A comprehensive purification system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas using sodium-based dry deacidification

Abstract

The present invention discloses a comprehensive purification system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas using sodium-based dry deacidification, comprising a deacidification tower, a rotary atomizer symmetrically fixedly installed in the deacidification tower, a discharge port provided at the lower end of the deacidification tower, a crusher fixedly installed in the discharge port, a mounting plate fixedly installed horizontally in the deacidification tower, a support rod fixedly installed on the surface of the mounting plate, a conical guide block fixedly installed on the end of the support rod away from the mounting plate, a rotating block rotatably sleeved on the surface of the support rod, fan blades symmetrically fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating block, and a first scraper fixedly installed on the end of two of the fan blades away from the rotating block. In the present invention, the support rod, the rotating block, the fan blades, the first scraper and the crusher cooperate with each other to drive the first scraper to slide relative to the inner wall of the deacidification tower, thereby effectively cleaning the calcium chloride, calcium sulfite and other salts produced by the reaction of lime slurry attached to the inner wall of the deacidification tower with acidic gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flue gas purification, and in particular to a comprehensive hazardous waste incineration flue gas purification system utilizing sodium-based dry deacidification. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the hazardous waste field has ushered in a period of rapid development. The flue gas generated by hazardous waste incineration contains various harmful components. In waste incineration power plants, the flue gas purification system usually adopts rotary spray semi-dry method, activated carbon injection and bag dust removal flue gas purification methods. The desulfurizer mainly uses lime slurry. The lime slurry is atomized into 30-60um droplets through a rotary atomizer and enters the deacidification tower to react with pollutants such as sulfides and hydrides in the flue gas.

[0003] However, in the daily operation of the deacidification tower, due to the low solubility of calcium hydroxide, which is only 0.165g / 100g in water at 20°C, precipitation and scaling are prone to occur, causing blockage of the lime slurry delivery pipe and slurry flow interruption. In the flue gas at 195-220°C, the water in the lime slurry evaporates rapidly, which easily causes scaling on the inner wall of the deacidification tower. At the same time, salts such as calcium chloride and calcium sulfite produced by the reaction of lime slurry with acidic gas will also scale on the inner wall of the deacidification tower. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the following shortcomings in the prior art: during the daily operation of the deacidification tower, due to the low solubility of calcium hydroxide, which is only 0.165g / 100g in water at 20°C, precipitation and scaling are prone to occur, resulting in blockage of the lime slurry conveying pipe and slurry flow interruption. In the flue gas at 195-220°C, the water content of the lime slurry evaporates rapidly, which easily causes scaling on the inner wall of the deacidification tower. At the same time, salts such as calcium chloride and calcium sulfite produced by the reaction of the lime slurry with the acidic gas will also scale on the inner wall of the deacidification tower. Therefore, a comprehensive purification system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas using sodium-based dry deacidification is proposed.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A comprehensive purification system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas using sodium-based dry deacidification, comprising a deacidification tower, a flue gas inlet being provided at the upper end of the deacidification tower, a flue gas outlet being provided at the lower end of the deacidification tower, a flue gas duct being fixedly installed at the flue gas outlet, a reaction duct being fixedly installed at the end of the flue gas duct away from the deacidification tower, and a bag dust collector being fixedly installed at the end of the reaction duct away from the flue gas duct;

[0007] A rotary atomizer is symmetrically fixedly installed in the deacidification tower, a discharge port is opened at the lower end of the deacidification tower, a crusher is fixedly installed in the discharge port, a discharge pipe is fixedly installed at the lower end of the crusher, a discharge valve is fixedly installed in the discharge pipe, a mounting plate is horizontally fixedly installed in the deacidification tower, a support rod is fixedly installed on the surface of the mounting plate, a conical guide block is fixedly installed on the end of the support rod away from the mounting plate, a rotating block is rotatably sleeved on the surface of the support rod, fan blades are symmetrically fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating block, two first scrapers are fixedly installed on the end of the two fan blades away from the rotating block, and the two first scrapers are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the deacidification tower.

