A solar laminated cell, cell assembly and photovoltaic system

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of solar cells, and provides a solar laminated cell, a cell assembly and a photovoltaic system. The solar laminated cell comprises a first cell, a composite layer and a second cell which are sequentially stacked, the first cell comprises a glass substrate, a conductive layer, a first transport layer, a first light-absorbing layer and a second transport layer which are sequentially stacked, and the second cell comprises a third transport layer, a second light-absorbing layer, a fourth transport layer and an electrode which are sequentially stacked along the direction from the first cell to the composite layer; the first light-absorbing layer comprises a first region and a second region, the first region is provided with a perovskite light-absorbing block, and the second region is provided with an organic light-absorbing block. In this way, the band gap of the first cell can be adjusted through the organic light-absorbing block, and the light is selectively absorbed and transmitted, so that the second cell fully absorbs the sunlight transmitted from the first cell, and the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar laminated cell is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of solar cell technology, and particularly relates to a solar tandem cell, a cell module and a photovoltaic system. Background Technology

[0002] Solar cell power generation is a sustainable and clean energy source that uses the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor pn junctions to convert sunlight into electrical energy.

[0003] In related technologies, two sub-cells are typically stacked to form a tandem solar cell. However, with one sub-cell acting as the top cell and the other as the bottom cell, there is an inherent difference in how they receive directly incident sunlight. Furthermore, besides direct sunlight, sunlight transmitted from one sub-cell can also reach the other, and the sub-cells typically have difficulty transmitting large amounts of sunlight, or they may have difficulty absorbing sunlight transmitted from the other sub-cell. All of these factors significantly affect the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the tandem solar cell.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of tandem solar cells has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a solar tandem cell, a cell module, and a photovoltaic system, aiming to solve the problem of how to improve the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the tandem cell.

[0006] The solar tandem cell provided in this application includes a first cell, a composite layer, and a second cell stacked sequentially. The first cell includes a glass substrate, a conductive layer, a first transport layer, a first light-absorbing layer, and a second transport layer stacked sequentially. The second cell includes a third transport layer, a second light-absorbing layer, a fourth transport layer, and an electrode stacked sequentially along the direction from the first cell to the composite layer. The first light-absorbing layer includes a first region and a second region. The first region is provided with perovskite light-absorbing blocks, and the second region is provided with organic light-absorbing blocks.

[0007] Optionally, the number of the perovskite light-absorbing block is one, and the number of the organic light-absorbing blocks is multiple, with the multiple organic light-absorbing blocks spaced apart by the one perovskite light-absorbing block.

[0008] Optionally, the projection of the organic light-absorbing block onto the glass substrate is circular.

[0009] Optionally, each of the organic light-absorbing blocks includes a corresponding stacked donor layer and acceptor layer. For one organic light-absorbing block:

[0010] The donor layer is a PTB7-Th layer, and the acceptor layer is an IEICO-4F layer;

[0011] Alternatively, the donor layer may be a PTB7-Th layer, and the acceptor layer may be a Y6 layer;

[0012] Alternatively, the donor layer may be a PM6 layer and the acceptor layer may be a Y7 layer;

[0013] Alternatively, the donor layer may be a PM6 layer and the acceptor layer may be a Y6 layer.

[0014] Optionally, the thickness of the organic light-absorbing block is 80nm-500nm.

[0015] Optionally, the thickness of the perovskite light-absorbing block is 300nm-600nm.

[0016] Optionally, the thickness of the composite layer is 10nm-40nm.

[0017] Optionally, the thickness of the electrode is 10nm-30nm.

[0018] Optionally, the organic light-absorbing block includes an acceptor layer and a corresponding donor layer, wherein the absorption edge of the material of the acceptor layer is 700nm-1200nm.

[0019] The battery module provided in this application includes any of the above-mentioned solar tandem cells.

[0020] The photovoltaic system provided in this application includes the aforementioned battery modules.

