A composite sleeper and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention provides a composite sleeper and a preparation method thereof, which includes a metal frame. The metal frame includes an inner frame and an outer frame. Concrete material is arranged between the inner frame and the outer frame. The metal frame divides the internal cavity of the sleeper into a vibration damping area and a weight reduction area. The vibration damping area is arranged at the positions close to both ends. A rail fixing part is arranged at the top of the vibration damping area, and a vibration damping module is installed in the vibration damping area below the rail fixing part. The weight reduction area is arranged at the position close to the middle, and resin concrete composite material is poured in the weight reduction area. The concrete material fully ensures the strength of the sleeper. The resin concrete composite material reduces the overall weight of the sleeper, facilitates construction, reduces dry shrinkage cracks, has good mechanical properties, and improves strength and elasticity compared with ordinary concrete sleepers, effectively buffering and conducting rail vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, and in particular, to a composite sleeper and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Composite synthetic sleepers have replaced wooden sleepers and prestressed reinforced concrete sleepers and have gradually become the mainstream development direction of sleepers in the current railway transportation field. Commonly used composite materials in the current sleeper field add long fibers to polyurethane foam materials to increase the axial strength of the sleepers. However, their transverse strength is still relatively low. Therefore, when synthetic sleepers made of long fiber-reinforced foamed resin materials are laid on railway tracks, the rail pads are likely to wear the surface of the sleepers and form depressions, affecting the safety of the track.

[0003] The patent with the application number 200610082833.2 discloses a synthetic sleeper and a manufacturing method thereof. This sleeper uses a foamed base material formed by foaming a long fiber-reinforced foamed resin material as the main body, and integrally forms a protective layer on the surface layer of the main body with a non-foamed resin material. Although the method of using a non-foamed resin to form a protective layer can increase the wear resistance of the material, it simultaneously reduces the shock absorption and noise reduction effect of the foamed base material, increasing the vibration and wear of the rails and wheels. On the other hand, the strength, fatigue resistance, bolt pull-out strength, bolt relaxation resistance, shear resistance, etc. of the sleeper do not meet the requirements of heavy-haul railways and railway bridges.

[0004] The patent with the application number 201910273172.9 discloses a composite synthetic sleeper, including a shell and a concrete core. The shell is made of a composite material. It is characterized in that the shell includes an upper shell and a lower shell. The lower shell is set as a groove structure, a groove is arranged inside the lower shell, convex ribs are arranged on the outer surface of the core, and the concrete core is installed inside the lower shell. This prior art sets the shell as a composite material with elasticity and the core as a concrete material, combining the advantages of the composite material and concrete, effectively improving the strength, fatigue resistance, etc. of the sleeper. However, the concrete content is relatively high, increasing the rigidity of the railway, resulting in more obvious track vibration. Moreover, this prior art requires additional connectors to fix multiple components of the sleeper, and the deformation failure period of the connectors is relatively short, increasing the maintenance burden of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a composite sleeper and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems of poor shock absorption effect and heavy maintenance burden of sleepers in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0007] A composite sleeper includes a metal frame, the metal frame includes an inner frame and an outer frame, a concrete material is arranged between the inner frame and the outer frame, the metal frame divides the internal cavity of the sleeper into a vibration reduction area and a weight reduction area, the vibration reduction area is arranged at the positions close to both ends, a rail fixing part is arranged at the top of the vibration reduction area, and a vibration reduction module is installed in the vibration reduction area below the rail fixing part, the weight reduction area is arranged at the position close to the middle, and a resin concrete composite material is poured in the weight reduction area.

[0008] Further, the metal frame is arranged as a steel wire frame.

[0009] Further, the concrete material between the inner frame and the outer frame is composed of the following ratios: by weight, 10-20 parts of portland cement, 20-40 parts of recycled aggregate, 10-20 parts of rubber particles, 5-10 parts of reinforcing fiber, and 0.04-0.2 parts of water reducing agent.

[0010] Further, the particle size of the recycled aggregate is 5-25mm.

[0011] Further, after pouring the concrete material between the inner frame and the outer frame, a sleeper body is formed, and the wall thickness of the sleeper body is set to 50-100mm.

