A high-efficiency flame-retardant board and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a high-efficiency flame-retardant board and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of flame-retardant boards. The board comprises the following components, by weight: 80-250 parts of reinforcing fiber cloth; 60-95 parts of boron phenolic resin; 40-70 parts of alcohol; 5-45 parts of magnesium hydroxide; 5-15 parts of ceramic filler; and a silicate and a catalyst. In the present invention, under the premise of ensuring an optimal silicate hydrolysis degree of 20%-40%, the amount of silicate used is accurately calculated based on the water content of the phenolic resin, the number-average molecular weight of the silicate, and the average degree of polymerization of the silicate, thereby reasonably setting the ratio of silicate to phenolic resin. The silicate is then further hydrolyzed with an acidic catalyst, resulting in a smooth and easy-to-control reaction process. The resulting resin material has both strength and heat resistance. After being uniformly mixed with an inorganic flame-retardant component, the board is impregnated with the reinforcing fiber cloth and pressurized to obtain a high-efficiency flame-retardant board. The overall preparation process is simple, the amount of raw materials used is precisely and reasonably controlled, and the board is particularly suitable for large-scale industrial promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of flame retardant panels, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency flame retardant panel. The present invention also provides a preparation method of the high-efficiency flame retardant panel suitable for industrial production. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of online shopping, logistics and transportation, and home furnishing, accidents such as overheating and combustion of new energy electric vehicle batteries, overheating and combustion of vehicle tires, fires in high-rise buildings, and fires in packaging have become more and more frequent. Therefore, the flame retardant properties of materials have been increasingly demanded.

[0003] Flame-retardant panels are man-made boards typically made by adding flame retardants during the production process. Wood is typically used as a raw material, but wood is highly flammable, necessitating the addition of flame retardants. However, excessive amounts of these flame retardants should be avoided, as this can affect the board's physical properties. Furthermore, commonly used halogen-based flame retardants are not environmentally friendly and pose safety risks.

[0004] In the existing technology, the common production process of flame retardant boards is to process selected raw materials into core boards of specified lengths, then soak the core boards in flame retardants until the flame retardant components completely penetrate into the wood fibers of the core boards, and then take them out, and finally perform steps such as gluing and pressing.

[0005] In recent years, new flame-retardant panels have emerged, primarily silicate fiberboard, silicon aluminum magnesium flame-retardant board, glass magnesium board, and diatomaceous earth flame-retardant board. While these offer some flame-retardant properties, their performance remains relatively poor, their effectiveness is short, and they are prone to moisture absorption and mold. Consequently, there is a huge market demand for high-efficiency flame-retardant panels.

[0006] In summary, how to prepare a high-efficiency flame-retardant board with better flame-retardant effect using a simple process is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a high-efficiency flame-retardant board. Under the premise of ensuring the optimal degree of silicate hydrolysis, the amount of silicate used is accurately calculated based on the water content of the phenolic resin, thereby reasonably setting the ratio of silicate to phenolic resin. The silicate is further hydrolyzed with an acidic catalyst, and the reaction process is smooth and easy to control. The resulting resin material has both strength and heat resistance and can be well combined with inorganic flame-retardant components. The obtained mixed glue is impregnated with reinforced fiber cloth, and the high-efficiency flame-retardant board is obtained through cutting, lamination, heating, and pressurization curing.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high-efficiency flame-retardant board, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0009]

[0010] and, silicate esters and catalysts;

[0011] The calculation formula for the amount of silicate is shown in Formula I:

[0012]

[0013] Where m 硅酸酯 is the mass of silicate, g;

[0014] m 硼酚醛 The mass of the solution obtained after dissolving boron phenolic resin in alcohol, g;

[0015] M n is the number average molecular weight of silicate, g / mol;

[0016] M H2O is the molar mass of water, g / mol;

[0017] x is the hydrolysis degree of silicate, %;

[0018] y is the water content of the solution obtained after dissolving boron phenolic resin in alcohol, %;

[0019] n is the average degree of polymerization of silicate;

[0020] The dosage of the catalyst is as follows: boron phenolic resin, silicate and alcohol are prepared into a mixed solution, wherein each liter of the mixed solution contains 0.05-0.20 mol of the catalyst.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0022]

