Protection device and protection method for preventing rockfall and draining on slope

Abstract

A protective device and method for preventing rockfall and draining water on slopes, including a slope protection net and an elastic protection net at the bottom of the slope, belonging to the field of slope engineering technical equipment. The slope protection net includes a slope protection net and a gravel collection device. The slope protection net is composed of several small protection nets. Inside each small protection net, there is a wire mesh made of several steel wires braided together. Two steel wires cross outside, and they are fixed in the middle by steel wire buckles. The slope gravel collection device can effectively drain water and stones. When a part of the protection net is damaged, the damaged small protection net can be disassembled and replaced without replacing the whole protection net. At the same time, a vertical elastic protection net is arranged at the bottom of the slope. The elastic protection net connects square protection nets through springs, making the protection net have a certain ductility and capable of absorbing the impact energy of falling rocks, thereby improving the safety of construction operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to slope protection and drainage devices, and particularly to a protection device and method for preventing rockfall and draining water on slopes. Background Art

[0002] Due to long-term rain erosion and weathering, there are a large number of crushed stones on the slopes of open-pit mines. The falling of crushed stones from the slopes can injure workers and damage equipment. The hazards caused by rolling stones on slopes have become one of the main reasons affecting mine safety. In recent years, slope protection nets have been adopted both at home and abroad. The slope protection net can wrap the slope to be protected through a wire rope net, thereby restricting the rolling of crushed stones on the slope and playing a role in protecting the slope.

[0003] The invention of CN105484174A provides a protection net for preventing rockfall on slopes. Specifically, a metal protection net is directly laid on the slope surface, which can effectively fix the falling stones on the slope and allow the falling stones to roll inside the protection net. However, the rolling of the crushed stones inside the slope protection net may cause collision with the anchor bolts, damaging the stability of the anchor bolts and the slope protection net in the long term. When the rain is heavy, the falling stones will be washed away by the rain, leading to landslides and being unfavorable for improving the slope stability. The invention of CN210002419U provides a protection structure for slope drainage and reinforcement. Specifically, a herringbone lattice is laid on the slope surface, and it can effectively drain water when the rain is heavy. However, due to the use of the lattice, deep ditches need to be built on the slope, so the construction on rock slopes is not easy.

[0004] Based on the above problems, a slope protection net is designed to avoid damaging the anchor bolts, be easy to construct and maintain on rocky slopes, and at the same time have the functions of crushed stone collection and drainage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite multi-layer structure slope protection device that is easy to construct, effectively drains water, collects crushed stones, has a long service life, and is detachable.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a protection device for preventing rockfall and draining water on slopes, including a slope protection net and a crushed stone collection device. There is an elastic protection net at the bottom of the slope. It is characterized in that: the shape of the slope protection net is a parallelogram, which is the same as the shape of the crushed stone collection device on the slope surface, and the two are used in a matching manner. The two form a protection device unit. The slope protection net and the crushed stone collection device are detachably connected. The protection device is composed of several protection device units. Several elastic net units are connected together to form an elastic protection net.

[0007] The slope protection net is fixed to the upper end of the inclined baffle by screws; the slope protection net is composed of several small protection nets, and each small protection net is woven by several steel wires into a wire mesh a, with two steel wires crossing and connecting at the upper part and fixed by a steel wire buckle in the middle.

[0008] The gravel collection device includes a motor with a locking function, a main circular steel, a secondary circular steel, a horizontal baffle, and an inclined baffle. It is characterized in that the motor, the main circular steel, and the secondary circular steel are all connected by gears; the secondary circular steel is fixed at the top of the long anchor rod; the horizontal baffle is composed of a small protection net, a waterproof cloth, and bottom water flow holes; the inclined baffle is composed of a small protection net and a waterproof cloth, and the waterproof cloth in the middle is tightly fixed by the small protection nets on both sides; the inclined baffle and the horizontal baffle are attached to the slope surface; a rubber is fixed at the lower end of the horizontal baffle, and both sides of the lower ends of the horizontal baffle and the inclined baffle are bolted to the short anchor rod; water flow holes are left at the bottom of the horizontal baffle, and filter meshes are provided at both ends of the water flow holes to block gravel from entering and prevent the water flow holes from being blocked; a steel wire a passes through a pulley and is connected at both ends of the top of the horizontal baffle; when gravel is generated on the slope, the gravel will be blocked by the inclined baffle, and the gravel will roll along the inclined baffle towards the horizontal baffle and accumulate here. All the gravel on the slope will be collected by the nearby horizontal baffle and accumulated. When the gravel accumulates to a certain amount, a collection bag is placed at the horizontal baffle at the bottom of the slope, the motor is turned on, and the horizontal baffle of the gravel collection device is lowered. The gravel from top to bottom will roll towards the bottom of the slope at the same time and finally enter the collection bag. After the gravel collection is completed, immediately turn on the reverse switch of the motor to close the horizontal baffle.