[0021] The solar tandem cell, cell module, and photovoltaic system of this application embodiment, since the first light-absorbing layer includes perovskite light-absorbing blocks and organic light-absorbing blocks, can absorb and transmit light differently through different light-absorbing blocks, so that the second cell can fully absorb the sunlight transmitted from the first cell, making the photocurrent of the first cell and the second cell more matched, which is beneficial to improving the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar tandem cell. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar tandem battery according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first light-absorbing layer of the solar tandem cell according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0025] The solar tandem cell 100, first cell 10, glass substrate 11, conductive layer 12, first transmission layer 13, first light-absorbing layer 14, perovskite light-absorbing block 141, organic light-absorbing block 142, second transmission layer 15, composite layer 101, second cell 20, third transmission layer 21, second light-absorbing layer 22, fourth transmission layer 23, and electrode 24. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0027] In this application, since the first light-absorbing layer includes perovskite light-absorbing blocks and organic light-absorbing blocks, different light-absorbing blocks can be used to absorb and transmit light in different ways, so that the second cell can fully absorb the sunlight transmitted from the first cell, which is beneficial to improving the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar tandem cell.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The solar tandem cell 100 of this application embodiment includes a first cell 10, a composite layer 101 and a second cell 20 stacked sequentially; the first cell 10 includes a glass substrate 11, a conductive layer 12, a first transport layer 13, a first light-absorbing layer 14 and a second transport layer 15 stacked sequentially; the second cell 20 includes a third transport layer 21, a second light-absorbing layer 22, a fourth transport layer 23 and an electrode 24 stacked sequentially along the direction from the first cell 10 to the composite layer 101; the first light-absorbing layer 14 includes a first region and a second region, the first region is provided with a perovskite light-absorbing block 141 and the second region is provided with an organic light-absorbing block 142.

[0030] In the solar tandem cell 100 of this application embodiment, since the first light-absorbing layer 14 includes perovskite light-absorbing blocks 141 and organic light-absorbing blocks 142, different light-absorbing blocks can absorb and transmit light differently, so that the second cell 20 can fully absorb the sunlight transmitted from the first cell 10, which is beneficial to improving the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar tandem cell 100.

[0031] It is understandable that if the organic light-absorbing block 142 is not provided, and the first light-absorbing layer 14 is entirely a perovskite layer, then all the sunlight incident on the first battery 10 that can be absorbed by the perovskite layer will be absorbed at the first light-absorbing layer 14, and will not be able to transmit to the perovskite layer of the second battery 20. Furthermore, one of the first battery 10 and the second battery 20 is the bottom battery, and the other is the top battery, so the amount of sunlight they can receive naturally differs. Thus, when the first battery 10 and the second battery 20 are connected through the composite layer 101, the photocurrents of the first battery 10 and the second battery 20 are prone to mismatch, resulting in poor overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar tandem battery 100.

[0032] It is understood that the organic light-absorbing block 142 can also absorb light and generate current, but the wavelength of light absorption and the effect of current generation are different from those of perovskite. In this application, by setting the organic light-absorbing block 142, the sunlight incident on the organic light-absorbing block 142 that can be absorbed by the perovskite layer will be transmitted through the organic light-absorbing block 142 and incident on the perovskite layer of the second cell 20 and absorbed, which can increase the photocurrent of the second cell 20. In this way, the difference in light absorption between the organic light-absorbing block 142 and the perovskite can be utilized to make the photocurrent of the first cell 10 and the second cell 20 more matched, thereby improving the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar tandem cell 100.

[0033] Specifically, the amount of light transmitted by the organic light-absorbing block 142 and the amount of current generated by the organic light-absorbing block 142 can be adjusted by adjusting the area ratio of the organic light-absorbing block 142 to the perovskite light-absorbing block 141, thereby adjusting the current matching degree of the first battery 10 and the second battery 20; the amount of light transmitted by the organic light-absorbing block 142 and the amount of current generated by the organic light-absorbing block 142 can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the organic light-absorbing block 142, thereby adjusting the current matching degree of the first battery 10 and the second battery 20.

[0034] In this embodiment, the organic light-absorbing block 142 can absorb ultraviolet and infrared light and transmit visible light. After passing through the first battery 10, the visible light can be incident on the second battery 20, allowing the second battery 20 to fully absorb sunlight. In other embodiments, the organic light-absorbing block 142 can also selectively transmit light of other wavelengths. The specific wavelengths of light transmitted or absorbed by the organic light-absorbing block 142 are not limited here.

