Glass element for sound insulation of a vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a glazing element for a vehicle comprising a laminated glazing comprising two glass sheets and a soundproofing layer formed of a viscoelastic material and arranged between the two glass sheets, characterized in that the glazing element comprises a soundproofing layer temperature measurement device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to glass elements comprising laminated assembled glass for a vehicle, and more particularly to laminated assembled glass having sound insulation properties. Background Technology

[0002] Laminated glass is known to be used to manufacture windshields for vehicles. Laminated glass may comprise two glass sheets and an interlayer separating the two sheets, such as an interlayer formed of polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The PVB interlayer is ductile, so a crack in one glass sheet will not propagate to the other.

[0003] However, the sound insulation performance of this laminated glass is too low relative to the auditory comfort of vehicle users.

[0004] To address this, FR 2 990 948 describes a laminated glass assembly in which the intermediate layer comprises two PVB outer layers and a so-called "acoustic" inner layer disposed between the two outer layers, the inner layer having greater vibratory acoustic damping performance than the two outer layers. Specifically, the loss factor of the inner layer material... tanδ The loss factor is greater than that of the outer layer material. Therefore, the laminated glass described in FR 2 990 948, compared to other known laminated glasses, enables an increase in sound transmission loss through the laminated glass at frequencies greater than 2000 Hz.

[0005] However, when the ambient temperature decreases, especially when it is below 10°C, the sound transmission loss of this laminated glass decreases. (Reference) Figure 1 Curve (a) shows the sound transmission loss (STL) of a known laminated glass including an acoustic interlayer at a temperature of 20°C, and curve (b) shows the sound transmission loss of the same known laminated glass including an acoustic interlayer at a temperature of 13°C. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One object of the present invention is to provide a solution to prevent a decrease in sound transmission loss of laminated assembled glass when the ambient temperature changes.

[0007] In the context of this invention, this objective is achieved by means of a glass element for a carrier, the glass element comprising laminated glass, the laminated glass comprising two glass sheets and a sound-insulating layer formed of a viscoelastic material and disposed between the two glass sheets, the glass element comprising a sound-insulating layer temperature measuring device.

[0008] The invention is advantageously supplemented by the following features, which may be employed individually or in any technically possible combination thereof:

[0009] - The glass components include a sound insulation layer temperature regulation device.

[0010] - The glass element includes a closed-loop feedback regulator, a sound insulation layer temperature measuring device that measures the temperature of the sound insulation layer and transmits the temperature information to the regulator, and the regulator that transmits adjustment information to the sound insulation layer temperature regulating device.

[0011] - The glass element includes a control unit configured to: control a temperature measuring device to measure the temperature of the sound insulation layer, transmit the temperature information of the sound insulation layer to an adjuster, determine a value representing the difference between the temperature of the sound insulation layer and a setpoint temperature, preferably a predetermined optimal acoustic temperature, control the adjuster to determine adjustment information based on the value representing this difference, and transmit the adjustment information to a sound insulation layer temperature regulating device.

[0012] - Laminated assembled glass has a critical frequency f c Viscoelastic materials have the maximum loss frequency f p For a viscoelastic material at a predetermined temperature, within a frequency range of 50 Hz to 10 kHz, the maximum loss frequency is... f p loss factor tanδ The maximum, predetermined optimal acoustic temperature is equal to the critical frequency. f c Equal to the maximum loss frequency f p The temperature at that time

[0013] - Maximum loss factor of viscoelastic materials in the temperature range of 10°C to 60°C and in the frequency range of 50 Hz to 10 kHz. tanδ The real part E' of the Young's modulus of the material is preferably less than 5.8 x 10⁻⁶ in the temperature range of 10°C to 60°C and the frequency range of 50 Hz to 10 kHz. 7 N.cm -2 ,

[0014] - The laminated assembled glass includes a first outer surface and a fourth outer surface opposite to the first surface, and the acoustic layer temperature measuring device includes a first sensor configured to measure the temperature of the first surface and a second sensor configured to measure the temperature of the fourth surface.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention is a sound insulation method for a glass element. The glass element is a glass element according to an embodiment of the present invention. The glass element further includes a sound insulation layer temperature regulating device and a closed-loop feedback regulator. The sound insulation layer temperature measuring device is capable of measuring the temperature of the sound insulation layer and transmitting the temperature information of the sound insulation layer to the regulator. The regulator is capable of transmitting regulating information to the sound insulation layer temperature regulating device.

