A method for determining the safety of a house wall after covering the soil around a falling dangerous rock on a slope

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for determining the safety of a house wall after soil covering around a falling dangerous rock on a slope, which includes the following steps: 1. Calculate the volume of the dangerous rock on the slope; 2. Calculate the density of the dangerous rock on the slope; 3. Calculate and determine the slope angle; 4. Determine the initial velocity when the dangerous rock starts to move; 5. Calculate the velocity of the dangerous rock when it falls onto the soil-covered surface; 6. Calculate the impact force of the dangerous rock when it falls onto the soil-covered surface; 7. Determine the unit weight of the soil covering; 8. Calculate the static pressure of the soil covering acting on the wall; 9. Calculate the impact force acting on the wall after the impact force of the dangerous rock is buffered by the soil covering; 10. Calculate the total pressure received by the wall; 11. Determine the safety of the wall after soil covering. The present invention is reasonably designed. By comparing the resultant force of the soil pressure and the impact force of the falling dangerous rock after soil covering with the allowable force of the wall, the safety of the wall after soil covering is determined, and it has the advantages of simple structure, convenient implementation and reliable results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for determining the safety of a house wall after soil covering around a falling dangerous rock on a slope. Background Art

[0002] China is a mountainous country. Due to the limitations of economic conditions and technical levels in the early stage, buildings such as houses were built around some slopes with dangerous rocks. When encountering heavy rainfall, typhoons or earthquakes, the dangerous rocks may fall, endangering the safety of surrounding houses. Therefore, the dangerous rocks are removed manually, such as by blasting, crowbars, etc., so that they fall to the bottom of the slope, and the harmful effects can be eliminated. In order to avoid harm to the house wall when the dangerous rock falls, backfilling loose soil on the side of the wall close to the slope for buffering and protection is a good method. However, for whether the impact of the surrounding rock endangers the safety of the wall after soil covering on one side of the wall, it is mostly determined based on engineering experience, and there is no reliable theoretical method for guidance and determination. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a determination method for determining whether the wall of a surrounding house is safe after soil covering when a dangerous rock on a slope falls, to solve the problems existing in the above technical solutions, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient implementation and reliable results.

[0004] The present invention is implemented as follows: A method for determining the safety of a house wall after soil covering around a falling dangerous rock on a slope, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step S1: Measure and determine the length L, width W and height H of the dangerous rock on the slope, and calculate and determine the volume V of the dangerous rock on the slope. The calculation formula for the volume V of the dangerous rock on the slope is as follows:

[0006] V = LWH;

[0007] Step S2: Measure and determine the mass M0 and volume V0 of a part of the sample of the dangerous rock on the slope, and calculate and determine the density ρ of the dangerous rock on the slope. The calculation formula for the density ρ of the dangerous rock on the slope is as follows:

[0008]

[0009] Step S3: Measure the vertical distance h0 and horizontal distance l0 from the dangerous rock on the slope to the toe of the slope, and calculate and determine the slope angle α. The calculation formula for the slope angle α is as follows:

[0010]

[0011] Step S4: Determine the initial velocity v0 when the dangerous rock starts to move;

[0012] Step S5: Calculate and determine the velocity v when the dangerous rock falls to the soil-covered surface. The calculation formula for the velocity v is as follows:

[0013]

[0014] Where g is the acceleration due to gravity and μ is the sliding friction coefficient of the dangerous rock;

[0015] Step S6: Calculate and determine the impact force F when the dangerous rock falls onto the overburden surface d , the impact force F d is calculated by the following formula:

[0016]

[0017] Where △t is the acting time of the dangerous rock impacting the overburden;

[0018] Step S7: Determine the unit weight γ of the overburden;

[0019] Step S8: Calculate and determine the static pressure p of the overburden acting on the wall s , the static pressure p of the overburden s is calculated by the following formula:

[0020] p s = γh1k s

[0021] Where h1 is the height of the overburden and k s is a coefficient;

[0022] Step S9: Calculate and determine the impact force p acting on the wall after the impact force of the dangerous rock is buffered by the overburden d2 , the impact force p d2 is calculated by the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] Where b and l are the width and length of the smaller one of the side and top surfaces of the dangerous rock facing the overburden, W0 is the thickness of the overburden, and θ is the angle;

[0025] Step S10: Calculate and determine the total pressure p on the wall a , the total pressure p a is calculated by the following formula:

[0026] p a = p s + p d2

[0027] Step S11: Judge the safety of the wall after covering with the overburden. If p a ≤ [P], the wall is in a safe state; otherwise, if p a > [P], the wall is in a dangerous state, where [P] is the allowable pressure of the wall.