[0035] Specifically, the absorption and transmission of light by the organic light-absorbing block 142 can be adjusted by adjusting the material concentration of the organic light-absorbing block 142; the absorption and transmission of light by the organic light-absorbing block 142 can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the organic light-absorbing block 142.

[0036] Specifically, the glass substrate 11 can be a transparent glass substrate 11. Further, the transmittance of the glass substrate 11 can be greater than 90%, for example, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%. Thus, the high transmittance of the glass substrate 11 allows more sunlight to enter the solar tandem cell 100, which is beneficial for improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. Preferably, the transmittance of the glass substrate 11 is 92%.

[0037] Specifically, the glass substrate 11 includes one or more of float glass, patterned glass, tempered glass, anti-reflective glass, PET, PEN, PEI, and PMMA. Thus, a variety of glass substrates 11 are provided to facilitate selection based on actual production needs.

[0038] Specifically, the conductive layer 12 comprises a transparent conductive oxide (TCO). Thus, the TCO can effectively collect the current from the solar tandem cell 100, ensuring its normal operation. Furthermore, the TCO has high transmittance and anti-reflective properties, reducing sunlight loss. This contributes to improving photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0039] Furthermore, the transparent conductive oxide includes one or more of the following: fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), aluminum-doped tin oxide (ATO), and indium-doped gallium oxide (IGO).

[0040] Specifically, one of the first transport layer 13 and the second transport layer 15 is an electron transport layer, and the other is a hole transport layer.

[0041] Furthermore, the electron transport layer includes one or more of the following: a C60 layer, a PCBM layer, a titanium oxide (TiO2) layer, a zinc oxide (ZnO) layer, a zinc stannate (ZnSnO4) layer, or a tin oxide (SnO2) layer.

[0042] Furthermore, the hole transport layer includes one or more of the following: PEDOT: PSS layer, NiOx layer, Spiro-oMeTad layer, CuPc layer, CuSCN layer, and PTAA layer.

[0043] In this way, holes and electrons excited by sunlight can be transported in a timely manner through the first transport layer 13 and the second transport layer 15, preventing the accumulation of holes and electrons from affecting the lifespan of the solar tandem cell 100. Moreover, the hole transport layer can also block electrons, and the electron transport layer can also block holes, thereby reducing the recombination of holes and electrons.

[0044] Furthermore, the thickness of the first transport layer 13 is 10nm-40nm. For example, it is 10nm, 15nm, 20nm, 30nm, or 40nm. This ensures that the thickness of the first transport layer 13 is within a suitable range, guaranteeing the effect of transporting one type of charge carrier while blocking another.

[0045] Furthermore, the thickness of the second transport layer 15 is 10nm-40nm. For example, it is 10nm, 15nm, 20nm, 30nm, or 40nm. This ensures that the thickness of the second transport layer 15 is within a suitable range, guaranteeing the effect of transporting one type of charge carrier while blocking another.

[0046] Specifically, the first light-absorbing layer 14 is divided into a first region and a second region. The first region is where perovskite light-absorbing blocks 141 are disposed, and the second region is where organic light-absorbing blocks 142 are disposed. Thus, the first light-absorbing layer 14 does not include any regions other than the first and second regions, allowing full utilization of the space within the first light-absorbing layer 14 to accommodate the perovskite light-absorbing blocks 141 and the organic light-absorbing blocks 142, thereby significantly improving the light absorption effect. In other embodiments, the first light-absorbing layer 14 may also include regions other than the first and second regions.

[0047] Please note that since the first region is where the perovskite light-absorbing block 141 is set and the second region is where the organic light-absorbing block 142 is set, the distribution of the first region and the second region corresponds to the distribution of the perovskite light-absorbing block 141 and the organic light-absorbing block 142, and they can be referenced together. This article only describes the distribution of the perovskite light-absorbing block 141 and the organic light-absorbing block 142.

