A voltage-regulating and constant-current solid water and fertilizer dilution device

Abstract

The present application discloses a voltage-regulating and constant-current solid water and fertilizer dilution device, which includes: a dilution cylinder, a bracket, a pump system, an automatic fertilizer supply system and a measurement and control system, and is integrated through the bracket. The dilution cylinder forms two independent concentric cylindrical closed cavities through the setting of a detachable filter screen: a solid water and fertilizer dilution cavity and a uniformly output cavity of the fertilizer effect after filtration; a centrifugal water flow that forms a circular motion by spraying is used as the power source for diluting the solid water and fertilizer. The flow disturbing member changes the axial and radial liquid flow directions and the relative linear velocity in the cylinder to improve the uniformity of the diluted water and fertilizer elements and shorten the dissolution time of the water and fertilizer particles. The fertilizer spreading impeller improves the radial uniformity of the water and fertilizer particles incorporated into the diluted water flow. The wave suppression sheet suppresses the waveform of the maximum radial centrifugal water flow in the filter cylinder and improves the overall operation stability of the device. A fertilizer supply metering adjustable controller is provided to accurately control the consistency of the fertilizer application amount per mu per unit time. The device operates with input and output flow conservation, that is, it dissolves and applies immediately, ensuring the uniformity of the fertilizer effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to a dilution device for instant dissolution and application of solid granular water and fertilizer, and conservation exchange of water and liquid flow rates, and particularly relates to a pressure-regulating and constant-flow solid water and fertilizer dilution and fertilization device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of agricultural modernization, in the fertilization production of large-area water-saving irrigation agriculture, solid fertilizers are usually applied by installing a fertilization tank in a high-efficiency water-saving irrigation pipeline or a quantitative pre-dissolved water and fertilizer integrated machine. This easily causes a reduction in the flow rate of the main irrigation pipeline, uneven mu fertilization amount, blockage of the capillary or drip emitter near the fertilization tank due to incomplete dissolution, uneven fertilizer efficiency of the drip emitter, and waste of fertilizer. Along with the development trend of land intensification, refinement, and high efficiency, growers' demands for refined and high-efficiency management of crops are increasing. The planting concept of obtaining benefits from the planting area is transformed into the concept of obtaining benefits from the planting area, mu, and plant. Precise fertilization of good crop fertilizers to each plant, so precise fertilization of large-area land has attracted more and more attention from growers. However, the current solid fertilizer dilution and fertilization devices still have the following problems:

[0003] 1): Diluting solid fertilizers in the fertilizer tank requires the pressure of pipeline water flow for flushing, resulting in a reduction in the pressure and flow rate of the main irrigation pipeline.

[0004] 2): The mu fertilization amount is uneven.

[0005] 3): The specific fertilization position is uncertain, and the fertilizer efficiency at the specific fertilization position is uncertain.

[0006] 4): The capillary or drip emitter near the fertilization tank is easily blocked due to incomplete dissolution.

[0007] 5): Due to the uncertainty of the time period of the molten state of solid granular water and fertilizer in the tank, the fertilizer efficiency is inconsistent at different time periods, and the fertilizer efficiency cannot be precisely applied to each plant.

[0008] 6): When changing the irrigation position during the flushing process, it is easy to cause uneven fertilizer elements in the front and back flushing.

[0009] 7): During secondary irrigation, it is necessary to discharge the fertilizers remaining in the tank that are not completely dissolved, resulting in waste.

[0010] 8): The volume of the fertilization tank is limited, frequent addition and application result in high manual labor intensity and low automation level. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The main object of the present application is to provide a pressure-regulating and constant-flow solid water and fertilizer dilution device, including: a dilution cylinder (1), a bracket (2), a pump system (3), an automatic fertilizer supply system (4), and a measurement and control system (5);

[0012] Among them, the dilution cylinder (1), the pump system (3), the automatic fertilizer supply system (4), and the measurement and control system (5) are all installed on the bracket (2), and the dilution cylinder (1) is connected to the automatic fertilizer supply system (4) and the pump system (3), and the measurement and control system (5) is connected to the dilution cylinder (1), the automatic fertilizer supply system (4), and the pump system (5);

[0013] The measurement and control system (5) controls the water flow rate input and output from the dilution cylinder (1) by the pump system (3). The measurement and control system (5) controls the automatic fertilizer supply system (4) to transport the solid water and fertilizer particles to be diluted into the dilution cylinder (1). The measurement and control system (5) controls the dilution cylinder (1) to dilute the solid water and fertilizer particles, and the measurement and control system (5) controls the dilution cylinder (1) to output the diluted water and fertilizer.

[0014] Optionally, the dilution cylinder includes: an outer housing (101), a cylinder bottom plate (102), a filter screen support plate (103), a spray head water distribution pipe (104), a spoiler (105), a centrifugal wave suppression sheet (106), a centripetal spoiler (107), an input water pipe (108), a spray head (109), a detachable filter screen sheet (110), a fertilizer spreading wave wheel (116), a dust and splash prevention cover plate (127), and a connecting member (126);

[0015] Among them, one end of the spray head water distribution pipe (104) passes through the filter plate support plate (103), and the other end is radially connected to the input water pipe (108). The outer housing (101) is connected to the filter plate support plate (103) through the spoiler (105). The centrifugal wave suppression sheet (106) is arranged between the outer housing (101) and the filter plate support plate (103). The spray heads (109) are arranged inside and outside the connection point of the spray head water distribution pipe (104) and the filter screen support plate (103) in the same direction. One end of the centripetal spoiler (107) close to the input water pipe (108) is connected to the spray head water distribution pipe (104). Detachable filter screen sheets (110) are arranged between two adjacent filter screen support plates (103) in the radial circumference inside the cylinder. The top of the input water pipe (108) is closed, and a bearing (117) is arranged to connect the fertilizer spreading wave wheel (116).

