A high-precision rotatable vertical machining center processing unit

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-precision rotatable vertical machining center processing unit, wherein a machine tool saddle is connected to a slide seat through a rotating shaft, a spindle box that slides up and down is arranged inside the machine tool saddle, a spindle motor on the front surface of the spindle box drives the spindle inside the spindle box to rotate; a servo motor is arranged at the rear end of the spindle box, the servo motor base is connected to the machine tool saddle, and the power part of the servo motor is connected to the spindle box; an arc-shaped rack is arranged on the rear end surface of the machine tool saddle, and the central axis of the arc-shaped rack coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft; a swing motor is arranged on the slide seat, and a backlash-eliminating gear mechanism is connected to the output shaft of the swing motor, and the gear in the backlash-eliminating gear mechanism meshes with the arc-shaped rack. The processing unit adopts an arc-shaped rack and a backlash-eliminating gear structure to realize the rotation of the spindle, and the transmission accuracy of the processing unit is improved by the backlash-eliminating gear structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a high-precision rotatable vertical machining center machining unit, belonging to the technical field of machine tool accessories. Background Art

[0002] At present, the machining unit of the rotatable vertical machining center is basically driven by a gear rack mechanism directly acting on the slide seat component to drive the slide saddle to rotate. The reciprocating gear rack mechanism is prone to tooth gaps when moving for a long time. In other words, the entire gear mechanism is prone to tooth gaps during operation, which affects the machining accuracy of the machine tool. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-precision rotatable vertical machining center machining unit, which adopts an arc-shaped rack and an anti-backlash gear structure to realize the rotation of the main shaft and improve the transmission accuracy of the machining unit through the anti-backlash gear structure.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the specific technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a high-precision rotatable vertical machining center processing unit, the machine tool saddle is connected to the slide seat through a rotating shaft, a spindle box that slides up and down is provided in the machine tool saddle, and a spindle motor on the front surface of the spindle box drives the spindle inside the spindle box to rotate; a servo motor is provided at the rear end of the spindle box, the servo motor base is connected to the machine tool saddle, and the power part of the servo motor is connected to the spindle box; an arc-shaped rack is provided on the rear end surface of the machine tool saddle, and the central axis of the arc-shaped rack coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft; a swing motor is provided on the slide seat, and an anti-backlash gear mechanism is connected to the output shaft of the swing motor, and the gear in the anti-backlash gear mechanism is meshed with the arc-shaped rack.

[0005] The output shaft of the swing motor is connected to the anti-backlash gear connecting plate through a flange plate, and the center of the anti-backlash gear connecting plate is coaxially connected to the central axis. An internal gear is provided near the end face of the anti-backlash gear connecting plate, and the internal gear and the central axis are processed coaxially as one, and the anti-backlash gear connecting plate is screwed to the end face of the internal gear; an external gear is coaxially arranged on the outer end face of the internal gear, and the center hole of the external gear matches the central axis; a number of circumferentially distributed through holes are provided on the end face of the external gear, and an axial tightening screw passes through the through hole and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole corresponding to the end face of the internal gear, and the diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the axial tightening screw; a coaxial cylinder is provided at the gear end of the external gear, and an eccentric countersunk threaded hole is provided on the cylinder, and an eccentric groove is provided at the end of the central axis, and a disc spring is provided in the groove, and the center axis of the eccentric countersunk threaded hole is consistent with the axis of the eccentric groove, and after the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the eccentric countersunk threaded hole, the bottom is tightened against the disc spring.

[0006] The cylindrical body is provided with a radial countersunk threaded hole, the inner thread of the radial countersunk threaded hole is connected with a radial tightening screw, and the bottom surface of the radial tightening screw is tightened on the outer circumference of the central axis.

[0007] A motor seat is arranged outside the swing motor, and a felt gear is connected to the motor seat via a rotating shaft, and the felt gear is in tangential contact with the inner gear and the outer gear.