[0012] Further, a resin concrete composite material is poured in the weight reduction area, and the resin concrete composite material is composed of the following ratios: by weight, 15-25 parts of epoxy resin, 20-40 parts of vitrified microspheres, 10-20 parts of plant ash, 5-10 parts of reinforcing fiber, 5-10 parts of diluent, 3-8 parts of curing agent, and 0.5-1 part of air entraining agent.

[0013] Further, the diluent is a composition of one or two of the bifunctional active diluents 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether.

[0014] Further, the reinforcing fiber is composed of untwisted roving made of high-strength glass fiber filaments or basalt fiber filaments or other high-strength and insulating fiber filaments.

[0015] Further, the apparent density of the vitrified microspheres is 460kg / m 3 ~480kg / m 3 and the particle size is 400 mesh.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the composite sleeper of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] Recycled aggregates and rubber particles are filled into the concrete system to ensure the strength of the sleeper. At the same time, the rubber particles play a vibration damping effect. A resin concrete composite material is set in the middle part of the concrete shell, and epoxy resin is used instead of cement as the gelling material to reduce the overall weight of the sleeper, facilitate construction, and the reaction of epoxy resin and curing agent realizes gelling, increasing the bonding strength between each component, reducing dry shrinkage cracks, having good mechanical properties. Compared with ordinary concrete sleepers, it improves strength and elasticity, and effectively buffers and conducts rail vibrations.

[0018] The present invention also provides a preparation method of a composite material sleeper, including:

[0019] (1) Fabricate a metal frame according to a preset size, and install a vibration damping module at the position corresponding to the vibration damping area in the metal frame according to the requirements of line vibration damping;

[0020] (2) Prepare concrete materials according to the following ratio:

[0021] By weight, 10-20 parts of portland cement, 20-40 parts of recycled aggregates, 10-20 parts of rubber particles, 5-10 parts of reinforcing fibers, 0.04-0.2 parts of water reducing agent;

[0022] And pour the prepared concrete materials between the inner frame 11 and the outer frame 12 of the metal frame, and after curing at normal temperature for 3-5 days, form a sleeper body;

[0023] (3) Coat an adhesive layer on the inner wall of the sleeper body corresponding to the weight reduction area, and immediately pour the resin concrete composite material after uniform coating;

[0024] (4) Prepare resin concrete composite materials according to the following ratio:

[0025] By weight, 15-25 of epoxy resin, 20-40 parts of vitrified microspheres, 10-20 parts of plant ash, 5-10 parts of reinforcing fibers, 5-10 parts of diluent, 3-8 parts of curing agent, 0.5-1 part of air-entraining agent. And pour the prepared resin concrete composite materials into the inside of the weight reduction area of the sleeper body. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic axonometric view of the sleeper frame described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the sleeper frame described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the sleeper described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic axonometric view of the vibration damping module described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a top view of the vibration damping module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Description of the reference numerals:

[0032] 1 - Metal frame, 11 - Inner layer frame, 12 - Outer layer frame, 101 - Vibration damping area, 102 - Weight reduction area, 103 - Rail fixing part, 2 - Vibration damping module, 21 - Upper panel, 22 - Lower panel, 23 - Corrugated vibration damping structure, 24 - Bracket, 25 - Rotating connection shaft, 26 - Mass block, 27 - Spring, 28 - Vibration damping arm Detailed implementation manners

[0033] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] As shown in the figure, a composite sleeper includes a metal frame 1. The metal frame 1 includes an inner layer frame 11 and an outer layer frame 12. A concrete material is provided between the inner layer frame 11 and the outer layer frame 12. The metal frame 1 divides the inner cavity of the sleeper into a vibration damping area 101 and a weight reduction area 102. The vibration damping area 101 is arranged at positions close to both ends. A rail fixing part 103 is arranged at the top of the vibration damping area 101. A vibration damping module 2 is installed in the vibration damping area 101 below the rail fixing part 103. The weight reduction area 102 is arranged at positions close to the middle. A resin concrete composite material is poured in the weight reduction area 102.

[0035] In this embodiment, the metal frame 1 is arranged as a wire frame, which is used for pre - shaping before the sleeper is formed and simultaneously increases the mechanical strength after the sleeper is formed. The concrete material between the inner layer frame 11 and the outer layer frame 12 is composed of the following proportions: by weight, 10 - 20 parts of portland cement, 20 - 40 parts of recycled aggregate, 10 - 20 parts of rubber particles, 5 - 10 parts of reinforcing fiber, 0.04 - 0.2 parts of water - reducing agent, and other essential components.