[0016] Optionally, the pump system includes: an input variable frequency voltage regulating water pump (301), an output variable frequency voltage regulating water pump (302), a first water source input joint (303), a water outlet (304), a first valve (305), a tee (306), a flow meter sensor (307), a second valve (308), a second water source input joint (309), an internal circulation dilution liquid output joint (310), a water inlet (311), an external circulation dilution liquid output joint (312), and a liquid level gauge (313);

[0017] Among them, the water inlet of the input variable-frequency voltage-regulating water pump (301) is the first water source input joint (303), which provides the input power water source for the internal circulation. The water outlet (304) is connected to the first valve (305) and then to the first end of the tee (306). The second end of the tee (306) is connected to the power and water source input hole (123) of the dilution cylinder (1) after connecting the flowmeter sensor (307). The third end of the tee is connected to the output end of the second valve (308). The input end of the second valve (308) is connected to the external circulation power and the second water source input joint (309). The water outlet of the output variable-frequency voltage-regulating water pump (302) is connected to the internal circulation dilution liquid output joint (310), and the water inlet (311) is connected to the first valve (305) and then to the first end of the tee (306). The second end of the tee (306) is connected to the dilution liquid output hole (124) of the dilution cylinder (1) after connecting the flowmeter sensor (307). The third end of the tee (306) is connected to the input end of the second valve (308), and the output end of the second valve (308) is connected to the external circulation dilution liquid output joint (312). The liquid level gauge (313) is arranged at the axial position of the outer circle of the dilution cylinder (1).

[0018] Optionally, the automatic fertilizer supply system includes: a fertilizer applicator (401), a screw conveyor (402), a fertilizer storage tank (403), a fertilizer guide cylinder (404), a fertilizer bin (405), and a controller (408);

[0019] Among them, the solid water and fertilizer particles to be diluted in the fertilizer storage tank (403) are pumped into the fertilizer guide cylinder (404) by the screw conveyor (402) and then enter the fertilizer bin (405).

[0020] Optionally, the measurement and control system (5) includes: an electric control box (501), a controller (408), an upper limit sensor (406), a lower limit sensor (407), and a material shortage sensor (418);

[0021] Among them, the electric control box (501) and the controller (408) are installed on the bracket (2), and the upper limit sensor (406), the lower limit sensor (407), and the material shortage sensor (418) are installed in the fertilizer bin (405).

[0022] Optionally, the axial horizontal angle between the nozzle (109) and the nozzle water distribution pipe (104) is less than ±60°

[0023] Optionally, the detachable filter element (110) is riveted or bolted together by a filter support connecting plate (111), a filter screen (112), and a pressing strip (113).

[0024] Optionally, the fertilizer spreading impeller (116) is bolted together by a bearing (117), a bearing end cover (118), a wave plate impeller (119), a conical fertilizer dividing plate (120), an equal-dividing fertilizer separating strip (121), and a bolt (122).

[0025] Optionally, three flexible connection seats (409) are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the manual (self)-operated adjustable controller (408) for the flow measurement of granular fertilizer. Two of them are connected to the flexible connection seats (217) on the auxiliary upright columns (215) of the bracket (2) by screw tightening devices (410), and the other is connected to the auxiliary support column (218) on the main upright column (211) of the bracket (2).

[0026] Optionally, the controller (408) is mainly composed of a particulate matter pipeline (411) with a conical guiding port at the upper part. An adjusting plate (412) with an equally divided fan-shaped center hole is fixedly welded axially and circumferentially on the inner wall of the pipeline. It is connected to a movable adjusting plate (414) with an equally divided fan-shaped center hole and a pushing handle by a screw pin shaft (413). A support seat (415) is radially arranged on the outer circumference of the particulate matter pipeline (411). The fixed end of the electric push rod (416) is connected to the pin shaft, and the extending end is connected to the spring plug-in pin shaft (417) of the pushing handle of the movable adjusting plate (414). The telescopic stroke of the electric push rod (416) controls the opening and closing angle of the movable adjusting plate (414).

[0027] Optionally, the panel of the electric control box (501) includes: an input flow sensing display (502), an output flow sensing display (503), a fertilizer application amount controller (504), a main machine power indicator (505), an in / out circulation mode selection for the pump system (506), a manual / automatic operation mode selection (507), an automatic mode start / stop switch (508), an in-circulation input pump start / stop switch (509), an in-circulation output pump start / stop switch (510), an on / off switch for the in-circulation input electric valve (511), an on / off switch for the in-circulation output electric valve (512), a fertilizer shortage alarm on / off switch (513), and an on / off switch for the automatic fertilizer feeder (514).