[0028] Further, in step S4, if the dangerous rock is removed by the crowbar method, the initial velocity v0 is taken as 0; if the dangerous rock is removed by the blasting method, the initial velocity v0 is determined according to construction experience, or theoretical calculation methods, or by conducting small-scale blasting tests.

[0029] Further, in step S5, μ is taken as 0.35.

[0030] Further, in step S6, △t is taken as 0.03 s.

[0031] Further, in step S8, the covering soil height h1 is determined by the on-site construction plan, and k s is taken as 0.40.

[0032] Further, in step S9, the covering soil thickness W0 is determined by the on-site construction plan, and the angle θ is taken as 23°.

[0033] Further, in step S11, the allowable pressure [P] of the wall is determined by a structural engineer in combination with the wall thickness, concrete strength, reinforcement, stress conditions, etc.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: reasonable design, by comparing the resultant force of the soil pressure after covering the soil and the impact force of the falling dangerous rock with the allowable force of the wall, to determine the safety of the wall after covering the soil, having the advantages of simple structure, convenient implementation and reliable results. Specific Embodiments

[0035] The following further illustrates the present invention in conjunction with embodiments.

[0036] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all exemplary and are intended to provide further descriptions of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present application belongs.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0038] This embodiment provides a method for determining the safety of a house wall after covering the soil around a falling dangerous rock on a slope, including the following steps:

[0039] Step S1: Use a ruler or total station to measure and determine the length L, width W, and height H of the slope dangerous rock, and calculate and determine the volume V of the slope dangerous rock. The calculation formula for the volume V of the slope dangerous rock is as follows:

[0040] V = LWH;

[0041] Step S2: Take a small sample of the dangerous rock, transport it back to the laboratory, measure its mass M0 using an electronic scale, measure its volume V0 using a measuring cup, and calculate and determine the density ρ of the slope dangerous rock. The calculation formula for the density ρ of the slope dangerous rock is as follows:

[0042]

[0043] Step S3: Use a total station to measure the vertical distance h0 and horizontal distance l0 from the slope dangerous rock to the toe of the slope, and calculate and determine the slope angle α. The calculation formula for the slope angle α is as follows:

[0044]

[0045] Step S4: Determine the initial velocity v0 when the dangerous rock starts to move;

[0046] Step S5: Calculate and determine the velocity v of the dangerous rock when it falls to the surface of the overburden soil. The calculation formula for the velocity v is as follows:

[0047]

[0048] where g is the acceleration due to gravity and μ is the sliding friction coefficient of the dangerous rock;

[0049] Step S6: Calculate and determine the impact force F of the dangerous rock when it falls to the surface of the overburden soil d , the impact force F d 's calculation formula is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] where △t is the action time of the dangerous rock impacting the overburden soil;

[0052] Step S7: Determine the unit weight γ of the overburden soil. Take a typical overburden soil sample on-site, transport it back to the laboratory, measure its density using the ring knife method, and then multiply it by the acceleration due to gravity to obtain its unit weight γ;

[0053] Step S8: Calculate and determine the static pressure p of the overburden soil acting on the wall s , the static pressure p of the overburden soil s 's calculation formula is as follows:

[0054] p s = γh1k s

[0055] where h1 is the height of the overburden soil and ks is a coefficient;

[0056] Step S9: Calculate and determine the impact force p acting on the wall after the overburden buffer of the dangerous rock impact force d2 , the impact force p d2 The calculation formula is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] where b and l are the width and length of the smaller one of the side and top surface of the dangerous rock facing the overburden, W0 is the overburden thickness, and θ is the angle;

[0059] Step S10: Calculate and determine the total pressure p received by the wall a , the total pressure p a The calculation formula is as follows:

[0060] p a = p s + p d2

[0061] Step S11: Determine the safety of the wall after overburden. If p a ≤ [P], the wall is in a safe state; otherwise, if p a > [P], the wall is in a dangerous state, where [P] is the allowable pressure of the wall.