[0048] Specifically, the perovskite light absorber 141 has an ABX3 crystal structure, where A is Cs. + CH(NH2)2 + CH3NH3 + C(NH2)3 + One or more of them, where B is Pb 2+ Sn 2+ At least one of them, wherein X is Br - I - Cl - One or more of these. This results in better light absorption of the perovskite light absorber 141, which is beneficial for improving photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0049] For example, A is Cs + B is Pb 2+ X is Br - For example, A is Cs + and CH(NH2)2 + B is Pb 2+ X is Br - For example, A is Cs + B is Pb 2+ and Sn 2+ X is Br - For example, A is Cs + B is Pb 2+ X is Br- and I - For example, A is CH3NH3 + and C(NH2)3 + B is Pb 2+ X is I - and Cl - For example, A is Cs + CH(NH2)2 + CH3NH3 + and C(NH2)3 + B is Pb 2+ and Sn 2+ X can be Br-, I-, or Cl-.

[0050] Specifically, the composite layer 101 is an ITO layer, a silver layer, or a stacked ITO layer and a silver layer. This allows the first battery 10 and the second battery 20 to be electrically connected, ensuring the normal function of the solar tandem battery 100.

[0051] Specifically, the third transport layer 21 and the fourth transport layer 23 are similar to the first transport layer 13 and the second transport layer 15 mentioned above. The explanation and description of the third transport layer 21 and the fourth transport layer 23 can be found in the previous text. To avoid redundancy, they will not be repeated here.

[0052] In this embodiment, the second light-absorbing layer 22 is a perovskite layer. For an explanation and description of the second light-absorbing layer 22, please refer to the section on the perovskite light-absorbing block 141 above; to avoid redundancy, it will not be repeated here.

[0053] In other embodiments, the second light-absorbing layer 22 may include a perovskite light-absorbing block 141 and an organic light-absorbing block 142. For an explanation and description of the second light-absorbing layer 22, please refer to the preceding section on the first light-absorbing layer 14; to avoid redundancy, it will not be repeated here.

[0054] Specifically, electrode 24 comprises one or more of gold, silver, aluminum, and graphene. Thus, electrode 24 has good conductivity, enabling it to conduct current from the solar tandem cell 100.

[0055] Optionally, during the fabrication of the solar tandem cell 100, the glass substrate 11 with the conductive layer 12 can be cleaned; a first transport layer 13 can be deposited on the conductive layer 12; a perovskite light-absorbing block 141 and an organic light-absorbing block 142 can be deposited in the first and second regions of the first transport layer 13, respectively, to form a first light-absorbing layer 14; a second transport layer 15 can be deposited on the first light-absorbing layer 14; a composite layer 101 can be deposited on the second transport layer 15; a third transport layer 21 can be deposited on the composite layer 101; a second light-absorbing layer 22 can be deposited on the third transport layer 21; a fourth transport layer 23 can be deposited on the second light-absorbing layer 22; and an electrode 24 can be deposited on the fourth transport layer 23.

[0056] Specifically, when cleaning the glass substrate 11 with the conductive layer 12, it can be ultrasonically cleaned sequentially using a phosphate-free cleaner, deionized water, acetone, and IPA; then it is purged with high-purity nitrogen. Further, the ultrasonic cleaning time is 10-20 minutes, for example, 12 minutes, 15 minutes, 18 minutes, and 20 minutes. Preferably, the ultrasonic cleaning time is 15 minutes. This results in better cleaning and facilitates subsequent film deposition.

[0057] Specifically, when depositing one of the above-mentioned film layers, one or more of the following methods can be used: solution coating, physical vapor deposition, screen printing, chemical vapor deposition, electroplating, electroless plating, and ion plating.

[0058] Specifically, a perovskite light-absorbing block 141 and an organic light-absorbing block 142 can be deposited in the first and second regions of the first transport layer 13, respectively, using a mask. The mask can be a predetermined pattern. The mask can be customized according to the desired position and shape of the organic light-absorbing block 142.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Please see Figure 2 In some alternative embodiments, the number of perovskite light-absorbing blocks 141 is one, and the number of organic light-absorbing blocks 142 is multiple, with multiple organic light-absorbing blocks 142 spaced apart by one perovskite light-absorbing block 141.