[0008] The bottom of the arc-shaped rack is provided with a pressure plate fixedly connected to the machine tool slide saddle; a steel guide rail is provided on the slide seat, and the position of the steel guide rail corresponds to the pressure plate; a strip is connected to the pressure plate through a pin, and the two side surfaces of the strip are in contact with the steel guide rail and the pressure plate surface respectively.

[0009] The pressing plate is movably connected with an adjusting screw, the outer end of the adjusting screw is connected with a locking nut, and the inner end surface passes through the pressing plate and is pressed against the surface of the insert strip.

[0010] The pressure plate is provided with a hydraulic brake system, and its structure is as follows: a plurality of inner holes are provided in the pressure plate, a brake piston is sealed in each inner hole, and the outer end surface of the brake piston is in contact with the insert strip; an oil injection pipeline is provided on the pressure plate, and the branch pipelines on the oil injection pipeline are respectively communicated with the inner holes.

[0011] A gear clearance adjustment method for a high-precision rotatable vertical machining center machining unit comprises the following steps:

[0012] 1) First, the center shaft and the anti-backlash gear connecting plate are coaxially combined by bolts, and the internal gear and the center shaft are an integrated structure;

[0013] 2) Connect the anti-backlash gear connecting plate to the flange plate through circumferentially distributed bolts;

[0014] 3) Fit the outer gear coaxially on the central shaft and use axial tightening screws to preliminarily connect the outer gear and the inner gear;

[0015] 4) The combined external gear and internal gear are matched with the arc-shaped rack, so that the gear side of the internal gear contacts the side of the arc-shaped rack in one direction, and the adjusting screw is rotated. Driven by the eccentricity of the disc spring, the external gear rotates slightly and contacts the side of the arc-shaped rack in the other direction, and then the position is locked by the radial tightening screw;

[0016] 5) After the position of the external gear is determined, tighten the axial tightening screws one by one to ensure that there is no relative movement between the external gear and the internal gear, thus completing the anti-backlash adjustment work.

[0017] The high-precision rotatable vertical machining center machining unit of the present application adopts the above structure and has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The arc gear and anti-backlash gear mechanism are used to realize the rotation of the main shaft;

[0019] 2. The anti-backlash gear mechanism adopts a staggered internal gear and external gear structure to ensure seamless meshing with the arc-shaped rack, thereby improving transmission accuracy;

[0020] 3. The insert is set between the relative positions of the machine tool saddle and the slide seat, which not only ensures smooth operation but also has strong wear resistance;

[0021] 4. A hydraulic braking system is set inside the pressure plate. When it is rotated into place, braking can be achieved in real time to ensure rotation accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the machining unit of a high-precision rotatable vertical machining center.

[0023] Figure 2 This is the connection structure diagram of the anti-backlash gear mechanism.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 BB cross-sectional view.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the pressure plate.

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 CC cross-sectional view.

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the hydraulic brake system structure in the pressure plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a high-precision rotatable vertical machining center processing unit has the following structure: a machine tool saddle 2 is connected to a slide seat 1 through a rotating shaft 5, a spindle box 3 that slides up and down is provided in the machine tool saddle 2, and a spindle motor 6 on the front surface of the spindle box 3 drives the spindle inside the spindle box 3 to rotate; a servo motor 7 is provided at the rear end of the spindle box 3, the base of the servo motor 7 is connected to the machine tool saddle 2, and the power part of the servo motor 7 is connected to the spindle box 3; an arc-shaped rack 9 is provided on the rear end surface of the machine tool saddle 2, and the central axis of the arc-shaped rack 9 coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft 5; a swing motor 4 is provided on the slide seat 1, and an anti-backlash gear mechanism 10 is connected to the output shaft of the swing motor 4, and the gear in the anti-backlash gear mechanism 10 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 9. The servo motor 7 drives the spindle box 3 to move up and down in the machine tool saddle 2; the machine tool saddle 2 rotates around the rotating shaft 5 through the swing motor 4 and the anti-backlash gear mechanism, so that the spindle motor drives the spindle to rotate a certain angle to process parts.