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] Due to the setting of detachable filter elements, two independent concentric cylindrical closed cavities are formed: the solid water and fertilizer dilution cavity and the uniformly output cavity of the filtered fertilizer effect, preventing unmelted particles or foreign objects from entering the irrigation pipeline and blocking the capillary. The device uses the centrifugal water flow formed by jetting to form circular motion as the power source for diluting solid particle water and fertilizer. The spoiler and centripetal spoiler improve the uniformity of diluted water and fertilizer elements and shorten the dissolution time of solid particle water and fertilizer by changing the axial and radial liquid flow directions and the relative linear velocity. The fertilizer spreading impeller improves the radial uniformity of solid fertilizer particles incorporated into the diluted water flow. The wave suppression sheet suppresses the waveform of the centrifugal water flow on the maximum radial inner wall of the filter cylinder, improving the stability of the operation of the whole device. There is a manual (automatic) adjustable controller for the flow rate of solid fertilizer particles, which can accurately control the fertilizer supply amount diluted per unit time, thereby accurately controlling the fertilization amount per mu. The device operates with immediate dissolution and application, and the input and output water and liquid fertilizer flows are conserved and exchanged. The input is medium water and solid particle fertilizer, and the output is diluted water and fertilizer. It ensures the fertilizer effect, the uniformity of fertilizer elements, the consistency and sustainability of the fertilization amount, and the accuracy of the fertilization position. Automatic fertilizer supply effectively avoids the occurrence of uneven fertilization amount caused by human intervention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application, making other features, objectives, and beneficial effects of this application more obvious. The schematic embodiments and descriptions of the drawings of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1a-1b is an overall schematic diagram of a pressure-regulating and constant-flow solid water and fertilizer dilution device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2a-2i is a schematic structural diagram of a dilution cylinder according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 3a-3d is a schematic structural diagram of a bracket according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 4a-4c is a schematic system diagram of a pump system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 5a-5g is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic fertilizer supply system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 6 is a schematic system diagram of a measurement and control system according to an embodiment of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of this application, the technical solution in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so as to describe the embodiments of this application here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0039] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The following will detail this application with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1a-1b , an embodiment of this application provides a voltage-regulating constant-current solid water and fertilizer dilution device, including: a dilution cylinder (1), a bracket (2), a pump system (3), an automatic fertilizer supply system (4), and a measurement and control system (5);

[0042] Among them, the dilution cylinder (1), the pump system (3), the automatic fertilizer supply system (4), and the measurement and control system (5) are all installed on the bracket (2), and the dilution cylinder (1) is connected to the automatic fertilizer supply system (4) and the pump system (3), and the measurement and control system (5) is connected to the dilution cylinder (1), the automatic fertilizer supply system (4), and the pump system (5);

[0043] The measurement and control system (5) controls the input and output water and liquid flow rates in the dilution cylinder (1) of the pump system (3), the measurement and control system (5) controls the automatic fertilizer supply system (4) to transport the solid water and fertilizer particles to be diluted into the dilution cylinder (1), the measurement and control system (5) controls the dilution cylinder (1) to dilute the solid water and fertilizer particles, and the measurement and control system (5) controls the dilution cylinder (1) to output the diluted water and fertilizer.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 2a-2i, in this embodiment, the dilution cylinder includes: an outer housing (101), a cylinder bottom plate (102), a filter screen support plate (103), a spray head water distribution pipe (104), a spoiler (105), a centrifugal wave suppression sheet (106), a centripetal spoiler (107), an input water pipe (108), a spray head (109), a detachable filter screen sheet (110), a fertilizer spreading impeller (116), a dust and splash prevention cover plate (127), and a connecting member (126);

[0045] Among them, one end of the spray head water distribution pipe (104) passes through a specific position or a certain length of the filter screen support plate (103) and is connected integrally, and the other end is radially connected to the input water pipe (108). The spray head water distribution pipe (104) is axially concentric and multi-layered and circumferentially equally divided and connected to the input water pipe (108) to spray centrifugal dilution water flow. The filter screen support plate (103) is used to fix the spray head water distribution pipe (104) and the detachable filter screen sheet (110), and corresponds to the spray head water distribution pipe (104) one by one; N are evenly arranged in a circle with the same radial dimension inside the outer housing (101). The outer housing (101) is connected to the filter plate support plate (103) through the spoiler (105), and a centrifugal wave suppression sheet (106) is arranged between the outer housing (101) and the filter plate support plate (103) to change the axial flow direction and the radial circumferential waveform of the dilution liquid in the dilution cylinder. Spray heads (109) are arranged inside and outside the connection point of the spray head water distribution pipe (104) and the filter screen support plate (103) in the same direction. One end of the centripetal spoiler (107) close to the input water pipe (108) is connected to the spray head water distribution pipe (104) to change the linear velocity of the dilution water flow of the solid water and fertilizer particles at the center of the dilution cylinder. A detachable filter screen sheet (110) is provided between two adjacent filter screen support plates (103) on the radial circumference of the cylinder, and the detachable filter screen sheet (110) is used to isolate and filter the dissolution state of solid fertilizer. The top of the input water pipe (108) is closed, and the fertilizer spreading impeller (116) is connected through a bearing (117). The fertilizer spreading impeller (116) is arranged at the upper end of the input water pipe and is pushed by centrifugal water flow.

[0046] The axial horizontal angle between the nozzle (109) and the axial direction of the nozzle water distribution pipe (104) is less than ±60°. The detachable filter screen piece (110) is riveted or bolted into one body by the filter screen support connecting plate (111), the filter screen (112), and the pressing strip (113). The bulk fertilizer wave wheel (116) is bolted into one body by the bearing (117), the bearing end cover (118), the wave plate impeller (119), the conical fertilizer distributing piece (120), the equal - divided fertilizer distributing partition strip (121), and the bolt (122). By bolt - connecting and installing the detachable filter screen piece (110), the dilution cylinder (1) forms two independent concentric cylindrical closed cavities: the solid water - fertilizer dilution cavity (114) and the uniformly - output cavity of the fertilizer effect after filtration (115). A dust - proof and splash - proof cover plate (127) is arranged on the upper end surface of the cylinder body and placed on the upper end of the cylinder body to prevent dust or other foreign objects from falling into the cylinder body. The bottom plate (102) is provided with a power and water source input hole (123), a dilution liquid output hole (124), and a sewage outlet (125). A connecting and fixing connector (126) is welded at the bottom of the bottom plate (102) of the cylinder body of the dilution cylinder (1).