[0023] The dosage of the catalyst is as follows: boron phenolic resin, silicate and alcohol are prepared into a mixed solution, wherein each liter of the mixed solution contains 0.08-0.12 mol of the catalyst.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the reinforcing fiber cloth includes one or more of glass fiber cloth, carbon fiber cloth, basalt fiber cloth, and SiC fiber cloth.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the silicate includes one or more of ethyl silicate, methyl orthosilicate and propyl orthosilicate.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the ceramic filler includes one or more of mica, TiB2, ZrSi2, nano-Al2O3, SiC, ZrO2, kaolin, feldspar powder, talc powder, and ceramic microbeads.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the catalyst includes sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid.

[0028] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a highly effective flame-retardant board. This method involves preparing a mixed adhesive solution of resin and inorganic materials, impregnating a reinforced fiber cloth with the adhesive solution, and then heating and curing the resulting product. The overall process is simple, the raw material dosage is precisely controlled, and the reaction temperature is relatively low, making it particularly suitable for large-scale industrialization.

[0029] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high-efficiency flame-retardant board, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0030] 1) crushing the boron phenolic resin and completely dissolving it in alcohol to obtain a boron phenolic resin solution;

[0031] 2) testing the water content of the prepared boron phenolic resin solution, and adding silicate according to the water content so that the degree of hydrolysis of the silicate in the boron phenolic resin solution is 20%-40%;

[0032] 3) Add the catalyst dropwise with stirring. After the addition is complete, continue stirring until the reaction system becomes clear and transparent;

[0033] 4) adding magnesium hydroxide and ceramic filler into the transparent system and stirring evenly to obtain a mixed glue;

[0034] 5) Impregnating the reinforced fiber cloth with the mixed adhesive solution and drying the mixture to obtain a prepreg cloth;

[0035] 6) Cut and stack the prepreg, place it in a mold, heat it up, and solidify it.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, in step 5), the drying condition is baking at 100-120° C. for 12-20 minutes.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, in step 6), the heating is to 90-130° C.;

[0038] The curing conditions are as follows: curing pressure 3-15 MPa, first heating to 120-140° C. and keeping warm for 0.5-3 hours, then heating to 150° C. and keeping warm for 0.5-3 hours, and finally heating to 190° C. and keeping warm for 0.5-9 hours.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0040] (1) The flame retardant board prepared by the present invention has low production cost, simple method, good flame retardancy and excellent water resistance.

[0041] (2) The present invention combines the concept of silicate hydrolysis degree with phenolic resin solution, thereby accurately calculating the amount of silicate that has synergistic flame retardancy with phenolic resin, making up for the blindness in solution ratio.

[0042] (3) The raw materials used in the present invention utilize the multi-component synergistic effect at high temperature to achieve the purpose of flame retardancy: a small amount of boric acid in the boron phenolic resin forms a dense protective film of glassy B2O3 with certain fluidity at high temperature, which isolates oxygen and prevents the combustion of the resin; silicate hydrolysis forms a network structure, which improves the strength and heat resistance of the resin, and forms silicon dioxide at high temperature; magnesium hydroxide thermally decomposes to generate water, which absorbs a large amount of heat; magnesium hydroxide thermal decomposition products magnesium oxide and silicon dioxide are inorganic flame retardants, which can improve the flame retardant properties of phenolic resin; magnesium oxide and silicon dioxide react under high temperature conditions to generate forsterite with certain strength, which is a dense ceramic structure isolated on the surface of phenolic resin and prevents the phenolic resin from reacting with oxygen; ceramic fillers such as mica decompose at high temperature, undergo a eutectic reaction, and form a mullite ceramic phase structure, which has good high temperature resistance and impact resistance, thereby protecting the internal structure of the material from being destroyed by fire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention provide a high-efficiency flame-retardant board and a preparation method thereof, thereby solving technical problems in the prior art such as limited performance of the flame-retardant board and complex preparation process of the flame-retardant board caused by poor control of raw materials and usage.