[0016] The method includes the following steps:

[0017] a) The temperature of the sound insulation layer is measured using a temperature measuring device.

[0018] b) Transmit the temperature information of the sound insulation layer to the regulator.

[0019] c) Determine the value representing the difference between the temperature of the sound insulation layer and the setpoint temperature, preferably the predetermined optimal acoustic temperature.

[0020] d) The adjuster determines the adjustment information based on the value representing the difference, and

[0021] e) The adjustment information is transmitted to the sound insulation layer temperature control device.

[0022] Advantageously, the assembled glass has a critical frequency. f c Viscoelastic materials have the maximum loss frequency f p For a viscoelastic material at a predetermined temperature, within a frequency range of 50 Hz to 10 kHz, the maximum loss frequency is... f p loss factor tanδ The maximum, predetermined optimal acoustic temperature is equal to the critical frequency. f c Equal to the maximum loss frequency f p The temperature at that time.

[0023] Advantageously, in step d), adjustment information is also determined based on information associated with at least one factor, which is selected from information on humidity inside the vehicle, temperature inside the vehicle, and the presence of water vapor on the laminated glass. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, which is purely illustrative and not restrictive, and should be read with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] - Figure 1 The diagram schematically illustrates the sound transmission loss of a known laminated glass assembly including a sound insulation layer at 20°C, as well as the sound transmission loss of the same laminated glass assembly at 20°C.

[0026] - Figure 2 A glass element according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated schematically.

[0027] - Figure 3 The loss factor of the acoustic layer of a glass element according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated schematically. tanδ Correlation with temperature of laminated glass

[0028] - Figure 4 A method according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated schematically.

[0029] In all figures, similar elements use the same reference numerals.

[0030] definition

[0031] Laminated assembled glass Critical frequency f c This means that the bending phase velocity of the laminated glass is equal to the frequency of the sound wave phase velocity incident on the laminated glass.

[0032] The material's " Loss factor tanδ This means: when a material has a complex Young's modulus E At that time, the imaginary part of Young's modulus of the material E'' With the real part of the Young's modulus of the material E' The ratio.

[0033] Material loss factor tanδ Also expressed as " η ", defined by the international standard ISO 18437-2:2005 (Mechanical vibration and shock - Characterization of dynamic mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials - Part 2: Resonance method, Part 3.2).

[0034] Dynamic characterization of materials is performed on viscosity analyzers such as MetWeber viscometers under the following measurement conditions to determine the real part of Young's modulus. E' and the virtual part E'' A sinusoidal load is applied to the material. The measurement sample formed from the material to be tested consists of two rectangular parallelepipeds, each with a thickness of 3.31 mm, a width of 10.38 mm, and a height of 6.44 mm. Each parallelepiped formed from this material is also referred to in the term shear “sample”. Excitation is applied with a dynamic amplitude of 6.5 μm around the rest position, covering a frequency range from 5 Hz to 700 Hz and a temperature range from -20 °C to +60 °C.

[0035] Viscosity analyzers enable the deformation of each specimen (each sample) under precise temperature and frequency conditions, and the measurement of the specimen's displacement, the force applied to the specimen, and its phase shift, which allows for the measurement of rheological variables characterizing the specimen material.

[0036] The use of measured values ​​makes it possible to calculate the Young's modulus of a material. E In particular, the real part of the Young's modulus of the material E' imaginary part of Young's modulus E'' This allows us to calculate the tangent of the loss angle (or the loss factor). tanδ .