[0009] When encountering a heavy rainstorm and the rainwater on the slope cannot flow through the water flow holes in time, at this time, turn on the motor and lower the horizontal baffle, and the rainwater will quickly flow towards the bottom of the slope and finally drain out of the slope.

[0010] The elastic protection net includes vertical I-beams, horizontal I-beams, and square protection nets. It is characterized in that the square protection nets are connected by rings; 9 square protection nets form a partial protection net, and 4 partial protection nets form an overall protection net through springs; the overall protection net is connected to the vertical I-beams and the horizontal I-beams by steel wire b. When gravel impacts the protection net, the springs deform, the elastic protection net extends backward, the kinetic energy of the gravel is converted into the potential energy of the springs, the kinetic energy of the gravel weakens, and it falls to the ground, and the elastic protection net resumes its original state.

[0011] One inclined support rod is bolted to each side of the bottom of the vertical I-beam, and two bolt connection holes are provided at each end of the horizontal I-beam; the horizontal I-beam and the top of the vertical I-beam are bolted through the bolt connection holes of the horizontal I-beam and the bolt holes at the top of the vertical I-beam.

[0012] A protection method for a protection device for preventing falling rocks and draining water on a slope, characterized in that when constructing and installing the protection device, the following steps should be included:

[0013] Step 1: Clean the slope surface and the bottom of the slope, and manually remove gravel and sundries from the device installation area;

[0014] Step 2: According to the size of the slope, measure and determine the positions of the anchor rod holes on the slope surface and the bottom of the slope by setting out. The slope surface anchor rods are arranged in a trapezoid, and the bottom slope anchor rods are arranged on the same horizontal line;

[0015] Step 3: Install the inclined baffle and the horizontal baffle. The diameter of the baffle installation bolts is not less than 50 mm, and the construction is carried out step by step from bottom to top;

[0016] Step 4: Install the small protection net. The mesh size of the small protection net is 10 cm * 10 cm, the diameter of the steel wire rope is 3 mm, and the corners of the protection net are fixed at both ends of the inclined baffle. The construction is carried out step by step from bottom to top;

[0017] Step 5: Install the main circular steel support points to make the main circular steel suspended, at least 15 cm away from the slope surface, lay steel pipes with a diameter of 15 cm, install the secondary circular steel support points to make the secondary circular steel suspended, at least 15 cm away from the slope surface, lay steel pipes with a diameter of 10 cm, install gears at the intersection of the transverse secondary circular steel and the longitudinal main circular steel, install a motor at the top of the slope, and install a protective cover around the motor;

[0018] Step 6: The drill rig drills a groove with a width of 30 cm along the bottom of the slope. The inclination angle of the groove is 2 degrees, and a filter screen is laid on the groove;

[0019] Step 7: Install the vertical I-beam, inclined support rod and horizontal I-beam at the bottom of the slope. The diameter of the bolts used is not less than 50 mm;

[0020] Step 8: Install the elastic protection net. The mesh size of the square protection net is 10 cm * 10 cm, the diameter of the steel wire rope is 3 mm, and the diameter of the spring is not less than 5 mm.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The present invention provides a protection device and a protection method for preventing falling rocks and draining water on a slope. Generally speaking, the slope gravel protection is good, the safety performance is strong, and it is easy to construct on a rock slope. The present invention has the effects of uniformly collecting gravel and draining water. By turning on the motor and lowering the baffle, the gravel will roll down along the drainage groove to the bottom of the slope. Rainwater can flow along the drainage groove through the water flow holes of the baffle to the drainage groove at the bottom of the slope. It can effectively drain water and avoid landslides caused by rainwater. The elastic protection net at the bottom of the slope connects the square protection net through springs, making the protection net have a certain ductility and can absorb the impact energy of falling rocks, thereby improving the safety of construction operations. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a protection device for preventing falling rocks and draining water on a slope.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the slope protection net of a protection device for preventing falling rocks and draining water on a slope.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the gravel collection device of a protection device for preventing falling rocks and draining water on a slope. Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the horizontal baffle and inclined baffle of the gravel collection device of a protection device for preventing falling rocks and draining water on a slope.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the gravel collection device of a protection device for preventing falling rocks and draining water on a slope.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical protection net of a protection device for preventing falling rocks and draining water on a slope.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the I-beam structure of a protection device for preventing falling rocks and draining water on a slope.

