A reversible esterification reaction control device that catalytically moves the reaction toward the product direction

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of chemical reaction preparation equipment, specifically a kind of reversible esterification reaction control device that catalytic reaction moves to product direction, including truss and electric control heating furnace installed on truss, truss is also installed with cooling mechanism, cooling mechanism is communicated with the inside of reaction dish;Reaction dish is also provided with feeding mechanism and acceleration mechanism, and acceleration mechanism cooperates with feeding mechanism and cooling mechanism.By the way of mechanical interlocking cooperation, the corresponding cooperation relationship between the gas circulation rate in reaction dish, cooling rate, stirring speed and the feeding rate of reactant is established, the faster the stirring speed, the feeding rate of reactant is followed up, at the same time, the gas circulation rate in reaction dish and the cooling rate of gas are also accelerated, to ensure that the concentration of reactant in reaction dish is constantly increasing, and product water is constantly reduced, which is conducive to the direction of product to promote reversible reaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a chemical reaction preparation apparatus, specifically a reversible esterification reaction control apparatus that controls the catalytic reaction to move towards the product. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of radiation curing technology, pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) has become a widely used multifunctional reactive diluent in the field of radiation curing due to its high double bond content, fast curing speed, and excellent solvent resistance of the cured film.

[0003] The most mature method for synthesizing PETA is the direct esterification of acid and alcohol. PETA is produced by reacting one part pentaerythritol with three parts acrylic acid; this reaction is reversible. To improve the yield of PETA, the concentration of reactants can be appropriately increased during the reaction, thus increasing the proportion of reactants. Alternatively, the amount of water in the product can be reduced to shift the reversible equilibrium towards the product side.

[0004] Currently, most industrial methods for producing PETA involve using a mixer to facilitate contact between the reactants acrylic acid and pentaerythritol, thereby increasing the reaction rate. Simultaneously, distillation is used to remove water, and reactants are continuously added during the reaction to ensure their concentration does not decrease. However, this method requires manual estimation of the stirring speed, dehydration rate, and amount of reactants added. These three factors cannot be correlated, hindering the reversible reaction from progressing towards the product stage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reversible esterification reaction control device that allows the catalytic reaction to move towards the product direction, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction moving towards the product direction includes a truss and an electrically controlled heating furnace mounted on the truss. A reaction vessel is detachably mounted on the electrically controlled heating furnace. A top cover is provided on the top of the reaction vessel. A first storage tank and a second storage tank are respectively sealed and connected on both sides of the top cover. The first storage tank is used to store powdered pentaerythritol, while the second storage tank is used to store liquid acrylic acid.

[0008] The truss is also equipped with a cooling mechanism that is connected to the interior of the reaction vessel to cool the water vapor products generated by the high-temperature reaction inside the reaction vessel and separate and remove them from the reaction vessel.

[0009] The reaction vessel is also equipped with a feeding mechanism and an acceleration mechanism. The acceleration mechanism works in conjunction with the feeding mechanism and the cooling mechanism. The acceleration mechanism is used to stir the pentaerythritol, acrylic acid, and a small amount of catalyst in the reaction vessel. The feeding mechanism is used to synchronously control the feeding rate of pentaerythritol and acrylic acid from storage tanks No. 1 and No. 2 into the reaction vessel.

[0010] The reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction moving towards the product direction as described above: a flat frame is installed on the truss, and a vertical frame is fixedly installed on the flat frame by triangular ribs and bolts. There are two vertical frames, and the two vertical frames are parallel to each other. A horizontal bracket is fixedly installed in the center of the vertical frame away from the reaction vessel.

[0011] The cooling mechanism includes a distillation flask mounted on the bracket. The distillation flask has a cylinder at the top and a sphere at the bottom. Both the cylinder and the sphere are hollow and interconnected. The hollow chamber inside the sphere forms a water storage chamber. The cylinder also has a spiral channel.

[0012] The cooling mechanism also includes a heat exchange component and a circulation component. The heat exchange component is used to cool the cylinder. The circulation component is connected to the inside of the reaction vessel to introduce the gas in the reaction vessel into the distillation flask. After being cooled and liquefied by the heat exchange component, the remaining gas is reintroduced into the reaction vessel.