[0037] "Laminated glass assembly" refers to a glass assembly comprising at least two glass sheets and an interlayer separating the two glass sheets, formed of a plastic material, preferably a viscoelastic plastic material. The interlayer, made of a plastic material, may include one or more layers of a viscoelastic polymer, such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). The interlayer is preferably made of standard PVB or acoustic PVB (such as single-layer or triple-layer acoustic PVB). Acoustic PVB may comprise three layers: two standard PVB outer layers and an inner layer with less rigidity than the outer layers. The inner layer may be formed of a material containing a greater proportion of plasticizer than the two outer layers. The loss factor of the inner layer may be greater than that of each of the two outer layers. The inner layer may, for example, comprise PVB. Detailed Implementation

[0038] refer to Figure 2 The glass element 1 for the carrier includes laminated glass 2. The laminated glass 2 includes a first glass sheet 3, a second glass sheet 4, and a sound-insulating layer 5 formed of a viscoelastic material. The sound-insulating layer 5 is disposed between the first glass sheet 3 and the second glass sheet 4. The glass element 1 includes a temperature measuring device 6 for measuring the temperature of the acoustic layer 5.

[0039] The first glass sheet 3 includes a first surface F1, which is the outer surface of the laminated glass 2. The first glass sheet 3 also includes a second surface F2, which is disposed on one side of the sound insulation layer 5 relative to the first glass sheet 3 and is opposite to the first surface F1. The second glass sheet 4 includes a third surface F3, which is disposed on one side of the sound insulation layer 5 relative to the second glass sheet 3. The second glass sheet 4 also includes a fourth surface F4, which is the outer surface of the laminated glass 2 and is opposite to the third surface F3 relative to the second glass sheet 4.

[0040] Intermediate layer 12

[0041] The laminated glass 2 may include an intermediate layer 12, which includes a sound-insulating layer 5. The intermediate layer 12 may include, for example, two plastic outer layers 13 formed of PVB, with the sound-insulating layer 5 disposed between the two plastic outer layers 13.

[0042] The sound insulation layer 5 can be formed of a viscoelastic material with a maximum loss factor in a temperature range of 10°C to 60°C and a frequency range of 50 Hz to 10 kHz. tanδ Greater than 0.6. Preferably, the real part E' of the Young's modulus of the material is less than 5.8 x 10⁻⁶ in a temperature range of 10°C to 60°C and a frequency range of 50 Hz to 10 kHz. 7 N.cm -2 .

[0043] The sound insulation layer 5 can be formed, for example, of PVB resin with a plasticizer mass ratio greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60%. The plastic outer layer 12 can be formed, for example, of PVB resin with a plasticizer mass ratio less than 25%, preferably between 18% and 22%.

[0044] Temperature measuring device 6 for measuring the temperature of acoustic layer 5

[0045] Temperature measuring device 6 is configured to measure the temperature of acoustic layer 5.

[0046] The temperature measuring device 6 may include a sensor arranged in direct contact with the acoustic layer 5 to directly measure the temperature of the acoustic layer 5. The temperature measuring device 6 may include a film or wire formed of a conductive material, arranged between the acoustic layer 5 and the first glass sheet 3 or the second glass sheet 4, and preferably arranged on the second surface F2. Measuring the conductivity of the conductive material film or wire enables the measurement of the temperature of the conductive material film or wire.

[0047] As a variation or supplement, the temperature measuring device 6 for measuring the temperature of the acoustic layer 5 may include a first sensor 10 configured to measure the temperature of the first surface F1 and a second sensor 11 configured to measure the temperature of the fourth surface F4. In this configuration, the glass element 1 may include a control unit configured to determine the temperature of the acoustic layer 5 based on the temperature information of the first surface F1 transmitted to the control unit by the first sensor 10 and the temperature information of the fourth surface F4 transmitted to the control unit by the second sensor 11. Preferably, the control unit determines the temperature of the acoustic layer 5 by calculating a thermal conductivity model in the laminated glass 2 based on the information transmitted by the first sensor 10 and the second sensor 11. The thermal conductivity model may represent at least one factor selected from: the temperature of the first surface F1, the thermal resistance of the first glass sheet 3, the thermal resistance of the sound insulation layer 5, the thermal resistance of the intermediate layer 12, the thermal resistance of the second glass sheet, and the temperature of the fourth surface F4. The thermal conductivity model may also represent the heat transfer through the layers forming the laminated glass.