[0062] In this embodiment, in step S4, if the dangerous rock is removed by the crowbar method, the initial velocity v0 is taken as 0; if the dangerous rock is removed by the blasting method, the initial velocity v0 is determined according to construction experience, or theoretical calculation methods, or by conducting small-scale blasting tests.

[0063] In this embodiment, in step S5, μ is taken as 0.35.

[0064] In this embodiment, in step S6, △t is taken as 0.03 s.

[0065] In this embodiment, in step S8, the overburden height h1 is determined by the on-site construction plan, and k s is taken as 0.40.

[0066] In this embodiment, in step S9, the overburden thickness W0 is determined by the on-site construction plan, and the angle θ is taken as 23°.

[0067] In this embodiment, in step S11, the allowable pressure [P] of the wall is determined by a structural engineer in combination with the wall thickness, concrete strength, reinforcement, stress conditions, etc.

[0068] The working principle of the present invention is that after the dangerous rock on the slope is treated with a crowbar or blasting, it falls along the slope and impacts the soil covering on one side of the wall with great energy after falling, and further this impact force acts on the wall; therefore, there are two external forces acting on the wall, one is the soil pressure after covering the soil, and the other is the impact force of the falling of the dangerous rock. If the resultant force of the two forces exceeds the allowable bearing force of the wall, the wall is in a dangerous state, otherwise the wall is in a safe state.

[0069] Implementation case:

[0070] Use a total station to measure the length L, width W, and height H of the dangerous rock. The length L is 2.7 m, the width W is 1.2 m, and the height H is 1.6 m. After calculation, its volume V is 5.184 m3; take a small piece of dangerous rock sample, transport it back to the laboratory, use an electronic balance to measure its mass M0 as 362.0 g, use a measuring cup to measure its volume V0 as 136.6 cm3, and calculate the density ρ of the slope dangerous rock as 2.65 g / cm3; use a total station to measure the vertical distance h0 from the slope dangerous rock to the foot of the slope as 12.9 m and the horizontal distance l0 as 3.7 m, and calculate the slope angle α as 74.0°; the dangerous rock is removed by the crowbar method, so the initial velocity v0 is taken as 0; determine the velocity v of the dangerous rock when it falls to the soil surface as 15.08 cm / s; determine the impact force F of the dangerous rock when it falls to the soil surface d is 52080.2 kN; take a typical soil covering soil sample on-site, transport it back to the laboratory, and after testing its density by the cutting ring method and multiplying it by the acceleration of gravity, obtain its unit weight γ as 16.3 kN / m3; according to the on-site construction plan, determine the soil covering height h1 as 4.0 m, and calculate the static soil pressure p acting on the wall s is 26.08 kPa; after comparison, b is 1.2 m and l is 2.7 m; according to the construction plan, the soil covering thickness W0 is 2.5 m, and determine the impact force p acting on the wall after the impact force of the dangerous rock is buffered by the soil covering d2 is 3252.6 kPa; determine the total pressure p acting on the wall a is 3278.7 kPa; the structural engineer determines the allowable pressure [P] of this wall as 6600 kPa in combination with the wall thickness, concrete strength, steel reinforcement, stress conditions, etc. Therefore, after the wall is covered with soil, when the above-mentioned dangerous rock falls, the wall is in a safe state.

[0071] For any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention above, unless otherwise stated, if it discloses a numerical range, then the disclosed numerical range is the preferred numerical range. Any person skilled in the art should understand that the preferred numerical range is only the numerical values with obvious technical effects or representativeness among many implementable numerical values. Since there are too many numerical values to enumerate, the present invention only discloses some numerical values to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and moreover, the numerical values listed above should not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0072] If terms such as "first" and "second" are used in this text to limit components, those skilled in the art should be aware that the use of "first" and "second" is merely for the convenience of differentiating components in description. Without additional statements, these terms have no special meaning.