[0030] like Figure 4As shown, the output shaft of the swing motor 4 is connected to the anti-backlash gear connecting plate 4-2 through a flange 4-1, the center of the anti-backlash gear connecting plate 4-2 is coaxially connected to the central shaft 4-4, an internal gear 4-3 is provided near the end face of the anti-backlash gear connecting plate 4-2, the internal gear 4-3 and the central shaft 4-4 are coaxially processed as one body, and the anti-backlash gear connecting plate 4-2 is screwed to the end face of the internal gear 4-3; an external gear 4-5 is coaxially provided on the outer end face of the internal gear 4-3, and the center hole of the external gear 4-5 cooperates with the central shaft 4-4; a plurality of circumferentially divided The through hole of the cloth, the axial tightening screw 4-6 passes through the through hole, and is threadedly connected with the threaded hole corresponding to the end face of the inner gear 4-3, and the diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the axial tightening screw 4-6; a coaxial cylinder 4-7 is provided at the gear end of the outer gear 4-5, an eccentric countersunk threaded hole is provided on the cylinder 4-7, an eccentric groove is provided at the end of the central axis 4-4, a disc spring 4-8 is provided in the groove, the central axis of the eccentric countersunk threaded hole is consistent with the axis of the eccentric groove, and after the adjusting screw 4-9 is threadedly connected with the eccentric countersunk threaded hole, the bottom is tightened with the disc spring 4-8. In order to ensure that there is no gap in the meshing transmission with the arc rack 9, the outer gear 4-5 produces a slight deflection during the process of compressing the disc spring 4-8 with the adjusting screw 4-9, so that the inner gear 4-3 and the outer gear 4-5 produce a relative angle, so as to achieve a gap-free fit with the arc rack 9. The eccentric effect of the disc spring 4-8 is used in the adjustment process, so the adjustment amount is controllable, and flexible adjustment is achieved.

[0031] The cylindrical body 4-7 is provided with a radial countersunk threaded hole, the inner thread of the radial countersunk threaded hole is connected with a radial tightening screw 4-10, and the bottom surface of the radial tightening screw 4-10 is tightened against the outer circumference of the central axis 4-4.

[0032] The swing motor 4 is provided with a motor seat 4-11 on the outside, and the motor seat 4-11 is connected with a felt gear 4-12 through a rotating shaft, and the felt gear 4-12 is in tangential contact with the inner gear 4-3 and the outer gear 4-5. Lubricating oil is provided on the felt gear 4-5 to ensure the lubrication of the gear rack mechanism and reduce the wear of the gear rack mechanism, so as to ensure that the gear rack mechanism works smoothly during movement and avoid errors caused by the gap between teeth, thereby affecting the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0033] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the bottom of the arc-shaped rack 9 is provided with a pressing plate 6-1 fixedly connected to the machine tool slide saddle 2; a steel guide rail 6-5 is provided on the slide seat 1, and the position of the steel guide rail 6-5 corresponds to the pressing plate 6-1; the insert 6-4 is connected to the pressing plate 6-1 through a latch 6-6, and the two side surfaces of the insert 6-4 are in contact with the steel guide rail 6-5 and the surface of the pressing plate 6-1 respectively. The pressing plate 6-1 is movably connected with an adjustment screw 6-3, the outer end of the adjustment screw 6-3 is connected to a locking nut 6-2, and the inner end surface passes through the pressing plate 6-1 and is pressed against the surface of the insert 6-4. The adjustment screw 6-3 installed on the pressure plate 6-1 is used to adjust the fit between the inlay strip and the steel guide rail. When the saddle 2 rotates for a certain period of time, a gap is likely to occur between the inlay strip and the steel guide rail, affecting the accuracy. By adjusting the adjustment screw 6-3 of the inlay strip clamping structure, the gap between the inlay strip and the steel guide rail can be adjusted to a certain extent without disassembly, thereby ensuring the stability and failure rate of the machine tool B axis, greatly reducing the machine tool error, and meeting the user's requirements for easy maintenance.