[0013] The reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction moving towards the product direction as described above: the heat exchange component includes a heat exchange tube, the heat exchange tube having a spiral section and a curved section, the spiral section being adapted to a spiral passage, and both ends of the spiral section penetrating the spiral passage;

[0014] One end of the curved section is connected to one end of the spiral section, and the other end of the curved section is connected to the output end of the second pump body installed on one of the uprights; the input end of the second pump body is connected to the cold water tank through a conduit.

[0015] The reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction moving towards the product direction as described above: the circulation assembly includes a delivery tube connected at one end to the top of the distillation flask and a first pump body mounted on another stand;

[0016] The input end of the first pump body is connected to the other end of the delivery pipe, and the output end of the first pump body is connected to the inside of the reaction vessel through the top cover via the return pipe.

[0017] The interior of the reaction vessel is connected to the hollow interior of the distillation flask via an exhaust pipe at the center.

[0018] The impeller shaft of the second pump body is connected to the impeller shaft of the first pump body via a driven shaft and a No. 1 belt, and a motor is installed at the end of the first pump body.

[0019] The reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction moving towards the product direction as described above: two supports are fixedly installed inside the reaction vessel, the two supports are distributed vertically, and a perforation is provided in the center of the supports;

[0020] The acceleration mechanism includes a rotating shaft rotatably disposed at the center of the support, and multiple sets of helical blades are uniformly fixedly disposed on the rotating shaft along the circumference, with different sets of helical blades being equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0021] The upper part of the rotating shaft is equipped with a second bevel gear through a keyway and key engagement. The second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear. The first bevel gear is fixedly installed at one end of the drive shaft. The other end of the drive shaft passes through the reaction vessel and is sealed and rotates in cooperation with it.

[0022] One end of the drive shaft that extends out of the reaction vessel is connected to the impeller shaft of the first pump body via a second belt.

[0023] The reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction moving towards the product direction as described above includes: a step integrally provided on the rotating shaft, the step being rotatably fitted with the upper surface of the support; a bushing fixed below the support, the bushing being rotatably fitted with the journal of the drive shaft near the first bevel gear.

[0024] The reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction moving towards the product direction as described above: both the No. 1 storage tank and the No. 2 storage tank have a material port at the bottom; the width of the material port at the bottom of the No. 1 storage tank is one-third of the width of the material port at the bottom of the No. 2 storage tank.

[0025] The feeding mechanism includes a suspension beam that is horizontally fixed below the top cover. The suspension beam is fixed below the top cover by a hanger. Stops are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the suspension beam. The two stops are slidably arranged on both sides of the suspension beam and are slidably attached to the bottom of storage tank No. 1 and storage tank No. 2, respectively.

[0026] The feeding mechanism also includes an adjustment component that connects the rotating shaft and the stop member. The adjustment component is used to drive the stop member to slide along the suspension beam according to the rotation speed of the rotating shaft, thereby adjusting the discharge length of the material outlet.

[0027] The reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction moving towards the product direction as described above: the upper part of the rotating shaft is provided with a cavity, and the cavity extends through the top of the rotating shaft;

[0028] The control component includes a counterweight block that is slidably disposed in the cavity, support arms that are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the upper end of the rotating shaft, a sliding groove provided at the lower part of the support arm, a slider that is slidably disposed in the sliding groove, through slots that are symmetrically opened on both sides of the cavity, and pull rods that are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the counterweight block.

[0029] One end of the pull rod is hinged to the counterweight, the pull rod passes through the slot, and the other end of the pull rod is hinged to the slider;

[0030] A hollow top column is coaxially fixed above the counterweight by a thin rod. Connecting rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end of the top column. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the top column, and the other end is hinged to the stop.