[0045] The technical solution in the present invention is to solve the above problems, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0046] The present invention provides a high-efficiency flame-retardant board, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0047]

[0048] and, silicate esters and catalysts;

[0049] The calculation formula for the amount of silicate is shown in Formula I:

[0050]

[0051] Where m 硅酸酯 is the mass of silicate, g;

[0052] m 硼酚醛 The mass of the solution obtained after dissolving boron phenolic resin in alcohol, g;

[0053] M n is the number average molecular weight of silicate;

[0054] M H2Ois the molar mass of water, g / mol;

[0055] x is the hydrolysis degree of silicate, %;

[0056] y is the water content of the solution obtained after dissolving boron phenolic resin in alcohol, %;

[0057] n is the average degree of polymerization of silicate;

[0058] The dosage of the catalyst is as follows: boron phenolic resin, silicate and alcohol are prepared into a mixed solution, wherein each liter of the mixed solution contains 0.05-0.20 mol of the catalyst.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0060]

[0061] The dosage of the catalyst is as follows: boron phenolic resin, silicate and alcohol are prepared into a mixed solution, wherein each liter of the mixed solution contains 0.08-0.12 mol of the catalyst.

[0062] In the present invention, the boron phenolic resin solution obtained by dissolving the boron phenolic resin in alcohol has a glue content of 50-70%. By adding a silicate in the specified amount, a transparent resin system can be precisely obtained. This system has a low viscosity, which facilitates the dispersion of magnesium hydroxide and ceramic fillers. Furthermore, the silicate can also produce a synergistic effect with magnesium hydroxide. SiO2 formed by partial hydrolysis of the specified amount of silicate reacts with MgO, a thermal decomposition product of magnesium hydroxide, under high temperature conditions to form a portion of forsterite. The reinforcing fiber content in the prepreg is 55-70%.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the reinforcing fiber cloth includes one or more of glass fiber cloth, carbon fiber cloth, basalt fiber cloth, and SiC fiber cloth.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the silicate includes one or more of ethyl silicate, methyl orthosilicate and propyl orthosilicate.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the ceramic filler includes one or more of mica, TiB2, ZrSi2, nano-Al2O3, SiC, ZrO2, kaolin, feldspar powder, talc powder, and ceramic microbeads.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the catalyst includes sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid.

[0067] The hydrolysis reaction of silicate can occur under acidic or alkaline conditions. In the present invention, using acid as catalyst, silicate hydrolysis reaction can be made relatively gentle, and production is easy to control. Simultaneously, silanol groups can stably exist under acidic conditions, thereby improving storage stability. From the reaction mechanism, acid plays a catalytic role in the hydrolysis reaction, determines the speed of reaction and the hydrolysis effect. After adding the aforementioned acidic catalyst, silicate hydrolysis can be promoted to generate a network structure, thereby improving the mechanical strength and heat resistance of the resin material. From the consumption point of view, the acid addition is too much and can accelerate the polycondensation of silanol groups (SiOH) or alkoxy silicon groups (SiOR), causing the shelf life to shorten, while acid deficiency can precipitate out SiO , reduce the SiO content of the hydrolyzed solution, reduce the flame retardant effect.

[0068] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-efficiency flame-retardant board, comprising the following steps:

[0069] 1) crushing the boron phenolic resin and completely dissolving it in alcohol to obtain a boron phenolic resin solution;

[0070] 2) testing the water content of the prepared boron phenolic resin solution, and adding silicate according to the water content so that the degree of hydrolysis of the silicate in the boron phenolic resin solution is 20%-40%;

[0071] 3) Add the catalyst dropwise with stirring. After the addition is complete, continue stirring until the reaction system becomes clear and transparent;

[0072] 4) adding magnesium hydroxide and ceramic filler into the transparent system and stirring evenly to obtain a mixed glue;

[0073] 5) Impregnating the reinforced fiber cloth with the mixed adhesive solution and drying the mixture to obtain a prepreg cloth;

[0074] 6) Cut and stack the prepreg, place it in a mold, heat it up, and solidify it.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, in step 2), the water content is tested by conventional methods known to those skilled in the art, preferably by Karl Fischer method to determine the water content in the resin solution.