[0061] This facilitates the staggered distribution of organic light-absorbing blocks 142 and perovskite light-absorbing materials, which is beneficial for improving production efficiency. Moreover, since there are multiple organic light-absorbing blocks 142, selective absorption and transmission of light can be performed at multiple locations, allowing for more flexible adjustment of the amount of light transmitted by the organic light-absorbing blocks 142 and the amount of current generated, resulting in better current matching.

[0062] In other embodiments, there may be multiple perovskite light-absorbing blocks 141 and one organic light-absorbing block 142, with the multiple perovskite light-absorbing blocks 141 spaced apart by a single organic light-absorbing block 142. In other embodiments, there may also be multiple perovskite light-absorbing blocks 141 and multiple organic light-absorbing blocks 142, with the multiple perovskite light-absorbing blocks 141 and multiple organic light-absorbing blocks 142 distributed alternately. The specific distribution of the perovskite light-absorbing blocks 141 and organic light-absorbing blocks 142 is not limited here.

[0063] In this embodiment, a perovskite light-absorbing block 141 is fabricated in a first region using a mask, and an organic light-absorbing block 142 is fabricated in a second region. This makes the positions of the perovskite light-absorbing block 141 and the organic light-absorbing block 142 more accurate.

[0064] In other embodiments, a perovskite light-absorbing layer can be fabricated as a whole layer, with through holes opened in multiple second regions of the whole layer, and organic light-absorbing blocks 142 disposed in the through holes, while the perovskite light-absorbing layer outside the through holes is a single perovskite light-absorbing block 141.

[0065] In this embodiment, at least two sets of adjacent organic light-absorbing blocks 142 are spaced at the same distance. Preferably, any two sets of adjacent organic light-absorbing blocks 142 are spaced at the same distance. This ensures that the organic light-absorbing blocks 142 are evenly distributed, resulting in a more uniform area for selective absorption and transmission of light, leading to better performance and improved photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0066] In other embodiments, there may also be two sets of adjacent organic light-absorbing blocks 142 with different spacing.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] Please see Figure 2 In some alternative embodiments, the projection of the organic light-absorbing block 142 onto the glass substrate 11 is circular.

[0069] Thus, the organic light-absorbing block 142 has a relatively regular shape, which is easy to manufacture and helps to improve production efficiency.

[0070] In other embodiments, the projection of the organic light-absorbing block 142 onto the glass substrate 11 may also be rectangular, square, elliptical, triangular, racetrack-shaped, or other shapes, without limitation.

[0071] Specifically, all the organic light-absorbing blocks 142 project onto the glass substrate 11 in a circular shape with the same diameter. This facilitates manufacturing and allows for easy adjustment of the current matching on a per-block basis (organic light-absorbing block 142).

[0072] In other embodiments, all organic light-absorbing blocks 142 may have different shapes; some organic light-absorbing blocks 142 may have the same shape, while the rest may have different shapes; or all organic light-absorbing blocks 142 may have the same shape but different sizes. The relationship between the shape and size of the multiple organic light-absorbing blocks 142 is not limited here.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] In some alternative embodiments, each organic light-absorbing block 142 includes a correspondingly stacked donor layer and acceptor layer. For one organic light-absorbing block 142:

[0075] The donor layer is the PTB7-Th layer, and the acceptor layer is the IEICO-4F layer;

[0076] Alternatively, the donor layer may be the PTB7-Th layer, and the acceptor layer may be the Y6 layer;

[0077] Alternatively, the donor layer is the PM6 layer and the acceptor layer is the Y7 layer;

[0078] Alternatively, the donor layer may be PM6 and the acceptor layer may be Y6.

[0079] Thus, the materials of the donor layer and acceptor layer of the organic light-absorbing block 142 are more suitable, so that the ability of the organic light-absorbing block 142 to absorb and transmit light is at an appropriate level, which is beneficial to adjusting the current matching degree of the first battery 10 and the second battery 20.

[0080] Please note that the above four cases refer to an organic light-absorbing block 142. That is to say, for an organic light-absorbing block 142, the donor layer and the acceptor layer are one of these four cases.