[0047] Due to the formation of two independent concentric cylindrical closed cavities, namely the solid water - fertilizer dilution cavity and the uniformly - output cavity of the fertilizer effect after filtration, by setting the detachable filter screen piece, it effectively prevents un - melted particles or foreign objects from entering the irrigation pipeline and blocking the capillary tube. The spoiler plate connected between the outer shell body and the filter screen support plate, and the centripetal spoiler arranged on the nozzle water distribution pipe improve the uniformity of the diluted water - fertilizer elements and shorten the dissolution time of the solid - particle water - fertilizer by changing the axial and radial liquid flow directions and the relative linear velocity. The bulk fertilizer wave wheel improves the radial uniformity of the solid fertilizer particles incorporated into the diluted water flow. The wave - suppressing sheet suppresses the waveform of the centrifugal water flow on the maximum radial inner wall of the filter cylinder, improving the operation stability of the whole set of devices.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] Please refer to Figure 3a-3d, in this embodiment, the bracket (2) is formed by using a square pipe with a bottom-welded floor plate (201) as a column and welding a cross bar (202) and a vertical bar (203) to form the first layer. At a certain distance upward, it is welded with a cross bar (204) and a vertical bar (205) again to form the second layer. A reinforcing cross bar (206) is added between the second-layer cross bars (204) as the base (207) of the bracket (2). The dilution cylinder (1) is bolted and fixed through a connecting piece (126) welded to the bottom of the bottom plate (102) of the cylinder body of the dilution cylinder (1) by connecting holes (208) on the cross bars (204) and (206). Water pump supports (209) and (210) with bolt holes are welded to the left and right ends of the base (207) respectively. A main column (211) and an inclined support (212) are welded at a point near the left side with the upper plane of the base (207) as the reference point. A connecting rod (213) with reserved bolt holes is welded between the main columns (211), and a fixing seat (214) with reserved bolt holes is welded at the top. A secondary column (215) with a bolt-connected bottom plate welded with a bolt-connected connecting plate is bolted to the center-right side of the upper plane of the base (207). A plate-type fixing ring (216) is welded to the top of the secondary column (215), and a flexible connecting seat (217) is welded at a middle point. Three connecting welding points are evenly distributed around the circumference of the plate-type fixing ring (216), two of which are welded to the secondary column (215), and one is welded to the secondary support column (218). The connecting rod (213) between the secondary support column (218) and the main column (211) is bolted. A column (219) with a reserved connection hole is welded to the right side of the upper plane of the base (207).

[0050] Embodiment 3

[0051] Please refer to Figure 4a-4c , in this embodiment, the pump system includes: an input variable-frequency pressure-regulating water pump (301), an output variable-frequency pressure-regulating water pump (302), a first water source input joint (303), a water outlet (304), a first valve (305), a tee (306), a flowmeter sensor (307), a second valve (308), a second water source input joint (309), a first dilution liquid output joint (310), a water inlet (311), a second dilution liquid output joint (312), and a liquid level gauge (313);

[0052] Among them, the input variable-frequency voltage-regulating water pump (301) is bolted to the water pump support (209) on the upper plane of the base (207) of the bracket (2). The water inlet of the input variable-frequency voltage-regulating water pump (301) is connected to the internal circulation power and the first water source input joint (303). The water outlet (304) is connected to the first valve (305) after passing through N elbows to change the direction and then downward. After that, it reaches the connection with the first end of the tee (306) between the first layer and the second layer of the base (207). The second end of the tee (306) is connected to the flowmeter sensor (307) and then accesses the power and water source input hole (123) of the dilution cylinder (1). The third end is connected to the output end of the second valve (308), and the input end is connected to the external circulation power and the second water source input joint (309). The output variable-frequency voltage-regulating water pump (302) is bolted to the left water pump support (210). The water outlet of the output variable-frequency voltage-regulating water pump (302) is connected to the first dilution liquid output joint (310) (internal circulation). The water inlet (311) is connected to the first valve (305) after passing through N elbows to change the direction and then downward. After that, it reaches the connection with the first end of the tee (306) between the first layer and the second layer of the base (207). The second end of the tee (306) is connected to the flowmeter sensor (307) and then accesses the dilution liquid output hole (124) of the dilution cylinder (1). The third end is connected to the input end of the second valve (308), and the output end is connected to the second dilution liquid output tower joint (312) (external circulation). A liquid level gauge (313) is installed at a specific position on the outer circumference of the dilution cylinder (1) axially. The liquid level gauge (313) is equipped with liquid level sensors (314), (315), (316), (317), (318).

[0053] In this embodiment, the pump system is divided into two water pipeline systems: internal circulation and external circulation. For the external circulation, the water after using the irrigation water source pump is used as the source power to drive the diluted water flow in the dilution cylinder to make circular motion. For the output, the suction force before using the farmland irrigation water source pump is used as the source power to pump the evenly diluted water and fertilizer in the dilution cylinder into the main irrigation pipeline. The flow data measured by the flowmeter sensor installed on the output pipeline of the application device is used to control the opening and closing position state of the equal-diameter electric valve body on the input pipeline of the device to control the input flow rate, ensuring that the liquid volume and liquid level in the dilution cylinder are kept constant within the set range, achieving the purpose of evenly diluting solid water and fertilizer regularly and quantitatively. For the internal circulation, both the input and output are the pressure-regulating pump bodies configured in the main body. The flow rate of the input pump is controlled by the flow rate of the output pump, ensuring that the liquid volume and liquid level in the dilution cylinder are constant. At the same time, the linear velocity of the circular motion of the diluted liquid in the dilution cylinder and the melting time of the solid water and fertilizer are adjusted.