[0048] The first sensor 10 and / or the second sensor 11 may be selected from at least thermocouples, infrared sensors, and temperature sensors inside and / or outside the vehicle cabin. The first sensor 10 and / or the second sensor 11 may include a film or wire formed of a conductive material, disposed between the first glass sheet 3 and the second glass sheet 4, or on the first surface F1, or on the second surface F4. Measuring the conductivity of the conductive material film or wire enables the measurement of the temperature of the conductive material film or wire.

[0049] The first sensor 10 and / or the second sensor 11 may be arranged on the first surface F1 and / or the second surface F4. The first sensor 10 and / or the second sensor 11 may be arranged in the housing formed by the rearview mirror, which is fixedly mounted on the fourth surface F4.

[0050] refer to Figure 3 The inventors characterized the loss factor of acoustic layer 5. tanδ The correlation with the temperature of the laminated glass 2. Curve (c) shows the loss factor for a temperature equal to 20°C. tanδ The evolution of the frequency of the acoustic wave incident on the laminated glass 2. Curve (d) shows the loss factor for a temperature equal to 10°C. tanδ The evolution of the frequency of the acoustic waves incident on the laminated glass.

[0051] Curves (c) and (d) each show the frequency of maximum loss. f p For a viscoelastic material at a predetermined temperature, within a frequency range of 50 Hz to 10 kHz, the maximum loss frequency is... f p loss factor tanδ Maximum. When frequencyf p Equal to the critical frequency of laminated glass 2 f c At this time, laminated glass 2 provides the best sound insulation. However, with temperature changes, the frequency... f p and critical frequency f c The difference may increase. Therefore, the glass element 1, including the temperature measuring device 6 for measuring the temperature of the acoustic layer 5, makes it possible to obtain information about the frequency. f p Information to reduce frequency f p Frequency with laminated glass 2 f c difference.

[0052] Temperature regulating device 7 for adjusting the temperature of sound insulation layer 5

[0053] refer to Figure 2 The glass element 1 may include a temperature regulating device 7 for regulating the temperature of the sound insulation layer 5. The temperature regulating device 7 may be a layer and / or a wire formed of a conductive material. Temperature regulation may be implemented by applying an electric potential to the end of the layer or wire via the Joule effect. The layer and / or wire may be arranged between the second surface F2 and the sound insulation layer 5, and / or between the sound insulation layer 5 and the third surface F3.

[0054] Temperature regulation device 7 may include temperature regulation devices for the vehicle's passenger cabin. Temperature regulation device 7 may include the vehicle's heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system.

[0055] Adjuster 8

[0056] refer to Figure 2 The glass element 1 may include a closed-loop feedback regulator 8. Preferably, the regulator 8 is a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) regulator. A temperature measuring device 6 for measuring the temperature of the sound insulation layer 5 is capable of measuring the temperature of the sound insulation layer 5 and transmitting the temperature information of the sound insulation layer 5 to the regulator 8. The regulator 8 is capable of transmitting adjustment information to a temperature regulating device 7 for adjusting the temperature of the sound insulation layer 5. Therefore, the temperature of the sound insulation layer 5 can be adjusted to a setpoint temperature. T s This makes the frequency f c The frequency of the laminated glass 2 is closer to its critical frequency than when there is no temperature control. f c Preferably equal to the critical frequency f c This improves the sound insulation performance of the laminated glass 2.

[0057] The control unit of the glass element 1 can be configured to control the temperature measuring device 6 to measure the temperature of the sound insulation layer 5 and transmit the temperature information of the sound insulation layer 5 to the regulator 8.