[0031] The reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction moving towards the product direction as described above: The bottom of the electrically controlled heating furnace is provided with a heating plate, the bottom of the reaction dish is attached to the heating plate, and the reaction dish is placed on the electrically controlled heating furnace; the electrically controlled heating furnace is mounted on a truss through an integrated base frame, and an electrical control panel is integrated on the base frame. The electrical control panel is connected to the heating plate to control the heating power of the heating plate, thereby regulating the reaction temperature inside the reaction dish;

[0032] The bottom of the reaction vessel is also equipped with a drain valve.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: by using mechanical interlocking, a corresponding coordination relationship is established between the gas circulation rate, cooling rate, stirring and mixing speed and the reactant addition rate in the reaction vessel. As the stirring and mixing speed increases, the reactant addition rate also increases. At the same time, the gas circulation rate and the gas cooling rate in the reaction vessel also increase, ensuring that the reactant concentration in the reaction vessel continuously increases and the product water continuously decreases, which is conducive to the reversible reaction moving towards the product direction. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a reversible esterification reaction control device that catalyzes the reaction to move towards the product.

[0035] Figure 2 Another schematic diagram of a reversible esterification reaction controller that catalyzes the reaction to move towards the product direction.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reaction vessel in a reversible esterification reaction control device that catalyzes the reaction to move towards the product.

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A structural diagram from another perspective.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction vessel in a reversible esterification reaction control device that catalyzes the reaction to move towards the product.

[0039] Figure 6 In order to be in Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure after the reaction vessel has been removed.

[0040] Figure 7 In order to be in Figure 6 The diagram shows the structure after removing the top cover, separating the cavity and counterweight, and separating the storage tank from the stop.

[0041] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A structural diagram from another perspective.

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the heat exchange tubes have been removed from the distillation flask.

[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a partially dissected distillation flask.

[0044] In the diagram: 1. Truss; 2. Electrically controlled heating furnace; 3. Reaction vessel; 4. Storage tank No. 1; 5. Storage tank No. 2; 6. Distillation flask; 7. Delivery pipe; 8. First pump body; 9. Motor; 10. Return pipe; 11. Exhaust pipe; 12. Heat exchanger pipe; 13. Second pump body; 14. Rotating shaft; 15. Spiral blade; 16. Support; 17. First belt; 18. Driven shaft; 19. Second belt; 20. Transmission shaft; 21. First bevel gear; 22. Second bevel gear; 23. Cavity; 24. Counterweight; 25. Tie rod; 26. Slider; 27. Support arm; 28. Through groove; 29. ​​Top column; 30. Connecting rod; 31. Stop; 32. Cantilever beam; 33. Feed port; 34. Water storage chamber; 35. Spiral through groove; 36. Frame; 37. Slide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0046] Please see Figures 1-10 As an embodiment of the present invention, the reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction moving towards the product direction includes a truss 1 and an electrically controlled heating furnace 2 mounted on the truss 1.

[0047] The electric heating furnace 2 is detachably equipped with a reaction dish 3. The bottom of the electric heating furnace 2 is equipped with a heating plate, and the bottom of the reaction dish 3 is attached to the heating plate. The reaction dish 3 is placed on the electric heating furnace 2. The structure of the reaction dish 3 and the electric heating furnace 2 is similar to that of an electric rice cooker.

[0048] The electrically controlled heating furnace 2 is mounted on the truss 1 via an integrated base frame, on which an electrical control panel is integrated. The control panel is connected to the heating plate to control the heating power of the heating plate, thereby regulating the reaction temperature inside the reaction vessel 3. In this invention, the heating plate can raise the temperature inside the reaction vessel 3 from room temperature to 110–125 degrees Celsius during operation.

[0049] The reaction vessel 3 is provided with a top cover, and a No. 1 storage tank 4 and a No. 2 storage tank 5 are respectively sealed and connected on both sides of the top cover; wherein, the volume of the No. 1 storage tank 4 is one-third of the volume of the No. 2 storage tank 5, and the No. 1 storage tank 4 is used to store powdered pentaerythritol; while the No. 2 storage tank 5 is used to store liquid acrylic acid.