[0036] Further, the particle size of the recycled aggregate is 5 - 25 mm. The rubber particles are ethylene - propylene - diene monomer rubber particles with a particle size of 2 - 4 mm.

[0037] The water - reducing agent in the present invention is a polycarboxylate water - reducing agent with a water - reducing rate of 25 - 50%.

[0038] After pouring the concrete material between the inner layer frame 11 and the outer layer frame 12, a sleeper body is formed. The wall thickness of the sleeper body is set to 50 - 100 mm, and preferably, it is set to 80 mm.

[0039] The reinforcing fiber is composed of roving made of high - strength glass fiber filaments or basalt fiber filaments or other high - strength and insulating fiber filaments.

[0040] In this embodiment, resin concrete composite material is poured into the weight reduction area 102. The resin concrete composite material is composed of the following proportions: by weight, 15-25 parts of epoxy resin, 20-40 parts of vitrified microspheres, 10-20 parts of plant ash, 5-10 parts of reinforcing fibers, 5-10 parts of diluent, and 3-8 parts of curing agent. Epoxy resin is used instead of cement as the gelling material, reducing the overall weight of the sleeper, facilitating construction. Moreover, the reaction between epoxy resin and curing agent realizes gelling, increasing the bonding strength between each component, reducing dry shrinkage cracks, having good mechanical properties. Compared with ordinary concrete sleepers, it improves strength and elasticity, effectively buffering and conducting rail vibration.

[0041] The diluent is a composition of one or two of the bifunctional active diluents 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether. Bifunctional diluents have active groups at both ends compared with monofunctional diluents, can participate in the curing reaction, have a fast curing rate, can improve the crosslinking density and the strength of concrete at the same time. Moreover, compared with polyfunctional diluents, they have low viscosity and good dilutability.

[0042] The epoxy resin is bisphenol A epoxy resin E51, with an epoxy equivalent of 184-195 g / mol and a density of 1.1-1.3 g / cm 3 。

[0043] The curing agent is any one or a mixture of phenolic amine, ethylenediamine, dimethylaminodiphenylmethane, and modified polymers. Among them, the composite modified polymer curing agent is a copolymer of tall oil fatty acid and polyalkyltetramine. Preferably, the curing agent adopts a composition with a mass ratio of dimethylaminodiphenylmethane to modified polymer of 1:1. This application adopts a unique composite curing agent, which cooperates with epoxy resin, greatly improving the compressive strength of the formed resin concrete composite material.

[0044] The rubber particles and reinforcing fibers are the same as those in the above concrete materials.

[0045] The vitrified microspheres are hollow and white powder, with an apparent density of 460 kg / m 3 ~480 kg / m 3 and a particle size of 400 mesh. The vitrified microsphere powder effectively increases the strength of the resin concrete composite material and improves its anti-aging effect.

[0046] In this embodiment, since the resin concrete composite material in the weight reduction area and the concrete material of the sleeper body are of different materials and are not formed simultaneously, during the subsequent long-term use of the sleeper, cracks are likely to occur at the contact part between the two due to the humid and sun-exposed environment. Therefore, in order to improve the adhesion strength between the contact surfaces of the two different materials in this embodiment, before pouring the resin concrete composite material in the weight reduction area, an epoxy resin-based adhesive layer is coated on the inner wall of the sleeper body corresponding to the weight reduction area to avoid cracks. Specifically, the adhesive layer includes component A and component B with a weight ratio of 10:4, specifically including:

[0047] Component A includes 70-90 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 20-40 parts of bisphenol F epoxy resin, 15-25 parts of diluent, 2-4 parts of KH-550 silane coupling agent, and 5-15 parts of filler by weight;

[0048] Component B includes 10-15 parts of ketimine curing agent, 30-60 parts of polyamide curing agent, and 5-10 parts of 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol by weight.