[0054] Embodiment 4

[0055] Please refer to Figure Figure 5a-5g , in this embodiment, the automatic fertilizer supply system includes: a fertilizer applicator (401), a screw conveyor (402), a fertilizer storage tank (403), a fertilizer guide cylinder (404), a fertilizer bin (405), and a controller (408);

[0056] Among them, the automatic fertilizer supply system (4) is installed on the fixed seat (214) at the top of the main column (211) of the bracket (2) by bolts. The fertilizer applicator (401) pumps solid water and fertilizer particles from the ground stirring and fertilizer storage tank (403) to the detachable centering fertilizer guiding cylinder (404) through a flexible auger (402) and into the funnel-shaped fertilizer bin (405). The storage amount of solid water and fertilizer particles in the funnel-shaped fertilizer bin (405) is controlled by particulate matter sensors: upper limit (406), lower limit (407), and material shortage (418). The lower part of the funnel-shaped fertilizer bin (405) is connected to a manual (automatic) adjustable controller for particulate fertilizer flow measurement (408). Three flexible connection seats (409) are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the manual (automatic) adjustable controller for particulate fertilizer flow measurement (408). Two of them are connected to the flexible connection seat (217) on the auxiliary column (215) of the bracket (2) by screw tightening devices (410), and the other is connected to the auxiliary support column (218) on the main column (211) of the bracket (2). The usage amount of solid particulate water and fertilizer flowing into the dilution cylinder (1) is controlled by adjusting the opening angle of the manual (automatic) adjustable controller for particulate fertilizer flow measurement (408). The manual (automatic) adjustable controller for fertilizer flow measurement (408) has a particulate matter pipeline (411) with a conical guiding port at the upper part. An equally divided fan-shaped center plate with holes is fixedly welded to the inner wall circumference of the pipeline at an axial point. A screw pin shaft (413) is used to connect it to another equally divided fan-shaped center plate with holes and a movable adjusting plate (414) with a pushing handle. A support seat (415) is welded at an axial position on the outer circumference of the pipeline (411). The fixed end of an electric push rod (416) is connected by a pin shaft, and the extending end is connected to the spring plug-in pin shaft (417) of the pushing handle of the movable adjusting plate (414). The telescopic stroke of the electric push rod (416) is used to control the opening angle of the movable adjusting plate (414). When the stroke of the electric push rod (416) is at zero point (the shortest), the spring plug-in pin shaft (417) is pulled out and inserted to achieve manual / automatic control. An audible and visual alarm (419) is installed at a point on the fixed seat (214) at the top of the main column (211) of the bracket (2).

[0057] In this embodiment, the automatic fertilizer supply system consists of a mixing and fertilizer storage tank installed on the ground, a fertilizer supply machine installed at the upper end of the main support column, a detachable centering guide tube connected to the output port of the fertilizer supply machine. Solid water and fertilizer are transported from the ground mixing and fertilizer storage tank to the centering fertilizer guide tube and then into the funnel-shaped fertilizer bin by the fertilizer supply machine. The storage amount of solid water and fertilizer particles in the funnel-shaped fertilizer bin is controlled by a particulate matter sensor. The lower part of the funnel-shaped fertilizer bin is flexibly connected to an automatic particulate fertilizer flow metering adjustable controller, and the amount of solid water and fertilizer flowing into the dilution cylinder is adjusted by the adjustable controller according to the fertilizer application amount per mu of irrigation and the irrigation time per mu. The opening and closing of the automatic particulate fertilizer flow metering adjustable controller are automatically controlled by a liquid level sensor setting a liquid level signal. It automatically opens when the liquid level in the dilution cylinder reaches the upper limit signal set by the liquid level sensor and automatically closes when the liquid level reaches the lower limit signal set by the liquid level sensor.

[0058] Embodiment 5

[0059] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 4b , Figure 5b In this embodiment, the measurement and control system (5) includes: an electric control box (501), a flow controller (408), a particulate matter sensor: an upper limit sensor (406), a lower limit sensor (407), and a material shortage sensor (418); a flowmeter sensor (307); liquid level sensors: (314), (315), (316), (317), (318).