[0008] Preferably, the two rotary atomizers spray cooling water and lime slurry respectively, and a U-shaped bracket is symmetrically fixedly installed on the upper end of the deacidification tower. A plurality of telescopic springs are fixedly installed on the surface of the two brackets, and a cleaning strip is fixedly installed on one end of the plurality of telescopic springs away from the bracket.

[0009] Preferably, a filter plate is fixedly installed in the smoke outlet.

[0010] Preferably, injectors are symmetrically fixedly installed on the surface of the reaction pipe, and the nozzles of the two injectors are both connected to the reaction pipe, and the two injectors inject activated carbon and slaked lime respectively.

[0011] Preferably, support rods are fixedly installed at both ends of the reaction pipe orifice, a rotating rod is rotatably installed between the two support rods, a plurality of stirring blades are fixedly sleeved on the surface of the rotating rod, a plurality of stirring blades have slide grooves at both ends, two limiting columns are slidably installed in the plurality of slide grooves, connecting rods are fixedly installed on the surfaces of the two limiting columns, the connecting rods are in sliding contact with the stirring blades, a second scraper is fixedly installed on the end of the connecting rod away from the stirring blades, and the two second scrapers are in sliding contact with the reaction pipe.

[0012] Preferably, an ash hopper is provided at the lower portion of the bag-type dust collector, an ash discharge device is fixedly installed in the dust outlet of the bag-type dust collector, and a vibration device is provided at the upper portion of the bag-type dust collector.

[0013] Preferably, a baffle is fixedly mounted on the surface of the ash hopper, and the baffle is located at the dust gas inlet of the bag filter.

[0014] Preferably, an inspection port is provided on the surface of the deacidification tower, a sealing door is rotatably installed at the inspection port, a sealing gasket is fixedly installed on the surface of the sealing door, and the sealing gasket is made of silicone material.

[0015] Preferably, the first scraper strip is fixedly connected to the fan blade via screw and nut fixings.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Through the cooperation of the support rod, rotating block, fan blade, first scraper and crusher, when the flue gas enters the deacidification tower, the impact force of the flue gas drives the fan blade to rotate, and then drives the first scraper to slide relative to the inner wall of the deacidification tower, which can effectively clean the calcium chloride, calcium sulfite and other salts produced by the reaction of lime slurry attached to the inner wall of the deacidification tower with acidic gas, and then crush them by the crusher.

[0018] 2. Through the mutual cooperation of the rotating rod, stirring blade, limiting column, connecting rod and second scraper, when the flue gas enters the reaction pipe, the impact force of the flue gas drives the stirring blade to rotate, and then under the action of centrifugal force, the connecting rod and the stirring blade slide relative to each other, and the second scraper moves toward the inner wall of the reaction pipe and slides relative to it, so that the flue gas fully reacts with the activated carbon and slaked lime injected by the injector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a partial front cross-sectional structure of a comprehensive hazardous waste incineration flue gas purification system utilizing sodium-based dry deacidification proposed by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of a reaction pipeline in a comprehensive purification system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas using a sodium-based dry deacidification method proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the middle part;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of B in the middle;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of C in the middle;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the locally enlarged structure of D in the middle.