[0050] A cooling mechanism is also installed on the truss 1. The cooling mechanism is connected to the interior of the reaction vessel 3 to cool the water vapor products generated by the high-temperature reaction in the reaction vessel 3 and separate and remove them from the reaction vessel 3.

[0051] The reaction vessel 3 is also equipped with a feeding mechanism and an acceleration mechanism. The acceleration mechanism works in conjunction with the feeding mechanism and the cooling mechanism. The acceleration mechanism is used to stir the pentaerythritol, acrylic acid, and a small amount of catalyst in the reaction vessel 3. The feeding mechanism is used to synchronously control the feeding rate of pentaerythritol and acrylic acid from storage tank 4 and storage tank 5 into the reaction vessel 3.

[0052] It should be noted that a drain valve is also provided at the bottom of the reaction vessel 3.

[0053] In this invention, the pentaerythritol and acrylic acid in storage tank 4 and storage tank 5 are fed into reaction vessel 3 in a ratio of 1:3 by a feeding mechanism. Of course, before adding the reactants, a small amount of catalyst and polymerization inhibitor can be added to reaction vessel 3 according to the actual reaction rate requirements to prevent the polymerization of acrylic acid, one of the reactants, and pentaerythritol triacrylate, one of the products.

[0054] The reaction rate is accelerated by stirring the reactants pentaerythritol, acrylic acid, and a small amount of catalyst using an acceleration mechanism installed in reaction vessel 3.

[0055] Water, as one of the products in reaction dish 3, is evaporated into water vapor at a high temperature of approximately 110–125 degrees Celsius. The water vapor is then discharged from reaction dish 3 using an external cooling mechanism and condensed into liquid water droplets, which are then separated from reaction dish 3. This ensures that the water, as one of the reaction products, in reaction dish 3 is continuously decreasing, while the amount of pentaerythritol and acrylic acid continuously increases. This aims to increase the molar ratio of the reactants in reaction dish 3, while simultaneously reducing the water content in the products, which is beneficial for the reversible reaction to shift towards the products.

[0056] Because the accelerating mechanism works in conjunction with the feeding mechanism and the cooling mechanism, when the stirring speed of the accelerating mechanism in the reaction vessel 3 increases, the rate of reactant addition also increases, and the rate of removal of product water also increases.

[0057] After the reaction has been going on for 4 to 6 hours, turn off the electric heating furnace 2 and allow the reaction vessel 3 to cool naturally to room temperature. Then, remove the reaction vessel 3 from the electric heating furnace 2, open the drain valve, and drain the generated pentaerythritol triacrylate.

[0058] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a flat frame is installed on the truss 1, and a vertical frame 36 is fixedly installed on the flat frame by triangular ribs and bolts. There are two vertical frames 36, and the two vertical frames 36 are parallel to each other. A horizontal bracket is fixedly installed in the center of the vertical frame 36 away from the reaction vessel 3.

[0059] The cooling mechanism includes a distillation flask 6 mounted on the bracket. The distillation flask 6 has a cylinder at the top and a sphere at the bottom. Both the cylinder and the sphere are hollow inside and interconnected. The hollow chamber inside the sphere forms a water storage chamber 34. A spiral channel 35 is also provided inside the cylinder.

[0060] The cooling mechanism also includes a heat exchange component and a circulation component. The heat exchange component is used to cool the cylinder. The circulation component is connected to the inside of the reaction vessel 3 to introduce the gas in the reaction vessel 3 into the distillation flask 6. After being cooled and liquefied by the heat exchange component, the remaining gas is reintroduced into the reaction vessel 3.

[0061] Since water has a boiling point of 100 degrees Celsius, acrylic acid has a boiling point of 140.9 degrees Celsius, and pentaerythritol has a boiling point of 380.4 degrees Celsius, the temperature inside reaction vessel 3 during the reaction is 110–125 degrees Celsius. The gas in reaction vessel 3 mainly consists of air, water vapor, and a very small amount of gaseous acrylic acid. After the circulation component introduces the gas from reaction vessel 3 into distillation flask 6, the gas is cooled and heated by the heat exchange component, causing the water vapor and a very small amount of acrylic acid in the gas to liquefy and accumulate in the water storage chamber 34 in the spherical body; the remaining air, incompletely liquefied water vapor, and a small amount of incompletely liquefied acrylic acid are reintroduced into reaction vessel 3.