[0081] When there are multiple organic light-absorbing blocks 142, all organic light-absorbing blocks 142 may be identical, which is one of the four cases; some organic light-absorbing blocks 142 may be identical, which is one of the four cases; or all organic light-absorbing blocks 142 may be different, which are multiple of the four cases. No limitation is made here.

[0082] Example 5

[0083] In some alternative embodiments, the thickness of the organic light-absorbing block 142 is 80nm-500nm. For example, it is 80nm, 90nm, 100nm, 250nm, 400nm, or 500nm.

[0084] This ensures that the thickness of the organic light-absorbing block 142 is within a suitable range, avoiding poor current matching due to excessively large or small thickness of the organic light-absorbing block 142, which is beneficial to improving the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0085] Example 6

[0086] In some alternative embodiments, the thickness of the perovskite light-absorbing block 141 is 300 nm to 600 nm. For example, it is 300 nm, 400 nm, 500 nm, or 600 nm.

[0087] This ensures that the thickness of the perovskite light-absorbing block 141 is within a suitable range, resulting in better light absorption and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the first cell 10.

[0088] Example 7

[0089] In some alternative embodiments, the thickness of the composite layer 101 is 10nm-40nm. For example, it is 10nm, 15nm, 20nm, 30nm, or 40nm.

[0090] This ensures that the thickness of the composite layer 101 is within a suitable range, avoiding poor conductivity due to insufficient thickness and material waste due to excessive thickness.

[0091] Example 8

[0092] In some alternative embodiments, the thickness of electrode 24 is 10nm-30nm. For example, it is 10nm, 15nm, 20nm, 25nm, or 30nm.

[0093] This ensures that the thickness of electrode 24 is within a suitable range, avoiding poor current conduction due to excessive thickness and material waste due to excessive thickness.

[0094] Example 9

[0095] In some alternative embodiments, the organic light-absorbing block 142 includes an acceptor layer and a corresponding donor layer, wherein the absorption edge of the acceptor layer material is 700nm-1200nm, for example, 700nm, 800nm, 1000nm, 1100nm, or 1200nm.

[0096] This ensures that the absorption edge of the acceptor layer material is within a suitable range, making the acceptor layer material more suitable and thus improving the current matching effect.

[0097] Example 10

[0098] The battery assembly of this application includes a solar tandem cell 100 of any one of embodiments one through nine.

[0099] In the battery assembly of this application embodiment, since the first light-absorbing layer 14 includes perovskite light-absorbing blocks 141 and organic light-absorbing blocks 142, different light-absorbing blocks can absorb and transmit light differently, so that the second battery 20 can fully absorb the sunlight transmitted from the first battery 10, which is beneficial to improving the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar tandem battery 100.

[0100] In this embodiment, multiple solar tandem cells 100 in the battery module can be connected in series to form a battery string, thereby realizing the series current collection and output. For example, the battery cells can be connected in series by setting solder strips (busbars, interconnecting strips), conductive backplates, etc.

[0101] It is understood that in such embodiments, the battery assembly may also include a metal frame, a backsheet, photovoltaic glass, and an encapsulating film. The encapsulating film may be filled between the front and back sides of the solar tandem cell 100, as well as between the photovoltaic glass and adjacent cells. As a filler, it may be a transparent colloid with good light transmittance and aging resistance. For example, the encapsulating film may be an EVA film or a POE film, and the specific choice can be made according to the actual situation, without limitation.

[0102] Photovoltaic glass can be applied to the encapsulating film on the front side of the solar tandem cell 100. The photovoltaic glass can be ultra-clear glass, which has high light transmittance, high transparency, and superior physical, mechanical, and optical properties. For example, ultra-clear glass can achieve a light transmittance of over 92%. It can protect the solar tandem cell 100 while minimizing impact on its efficiency. Simultaneously, the encapsulating film bonds the photovoltaic glass and the solar tandem cell 100 together, providing sealing, insulation, waterproofing, and moisture protection for the solar tandem cell 100.