[0058] The control unit of glass element 1 can be configured to determine the temperature representing the sound insulation layer 5 and the setpoint temperature. T s The difference in value, setpoint temperature T s Preferably, the optimal acoustic temperature is predetermined. T opt .

[0059] The control unit of glass element 1 can be configured to control adjuster 8 to determine adjustment information based on a value representing a previously determined difference, and transmit the adjustment information to temperature regulating device 7 for adjusting the temperature of sound insulation layer 5. This allows the temperature of sound insulation layer 5 to be maintained at a setpoint temperature. T s Within the predetermined temperature range.

[0060] Predetermined optimal acoustic temperature T opt equal to the critical frequency f c Equal to the maximum loss frequency f p The temperature at that time. Preferably, the setpoint temperature. T s Included in ( T opt -4℃ to ( T opt Temperatures within the range of +4℃, especially those including ( T opt -2℃ to ( T opt Within a temperature range of +2°C, and more preferably, the setpoint temperature T s Equal to the optimal temperature T opt .

[0061] Sound insulation method 400 for glass element 1

[0062] refer to Figure 4 Another aspect of the present invention is a sound insulation method 400 for glass element 1.

[0063] Method 400 includes a first step 401, in which the temperature measuring device 6 measures the temperature of the sound insulation layer.

[0064] Method 400 includes a second step 402, in which the temperature information of the sound insulation layer 5 is transmitted to the regulator 8.

[0065] Method 400 includes a third step 403, determining the temperature representing the sound insulation layer 5 and the setpoint temperature. T s The difference in value, setpoint temperature T s Preferably, the optimal acoustic temperature is predetermined. T opt .

[0066] Method 400 includes a fourth step 404, in which the adjuster 8 determines adjustment information based on a value representing the difference.

[0067] Method 400 includes a fifth step 405, in which adjustment information is transmitted to a temperature control device 7 for adjusting the temperature of the sound insulation layer 5.

[0068] Therefore, by reducing the maximum loss frequency of the sound insulation layer 5 f p Critical frequency of laminated assembled glass 2 f c The difference can improve the sound insulation performance of glass element 1, especially laminated glass 2.

[0069] Improvement of the acoustic performance of glass element 1 when moisture appears on laminated glass 2

[0070] Under certain operating conditions of the vehicle, the maximum loss frequency of the sound insulation layer 5 f p Equal to the critical frequency of laminated glass 2 f c Temperature at time T opt It may be lower than the condensation temperature on the fourth surface F4. Preferably, the adjustment information is also determined based on information associated with at least one factor, which is selected from the humidity inside the vehicle, the temperature inside the vehicle, the temperature of the fourth surface F4, and information on the presence of moisture on the laminated glass 2.

[0071] Therefore, the sound insulation performance of glass element 1 can be improved, while preventing moisture formation on the fourth surface of laminated glass 2. Preferably, when the condensation temperature is greater than the optimal temperature... T opt At that time, the setpoint temperature T s It can be greater than or equal to the condensation temperature.

[0072] When the condensation temperature on the fourth surface F4 is greater than the optimal temperature T opt At this time, methods can be implemented to remove moisture from the fourth surface F4. These methods may include adjusting the temperature and / or humidity on the fourth surface F4 so that the condensation temperature on the fourth surface F4 is below the optimal temperature. Topt The steps to eliminate moisture may include adjusting the temperature and / or humidity in the vehicle's cabin so that the condensation temperature on the fourth surface (F4) is below the optimal temperature. T opt The steps.

Claims

1. A glass element (1) for a carrier, comprising laminated glass (2), the laminated glass (2) comprising two glass sheets (3) and a sound-insulating layer (5) formed of a viscoelastic material and disposed between the two glass sheets (3), characterized in that, The glass element (1) includes a sound insulation layer (5) and a temperature measuring device (6). Among them, the laminated assembled glass (2) has a critical frequency. f c Furthermore, viscoelastic materials have the highest loss frequency. f p , The glass element (1) further includes a sound insulation layer (5) and a temperature regulating device (7) to reduce the critical frequency. f c and maximum loss frequency f p The temperature of the sound insulation layer (5) is adjusted by the difference between the two.