[0060] Among them, the measurement and control system (5) consists of an electric control box (501) bolted and fixed on the right-side vertical column (219) of the upper plane of the base (207) of the support (2), a flow sensor installed on the base (207) of the support (2), a particulate matter sensor upper limit (406), lower limit (407), lack of fertilizer (418) for detecting the storage amount of solid water and fertilizer particles in the hopper-type fertilizer bin (405) of the fertilizer supply system (4), and control electrical appliances. The control panel of the electric control box (501) includes an input flow sensor display (502) that respectively displays the flow rate, temperature, and total flow of the water input into the dilution cylinder (1). The output flow sensor display (503) respectively displays the flow rate, temperature, and total flow of the liquid fertilizer output after dilution by the dilution cylinder (1). Under normal working conditions, the output flow is equal to the sum of the input flow and the solid water and fertilizer capacity. The fertilizer application amount controller (504), that is, the manual (automatic) fertilizer flow metering adjustable controller (408) of the automatic fertilizer supply system (4), is used to control the amount of solid particulate water and fertilizer entering the dilution cylinder for dissolution per hour or the fertilizer application amount per mu. The power supply indicator light (505) lights up to indicate that the power supply voltage of 220V / 380V is normal. The pump system internal / external circulation mode selection (506): For the internal circulation, it is the input and output variable frequency voltage regulating pump bodies configured in the main body. The path is as follows: The water inlet of the input variable frequency voltage regulating water pump (301) is connected to the internal circulation power, and the first water source input joint (303) is used to draw water from the external water supply source (water channel, sedimentation tank) into the pump body. It enters the flow meter sensor (307) through the first valve (305) at the water outlet. After measuring the input flow rate, temperature, and flow, it enters the input water pipe (108) through the water source input hole (123) of the dilution cylinder (1) and is sprayed out through the spray heads (109) on the spray head water distribution pipe (104). The potential energy of the sprayed water melts the solid particulate water and fertilizer, and then after passing through the detachable filter screen (110) for filtration, it enters the dilution liquid output hole (124), flows through the flow meter sensor (307), and after measuring the output flow rate, temperature, and flow, it is pumped into the pump body of the output variable frequency voltage regulating water pump (302) through the first valve (305). The water and fertilizer dilution liquid is output to the main farmland irrigation pipeline through the first dilution liquid output joint (310). When in the internal circulation, both the input and output second valves (308) are in the closed state. The external circulation path is as follows: Close the input and output first valves (305). Connect the external circulation power and the second water source input joint (309) to the reserved water outlet after the pump of the main farmland irrigation pipeline. Open the second valve (308), and the water flows into the flow meter sensor (307). After measuring the input flow rate, temperature, and flow, it enters the input water pipe (108) through the water source input hole (123) of the dilution cylinder (1) and is sprayed out through the spray heads (109) on the spray head water distribution pipe (104). The potential energy of the sprayed water melts the solid particulate water and fertilizer, and then after passing through the detachable filter screen (110) for filtration, it enters the dilution liquid output hole (124), flows through the flow meter sensor (307), and after measuring the output flow rate, temperature, and flow, it is output to the reserved water inlet before the pump of the main farmland irrigation pipeline through the electric valve (308) by the second dilution liquid output joint (312).Pump System Manual / Auto Mode Selection (507): In manual mode: The start / stop of the internal circulation input pump (509), the start / stop of the internal circulation output pump (510), the opening / closing of the external circulation input electric valve (511), the opening / closing of the external circulation output electric valve (512), the start / stop of the automatic fertilizer feeder (514), and the opening / closing of the fertilizer shortage alarm for the hopper - type fertilizer bin (405) (513) are all in the manual state, but are restricted by the liquid - level sensor and the particulate - matter sensor. Internal - circulation auto mode: Before startup, the first input and output valves (305) are in the open state, and the second valve (308) is in the automatically closed state. When the automatic start / stop (508) is activated, the input variable - frequency voltage - regulating water pump (301) starts automatically, and the fertilizer supply system (4) starts automatically. When the particulate - matter sensor in the hopper - type fertilizer bin (405) reaches the upper limit position (406), the fertilizer supply stops automatically. When it is lower than the lower limit (407), it starts automatically. When it reaches or is lower than the material - shortage limit position (418), an automatic audible and visual alarm (419) is triggered. When the liquid level in the dilution cylinder (1) reaches the upper limit position (316) set by the manual (auto) fertilizer - flow - metering adjustable controller (408), the solid - particle water fertilizer starts flowing into the dilution cylinder (1) automatically. Conversely, when the liquid level in the dilution cylinder (1) is lower than the lower limit position (317) set by the manual (auto) fertilizer - flow - metering adjustable controller (408), it closes automatically. When a failure occurs in the supply of solid - particle water fertilizer, the audible and visual alarm (419) alarms automatically. When the liquid level in the dilution cylinder (1) reaches the upper limit position (314) set by the output variable - frequency voltage - regulating water pump (302), it starts automatically. At the same time, according to the flow - meter sensor (307) at the output end, after measuring the output flow rate, temperature, and flow, the flow rate and flow of the input variable - frequency voltage - regulating water pump (301) are automatically adjusted to ensure that the input and output are maintained within a relatively constant range. When the liquid level in the dilution cylinder (1) is lower than the lower limit position (315) set by the output variable - frequency voltage - regulating water pump (302), it stops automatically. When the liquid level in the dilution cylinder (1) exceeds the upper limit position (318) set by the input variable - frequency voltage - regulating water pump (301), it stops automatically. External - circulation auto mode: Before startup, the input and output manual valves (305) are in the closed state. When the automatic start / stop (508) is activated, the input electric valve (308) opens automatically, and the fertilizer supply system (4) starts automatically. When the particulate - matter sensor in the hopper - type fertilizer bin (405) reaches the upper limit position (406), the fertilizer supply stops automatically. When it is lower than the lower limit position (407), it starts automatically. When it reaches or is lower than the fertilizer - shortage limit position (418), an automatic audible and visual alarm (419) is triggered. When the liquid level in the dilution cylinder (1) reaches the upper limit position (316) set by the manual (auto) fertilizer - flow - metering adjustable controller (408), the solid - particle water fertilizer starts flowing into the dilution cylinder (1) automatically. Conversely, when the liquid level in the dilution cylinder (1) is lower than the lower limit position (317) set by the manual (auto) fertilizer - flow - metering adjustable controller (408), it closes automatically. When a failure occurs in the supply of solid - particle water fertilizer, the audible and visual alarm (419) alarms automatically.When the liquid level in the dilution cylinder (1) reaches the upper limit (314) of the set liquid level of the output second valve (308), it will automatically open. At the same time, according to the flow meter sensor (307) at the output end, after measuring the output flow rate, temperature, and flow, it will automatically adjust the flow rate and flow of the input electric valve (308) to ensure that the input and output are maintained within a relatively constant range. When the liquid level in the dilution cylinder (1) is lower than the lower limit (315) of the set liquid level of the output second valve (308), it will automatically stop. When the liquid level in the dilution cylinder (1) exceeds the upper limit (318) of the set liquid level of the input second valve (308), it will automatically stop.