[0025] In the figure: 1 deacidification tower, 2 smoke duct, 3 reaction duct, 4 bag filter, 5 rotary atomizer, 6 crusher, 7 discharge pipe, 8 discharge valve, 9 mounting plate, 10 support rod, 11 conical guide block, 12 rotating block, 13 fan blade, 14 first scraper, 15 bracket, 16 telescopic spring, 17 cleaning strip, 18 ejector, 19 support rod, 20 rotating rod, 21 stirring blade, 22 limiting column, 23 connecting rod, 24 second scraper, 25 filter plate, 26 ash hopper, 27 ash discharge device, 28 vibration device, 29 baffle, 30 sealing door, 31 sealing gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0027] Reference Figure 1-6 , a comprehensive purification system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas using sodium-based dry deacidification, comprising a deacidification tower 1, a flue gas inlet is provided at the upper end of the deacidification tower 1, a flue gas outlet is provided at the lower end of the deacidification tower 1, a filter plate 25 is fixedly installed in the flue gas outlet, a flue gas duct 2 is fixedly installed at the flue gas outlet, a reaction pipe 3 is fixedly installed at the end of the flue gas duct 2 away from the deacidification tower 1, and a bag dust collector 4 is fixedly installed at the end of the reaction pipe 3 away from the flue gas duct 2, the flue gas first enters the flue gas inlet of the deacidification tower 1, and the acidic gases such as hydrogen chloride and sulfur dioxide in the gas are preliminarily treated by the semi-dry treatment method of the deacidification tower 1, the treated gas enters the reaction pipe 3 through the smoke pipe 2, dry deacidification is carried out in the reaction pipe 3, the remaining acidic gas is fully reacted, and the deacidification effect is further improved, and finally the flue gas enters the bag dust collector 4, the acidic gas in the flue gas is finally deacidified, and heavy metals and dioxins are removed.

[0028] A rotary atomizer 5 is symmetrically fixedly installed in the deacidification tower 1, a discharge port is opened at the lower end of the deacidification tower 1, a crusher 6 is fixedly installed in the discharge port, a discharge pipe 7 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the crusher 6, a discharge valve 8 is fixedly installed in the discharge pipe 7, a mounting plate 9 is horizontally fixedly installed in the deacidification tower 1, a support rod 10 is fixedly installed on the surface of the mounting plate 9, a conical guide block 11 is fixedly installed on the end of the support rod 10 away from the mounting plate 9, a rotating block 12 is rotatably sleeved on the surface of the support rod 10, fan blades 13 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating block 12, and a first scraper 14 is fixedly installed on the end of the two fan blades 13 away from the rotating block 12, and the two first scrapers 14 are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the deacidification tower 1.

[0029] When the flue gas enters the deacidification tower 1 from the flue gas inlet, it quickly hits the conical guide block 11, thereby slowing down the flow speed of the flue gas and breaking up the flue gas. Then, the two rotary atomizers 5 spray cooling water and lime slurry into the deacidification tower 1 respectively. The cooling water can quickly reduce the temperature of the flue gas to about 150°. Then, at a suitable temperature, the sprayed lime slurry reacts with acidic gases such as hydrogen chloride to neutralize the flue gas, thereby performing preliminary deacidification. After deacidification, calcium chloride, calcium sulfite, etc. are produced. Salts adhere to the inner wall of the deacidification tower 1. When the flue gas after the reaction flows into the smoke duct 2, it drives the fan blades 13 to rotate on the support rod 10, and then the fan blades 13 drive the two first scraping strips 14 to slide relative to the inner wall of the deacidification tower 1, thereby cleaning up the salts adhered to the inner wall of the deacidification tower 1 and dropping them into the crusher 6 in a concentrated manner. The filter plate 25 can effectively prevent the scraped salts from falling into the smoke duct 2, and then the salts are crushed by the crusher 6, and finally the crushed salts are discharged through the discharge pipe 7 and the discharge valve 8.

[0030] The two rotary atomizers 5 spray cooling water and lime slurry respectively. A U-shaped bracket 15 is symmetrically fixedly installed on the upper end of the deacidification tower 1. Multiple telescopic springs 16 are fixedly installed on the surface of the two brackets 15. A cleaning strip 17 is fixedly installed at one end of the multiple telescopic springs 16 away from the bracket 15. Due to the low solubility of calcium hydroxide, the solubility in water at 20°C is only 0.165g / 100g, which is prone to precipitation and scaling, causing blockage of the lime slurry conveying pipe and slurry interruption. The rotary atomizer 5 drives a wear-resistant alloy atomizing disk through a high-speed motor, and the speed is generally 8000-12000r / min, which can atomize the lime slurry and cooling water to form droplets with extremely small particle size, effectively improving the neutralization reaction and cooling effect. When the rotary atomizer 5 rotates at high speed, the cleaning strip 17 in contact with the rotary atomizer 5 through multiple telescopic springs 16 rotates relative to the rotary atomizer 5 to clean its surface, thereby effectively preventing the lime slurry from precipitating and scaling and clogging the rotary atomizer 5.