[0049] The diluent in the adhesive layer is ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, and the filler is Sibelco 3000-mesh spherical activated silica powder.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, the vibration damping module 2 includes an upper panel 21, a lower panel 22, and a bracket 24 disposed between the upper panel 21 and the lower panel 22. A plurality of brackets 24 form a retractable structure with a quadrilateral shape on both the upper and lower sides through a rotating connecting shaft 25. A mass block 26 is disposed in the middle of the retractable structure. The upper and lower ends of the mass block 26 are respectively connected to the upper panel 21 and the lower panel 22 through springs 27, thereby forming a local resonance unit. The vibration damping module 2 is installed inside the vibration damping area 101, and the upper panel 21 of the vibration damping module 2 abuts against the inner wall of the upper surface of the vibration damping area 101, and the lower panel 22 is supported by the lower surface of the vibration damping area 101. A plurality of vibration damping modules 2 can be provided in each vibration damping area 101. The plurality of vibration damping modules 2 are connected side by side. The arrangement direction of the plurality of vibration damping modules 2 can be along the length and / or width direction of the sleeper.

[0051] When the vibration damping module 2 absorbs the vibration from the sleeper body, the middle mass block 26 moves in the up and down direction under the restriction of the spring. The mass block 26 and the retractable structure together form a vibration damping unit, which plays a sufficient vibration damping role for the sleeper.

[0052] In this embodiment, further, corrugated damping structures 23 are provided on both the upper panel 21 and the lower panel 22, and the corrugated damping structures 23 are arranged to spread from the center to the periphery. The corrugated damping structure 23 includes a plurality of independently arranged damping arms 28. The damping arms 28 near the center are arranged in a circular shape, and the damping arms 28 near the edge are arranged in an arc shape. The plurality of damping arms 28 form a water wave-like structure, whereby the damping arms 28 and the mass block 26 form a local resonance unit to achieve low-frequency damping of the sleeper. Moreover, during the actual construction and installation process, according to the different installation sections of the sleeper, by adjusting the number and size of the damping arms and the size of the mass block, the effective attenuation of vibration at specific frequencies can be achieved for sleepers with different damping and noise reduction requirements, thereby achieving damping in multiple frequency bands.

[0053] As one of the embodiments of the present invention, a method for preparing a composite sleeper is also provided, which specifically includes the following process:

[0054] (1) Fabricate a metal frame according to the preset dimensions, and install damping modules at the positions corresponding to the damping areas within the metal frame according to the line damping requirements.

[0055] (2) Prepare the concrete material according to the following ratio:

[0056] By weight, 10 - 20 parts of portland cement, 20 - 40 parts of recycled aggregate, 10 - 20 parts of rubber particles, 5 - 10 parts of reinforcing fiber, and 0.04 - 0.2 parts of water reducing agent.

[0057] And pour the prepared concrete material between the inner frame 11 and the outer frame 12 of the metal frame. After curing at normal temperature for 3 - 5 days, a sleeper body is formed.

[0058] (3) Coat an adhesive layer on the inner wall of the sleeper body corresponding to the weight reduction area. Immediately after uniform coating, pour resin concrete composite material.

[0059] (4) Prepare the resin concrete composite material according to the following ratio:

[0060] By weight, 15 - 25 parts of epoxy resin, 20 - 40 parts of vitrified microspheres, 10 - 20 parts of plant ash, 5 - 10 parts of reinforcing fiber, 5 - 10 parts of diluent, 3 - 8 parts of curing agent, and 0.5 - 1 part of air-entraining agent. And pour the prepared resin concrete composite material into the weight reduction area inside the sleeper body.

[0061] The preparation of the resin concrete composite material can also be carried out before coating the adhesive layer. It only needs to be properly stored.

[0062] Example 1:

[0063] (1) Fabricate a metal frame according to a preset size, and install vibration damping modules at positions corresponding to the vibration damping areas within the metal frame according to the requirements of line vibration damping;

[0064] (2) Prepare concrete materials according to the following ratio:

[0065] By weight, 15 parts of portland cement, 30 parts of recycled aggregate, 15 parts of rubber particles, 8 parts of reinforcing fiber, and 0.1 part of polycarboxylate water reducer.