[0062] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange assembly includes a heat exchange tube 12, the heat exchange tube 12 having a spiral section and a curved section, the spiral section being adapted to the spiral passage 35, and both ends of the spiral section penetrating the spiral passage 35.

[0063] One end of the curved section is connected to one end of the spiral section, and the other end of the curved section is connected to the output end of the second pump body 13 installed on one of the uprights 36; the input end of the second pump body 13 is connected to the cold water tank through a conduit.

[0064] When the second pump body 13 is working, cold water from the cold water tank is pumped in through a conduit, then flows through the output end of the second pump body 13 into the bend on the heat exchange tube 12, and finally flows out through the spiral section. When the cold water passes through the spiral section on the heat exchange tube 12, it is cooled by the spiral passage 35, which exchanges heat with the gas passing through the cylinder, causing the water vapor and a small amount of gaseous acrylic acid in the gas to condense and liquefy, and drip into the spherical body to collect. The remaining gas re-enters the reaction vessel 3 through the circulation assembly.

[0065] It should be noted that the distillation flask in this invention is made of transparent glass.

[0066] As can be seen from the accompanying drawings of this invention, a rotary valve is also provided at the bottom of the spherical body; after the liquid in the spherical body accumulates to a certain volume, the liquid can be discharged by opening the rotary valve.

[0067] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the circulation assembly includes a delivery pipe 7 connected at one end to the top of the distillation flask 6 and a first pump body 8 mounted on another stand 36.

[0068] The input end of the first pump body 8 is connected to the other end of the delivery pipe 7, and the output end of the first pump body 8 is connected to the inside of the reaction vessel 3 through the return pipe 10 and the top cover.

[0069] The interior of reaction vessel 3 is connected to the interior of distillation flask 6 via exhaust pipe 11 at the middle position.

[0070] The impeller shaft of the second pump body 13 is connected to the impeller shaft of the first pump body 8 via a driven shaft 18 and a first belt 17. A motor 9 is installed at the end of the first pump body 8.

[0071] When motor 9 is working, it drives the impeller shaft of the first pump body 8 to rotate. At the same time, the driven shaft 18 is driven to rotate by belt 17, which ultimately drives the second pump body 13 to work, so that the two pumps work simultaneously, that is, circulating air and heat exchange drawing cold water in a synchronized manner. Compared with circulation and heat exchange being driven by two separate power sources, this avoids the waste of cold water and ensures that the circulating gas can be cooled in time.

[0072] When the first pump body 8 is working, the gas in the reaction vessel 3 is pumped into the distillation flask 6 through the exhaust pipe 11, and the cooled gas is reintroduced into the reaction vessel 3 through the delivery pipe 7 and the return pipe 10.

[0073] As a further embodiment of the present invention, two supports 16 are fixedly arranged inside the reaction vessel 3, the two supports 16 are distributed vertically, and a perforation is provided in the center of the supports 16.

[0074] The acceleration mechanism includes a rotating shaft 14 rotatably disposed in the center of the bracket 16. Multiple sets of spiral blades 15 are uniformly fixed along the circumference of the rotating shaft 14, and the different sets of spiral blades 15 are equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 14.

[0075] Note that a step is integrally formed on the rotating shaft 14, and the step rotates and fits in contact with the upper surface of the support 16. The step maintains the axial stability of the rotating shaft 14, preventing axial movement and ensuring a gap between the lower end of the rotating shaft 14 and the bottom of the reaction vessel 3, allowing the reacted product pentaerythritol triacrylate to drain through the drain valve. Simultaneously, the two supports 16 keep the rotating shaft 14 stably centered inside the reaction vessel 3, maintaining radial stability.