[0076] The hydrolysis reaction process of silicate involves water and has an important influence on the formation of network structure. Therefore, based on the degree of hydrolysis, it is of great significance to deduce the appropriate amount of silicate to improve the performance of the material. Based on this, the inventors have summarized an effective method for calculating the precise amount of silicate through a large number of experimental calculations and derivations: specifically, the water content of the boron phenolic resin solution in the reaction system is first tested, and then the silicate number average molecular weight and average degree of polymerization and other indicators are introduced to calculate the precise amount of silicate to be added. It has been verified that the above formula can combine the amount of silicate with the degree of hydrolysis of silicate, and the calculated amount of silicate is accurate and reasonable.

[0077] In the present invention, the degree of hydrolysis of the silicate is set between 20% and 40%. This is significant because: if the degree of hydrolysis is too high, the hydrolyzate will quickly gel, making it difficult to evenly mix the magnesium hydroxide and ceramic filler in subsequent steps; if the degree of hydrolysis is too low, the reaction activity is insufficient. Therefore, a resin material synthesized within this hydrolysis range has the best performance.

[0078] In step 3), after the catalyst is added dropwise, stirring is continued until the reaction system is clear and transparent. The purpose is to ensure that the catalyst completely hydrolyzes the silicate and that the components react with each other sufficiently. Otherwise, the reaction system will be relatively turbid. As long as the purpose of system clarification is achieved, the stirring method can be any device and conditions known to those skilled in the art. Preferably, ultrasonic dispersion is used, which has high dispersion efficiency, more uniform dispersed particles, and better stability.

[0079] In step 4), magnesium hydroxide and ceramic filler are added to the transparent system and stirred evenly to mix the raw materials of different properties. The stirring method can be any device and conditions known to those skilled in the art. Preferably, stirring is performed at 100-200 rpm for 5-10 minutes.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment, in step 5), the drying condition is baking at 100-120° C. for 12-20 minutes.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, in step 6), the heating is to 90-130° C.;

[0082] Preferably, after heating, the process also includes observing the glue discharge, continuously picking out the silk for 40-100 minutes to determine whether the resin is gelled, and quickly applying pressure to solidify it after reaching the gel point.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, in step 6), the curing conditions are: curing pressure 3-15 MPa, first heating to 120-140°C and keeping warm for 0.5-3 hours, then heating to 150°C and keeping warm for 0.5-3 hours, and finally heating to 190°C and keeping warm for 0.5-9 hours;

[0084] Preferably, after the heat preservation is completed, the process further includes closing the hot press, naturally cooling to room temperature, releasing the pressure and removing the mold to obtain the flame retardant board.

[0085] The technical solution of this application is described in detail below through specific embodiments:

[0086] Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the present invention are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0087] In the present invention, parts by weight may be weight units known in the art such as μg, mg, g, kg, etc., or multiples thereof, such as 1 / 10, 1 / 100, 10 times, 100 times, etc.

[0088] Example 1:

[0089] 72g of boron phenolic resin was crushed and completely dissolved in 48g of alcohol to obtain a boron phenolic resin solution. Samples were taken to test the water content of the boron phenolic resin solution, and ethyl silicate was added. The amount to be added was calculated according to Formula I:

[0090]

[0091] Where m 硼酚醛 After dissolving the boron phenolic resin in alcohol, the mass of the solution is 120g;

[0092] M n The number average molecular weight of silicate = 695.75 g / mol;

[0093] M H2O The molar mass of water = 18 g / mol;

[0094] x is the degree of hydrolysis of silicate = 25%;

[0095] y is the water content of the solution obtained after dissolving the boron phenolic resin in alcohol = 2.09%;

[0096] n is the average degree of polymerization of silicate = 4.63;

[0097] The calculated amount of ethyl silicate to be added is 34.4 g. 0.3 g of 0.12 mol / L hydrochloric acid is added dropwise with stirring. Stirring is continued for 5 hours after the addition is complete, until the reaction system is clear and transparent. 13.8 g of magnesium hydroxide, 3.8 g of mica, 3.2 g of kaolin, and 1.2 g of ceramic microbeads are added and mechanically stirred to prepare a mixed adhesive solution. The mixed adhesive solution is placed in the adhesive tank of a dipping machine. 140 g of glass fiber cloth is immersed in the mixed adhesive solution and baked at 110°C for 15 minutes to obtain a prepreg. The prepreg is cut, stacked, and placed between smooth mold plates coated with a release agent. The press is closed. The temperature is slowly raised to 110°C, with continuous filament selection. The gel point is reached after 60 minutes. The pressure is then increased to 6 MPa. The temperature is then raised to 130°C and held for 2 hours. Then, the temperature is raised to 150°C and held for 1 hour. Finally, the temperature is raised to 190°C and held for 4 hours. After the heat preservation is completed, the hot press is turned off, and the board is naturally cooled to room temperature, and the pressure is released and the board is removed from the mold to obtain a flame retardant board.

