determined according to the following formula: λ = min(M1 ckj , M1 ckj+2 ). λ only considers that the row position number k at the 40-foot container position is even and is calculated by combining every 2 groups into 1 group. When there is only 1 column left at the end, there is no newly added layer correction, that is, λ = 0 for a single column, and mark the newly added number of layers and its corresponding data at the corresponding position in the container general arrangement drawing;

[0041] S9: Whether to consider the layer correction at the position of a single 20-foot container. If the correction is not considered, skip this step (usually to improve the modular transportation economy and the reduction of the vehicle loading utilization rate of the space at the position of a single 20-foot container on the container ship will lead to a decrease in the loading and unloading efficiency. It is recommended to skip this step). Otherwise, return to the above steps S7 and S8 and add the corresponding calculations when the inboard position number k of the cargo hold is odd in the formula, and mark the calculated values at the corresponding positions in the container general arrangement drawing;

[0042] S10: The total vehicle loading capacity N ck and total vehicle loading area A ckDetermine and complete the relevant quick calculations respectively according to the following formulas: According to the formula: (unit: vehicle) and

[0043] (unit: square meter);

[0044] The total number of vehicles N that the whole ship can carry and the total vehicle-carrying area A are determined. Complete the relevant quick calculations respectively according to the following formulas: (unit: vehicle) and (unit: square meter) to determine the specific values of the total number of vehicle-carrying capacity and the total vehicle-carrying area of the whole ship.

[0045] Example 1: For a container ship with a nominal 20-foot standard container capacity of 7086 TEUs (actually without 20-foot container position steps), according to the method of the present invention as follows Figure 4 The example invention design flow chart. Determine that the horizontal plane of the modular fixed vehicle device uses a single-layer plane equivalent to 2 40-foot container positions and individual single 40-foot single containers are used to hold vehicles. This loading height H is 2.2 meters. After calculation, it is determined that the number of standard vehicle types that this container ship can carry is 13,862 vehicles and the effective vehicle-carrying area can reach 117,200 square meters. It realizes that the single-ship standard vehicle transportation quantity of this ship increases by more than 95% (compared with using all containers to transport vehicles). And because the vehicle is fixed and hoisted onto the ship, there is no loss of the ro-ro ramp area compared with a vehicle carrier. When this container ship transports standard vehicles, the ratio of the effective vehicle-carrying area to the number of vehicles can reach 8.45, which is significantly better than this ratio of traditional vehicle carriers (the conventional design is generally between 8.2 and 8.4, and the larger this value, the higher the economy), and provides the necessary relevant data for completing the standard vehicle type loading layout plan of this container ship. The optimization process is as follows:

[0046] S1: According to the container position layout plan of a certain ship and the port crane capacity, etc., step S1 of the method of the present invention determines that the external dimensions of the modular fixed vehicle device adopted by this ship are 12.192 meters in length, 4.958 meters in width, and H is 2.2 meters. Individual single 40-foot single containers are used to carry vehicles;

[0047] S2: Since there is actually no 20-foot container position design for this ship, according to step S2 of the method of the present invention, jump to step S4; S4: According to step S4 of the method of the present invention, complete the transformation of the number of vehicles and the area at the 40-foot container position,

[0048] Obtain the corresponding N cki and A cki corresponding values and mark them on the corresponding container general arrangement drawing, and then perform relevant calculations respectively according to steps S5 and S6 of the method of the present invention;

[0049] S5: According to step S5 of the method of the present invention, complete the confirmation calculation of whether to correct the number of vehicle-carrying layers in the cargo hold, and obtain M1 at most positions of the cargo hold ckj = 1, that is, one more layer of vehicles can be added, and jump to step S8 of the method of the present invention;

[0050] S6: According to step S6 of the method of the present invention, complete the confirmation calculation of whether to correct the number of vehicle-carrying layers outside the cargo hold, and obtain M3 at most positions outside the cargo hold ck = 1, that is, one more layer of vehicles can be added, and proceed to step S7 of the method of the present invention;

[0051] S7: According to step S7 of the method of the present invention, complete the vehicle-carrying capacity N2 of the total newly added modular fixed vehicle device layer outside the cargo hold ck and the vehicle-carrying area A2 ck Quick calculation, and mark the newly added number of layers and its corresponding data at the corresponding position of the container general arrangement drawing

[0052] S8: According to step S8 of the method of the present invention, complete the vehicle-carrying capacity N1 of the newly added modular fixed vehicle device layer in the cargo hold ckj+2 and the vehicle-carrying area A1 ckj+2 Quick calculation, and mark the newly added number of layers and its corresponding data at the corresponding position of the container general arrangement drawing;

[0053] S9: Since there is actually no 20-foot container position design on this ship, skip step S9 of the method of the present invention;

[0054] S10: According to step S10 of the method of the present invention, complete the total vehicle-carrying capacity N ck and the total vehicle-carrying area A ck Determine, and mark the relevant data at the corresponding line number position of the container general arrangement drawing;

[0055] According to step S11 of the method of the present invention, complete the calculation of the total vehicle-carrying capacity N and the total vehicle-carrying area A of the whole ship, and obtain that the number of standard model vehicles that can be carried by this example ship is 13,862 and the effective vehicle-carrying area can reach 117,200 square meters.