[0073] If the present invention discloses or involves components or structural members that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection can be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (for example, connected using bolts or screws), or it can also be understood as: a non-detachable fixed connection (for example, riveting, welding). Of course, the mutually fixed connection can also be replaced by an integral structure (for example, manufactured integrally by casting process) (except when it is clearly impossible to use the integral forming process).

[0074] In addition, for the positional relationships indicated by terms used in any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, such as "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., the orientation or positional relationship is based on the indicated orientation or positional relationship. It is only for the convenience of describing this patent and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this patent. And for the terms used to represent shapes in any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, unless otherwise stated, their meanings include shapes that are approximate, similar, or close to them.

[0075] Any component provided by the present invention can either be assembled from multiple separate components or be a single component manufactured by an integral forming process.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it is still possible to modify the specific implementation manners of the present invention or perform equivalent replacements for some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, they should all be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the safety of a house wall after soil covering around a dangerous rock falling on a slope, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step S1: Measure and determine the length L, width W, and height H of the dangerous rock on the slope, and calculate and determine the volume V of the dangerous rock on the slope. The calculation formula for the volume V of the dangerous rock on the slope is as follows: V = LWH; Step S2: Measure and determine the mass M0 and volume V0 of some samples of the dangerous rock on the slope, and calculate and determine the density ρ of the dangerous rock on the slope. The calculation formula for the density ρ of the dangerous rock on the slope is as follows: Step S3: Measure the vertical distance h0 and horizontal distance l0 from the dangerous rock on the slope to the toe of the slope, and calculate and determine the slope angle α. The calculation formula for the slope angle α is as follows: Step S4: Determine the initial velocity v0 when the dangerous rock starts to move; Step S5: Calculate and determine the velocity v when the dangerous rock falls to the surface of the overburden soil. The calculation formula for the velocity v is as follows: where g is the acceleration due to gravity and μ is the sliding friction coefficient of the dangerous rock; Step S6: Calculate and determine the impact force F when the dangerous rock falls onto the soil covering surface d , the impact force F d The calculation formula is as follows: where Δt is the action time of the dangerous rock impacting the overburden soil; Step S7: Determine the unit weight γ of the overburden soil; Step S8: Calculate and determine the overburden static pressure p acting on the wall s , the overburden static pressure p s has the following calculation formula: p s = γh1k s Among them, h1 is the covering soil height, and k s is a coefficient; Step S9: Calculate and determine the impact force p acting on the wall after the overburden buffer of the dangerous rock impact force d2 , the impact force p d2 The calculation formula is as follows: where b and l are the width and length of the smaller of the two areas, namely the side and top surface of the dangerous rock facing the overburden soil, W0 is the overburden soil thickness, and θ is the angle; Step S10: Calculate and determine the total pressure p exerted on the wall a , the total pressure p a has the following calculation formula: p a = p s + p d2 Step S11: Determine the safety of the wall after soil covering. If p a ≤ [P], the wall is in a safe state; otherwise, if p a > [P], the wall is in a dangerous state, where [P] is the allowable pressure of the wall.

2. The security determination method according to claim 1, wherein In Step S4, if the dangerous rock is removed by the crowbar method, the initial velocity v0 is taken as 0; if the dangerous rock is removed by the blasting method, the initial velocity v0 is determined according to construction experience, or theoretical calculation methods, or by conducting small-scale blasting tests.

3. The security determination method according to claim 1, wherein In Step S5, μ is taken as 0.

35.

4. The security determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that In Step S6, Δt is taken as 0.03 s.

5. The security determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S8, the covering soil height h1 is determined by the on-site construction plan, and k s is taken as 0.

40.

6. The security determination method according to claim 1, wherein In Step S9, the overburden soil thickness W0 is determined by the on-site construction plan, and the angle θ is taken as 23°.

7. The security determination method according to claim 1, wherein In Step S11, the allowable pressure [P] of the wall is determined by a structural engineer in combination with the wall thickness, concrete strength, steel reinforcement, and stress conditions.

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