[0098] Example 2:

[0099] 84g of boron phenolic resin was crushed and completely dissolved in 60g of alcohol to obtain a boron phenolic resin solution. Samples were taken to test the water content of the boron phenolic resin solution, and propyl orthosilicate was added. The amount to be added was calculated according to Formula I:

[0100]

[0101] Where m 硼酚醛 After dissolving the boron phenolic resin in alcohol, the mass of the solution is 144g;

[0102] M n The number average molecular weight of silicate = 264.43 g / mol;

[0103] M H2O The molar mass of water = 18 g / mol;

[0104] x is the degree of hydrolysis of silicate = 35%;

[0105] y is the water content of the solution obtained after dissolving the boron phenolic resin in alcohol = 3.06%;

[0106] n is the average degree of polymerization of silicate = 1;

[0107] The calculated amount of propyl orthosilicate added is 46.2g. 0.4g of 0.1mol / L nitric acid is added dropwise while stirring. Stirring is continued for 4.5 hours after the addition is complete, until the reaction system becomes clear and transparent. 15.6g of magnesium hydroxide, 2.8g of TiB2, 3.9g of nano-Al2O3, and 2.4g of SiC are added and mechanically stirred to prepare a mixed adhesive solution. The mixed adhesive solution is placed in the adhesive tank of a dipping machine. 175g of basalt fiber cloth is immersed in the mixed adhesive solution and baked at 100°C for 20 minutes to obtain a prepreg. The prepreg is cut, stacked, and placed between smooth mold plates coated with a release agent. The press is closed. The temperature was slowly raised to 110°C while continuously selecting the fibers. After 55 minutes, the gel point was reached. The pressure was then increased to 8 MPa, and the temperature was raised to 135°C and held for 1.5 hours. The temperature was then raised to 150°C and held for 1.5 hours. Finally, the temperature was raised to 190°C and held for 3.5 hours. After the holding period, the hot press was closed, the material was allowed to cool naturally to room temperature, and the pressure was released and the material was removed from the mold to produce a flame-retardant board.

[0108] Effect Examples

[0109] The performance indicators of the flame retardant boards prepared in Examples 1 and 2 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0110] Table 1

[0111]

[0112] It can be seen from Table 1 that the composite materials prepared in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention all meet the flame retardant performance standards, have excellent heat resistance and flame retardant effects, and the preparation process is safe and environmentally friendly, and is particularly suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0113] Comparative Example 1

[0114] 72g of boron phenolic resin was crushed and completely dissolved in 48g of alcohol to obtain a boron phenolic resin solution. Samples were taken to test the water content of the boron phenolic resin solution, and ethyl silicate was added. The amount to be added was calculated according to Formula I:

[0115]

[0116] Where m 硼酚醛 After dissolving the boron phenolic resin in alcohol, the mass of the solution is 120g;

[0117] M n The number average molecular weight of silicate = 695.75 g / mol;

[0118] M H2O The molar mass of water = 18 g / mol;

[0119] x is the degree of hydrolysis of silicate = 50%;

[0120] y is the water content of the solution obtained after dissolving the boron phenolic resin in alcohol = 2.09%;

[0121] n is the average degree of polymerization of silicate = 4.63;