[0056] When used for the economic evaluation of the vehicle adaptability of container ships, only calculate the number of standard model vehicles that can be carried according to the relevant steps in the present invention, that is, the vehicle-carrying area in the present invention does not need to be calculated, because the ratio of the effective vehicle-carrying area to the number of vehicles when container ships use modular fixed vehicle devices to transport vehicles will be significantly better than this ratio of traditional car carriers.

[0057] When used for a rough estimate of the economy of a container ship suitable for loading cars, steps S5 to S9 of the method of the present invention can be further simplified as follows: Measure the container height H1 from the general arrangement plan of the container ship, and calculate the number of container layers n required for adding one layer of the car frame, where n = [H / (H1 - H)+1] (H is the height of the modular fixed car device). According to the number of container layers n1 inside and outside the cargo hold on the general arrangement plan ki , calculate the newly added layers λ inside and outside the cargo hold respectively ki = [n1 ki / n] (the value of λ generally does not exceed 4). If λ = 0, there is no newly added layer. Otherwise, according to the value of λ ki , starting from the top layer and going downwards at the corresponding positions inside and outside the cargo hold on the general arrangement plan of the container ship, calculate the newly added vehicle loading capacity of each layer according to the rule of increasing the vehicle loading capacity of the top layer by one layer for every n layers, and mark it on the corresponding general arrangement plan of the container. The error of this estimation method generally does not exceed 1.5%.

[0058] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optimization method for modular transportation of automobiles on a container ship, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Preparation: Determine the general arrangement plan of the container ship. Based on the external dimensions of 20-foot and 40-foot containers, correspond to the maximum height H for transporting fixed vehicles. The kij in the formula are respectively the row position number k of the container position number code of the corresponding container ship, the layer position number i corresponding to the converted same-length container, and j is the column position number of the container position number code of the container ship. And the components of the container position number code that have no influence are omitted in the suffix. S2: According to the general layout plan, the number C of 20-foot containers that can be loaded alone ki Confirm, unit: box, when C ki = 0, jump to step S4; otherwise, proceed to step S3; S3: The vehicle loading capacity N at the position of the 20-foot container cki and the change in vehicle loading area A cki ; S4: Vehicles N are carried only at the 40-foot container positions cki and area transformation A cki ; S5: Correction of the number of vehicle decks in the cargo hold. Measure at the position of the column number j in the cargo hold where the row number k is even on the longitudinal layout diagram of the container numbers in the general arrangement plan of the container ship. The original total height H of the M ckj layers of 40-foot containers kj is determined, and the increased number of vehicle decks M1 in the height direction in the cargo hold is determined ckj . According to the formula: M1 ckj = [(H kj - M ckj * H) / H], unit: layer, to obtain M1 ckj . If M1 ckj = 0, jump to the following step S9; otherwise, jump to the following step S8; S6: Correction of the number of vehicle decks outside the cargo hold. Measure the total height H of the original M2 layers of 40-foot containers that can be loaded outside the cargo hold at the position with row position number k on the longitudinal layout drawing of the number of containers in the general arrangement drawing of the container ship. ck Determine the increased number of vehicle decks M3 in the height direction outside the cargo hold. k2 Since the bottoms of the containers outside the cargo hold are all on the same plane, according to the formula without considering the influence of columns: M3 outside the cargo hold ck = [(H ck - M2 k2 * H) / H], unit: layer, to obtain M3. ck If M3 ck = 0, then jump to the following step S9; otherwise, proceed to the following step S7. ck ​ S7: The vehicle-carrying capacity N2 of the total newly added modular fixed vehicle device layer outside the cargo hold ck and the vehicle-carrying area A2 ck Quick determination: The newly added number of layers M3 ck The total newly added vehicle-carrying capacity and the total newly added vehicle-carrying area are taken as the relevant quantities corresponding to the topmost layer in the same position multiplied by the newly added number of layers. The formulas are respectively: N2 ck = M3 ck * N cki , unit: vehicle, N cki is taken as the single-layer vehicle-carrying capacity obtained according to the above step S4 at the position of the layer with the largest i value corresponding to the out-of-cargo hold row number K, and A2 ck = M3 ck * A cki , unit: square meter, A cki is taken as the single-layer maximum vehicle-carrying area obtained according to the above step S4 at the position of the layer with the largest i value corresponding to the out-of-cargo hold row number K, and is marked at the corresponding position in the container general layout drawing; S8: The vehicle loading capacity N1 of the total newly added modular fixed vehicle device layer in the cargo hold ckj+2 and the vehicle loading area A1 ckj+2 Determine quickly; S9: Whether to consider the layer correction at the single 20-foot container. If the correction is not considered, skip this step. Otherwise, return to the above steps S7 and S8 and add the corresponding calculation when the row position number k in the cargo hold is odd in the formula, and mark the calculated value at the corresponding position in the general arrangement plan of the container. S10: Total vehicle loading capacity N at each line number position ck and total vehicle loading area A ck are determined, and relevant quick calculations are completed respectively according to the following formulas: According to the formula: Unit: vehicle and Unit: square meter; S11: Determine the number of vehicles N that can be carried by the entire ship and the total vehicle-carrying area A, and complete the relevant rapid optimization respectively according to the following formula: Unit: vehicles and Unit: square meters, and determine the specific values of the number of vehicles that can be carried by the entire ship and the total vehicle-carrying area.