2. The glass element (1) according to claim 1 includes a closed-loop feedback regulator (8), a sound insulation layer (5) temperature measuring device (6) capable of measuring the temperature of the sound insulation layer (5) and transmitting the temperature information of the sound insulation layer (5) to the regulator (8), and the regulator (8) capable of transmitting the adjustment information to the sound insulation layer (5) temperature regulating device (7).

3. The glass element (1) according to claim 2, comprising a control unit configured to: - The temperature measuring device (6) measures the temperature of the sound insulation layer (5). - Transmit the temperature information of the sound insulation layer (5) to the regulator (8). - Determine the value representing the temperature difference between the sound insulation layer (5) and the set point temperature. - The control adjuster (8) determines the adjustment information based on the value representing the difference, and - The adjustment information is transmitted to the sound insulation layer (5) temperature regulation device (7).

4. The glass element (1) according to claim 3, wherein, The setpoint temperature is the predetermined optimal acoustic temperature.

5. The glass element (1) according to claim 4, wherein, For a predetermined temperature of the viscoelastic material, within a frequency range of 50 Hz to 10 kHz, targeting the maximum loss frequency. f p loss factor tanδ At its maximum, the predetermined optimal acoustic temperature is equal to the critical frequency. f c Equal to the maximum loss frequency f p The temperature at that time.

6. The glass element (1) according to claim 1, wherein, Maximum loss factor of viscoelastic materials in the temperature range of 10°C to 60°C and in the frequency range of 50 Hz to 10 kHz. tanδ Greater than 0.

6.

7. The glass element (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The real part E' of the Young's modulus of viscoelastic materials is less than 5.8 x 10⁻⁶ in the temperature range of 10°C to 60°C and the frequency range of 50 Hz to 10 kHz. 7 N.cm -2 .

8. The glass element (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The laminated assembled glass includes an outer first surface (F1) and an outer fourth surface (F4) opposite to the first surface (F1), wherein the sound insulation layer (5) temperature measuring device (6) includes a first sensor (10) configured to measure the temperature of the first surface (F1) and a second sensor (11) configured to measure the temperature of the fourth surface (F4).

9. A sound insulation method for a glass element (1), wherein the glass element is the glass element according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the glass element (1) includes a sound insulation layer (5) temperature regulating device (7) and a closed-loop feedback regulator (8), the sound insulation layer (5) temperature measuring device (6) is capable of measuring the temperature of the sound insulation layer (5) and transmitting the temperature information of the sound insulation layer (5) to the regulator (8), the regulator (8) is capable of transmitting adjustment information to the sound insulation layer (5) temperature regulating device (7), the method comprising the following steps: a) The temperature measuring device (6) measures the temperature of the sound insulation layer (5). b) Transmit the temperature information of the sound insulation layer (5) to the regulator (8). c) Determine the value representing the temperature difference between the sound insulation layer (5) and the set point temperature. d) The adjuster (8) determines the adjustment information based on the value representing the difference, and e) Transmit the adjustment information to the sound insulation layer (5) temperature regulation device (7).

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The setpoint temperature is the predetermined optimal acoustic temperature.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, The assembled glass has a critical frequency f c Viscoelastic materials have the maximum loss frequency f p For a viscoelastic material at a predetermined temperature, within a frequency range of 50 Hz to 10 kHz, the maximum loss frequency is... f p loss factor tanδ At its maximum, the predetermined optimal acoustic temperature is equal to the critical frequency. f c Equal to the maximum loss frequency f p The temperature at that time.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein, In step d), adjustment information is also determined based on information associated with at least one factor selected from information on the humidity inside the vehicle, the temperature inside the vehicle, and the presence of moisture on the laminated glass (2).

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