[0122] The calculated amount of ethyl silicate to be added is 17.2 g. 0.3 g of 0.12 mol / L hydrochloric acid is added dropwise while stirring. Stirring is continued for 5 hours after the addition is complete. 13.8 g of magnesium hydroxide, 3.8 g of mica, 3.2 g of kaolin, and 1.2 g of ceramic microbeads are added and mechanically stirred to prepare a mixed adhesive solution. The mixed adhesive solution is placed in the adhesive tank of a dipping machine. 140 g of glass fiber cloth is immersed in the mixed adhesive solution and baked at 110°C for 15 minutes to obtain a prepreg. The prepreg is cut, stacked, and placed between smooth mold plates coated with a release agent. The press is closed. The temperature is slowly raised to 110°C, with continuous filament selection. The gel point is reached after 60 minutes. The pressure is then increased to 6 MPa. The temperature is then raised to 130°C and held for 2 hours. Then, the temperature is raised to 150°C and held for 1 hour. Finally, the temperature is raised to 190°C and held for 4 hours. After the heat preservation is completed, the hot press is turned off, and the plate is naturally cooled to room temperature. The pressure is released and the plate is removed from the mold. The interlayer adhesion of the obtained composite material plate is poor, and delamination occurs, which affects the cutting process and performance testing. Its mechanical strength and flame retardant properties are not as good as those of Example 1-2.

[0123] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for purposes of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is apparent that many variations and modifications are possible in light of the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments have been selected and described for the purpose of explaining the specific principles of the invention and their practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to realize and utilize a variety of exemplary embodiments of the invention and various options and modifications. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency flame-retardant board, characterized in that: Calculated by weight, it includes the following components: and, silicate esters and catalysts; The boron phenolic resin solution obtained by dissolving the boron phenolic resin in alcohol has a glue content of 50-70%. The ceramic filler includes one or more of mica, TiB2, ZrSi2, nano-Al2O3, SiC, ZrO2, kaolin, feldspar powder, talc powder, and ceramic microbeads; The calculation formula for the amount of silicate is shown in Formula I: Where m 硅酸酯 is the mass of silicate, g; m 硼酚醛 The mass of the solution obtained after dissolving boron phenolic resin in alcohol, g; M n is the number average molecular weight of silicate, g / mol; is the molar mass of water, g / mol; x is the degree of hydrolysis of the silicate, x = 20-40%; y is the water content of the solution obtained after dissolving boron phenolic resin in alcohol, %; n is the average degree of polymerization of silicate; The catalyst is hydrochloric acid or nitric acid; the amount of the catalyst is as follows: boron phenolic resin, silicate and alcohol are prepared into a mixed solution, wherein each liter of the mixed solution contains 0.05-0.20 mol of the catalyst.

2. The high-efficiency flame-retardant board according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculated by weight, it includes the following components: The dosage of the catalyst is as follows: boron phenolic resin, silicate and alcohol are prepared into a mixed solution, wherein each liter of the mixed solution contains 0.08-0.12 mol of the catalyst.

3. The high-efficiency flame-retardant board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing fiber cloth includes one or more of glass fiber cloth, carbon fiber cloth, basalt fiber cloth, and SiC fiber cloth.

4. The high-efficiency flame-retardant board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silicate includes one or more of ethyl silicate, methyl orthosilicate and propyl orthosilicate.

5. The method for preparing a high-efficiency flame-retardant board according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) crushing the boron phenolic resin and completely dissolving it in alcohol to obtain a boron phenolic resin solution; 2) testing the water content of the prepared boron phenolic resin solution, and adding silicate according to the water content so that the degree of hydrolysis of the silicate in the boron phenolic resin solution is 20%-40%; 3) Add the catalyst dropwise with stirring. After the addition is complete, continue stirring until the reaction system becomes clear and transparent; 4) adding magnesium hydroxide and ceramic filler into the transparent system and stirring evenly to obtain a mixed glue; 5) Impregnating the reinforced fiber cloth with the mixed adhesive solution and drying the mixture to obtain a prepreg cloth; 6) Cut and stack the prepreg, place it in a mold, heat it up, and solidify it.

6. The method for preparing a high-efficiency flame-retardant board according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 5), the drying condition is to bake at 100-120° C. for 12-20 minutes.

7. The method for preparing a high-efficiency flame-retardant board according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 6), the temperature is raised to 90-130° C.; The curing conditions are as follows: curing pressure 3-15 MPa, first heating to 120-140° C. and keeping warm for 0.5-3 h, then heating to 150° C. and keeping warm for 0.5-3 h, and finally heating to 190° C. and keeping warm for 0.5-9 h.

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