[0034] like Figure 7 As shown, the pressure plate is provided with a hydraulic brake system, and its structure is as follows: a plurality of inner holes are provided in the pressure plate 6-1, and a brake piston 5-2 is sealed in each inner hole, and the outer end surface of the brake piston 5-2 contacts the insert strip 6-4; an oil injection pipeline 5-1 is provided on the pressure plate 6-1, and the branch pipelines on the oil injection pipeline 5-1 are respectively connected to the inner holes. When oil pressure is applied to the oil injection pipeline 5-1, the brake piston 5-2 moves toward the insert strip, pushing the insert strip 6-4 to move toward the steel guide rail 6-5, and the braking function is realized due to the increase of the contact surface pressure.

[0035] The gear clearance adjustment method of the high-precision rotatable vertical machining center machining unit is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0036] 1) First, the central shaft 4-4 and the anti-backlash gear connecting plate 4-2 are coaxially assembled by bolts, and the internal gear 4-3 and the central shaft 4-4 are an integrated structure;

[0037] 2) Connect the anti-backlash gear connecting plate 4-2 to the flange plate 4-1 through circumferentially distributed bolts;

[0038] 3) Coaxially fit the outer gear 4-5 on the central shaft 4-4, and use the axial tightening screw 4-6 to preliminarily connect the outer gear 4-5 with the inner gear 4-3;

[0039] 4) The combined external gear 4-5 and internal gear 4-3 are matched with the arc rack 9, so that the gear side of the internal gear 4-3 contacts the side of the arc rack 9 in one direction, and the adjusting screw 4-9 is rotated. Under the eccentric drive of the disc spring 4-8, the external gear 4-5 rotates slightly and contacts the side of the arc rack 9 in another direction, and then the position is locked by the radial tightening screw 4-10;

[0040] 5) After the position of the outer gear 4-5 is determined, tighten the axial tightening screws 4-6 one by one to ensure that there is no relative movement between the outer gear 4-5 and the inner gear 4-3, thus completing the clearance elimination adjustment.

Claims

1. A high-precision rotatable vertical machining center processing unit, characterized in that: The machine tool saddle (2) is connected to the slide seat (1) via a rotating shaft (5); a spindle box (3) that slides up and down is provided inside the machine tool saddle (2); a spindle motor (6) on the front surface of the spindle box (3) drives the spindle inside the spindle box (3) to rotate; a servo motor (7) is provided at the rear end of the spindle box (3); the base of the servo motor (7) is connected to the machine tool saddle (2); and the power part of the servo motor (7) is connected to the spindle box (3); an arc-shaped rack (9) is provided on the rear end surface of the machine tool saddle (2); the central axis of the arc-shaped rack (9) coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft (5); a swing motor (4) is provided on the slide seat (1); ), an anti-backlash gear mechanism (10) is connected to the output shaft of the swing motor (4), and the gear in the anti-backlash gear mechanism (10) is meshed with the arc-shaped rack (9); the output shaft of the swing motor (4) is connected to the anti-backlash gear connecting plate (4-2) through a flange plate (4-1), the center of the anti-backlash gear connecting plate (4-2) is coaxially connected to the center shaft (4-4), an internal gear (4-3) is provided near the end face of the anti-backlash gear connecting plate (4-2), the internal gear (4-3) and the center shaft (4-4) are coaxially processed as one body, and the anti-backlash gear connecting plate (4-2) and the end face of the internal gear (4-3) are screw-connected; -3) An external gear (4-5) is coaxially arranged on the outer end face, and the center hole of the external gear (4-5) cooperates with the center shaft (4-4); a plurality of circumferentially distributed through holes are arranged on the end face of the external gear (4-5), and an axial tightening screw (4-6) passes through the through hole and is threadedly connected with the threaded hole corresponding to the end face of the internal gear (4-3), and the diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the axial tightening screw (4-6); a coaxial cylinder (4-7) is arranged at the gear end of the external gear (4-5), an eccentric countersunk threaded hole is arranged on the cylinder (4-7), and an eccentric groove is arranged at the end of the center shaft (4-4), and a disc spring ( 4-8), the central axis of the eccentric countersunk threaded hole is consistent with the axis of the eccentric groove, and after the adjusting screw (4-9) is threadedly connected to the eccentric countersunk threaded hole, the bottom is tightened against the disc spring (4-8); the bottom of the arc-shaped rack (9) is provided with a pressure plate (6-1) fixedly connected to the machine tool slide saddle (2); a steel guide rail (6-5) is provided on the slide seat (1), and the position of the steel guide rail (6-5) and the pressure plate (6-1) correspond; the pressure plate (6-1) is connected to the insert (6-4) through a pin (6-6), and the two side surfaces of the insert (6-4) are respectively in contact with the steel guide rail (6-5) and the pressure plate (6-1) surface.