2. The optimized method for modular transportation of vehicles by a container ship according to claim 1, characterized in that, Steps S5 to S9 are simplified as follows: Measure the container height H1 from the general arrangement plan of the container ship, calculate the number of container layers n required for adding one more layer of vehicle frames, where n = [H / (H1 - H) + 1], and based on the number of container layers n1 inside and outside the cargo hold in the general arrangement plan ki , respectively determine the newly added layers λ inside and outside the cargo hold ki = [n1 ki / n].

3. The optimized method for modular transportation of vehicles by container ships according to claim 2, characterized in that In the simplification of steps S5 to S9, the value of λ generally does not exceed 4. If λ = 0, there is no new layer. Otherwise, according to the value of λ ki The vehicle carrying capacity of the new layer is determined according to the rule of increasing the vehicle carrying capacity of the top layer by one for every n layers from the top down, corresponding to the positions inside and outside the cargo holds on the general arrangement plan of the container ship, and marked on the corresponding general arrangement plan of the containers.

4. The optimization method for modular transportation of automobiles on a container ship according to claim 1, characterized in that In steps S3 and S4, if there is no initial value η, it can be defaulted to 1.

0.

5. The optimization method for modular transportation of automobiles by a container ship according to claim 1, characterized in that, The value taken in step S1 is between 1.8 meters and 2.5 meters.

6. The optimized method for modular transportation of automobiles by a container ship according to claim 1, wherein In step S1, determine the general arrangement plan of the container ship and select the ISO 9711-1:1990 standard.

7. The optimization method for modular transportation of vehicles on a container ship according to claim 1, wherein, The number C of 20-foot containers in step S3 ki , unit: box, equivalently corresponds to the number N of car carriers cki and the car carrier area A cki transforms, and the transformation formulas are respectively: N cki = [1.5 * C ki + 0.1], unit: vehicle, and A cki = 14.5 * η * C ki , unit: square meter; η is the correction coefficient for the space occupied by the internal components of the used modular fixed vehicle device, and its value usually ranges from 0.97 to 1.03; And mark it on the corresponding general arrangement plan of the container; In step S4, according to the number of 40-foot containers D that can be loaded on each layer at the position of the row number k ki , the equivalent corresponding number of car carriers N cki and the car carrier area A cki The transformation formulas are respectively: N cki =[3.5*D ki -0.6], unit: vehicle; and A cki =29.6*η*D ki ; unit: square meter, where η is the correction coefficient for the internal component space occupancy of the used modular fixed vehicle device, and its value is usually between 0.97 and 1.03; And mark it on the corresponding general arrangement plan of the container, and then complete the confirmation of the corrected number of vehicle-carrying layers in the cargo hold according to the following steps S5 and S6 respectively.

8. The optimization method for modular transportation of automobiles by a container ship according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S8, quickly determine according to the formula: N1 ckj+2 = λ * N ckj+2 , unit: vehicle, N ckj+2 is taken as the single-layer vehicle loading capacity obtained by the above step S2 or S3 at the uppermost position of the adjacent column in column j corresponding to the in-cargo hold row position number K; and A1 ckj+2 = λ * A ckj+2 , unit: square meter, A ckj+2 is taken as the single-layer maximum vehicle loading area obtained by the above step S2 or S3 at the uppermost position of the adjacent column in column j corresponding to the in-cargo hold row position number K. In the formula, λ is the correction function of the actual additional layer that can be added by the vehicle frame in the ship width direction. When M1 ckj = M1 ckj+2 , λ = 1. Otherwise, determine λ according to the following formula, λ = min(M1 ckj , M1 ckj+2 ). λ is only determined by considering that the row position number k at the 40-foot container position is even and every 2 groups are combined into 1 group. When there is only 1 column left in the end, there is no additional layer correction, that is, λ of a single column = 0, and mark the additional number of layers and its corresponding data at the corresponding position of the container general arrangement drawing.

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