[0076] The upper part of the rotating shaft 14 is fitted with a second bevel gear 22 via a keyway and key engagement. The second bevel gear 22 meshes with the first bevel gear 21. The first bevel gear 21 is fixedly installed at one end of the transmission shaft 20. The other end of the transmission shaft 20 passes through the reaction vessel 3 and is sealed and rotated with it.

[0077] The drive shaft 20 extends out of the reaction vessel 3 and is connected to the impeller shaft of the first pump body 8 via a second belt 19.

[0078] When the impeller shaft of the first pump body 8 rotates, it can not only drive the impeller shaft of the second pump body 13 to rotate through the first belt 17, but also drive the transmission shaft 20 to rotate synchronously through the second belt 19, so as to realize the mechanical cooperation of the acceleration mechanism and the cooling mechanism.

[0079] In order to ensure the rotational stability of the drive shaft 20 and reduce the circumferential runout of the drive shaft 20 during operation, a bushing is fixed below the upper bracket 16. The bushing is rotated and fitted with the journal of the drive shaft 20 near the first bevel gear 21.

[0080] When the drive shaft 20 rotates, it drives the first bevel gear 21 to rotate, which in turn drives the second bevel gear 22 to rotate, ultimately driving the rotating shaft 14 to rotate. The rotating shaft 14 drives numerous spiral blades 15 to rotate. Because the spiral blades 15 have a spiral torsion angle, when they rotate, they can cause the liquid reactants in the reaction vessel 3 to rotate and stir, while also tumbling up and down. This increases the contact between the reactants and also facilitates the evaporation of the product water. Increasing the contact between the reactants can improve the reaction rate, while removing water can help the reversible reaction move towards the product.

[0081] As a further embodiment of the present invention, both the No. 1 storage tank 4 and the No. 2 storage tank 5 are provided with a material outlet 33 at their bottoms; the width of the material outlet 33 at the bottom of the No. 1 storage tank 4 is one-third the width of the material outlet 33 at the bottom of the No. 2 storage tank 5.

[0082] The feeding mechanism includes a suspension beam 32 that is horizontally fixed below the top cover. The suspension beam 32 is fixed below the top cover by a hanger. Stoppers 31 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the suspension beam 32. The two stoppers 31 are slidably arranged on both sides of the suspension beam 32, and the two stoppers 31 are slidably attached to the bottom of the first storage tank 4 and the second storage tank 5, respectively.

[0083] The feeding mechanism also includes an adjustment component that connects the rotating shaft 14 and the stop member 31. The adjustment component is used to drive the stop member 31 to slide along the suspension beam 32 according to the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 14, thereby adjusting the discharge length of the material outlet 33.

[0084] The faster the rotation speed of the shaft 14, the faster the rotation speed of the spiral blade 15, which increases the contact degree of the reactants and thus increases the reaction rate; that is, the consumption rate of the reactants also increases. At this time, by increasing the discharge length of the feed port 33 through the control component, the reaction rate of the first storage tank 4 and the second storage tank 5 is increased, ensuring that the concentration of the reactants continues to increase.

[0085] Since the width of the feed inlet 33 at the bottom of storage tank 4 is one-third the width of the feed inlet 33 at the bottom of storage tank 5, the ratio of the two reactants remains 1:3 when the feed rates of the two reactants change.

[0086] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a cavity 23 is provided in the upper part of the rotating shaft 14, and the cavity 23 extends through the top of the rotating shaft 14;

[0087] The control component includes a counterweight 24 that is slidably disposed in the cavity 23, support arms 27 that are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the upper end of the rotating shaft 14, a sliding groove 37 that is disposed at the lower part of the support arm 27, a slider 26 that is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 37, through slots 28 that are symmetrically opened on both sides of the cavity 23, and pull rods 25 that are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the counterweight 24.

[0088] One end of the pull rod 25 is hinged to the counterweight 24, the pull rod 25 passes through the through slot 28, and the other end of the pull rod 25 is hinged to the slider 26;

[0089] A hollow top column 29 is coaxially fixed above the counterweight 24 by a thin rod. Connecting rods 30 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end of the top column 29. One end of the connecting rod 30 is hinged to the top column 29, and the other end is hinged to the stop member 31.