[0061] The measurement and control system consists of a liquid level sensor installed on the liquid level gauge at a specific position on the outer circumference of the dilution cylinder. The upper and lower limit liquid level signals set by the liquid level sensor are used to detect the liquid level in the dilution cylinder to open and close the electric valves for input and output on the outer circulation water pipeline or start and stop the input and output pressure regulating pumps of the inner circulation. At the same time, according to another set of upper and lower limit liquid level signals, it controls the opening and closing of the manual (automatic) granular fertilizer flow metering adjustable controller located at the lower part of the funnel-shaped fertilizer bin. Flow sensors are respectively installed on the input and output pipelines at the bottom of the dilution cylinder to monitor the real-time flow rate, flow, and dilution liquid fertilizer temperature of the input and output. The opening degree (pressure) of the input electric valve (pressure regulating pump) of the outer (inner) circulation is controlled by the monitoring data of the output flow sensor to control the input flow rate and flow to be constant, and the water liquid input and output are exchanged equally. Particle sensors are respectively installed on the top, lower part, and bottom circumferential axis of the funnel-shaped fertilizer bin. When the solid particle water fertilizer in the funnel-shaped fertilizer bin reaches the upper limit of the signal setting of the top particle sensor, the fertilizer feeder automatically stops supplying fertilizer. When it reaches the signal setting of the lower particle sensor, the fertilizer feeder automatically starts supplying fertilizer. When the particle water fertilizer drops below the lower setting signal and reaches the signal setting of the bottom particle sensor, the material shortage sound and light alarm is activated. The control panel of the electric control box is provided with: a real-time display of the flow sensor, an adjuster for the adjustable controller of the particulate matter flow, a power display, an operation mode selection: manual / automatic control, inner / outer circulation, start / stop of the pump system input / output, on / off of the outer circulation input / output (electric valve), start / stop of the feeding machine, on / off of the material shortage alarm. A push / knob switch or a PLC touch screen control operation panel is adopted.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0063] (1): After using the irrigation pipeline pump for the outer circulation and taking water as the input water source, since there is no need to install a valve on the main pipeline to adjust the pipeline pressure and flow, it does not affect the irrigation main pipeline pressure and flow. For the inner circulation input water source, the variable frequency pressure regulating pump body installed in the device is used to take water separately, which will not affect the irrigation pipeline pressure and flow.

[0064] (2): This device adopts a solid fertilizer granule flow manual (automatic) fertilizer flow metering adjustable controller, which can accurately control the fertilization amount diluted per unit time, thus accurately ensuring the fertilization amount per mu of land.

[0065] (3): This device adopts instant dissolution and instant application, which can always ensure the fertilizer effect in the irrigation pipeline, and evenly deliver the fertilizer amount to the set position.

[0066] (4): The dilution cylinder of the device is provided with two cavities, namely a dilution cavity and a filter fertilizer effect uniform cavity (output cavity). Undissolved particles and impurities will not enter the irrigation pipeline, effectively solving the problem of blocking the capillary or sprinkler / dripper.

[0067] (5): This device adopts adjustable fertilizer supply with instant dissolution and instant application. Without adjusting the fertilizer supply amount, it can ensure uniform fertilizer effect and consistent fertilizer amount at any time period.

[0068] (6): By adjusting the pressure of the output and input pump bodies, accurately control the melting time of a unit of solid fertilizer granules.

[0069] (7): This device adopts instant dissolution and instant application, which can always ensure the fertilizer effect in the irrigation pipeline, and evenly deliver the fertilizer amount to the set position. When changing the irrigation position, the fertilizer effect, fertilizer amount, and fertilizer elements will not be affected in any way.

[0070] (8): This device adopts instant dissolution and instant application, dissolving and applying as much as needed, without causing fertilizer waste.

[0071] (9): This device adopts a device for conservation exchange of input and output flow. The input is medium water and solid particle fertilizer, and the output is diluted water fertilizer, ensuring the uniformity of fertilizer effect, fertilizer elements, the consistency and continuity of fertilization amount, and the accuracy of fertilization position. Automatic fertilizer supply effectively avoids the occurrence of uneven fertilization amount caused by human intervention.

[0072] (10): Automatic fertilizer supply effectively reduces the labor intensity of manual work.

[0073] The above are only the preferred embodiments of this application and are not used to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to this application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A pressure-regulating and constant-current solid water and fertilizer dilution device, characterized in that, it includes: a dilution cylinder (1), a bracket (2), a pump system (3), an automatic fertilizer supply system (4) and a measurement and control system (5); wherein, the dilution cylinder (1), the pump system (3), the automatic fertilizer supply system (4) and the measurement and control system (5) are all installed on the bracket (2), and the dilution cylinder (1) is connected to the automatic fertilizer supply system (4) and the pump system (3), and the measurement and control system (5) is connected to the dilution cylinder (1), the automatic fertilizer supply system (4) and the pump system (3); the measurement and control system (5) controls the water and liquid flow rates input into and output from the dilution cylinder (1) by the pump system (3), the measurement and control system (5) controls the automatic fertilizer supply system (4) to transport the solid water and fertilizer particles to be diluted into the dilution cylinder (1), the measurement and control system (5) controls the dilution cylinder (1) to dilute the solid water and fertilizer particles, and the measurement and control system (5) controls the dilution cylinder (1) to output the diluted water and fertilizer; the dilution cylinder includes: an outer shell (101), a cylinder bottom plate (102), a filter screen support plate (103), a spray head water distribution pipe (104), a spoiler (105), a centrifugal wave suppression sheet (106), a centripetal spoiler (107), an input water pipe (108), a spray head (109), a detachable filter screen sheet (110), a fertilizer spreading wave wheel (116), a dust and splash-proof cover plate (127), and a connecting member (126); wherein, one end of the spray head water distribution pipe (104) passes through the filter screen support plate (103), and the other end is radially connected to the input water pipe (108). The spray head water distribution pipe (104) is axially concentric and equally divided in circumferential angle with the input water pipe (108) in multiple layers to spray centrifugal dilution water flow. The filter screen support plate (103) is used to fix the spray head water distribution pipe (104) and the detachable filter screen sheet (110). The outer shell (101) is connected to the filter screen support plate (103) through the spoiler (105). A centrifugal wave suppression sheet (106) is arranged between the outer shell (101) and the filter screen support plate (103) to change the axial flow direction and radial circumferential waveform of the dilution liquid in the dilution cylinder. Spray heads (109) are arranged inside and outside the connection point of the spray head water distribution pipe (104) and the filter screen support plate (103) in the same direction. One end of the centripetal spoiler (107) close to the input water pipe (108) is connected to the spray head water distribution pipe (104) to change the linear velocity of the dilution water flow of the solid water and fertilizer particles at the center of the dilution cylinder. A detachable filter screen sheet (110) is arranged between two adjacent filter screen support plates (103) in the radial circumference inside the cylinder. The fertilizer spreading wave wheel (116) is installed at the upper end of the input water pipe and is driven by centrifugal water flow. The top of the input water pipe (108) is closed, and a bearing (117) is provided to connect the fertilizer spreading wave wheel (116).