[0103] The backsheet can be attached to the adhesive film on the back of the solar tandem cell 100. The backsheet provides protection and support for the solar tandem cell 100, and has reliable insulation, water resistance, and aging resistance. Multiple backsheet options are available, typically including tempered glass, acrylic glass, aluminum alloy TPT composite adhesive film, etc., and the specific choice is determined based on the specific circumstances and is not limited here. The backsheet, solar tandem cell 100, adhesive film, and photovoltaic glass can be mounted on a metal frame. The metal frame serves as the main external support structure for the entire battery module, providing stable support and installation. For example, the battery module can be installed at the desired location using the metal frame.

[0104] Example 11

[0105] The photovoltaic system of this application includes the battery module of Embodiment 10.

[0106] In the photovoltaic system of this application embodiment, since the first light-absorbing layer 14 includes perovskite light-absorbing blocks 141 and organic light-absorbing blocks 142, different light-absorbing blocks can absorb and transmit light differently, so that the second cell 20 can fully absorb the sunlight transmitted from the first cell 10, which is beneficial to improving the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar tandem cell 100.

[0107] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic system can be applied in photovoltaic power plants, such as ground-mounted power plants, rooftop power plants, and floating power plants. It can also be applied to equipment or devices that utilize solar energy to generate electricity, such as user solar power supplies, solar streetlights, solar cars, and solar buildings. Of course, it is understood that the application scenarios of the photovoltaic system are not limited to these; that is, the photovoltaic system can be applied in all fields that require solar energy to generate electricity. Taking a photovoltaic power generation system network as an example, the photovoltaic system may include a photovoltaic array, a combiner box, and an inverter. The photovoltaic array may be an array combination of multiple battery modules; for example, multiple battery modules can form multiple photovoltaic arrays. The photovoltaic array is connected to the combiner box, which can collect the current generated by the photovoltaic array. The collected current flows through the inverter and is converted into AC power required by the mains power grid before being connected to the mains power grid to achieve solar power supply.

[0108] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in the various embodiments or examples of this application can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. A solar tandem battery, characterized in that, The device includes a first battery, a composite layer, and a second battery stacked sequentially. The first battery includes a glass substrate, a conductive layer, a first transport layer, a first light-absorbing layer, and a second transport layer stacked sequentially. The second battery includes a third transport layer, a second light-absorbing layer, a fourth transport layer, and an electrode stacked sequentially along the direction from the first battery to the composite layer. The first light-absorbing layer includes a first region and a second region. The first region is provided with perovskite light-absorbing blocks, and the second region is provided with organic light-absorbing blocks. The second light-absorbing layer is a perovskite layer; or, the second light-absorbing layer includes a perovskite light-absorbing block and an organic light-absorbing block.

2. The solar tandem battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the perovskite light-absorbing block is one, and the number of the organic light-absorbing blocks is multiple, with the multiple organic light-absorbing blocks separated by the one perovskite light-absorbing block.

3. The solar tandem battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projection of the organic light-absorbing block onto the glass substrate is circular.

4. The solar tandem battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the organic light-absorbing blocks includes a corresponding stacked donor layer and acceptor layer. For one organic light-absorbing block: The donor layer is a PTB7-Th layer, and the acceptor layer is an IEICO-4F layer; Alternatively, the donor layer may be a PTB7-Th layer, and the acceptor layer may be a Y6 layer; Alternatively, the donor layer may be a PM6 layer and the acceptor layer may be a Y7 layer; Alternatively, the donor layer may be a PM6 layer and the acceptor layer may be a Y6 layer.

5. The solar tandem battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the organic light-absorbing block is 80nm-500nm.

6. The solar tandem cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the perovskite light-absorbing block is 300nm-600nm.

7. The solar tandem battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the composite layer is 10nm-40nm.

8. The solar tandem battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the electrode is 10nm-30nm.

9. The solar tandem battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic light-absorbing block includes an acceptor layer and a corresponding donor layer, wherein the absorption edge of the material of the acceptor layer is 700nm-1200nm.

10. A battery assembly, characterized in that, Includes the solar tandem cell as described in any one of claims 1-9.

11. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that, Includes the battery assembly as described in claim 10.

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