Variable configuration underwater projectile
By designing a variable-structure underwater projectile, combining the characteristics of an air curtain and a solid flat head, and utilizing a telescopic cavitation device and diaphragm structure, the problems of high internal resistance and low cavitation rate of underwater projectiles were solved, achieving increased initial velocity and extended stroke.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-11-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing underwater projectiles suffer from high barrel drag and low cavitation rate when launched underwater, affecting initial velocity and stroke.
A variable-structure underwater projectile is designed, combining the characteristics of air curtain projectiles and solid flat-nosed projectiles. It adopts a telescopic cavitation device and diaphragm structure, and automatically switches between different pressure characteristics inside and outside the barrel to achieve automatic adjustment of air curtain and cavitation functions.
It reduces launch drag and increases initial velocity inside the barrel; it ensures cavitation rate and increases stroke outside the barrel. The structure is simple and can automatically adapt to the pressure characteristics of different launch stages.
Smart Images
Figure CN115597438B_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of high-speed underwater projectiles, and specifically discloses a variable-structure underwater projectile. BACKGROUND
[0002] The main problem of underwater gun launching is how to reduce the resistance of the projectile during underwater launching, and the research on the drag reduction problem directly affects the range of the underwater projectile and the combat effectiveness of underwater launching. With the increasing requirements of underwater launching, the research on the projectile is also deepened accordingly.
[0003] At present, there are mainly two forms of underwater launching projectiles, one is a solid flat-head projectile, which is helpful for cavitation of the projectile during underwater launching, and its main advantage is reflected in the external trajectory period, but the problem is that the resistance in the chamber of the solid flat-head projectile is too large, which is not conducive to the initial velocity improvement in the internal trajectory period; the other is a center-through-hole air curtain projectile, which first guides the internal trajectory airflow to the front of the projectile to form an air curtain, thereby reducing the resistance of the projectile in the internal trajectory period and greatly improving the initial velocity of underwater launching, but the existence of the center-through-hole reduces the cavitation rate of the projectile, which seriously affects the range of the projectile. SUMMARY
[0004] The application provides a variable-structure underwater projectile, which has the advantages of both solid flat-head projectiles and center-through-hole air curtain projectiles, reduces the resistance while ensuring the cavitation rate of the projectile, and improves the initial velocity and the range of the projectile.
[0005] The application provides a variable-structure underwater projectile, which comprises a projectile body, an extensible cavitation device and a diaphragm, wherein the projectile body is an air curtain projectile structure with a flat head; the projectile body is provided with a stepped center hole penetrating the head and the tail along the central axis, and gas guiding through holes are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction; the stepped center hole comprises a head hole, an air chamber and a tail hole from the head to the tail; the gas guiding through hole comprises a radial hole and an axial hole, the inner end of the radial hole is connected with the air chamber, and the outer end of the radial hole is connected with the rear end of the axial hole; the diaphragm is fixed on the stepped surface of the air chamber and the tail hole; the extensible cavitation device comprises an extensible rod, a piston and a cavitation head fixed at both ends of the extensible rod, the extensible rod slides through the head hole, the piston is located in the air chamber and is in sealed contact with the air chamber, and the cavitation head is located outside the projectile body; the sliding stroke of the extensible cavitation device satisfies the following conditions:
[0006] When the cavitation head is tightly attached to the flat head of the projectile body, the piston is located behind the gas guiding through hole to block the air chamber and the gas guiding through hole;
[0007] The extensible rod is extended forward, the piston is located in front of the gas guiding through hole, and the air chamber is connected with the gas guiding through hole.
[0008] Further, a gas sealing ring is arranged on the circumferential surface of the piston.
[0009] Further, the diaphragm is a metal diaphragm, which is installed on the stepped surface of the tail hole and the air chamber by interference fit.
[0010] Further, the circumferential surface of the cavitation head is smoothly connected with the circumferential surface of the projectile body.
[0011] Further, the number of the gas guide channels is four.
[0012] The present application has the following beneficial effects.
[0013] (1) The underwater variable structure projectile provided by the present application can have the characteristics of the gas curtain projectile in the bore period, so as to reduce the bore launching resistance and improve the projectile launching initial speed.
[0014] (2) The underwater variable structure projectile provided by the present application can have the characteristics of the solid flat-head projectile in the bore-out period, so as to ensure the cavitation rate in the external trajectory period and improve the projectile launching range.
[0015] (3) The underwater variable structure projectile provided by the present application is simple in structure and can automatically switch according to the different pressure characteristics in the bore-in and bore-out periods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.
[0017] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the initial state of the variable structure underwater projectile;
[0018] Figure 2 is a structure diagram of the telescopic cavitation device;
[0019] Figure 3 is a bore-in state diagram of the variable structure projectile;
[0020] Figure 4 is a bore-out state diagram of the variable structure projectile;
[0021] In the drawings: 1 - projectile body, 2 - diaphragm, 3 - air chamber, 4 - piston, 5 - gas guide through hole, 6 - telescopic rod, 7 - cavitation head, 8 - gas curtain, 9 - supercavitation, 10 - gas blocking ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present application.
[0023] The embodiment provides a variable-structure underwater projectile, which comprises a projectile body 1, an extensible cavitation device and a diaphragm 2.