2. The high-precision rotatable vertical machining center processing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical body (4-7) is provided with a radial countersunk threaded hole, the inner thread of the radial countersunk threaded hole is connected to a radial tightening screw (4-10), and the bottom surface of the radial tightening screw (4-10) is tightened against the outer circumference of the central axis (4-4).

3. The high-precision rotatable vertical machining center processing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A motor seat (4-11) is provided outside the swing motor (4), and a felt gear (4-12) is connected to the motor seat (4-11) via a rotating shaft, and the felt gear (4-12) is in tangential contact with the internal gear (4-3) and the external gear (4-5).

4. The high-precision rotatable vertical machining center processing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure plate (6-1) is movably connected to an adjusting screw (6-3), the outer end of the adjusting screw (6-3) is connected to a locking nut (6-2), and the inner end surface passes through the pressure plate (6-1) and is pressed against the surface of the insert strip (6-4).

5. The high-precision rotatable vertical machining center processing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure plate is provided with a hydraulic brake system, and its structure is as follows: a plurality of inner holes are provided in the pressure plate (6-1), a brake piston (5-2) is sealed in each inner hole, and the outer end surface of the brake piston (5-2) is in contact with the insert strip (6-4); an oil injection pipeline (5-1) is provided on the pressure plate (6-1), and branch pipelines on the oil injection pipeline (5-1) are respectively communicated with the inner holes.

6. The gear clearance adjustment method of a high-precision rotatable vertical machining center machining unit according to claim 2, characterized in that The following steps are involved: 1) First, the central shaft (4-4) and the anti-backlash gear connecting plate (4-2) are coaxially assembled by bolts, and the internal gear (4-3) and the central shaft (4-4) are an integrated structure; 2) Connect the anti-backlash gear connecting plate (4-2) to the flange plate (4-1) by means of bolts distributed around the circumference; 3) The outer gear (4-5) is coaxially matched to the central shaft (4-4), and the outer gear (4-5) and the inner gear (4-3) are preliminarily connected by using an axial tightening screw (4-6); 4) The combined external gear (4-5) and internal gear (4-3) are matched with the arc-shaped rack (9) so that the gear side of the internal gear (4-3) contacts the side of the arc-shaped rack (9) in one direction, and the adjusting screw (4-9) is rotated. Under the eccentric drive of the disc spring (4-8), the external gear (4-5) rotates slightly and contacts the side of the arc-shaped rack (9) in another direction, and then the position is locked by the radial tightening screw (4-10); 5) After the position of the outer gear (4-5) is determined, tighten the axial tightening screws (4-6) one by one to ensure that there is no relative movement between the outer gear (4-5) and the inner gear (4-3), thus completing the backlash elimination adjustment.

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