[0066] And pour the prepared concrete materials between the inner frame 11 and the outer frame 12 of the metal frame. After curing at normal temperature for 4 days, a sleeper body is formed;

[0067] (3) Prepare adhesive layer materials according to the following ratio:

[0068] Component A includes 80 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 30 parts of bisphenol F epoxy resin, 20 parts of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 2 parts of KH-550 silane coupling agent, and 10 parts of reactive silica powder by weight;

[0069] Component B includes 15 parts of ketimine curing agent, 45 parts of polyamide curing agent, and 8 parts of 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol by weight;

[0070] Then mix Component A and Component B in a weight ratio of 10:4, and coat the adhesive layer on the inner wall of the sleeper body corresponding to the weight reduction area. Immediately pour the resin concrete composite material after uniform coating;

[0071] (4) Prepare resin concrete composite materials according to the following ratio:

[0072] By weight, 20 parts of epoxy resin, 30 parts of vitrified microspheres, 15 parts of plant ash, 7 parts of reinforcing fiber, 7 parts of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether diluent, and 5 parts of dimethylaminodiphenylmethane type curing agent. And pour the prepared resin concrete composite materials into the interior of the weight reduction area of the sleeper body.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] Wherein the types and ratios of the concrete materials are the same as those in Example 1. The difference is that the curing agent in the resin concrete composite material in (4) uses a modified polymer, that is, a copolymer of tall oil fatty acid and polyalkyltetramine.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] Wherein the types and ratios of the concrete materials are the same as those in Example 1. The difference is that the curing agent in the resin concrete composite material in (4) uses a composition with a mass ratio of dimethylaminodiphenylmethane to the modified polymer of 1:1.

[0077] Example 4

[0078] The types and proportions of the concrete materials, and the types and proportions of the resin concrete composites are the same as those in Example 1. The difference is that no active silica powder is added to the adhesive layer in (3).

[0079] Comparative Example 1

[0080] The types and proportions of the concrete materials are the same as those in Example 1. The difference is that the damping modules are omitted inside the damping area in (1), and particulate damping materials of equal mass are filled inside the damping area. The particulate damping materials are the same as those in the prior art CN201910273172.9.

[0081] Comparative Example 2

[0082] The types and proportions of the concrete materials are the same as those in Example 1. The difference is that no vitrified microspheres and plant ash are added to the resin concrete composite in (4).

[0083] Comparative Example 3

[0084] The types and proportions of the concrete materials are the same as those in Example 1. The difference is that step (3) is omitted, that is, the resin concrete composite is directly poured, and the coating of the adhesive layer is omitted.

[0085] The resin concrete composites of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are all in accordance with the proportions described in Table 1 below. The components of the adhesive layer in Examples 1 to 4 are in accordance with the proportions shown in Table 2.

[0086] Table 1 Proportions of each component of the resin concrete composite

[0087] Epoxy resin Vitrified microspheres Plant ash Reinforcing fiber Diluent Curing agent Example 1 20 30 15 7 7 5 Example 2 20 30 15 7 7 5 Example 3 20 30 15 7 7 5 Example 4 20 30 15 7 7 5 Comparative example 1 20 30 15 7 7 5 Comparative example 2 65 0 0 7 7 5 Comparative example 3 20 30 15 7 7 5

[0088] Table 2 Proportions of each component of the adhesive layer material

[0089]

[0090] In accordance with GB 50728 - 2011, the fatigue stress resistance of the sleepers in each example and comparative example after 2×10 6 times of equal - amplitude sine - wave fatigue load action was measured, and whether there were cracks at the joint of the concrete material and the resin concrete composite, and whether there was damage to the resin concrete composite itself was observed. In accordance with the "Standard for Test Methods of Mechanical Properties of Ordinary Concrete" GB / T 50081 - 2019, the compressive strength test of the sleepers in each example and comparative example was carried out. At the same time, the damping effect of the sleepers in each example and comparative example in the frequency range of 0 - 200 Hz was measured. The specific results are shown in Table 3:

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Compare the bonding performance and long-term applicability of the adhesive layer in Comparative Example 4 and Example 3. The results show that the adhesive layer added with reactive silica powder has a high bonding ability and is effective in the long term under the dynamic load environment of continuous operation such as subways or high-speed rails. No obvious cracks will appear at the joint between the resin concrete composite material and the concrete material. Due to the addition of reactive silica powder, the bulk strength of the adhesive layer is increased, and its anti-aging effect is improved. When the use environment is in a long-term dynamic load environment and a humid environment, it still has the ability to resist fatigue stress, and there are no cracks at the joints of different materials of the sleeper.

[0094] It is found by comparing Comparative Example 1 with other examples that when the particle damping material inside the sleeper is replaced with a vibration damping module, it has a good vibration damping effect, especially for low-frequency vibrations in the frequency range of 0-200 Hz.