2. The pressure-regulating and constant-current solid water and fertilizer dilution device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pump system includes: an input variable-frequency voltage-regulating water pump (301), an output variable-frequency voltage-regulating water pump (302), a first water source input joint (303), a water outlet (304), a first valve (305), a tee (306), a flowmeter sensor (307), a second valve (308), a second water source input joint (309), an internal circulation dilution liquid output joint (310), a water inlet (311), an external circulation dilution liquid output joint (312), and a liquid level gauge (313); Among them, the water inlet of the input variable-frequency voltage-regulating water pump (301) is the first water source input joint (303), which provides input power water source for the internal circulation. The water outlet (304) is connected to the first valve (305) and then connected to the first end of the tee (306). The second end of the tee (306) is connected to the power and water source input hole (123) of the dilution cylinder (1) after connecting the flowmeter sensor (307). The third end of the tee is connected to the output end of the second valve (308). The input end of the second valve (308) is connected to the external circulation power and the second water source input joint (309). The water outlet of the output variable-frequency voltage-regulating water pump (302) is the internal circulation dilution liquid output joint (310). The water inlet (311) is connected to the first valve (305) and then connected to the first end of the tee (306). The second end of the tee (306) is connected to the dilution liquid output hole (124) of the dilution cylinder (1) after connecting the flowmeter sensor (307). The third end of the tee (306) is connected to the input end of the second valve (308). The output end of the second valve (308) is connected to the external circulation dilution liquid output joint (312). The liquid level gauge (313) is arranged at the outer circular axial position of the dilution cylinder (1).

3. The pressure-regulating constant-flow solid water and fertilizer dilution device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic fertilizer supply system includes: a fertilizer supply machine (401), a screw conveyor (402), a fertilizer storage tank (403), a fertilizer guiding cylinder (404), a fertilizer bin (405), and a controller (408); Among them, the solid water and fertilizer particles to be diluted in the fertilizer storage tank (403) are pumped into the fertilizer guiding cylinder (404) through the screw conveyor (402) and then enter the fertilizer bin (405).

4. The pressure-regulating constant-flow solid water and fertilizer dilution device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The measurement and control system (5) includes: an electric control box (501), a controller (408), an upper limit sensor (406), a lower limit sensor (407), and a material shortage sensor (418); Among them, the electric control box (501) and the controller (408) are installed on the bracket (2). The upper limit sensor (406), the lower limit sensor (407), and the material shortage sensor (418) are installed in the fertilizer bin (405).

5. The pressure-regulating constant-flow solid water and fertilizer dilution device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial horizontal angle between the nozzle (109) and the axial direction of the nozzle water distribution pipe (104) is less than ±60°.

6. The pressure-regulating and constant-flow solid water and fertilizer dilution device according to claim 1, characterized in that the detachable filter screen piece (110) is riveted or bolted into one body by a filter screen support connecting plate (111), a filter screen (112), and a pressing strip (113).

7. The pressure-regulating and constant-flow solid water and fertilizer dilution device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fertilizer spreading impeller (116) is bolted into one body by a bearing (117), a bearing end cover (118), a wave plate impeller (119), a conical fertilizer dividing piece (120), an equally divided fertilizer distributing partition bar (121), and a bolt (122).

8. The pressure-regulating and constant-flow solid water and fertilizer dilution device according to claim 3, characterized in that Three flexible connection seats (409) are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the controller (408). Two of them are connected to the flexible connection seat (217) on the auxiliary upright column (215) of the bracket (2) by a screw tightening device (410), and the other is connected to the auxiliary support column (218) on the main upright column (211) of the bracket (2).

9. The pressure-regulating and constant-flow solid water and fertilizer dilution device according to claim 3, characterized in that The controller (408) has a particulate matter pipeline (411) with a conical guiding port at the upper part as the main body. An equally divided sector-shaped center hole-adjusting plate (412) is fixedly welded axially and circumferentially to the inner wall of the pipeline. It is connected to another equally divided sector-shaped center hole-adjusting plate (414) with a pushing handle by a screw pin shaft (413). A support seat (415) is radially arranged on the outer circumference of the particulate matter pipeline (411). The support seat (415) is connected to the fixed end of the electric push rod (416), and the extending end is connected to the pushing handle spring plug-in pin shaft (417) of the movable adjusting plate (414). The telescopic stroke of the electric push rod (416) controls the opening and closing angle of the movable adjusting plate (414).

10. The pressure-regulating and constant-flow solid water and fertilizer dilution device according to claim 4, characterized in that The panel of the electric control box (501) includes: an input flow sensing display (502), an output flow sensing display (503), a fertilizer application amount controller (504), a whole machine power indicator (505), a pump system internal / external circulation mode selector (506), a manual / automatic operation mode selector (507), an automatic mode start / stop switch (508), an internal circulation input pump start / stop switch (509), an internal circulation output pump start / stop switch (510), an external circulation input electric valve open / close (511), an external circulation output electric valve open / close (512), a lack of fertilizer alarm on / off (513), and an automatic fertilizer feeder start / stop (514).

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