[0031] Ejectors 18 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the surface of the reaction pipe 3. The nozzles of the two injectors 18 are connected to the reaction pipe 3. The two injectors 18 respectively inject activated carbon and slaked lime. Support rods 19 are fixedly installed at both ends of the pipe mouth of the reaction pipe 3. A rotating rod 20 is rotatably installed between the two support rods 19. A plurality of stirring blades 21 are fixedly sleeved on the surface of the rotating rod 20. Both ends of the plurality of stirring blades 21 are provided with slide grooves. Two limiting columns 22 are slidably installed in the plurality of slide grooves. A connecting rod 23 is fixedly installed on the surface of the two limiting columns 22. The connecting rod 23 is in sliding contact with the stirring blade 21. A second scraper 24 is fixedly installed on the end of the connecting rod 23 away from the stirring blade 21. The two second scrapers 24 are in sliding contact with the reaction pipe 3.

[0032] When the flue gas enters the reaction pipe 3 through the flue gas duct 2, the two injectors 18 in the reaction pipe 3 continuously inject activated carbon and slaked lime, which then react with the acidic gas in the flue gas to neutralize it. The activated carbon can effectively reduce dioxins and heavy metals in the flue gas. When the flue gas enters the reaction pipe 3, the flowing gas drives the stirring blade 21 to rotate, and then the second scraper 24 slides in contact with the inner wall of the reaction pipe 3 under the action of centrifugal force. The rotation of multiple stirring blades 21 can make the activated carbon and slaked lime react with the flue gas more fully, thereby improving the dry deacidification efficiency.

[0033] A ash hopper 26 is provided at the lower part of the bag collector 4, and a ash discharge device 27 is fixedly installed in the dust outlet of the bag collector 4. A vibration device 28 is provided at the upper part of the bag collector 4. A baffle 29 is fixedly installed on the surface of the ash hopper 26. The baffle 29 is located at the dust gas inlet of the bag collector 4. The flue gas after the secondary deacidification finally enters the bag collector 4. The baffle 29 can effectively slow down the flow rate of the flue gas, and the dust in the flue gas will fall into the ash hopper 26. The flue gas passes through the dust filter bag, and the acidic substances in the flue gas are finally deacidified, and the dioxins in the flue gas are adsorbed. When a large amount of dust is adsorbed on the surface of the dust filter bag, the dust on the dust filter bag is shaken off by the vibration device 28, and falls into the ash hopper 26 in a concentrated manner, and finally discharged by the ash discharge device 27. The treated flue gas is then discharged from the air outlet of the bag collector 4.

[0034] An inspection port is provided on the surface of the deacidification tower 1, and a sealing door 30 is rotatably installed at the inspection port. A sealing gasket 31 is fixedly installed on the surface of the sealing door 30. The sealing gasket 31 is made of silicone. The first scraper 14 and the fan blade 13 are fixedly connected by screw and nut fixings. When the deacidification tower 1 needs to be inspected, the sealing door 30 can be opened and inspected through the inspection port. The sealing gasket 31 is resistant to high temperatures and has a sealing effect on the sealing door 30. When the first scraper 14 is worn, it can be quickly disassembled and replaced by the screw and nut fixings.