[0090] When the rotating shaft 14 rotates, it drives the support arm 27 and the slider 26 slidably mounted on the support arm 27 to rotate as well. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the slider 26 pulls the counterweight 24 upward through the pull rod 25. The counterweight 24 drives the top column 29 to move upward through the thin rod, thereby driving the stop pieces 31 on both sides to slide synchronously along the suspension beam 32 with the help of the connecting rod 30, adjusting the discharge length of the material outlet 33. Moreover, the faster the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 14, the greater the centrifugal force generated by the slider 26, the longer the discharge length of the material outlet 33, and the faster the feeding rate.

[0091] In this invention, a mechanical interlocking mechanism is used to establish a corresponding relationship between the gas circulation rate, cooling rate, stirring and mixing speed, and reactant addition rate within the reaction vessel 3. This ensures that the faster the stirring and mixing speed, the faster the reactant addition rate. At the same time, the gas circulation rate and the gas cooling rate within the reaction vessel 3 also increase, ensuring that the reactant concentration in the reaction vessel 3 continuously increases while the product water continuously decreases, which is beneficial for the reversible reaction to proceed towards the product.

[0092] The above embodiments are exemplary and not restrictive. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction moving towards the product direction, comprising a truss (1) and an electrically controlled heating furnace (2) mounted on the truss (1), wherein a reaction vessel (3) is detachably mounted on the electrically controlled heating furnace (2), a top cover is provided on the top of the reaction vessel (3), and a first storage tank (4) and a second storage tank (5) are respectively sealed and connected on both sides of the top cover; the first storage tank (4) is used to store powdered pentaerythritol; and the second storage tank (5) is used to store liquid acrylic acid, characterized in that: A cooling mechanism is also installed on the truss (1). The cooling mechanism is connected to the interior of the reaction vessel (3) to cool the water vapor products generated by the high-temperature reaction in the reaction vessel (3) and separate and remove them from the reaction vessel (3). The reaction vessel (3) is also equipped with a feeding mechanism and an acceleration mechanism. The acceleration mechanism works in conjunction with the feeding mechanism and the cooling mechanism. The acceleration mechanism is used to stir the pentaerythritol, acrylic acid and a small amount of catalyst in the reaction vessel (3). The feeding mechanism is used to synchronously control the feeding speed of pentaerythritol and acrylic acid from storage tank 1 (4) and storage tank 2 (5) into the reaction vessel (3). A flat frame is installed on the truss (1), and a vertical frame (36) is fixedly installed on the flat frame by triangular ribs and bolts. There are two vertical frames (36), and the two vertical frames (36) are parallel to each other. A horizontal bracket is fixedly installed in the center of the vertical frame (36) away from the reaction vessel (3). The cooling mechanism includes a distillation flask (6) mounted on the bracket. The distillation flask (6) has a cylinder at the top and a sphere at the bottom. Both the cylinder and the sphere are hollow inside and interconnected. The hollow chamber inside the sphere forms a water storage chamber (34). A spiral channel (35) is also provided inside the cylinder. The cooling mechanism also includes a heat exchange component and a circulation component. The heat exchange component is used to cool the cylinder. The circulation component is connected to the inside of the reaction vessel (3) to introduce the gas in the reaction vessel (3) into the distillation flask (6). After being cooled and liquefied by the heat exchange component, the remaining gas is reintroduced into the reaction vessel (3). The reaction vessel (3) is fixedly provided with two supports (16), which are distributed vertically and have a perforation in the center of the support (16). The acceleration mechanism includes a rotating shaft (14) rotatably disposed in the center of the bracket (16), and multiple sets of spiral blades (15) are uniformly fixed along the circumference on the rotating shaft (14), with different sets of spiral blades (15) being equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (14). The upper part of the rotating shaft (14) is fitted with a second bevel gear (22) through a keyway and key. The second bevel gear (22) meshes with the first bevel gear (21). The first bevel gear (21) is fixedly installed at one end of the drive shaft (20). The other end of the drive shaft (20) passes through the reaction vessel (3) and is sealed and rotated with it. The drive shaft (20) extends out of the reaction vessel (3) and is connected to the impeller shaft of the first pump body (8) via a second belt (19); Both the No. 1 storage tank (4) and the No. 2 storage tank (5) have a material inlet (33) at the bottom; the width of the material inlet (33) at the bottom of the No. 1 storage tank (4) is one-third the width of the material inlet (33) at the bottom of the No. 2 storage tank (5); The feeding mechanism includes a suspension beam (32) that is horizontally fixed below the top cover. The suspension beam (32) is fixed below the top cover by a hanger. Stops (31) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the suspension beam (32). The two stops (31) are slidably arranged on both sides of the suspension beam (32), and the two stops (31) are slidably attached to the bottom of the first storage tank (4) and the second storage tank (5), respectively. The feeding mechanism also includes an adjustment component that connects the rotating shaft (14) and the stop (31). The adjustment component is used to drive the stop (31) to slide along the suspension beam (32) according to the rotation speed of the rotating shaft (14) to adjust the discharge length of the feed port (33).