[0095] It is found by comparing Example 3 with Examples 1 and 2 that when the curing agent in the resin concrete composite material is set as a composite curing agent, the curing agent and epoxy resin cooperate to greatly improve the compressive strength of the formed resin concrete composite material.

[0096] It is found by comparing Comparative Example 2 with other examples that expanded perlite and plant ash as lightweight fillers increase the roughness of the surface of the resin concrete composite material, thereby increasing the bonding performance of each component, so that after 2*10 6 times of equal-amplitude sine wave fatigue load action, there are still no cracks in the middle part of the formed resin concrete composite material, and each component is tightly bonded.

[0097] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A composite sleeper, characterized in that, It includes a metal frame (1), the metal frame (1) includes an inner layer frame (11) and an outer layer frame (12), concrete material is arranged between the inner layer frame (11) and the outer layer frame (12), the metal frame (1) divides the inner cavity of the sleeper into a vibration damping area (101) and a weight reduction area (102), the vibration damping area (101) is arranged at the positions near both ends, a rail fixing part (103) is arranged at the top of the vibration damping area (101), a vibration damping module (2) is installed in the vibration damping area (101) below the rail fixing part (103), the weight reduction area (102) is arranged at the position near the middle, and a resin concrete composite material is poured in the weight reduction area (102).

2. The composite sleeper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal frame (1) is arranged as a wire frame.

3. The composite sleeper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concrete material between the inner layer frame (11) and the outer layer frame (12) is composed of the following proportions: by weight, 10 - 20 parts of portland cement, 20 - 40 parts of recycled aggregate, 10 - 20 parts of rubber particles, 5 - 10 parts of reinforcing fiber, and 0.04 - 0.2 parts of water reducing agent.

4. The composite sleeper according to claim 3, characterized in that, The particle size of the recycled aggregate is 5 - 25 mm.

5. The composite sleeper according to claim 1, characterized in that, After pouring the concrete material between the inner layer frame (11) and the outer layer frame (12), a sleeper body is formed, and the wall thickness of the sleeper body is set to be 50 - 100 mm.

6. The composite sleeper according to claim 1, characterized in that, A resin concrete composite material is poured in the weight reduction area (102), and the resin concrete composite material is composed of the following proportions: by weight, 15 - 25 parts of epoxy resin, 20 - 40 parts of vitrified microspheres, 10 - 20 parts of plant ash, 5 - 10 parts of reinforcing fiber, 5 - 10 parts of diluent, 3 - 8 parts of curing agent, and 0.5 - 1 part of air entraining agent.

7. The composite sleeper according to claim 6, characterized in that, The diluent is a composition of one or both of the bifunctional active diluents 1,4 - butanediol diglycidyl ether and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether.

8. The composite sleeper according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that, The reinforcing fiber is composed of untwisted roving made of high - strength glass fiber filaments or basalt fiber filaments or other high - strength and insulating fiber filaments.

9. The composite sleeper according to claim 6, wherein, The apparent density of the vitrified microspheres is 460 kg / m 3 ~480 kg / m 3 , and the particle size is 400 mesh.

10. A preparation method of a composite sleeper, characterized in that It includes: (1) Fabricate a metal frame according to a preset size, and install a vibration damping module at the position corresponding to the vibration damping area in the metal frame according to the line vibration damping requirements; (2) Prepare the concrete material according to the following proportions: By weight, 10 - 20 parts of portland cement, 20 - 40 parts of recycled aggregate, 10 - 20 parts of rubber particles, 5 - 10 parts of reinforcing fiber, and 0.04 - 0.2 parts of water reducing agent; And pour the prepared concrete material between the inner layer frame (11) and the outer layer frame (12) of the metal frame, and after normal temperature curing for 3 - 5 days, a sleeper body is formed; (3) Coat an adhesive layer on the inner wall of the sleeper body corresponding to the weight reduction area, and immediately pour the resin concrete composite material after uniform coating; (4) Prepare the resin concrete composite material according to the following proportions: By weight, 15 - 25 parts of epoxy resin, 20 - 40 parts of vitrified microspheres, 10 - 20 parts of plant ash, 5 - 10 parts of reinforcing fiber, 5 - 10 parts of diluent, 3 - 8 parts of curing agent, and 0.5 - 1 part of air entraining agent, and pour the prepared resin concrete composite material into the interior of the weight reduction area of the sleeper body.

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