[0024] The projectile body 1 is in the structure of a gas curtain projectile with a flat head; the projectile body 1 is provided with a stepped central hole penetrating the head and the tail along a central axis, and is provided with air guide through holes 5 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction; the stepped central hole comprises a head hole, an air chamber 3 and a tail hole from the head to the tail; the air guide through hole 5 comprises a radial hole and an axial hole, the inner end of the radial hole is connected with the air chamber 3, and the outer end of the radial hole is connected with the rear end of the axial hole.
[0025] The diaphragm 2 is fixed on the stepped surface of the air chamber 3 and the tail hole.
[0026] The extensible cavitation device comprises an extensible rod 6, a piston 4 and a cavitation head 7 fixed at both ends of the extensible rod 6, the extensible rod 6 slides through the head hole, the piston 4 is located in the air chamber 3 and is in sealed contact with the air chamber 3, and the cavitation head 7 is located outside the projectile body 1; the sliding stroke of the extensible cavitation device satisfies the following conditions:
[0027] When the cavitation head 7 is tightly attached to the flat head of the projectile body 1, the piston 4 is located behind the air guide through hole 5 to block the air chamber 3 and the air guide through hole 5;
[0028] The extensible rod 6 is extended forward, the piston 4 is located in front of the air guide through hole 5, and the air chamber 3 is in communication with the air guide through hole 5.
[0029] The extensible cavitation device is located in the center of the projectile body 1 and can slide freely, the cavitation head 7 has the function of limiting the backward movement of the extensible cavitation device, and the piston 4 has the function of limiting the forward movement of the extensible cavitation device.
[0030] Further, a gas sealing ring 10 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the piston 4.
[0031] Further, the diaphragm 2 is a metal diaphragm, which is installed on the stepped surface of the air chamber 3 and the tail hole through interference fit, and serves as an air chamber 3 switch, and the diaphragm 2 is broken when the pressure is greater than the shear force of the diaphragm.
[0032] Further, the circumferential surface of the cavitation head 7 is smoothly connected with the circumferential surface of the projectile body 1.
[0033] Further, the number of air guide passages 5 is four.
[0034] The above variable-structure underwater projectile is used for underwater launching, and the specific process is as follows:
[0035] Figure 1 For the variable-structure underwater projectile, the diaphragm 2 is intact, the piston 4 closes the gas guide channel 5, and the cavitation head 7 is attached to the flat head of the projectile body 1. When the chamber pressure reaches 40 MPa, the diaphragm 2 is broken, and the state in the chamber is Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the gas in the chamber breaks through the diaphragm 2 under the action of pressure, passes through the air chamber 3, and pushes the piston 4 to move forward until it moves to the limit position, and the gas guide channel 5 is opened by giving way, and the gas is discharged along the four gas guide channels 5 to the pipe, and the water column in front of the projectile 1 is blown to form an air curtain 8, thereby the water pressure in front of the projectile is greatly reduced, and the resistance in front of the process in the chamber is reduced. The process outside the chamber is as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, after the projectile exits the muzzle, the air curtain 8 in front of the projectile disappears, the pressure in the air chamber 3 rapidly decreases, and the water pressure in front of the projectile rapidly increases. The water pressure first acts on the cavitation head 7, pushing the telescopic rod 6 to move to the tail of the projectile, and at the same time the piston 4 moves, closing the gas guide channel 5, preventing water flow through the closed gas ring 10, under the action of high initial velocity and cavitation head 7, an over-cavitation bubble 9 is formed around the projectile, reducing the underwater resistance of the underwater projectile.
[0036] Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limited thereto; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims
1. A variable-configuration underwater projectile, characterized by, The projectile body, the telescopic cavitation device and the diaphragm; The projectile body is a gas curtain projectile structure with a flat head; The projectile body is provided with a stepped center hole penetrating the head and the tail along the center axis, and is provided with air guide through holes at equal intervals along the circumference; The stepped center hole is sequentially composed of a head hole, an air chamber and a tail hole from the head to the tail; The air guide through hole includes a radial hole and an axial hole, the inner end of the radial hole is connected with the air chamber, and the outer end of the radial hole is connected with the rear end of the axial hole; The diaphragm is fixed on the stepped surface of the air chamber and the tail hole; The telescopic cavitation device includes a telescopic rod, a piston and a cavitation head fixed at both ends of the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod slides through the head hole, the piston is located in the air chamber and is in sealed contact with the air chamber, and the cavitation head is located outside the projectile body; The sliding stroke of the telescopic cavitation device satisfies the following conditions: When the cavitation head is close to the flat head of the projectile body, the piston is located behind the air guide through hole to block the air chamber and the air guide through hole; The telescopic rod is extended forward, the piston is located in front of the air guide through hole, and the air chamber is communicated with the air guide through hole.
2. The variable-configuration underwater projectile of claim 1, wherein A closed air ring for sealing is arranged on the circumferential surface of the piston.
3. The variable-configuration underwater projectile of claim 2, wherein, The diaphragm is a metal diaphragm, which is installed on the stepped surface of the air chamber and the tail hole through interference fit.
4. The variable-configuration underwater projectile of claim 3, wherein, The circumferential surface of the cavitation head and the circumferential surface of the projectile body are smoothly connected.
5. The variable-configuration underwater projectile of claim 4, wherein, The number of air guide channels is four.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Piston type multi-shot series launching structure
CN112432563A
Variable-structure cavitation device with water entry load reduction function
CN112985188A