2. The reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction shifting towards the product direction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange assembly includes a heat exchange tube (12), which has a spiral section and a curved section. The spiral section is adapted to the spiral passage (35), and both ends of the spiral section penetrate the spiral passage (35). One end of the curved section is connected to one end of the spiral section, and the other end of the curved section is connected to the output end of the second pump body (13) installed on one of the uprights (36); the input end of the second pump body (13) is connected to the cold water tank through a conduit.

3. The reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction shifting towards the product direction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The circulation assembly includes a delivery tube (7) connected at one end to the top of the distillation flask (6) and a first pump body (8) mounted on another stand (36). The input end of the first pump body (8) is connected to the other end of the delivery pipe (7), and the output end of the first pump body (8) is connected to the inside of the reaction vessel (3) through the top cover via the return pipe (10). The middle position inside the reaction vessel (3) is connected to the middle position inside the hollow part of the distillation flask (6) through the exhaust pipe (11); The impeller shaft of the second pump body (13) is connected to the impeller shaft of the first pump body (8) via a first belt (17), and a motor (9) is installed at the end of the first pump body (8).

4. The reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction shifting towards the product direction according to claim 3, characterized in that, A step is integrally provided on the rotating shaft (14), and the step is rotatably fitted with the upper surface of the bracket (16); a bushing is fixed below the bracket (16), and the bushing is rotatably fitted with the journal of the transmission shaft (20) near the first bevel gear (21).

5. A reversible esterification reaction control device for catalytic reaction shifting towards the product direction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper part of the rotating shaft (14) is provided with a cavity (23), and the cavity (23) extends through the top of the rotating shaft (14); The control component includes a counterweight (24) that is slidably disposed in the cavity (23), support arms (27) that are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the upper end of the rotating shaft (14), a sliding groove (37) that is disposed at the lower part of the support arm (27), a slider (26) that is slidably disposed in the sliding groove (37), through slots (28) that are symmetrically opened on both sides of the cavity (23), and pull rods (25) that are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the counterweight (24). One end of the pull rod (25) is hinged to the counterweight (24), the pull rod (25) passes through the through slot (28), and the other end of the pull rod (25) is hinged to the slider (26); A hollow top column (29) is coaxially fixed above the counterweight (24) by a thin rod. Connecting rods (30) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end of the top column (29). One end of the connecting rod (30) is hinged to the top column (29), and the other end is hinged to the stop (31).

6. A reversible esterification reaction control device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The bottom of the electric heating furnace (2) is equipped with a heating plate, the bottom of the reaction dish (3) is attached to the heating plate, and the reaction dish (3) is placed on the electric heating furnace (2); the electric heating furnace (2) is installed on the truss (1) through an integrated base frame, and the base frame is integrated with an electric control panel, which is connected to the heating plate to control the heating power of the heating plate, thereby regulating the reaction temperature in the reaction dish (3); The bottom of the reaction vessel (3) is also equipped with a liquid discharge valve.

Images