[0035] In the present invention, first, the flue gas enters the deacidification tower 1 from the flue gas inlet, and quickly hits the conical guide block 11, thereby slowing down the flow speed of the flue gas and breaking up the flue gas. Then, the two rotary atomizers 5 respectively spray cooling water and lime slurry into the deacidification tower 1 for reaction. When the flue gas after the reaction flows into the smoke duct 2, it drives the fan blades 13 to rotate on the support rod 10, and then the fan blades 13 drive the two first scrapers 14 to slide relative to the inner wall of the deacidification tower 1, thereby cleaning up the salts attached to the inner wall of the deacidification tower 1 and dropping them into the crusher 6. The salts are then crushed by the crusher 6, and finally the crushed salts are discharged through the discharge pipe 7 and the discharge valve 8.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive purification system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas using sodium-based dry deacidification, comprising a deacidification tower (1), characterized in that: A flue gas inlet is provided at the upper end of the deacidification tower (1), a flue gas outlet is provided at the lower end of the deacidification tower (1), a flue gas duct (2) is fixedly installed at the flue gas outlet, a reaction duct (3) is fixedly installed at one end of the flue gas duct (2) away from the deacidification tower (1), and a bag dust collector (4) is fixedly installed at one end of the reaction duct (3) away from the flue gas duct (2); A rotary atomizer (5) is symmetrically fixedly installed in the deacidification tower (1), a discharge port is provided at the lower end of the deacidification tower (1), a crusher (6) is fixedly installed in the discharge port, a discharge pipe (7) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the crusher (6), a discharge valve (8) is fixedly installed in the discharge pipe (7), a mounting plate (9) is fixedly installed horizontally in the deacidification tower (1), a support rod (10) is fixedly installed on the surface of the mounting plate (9), a conical guide block (11) is fixedly installed on the end of the support rod (10) away from the mounting plate (9), a rotating block (12) is rotatably sleeved on the surface of the support rod (10), and fan blades (13) are symmetrically fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating block (12), two first scrapers (14) are fixedly installed on the end of the two fan blades (13) away from the rotating block (12), and the two first scrapers (14) are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the deacidification tower (1); The two rotary atomizers (5) spray cooling water and lime slurry respectively. A U-shaped bracket (15) is symmetrically fixedly mounted on the upper end of the deacidification tower (1). A plurality of telescopic springs (16) are fixedly mounted on the surfaces of the two brackets (15). A cleaning strip (17) is fixedly mounted on one end of the plurality of telescopic springs (16) away from the bracket (15). Support rods (19) are fixedly installed at both ends of the pipe mouth of the reaction pipe (3), and a rotating rod (20) is rotatably installed between the two support rods (19). A plurality of stirring blades (21) are fixedly sleeved on the surface of the rotating rod (20), and a plurality of stirring blades (21) are provided with a slide groove at both ends. Two limiting columns (22) are slidably installed in the plurality of slide grooves. A connecting rod (23) is fixedly installed on the surface of the two limiting columns (22), and the connecting rod (23) is in sliding contact with the stirring blade (21). A second scraper (24) is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod (23) away from the stirring blade (21), and the two second scrapers (24) are in sliding contact with the reaction pipe (3).

2. The comprehensive purification system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas using sodium-based dry deacidification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A filter plate (25) is fixedly installed in the smoke outlet.

3. The comprehensive purification system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas using sodium-based dry deacidification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface of the reaction pipe (3) is symmetrically fixed with injectors (18), and the nozzles of the two injectors (18) are both connected to the reaction pipe (3), and the two injectors (18) inject activated carbon and slaked lime respectively.

4. The comprehensive purification system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas using sodium-based dry deacidification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An ash hopper (26) is provided at the lower portion of the bag dust collector (4), an ash discharge device (27) is fixedly installed in the dust outlet of the bag dust collector (4), and a vibration device (28) is provided at the upper portion of the bag dust collector (4).

5. The comprehensive purification system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas using sodium-based dry deacidification according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A baffle (29) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the ash hopper (26), and the baffle (29) is located at the dust gas inlet of the bag filter (4).

6. The comprehensive purification system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas using sodium-based dry deacidification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An inspection port is provided on the surface of the deacidification tower (1), a sealing door (30) is rotatably mounted on the inspection port, a sealing gasket (31) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the sealing door (30), and the sealing gasket (31) is made of silica gel.

7. The comprehensive purification system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas using sodium-based dry deacidification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first scraper strip (14) and the fan blade (13) are fixedly connected via screw and nut fixing members.

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