[0030] Reference numerals: 1 - slope; 2 - slope protection net; 3 - gravel collection device; 4 - bottom drainage groove; 5 - elastic protection net; 6 - short anchor bolt; 7 - long anchor bolt; 21 - small protection net; 22 - wire mesh a; 31 - motor; 32 - main circular steel; 33 - secondary circular steel; 34 - horizontal baffle; 35 - inclined baffle; 341 - fixed pulley; 342 - wire rope a; 343 - rubber; 3441: waterproof cloth; 3442 - water flow hole; 51 - vertical I-beam; 511 - bolt hole; 512 - inclined support rod; 52 - horizontal I-beam; 521 - bolt connection hole; 53 - spring; 54 - square protection net; 55 - wire mesh b; 56 - ring; 57 wire rope b. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, the schematic structural diagram of the slope protection net structure is provided on the open-pit mining slope.

[0033] As Figure 2 shown, the slope protection net 2 is composed of a plurality of small protection nets 21, and the small protection nets 21 are wire meshes woven by a plurality of wire ropes.

[0034] As Figure 3 shown, the slope protection net 2 is fixed to the upper end of the inclined baffle 35 by screws.

[0035] As Figure 3-4 shown, the gravel collection device 3 includes a motor 31 with a locking function, a main circular steel 32, a secondary circular steel 33, a horizontal baffle 34, and an inclined baffle 35. The motor 31, the main circular steel 32, and the secondary circular steel 33 are all connected by gears; the secondary circular steel 33 is fixed to the top of the long anchor bolt 7; the inclined baffle 35 and the horizontal baffle 34 are tightly attached to the slope surface and are bolt-connected at both ends to the short anchor bolts; the two sides of the lower end of the horizontal baffle 34 are bolt-connected to the short anchor bolts, and a rubber 343 is fixed to the lower end of the horizontal baffle 34; two wire ropes a 342 pass through the fixed pulleys 341 and are connected at both ends of the top of the horizontal baffle 34; when gravel is generated on the slope, the gravel will be blocked by the inclined baffle 35. The gravel rolls along the inclined baffle 35 towards the horizontal baffle 34 and accumulates here. All the gravel on the slope will be collected by the nearby horizontal baffle 34 and accumulate. When a certain amount of gravel has accumulated, a collection bag is placed at the horizontal baffle at the bottom of the slope, the motor 31 is turned on, and the horizontal baffle 34 of the gravel collection device is lowered. The gravel from top to bottom will roll towards the bottom of the slope at the same time and finally enter the collection bag. After the gravel collection is completed, immediately turn on the reverse switch of the motor to close the horizontal baffle 34.

[0036] AsFigure 5 As shown, the horizontal baffle 34 is composed of the small protective net 21, the waterproof cloth 3441 and the bottom water flow holes 3442. The inclined baffle 35 is composed of the small protective net 21 and the waterproof cloth 3441. The small protective net 21 and the waterproof cloth 3441 are fixed by bolts.

[0037] As Figure 1-5 shown, when encountering heavy rainstorms, the rainwater on the slope cannot flow through the water flow holes 3442 in time. At this time, turn on the motor 31 and lower the horizontal baffle 34, and the rainwater will quickly flow to the bottom of the slope and finally drain out of the slope.

[0038] As Figure 6 shown, the device further includes an elastic protective net 5 at the bottom of the slope. The elastic protective net 5 includes vertical I-beams 51, horizontal I-beams 52, and square protective nets 54. It is characterized in that the square protective nets 54 are connected by rings 56. Nine of the square protective nets 54 form a partial protective net, and four partial protective nets form an overall protective net through springs 53. The overall protective net is connected to the vertical I-beams 51 and the horizontal I-beams 52 by wire ropes b 57. When gravel impacts the elastic protective net 5, the springs 53 deform, and the elastic protective net 5 extends backward, converting the kinetic energy of the gravel into the potential energy of the springs. The kinetic energy of the gravel weakens and it falls to the ground, and the elastic protective net 5 resumes its original state.

[0039] As Figure 7 shown, there is an inclined support rod 512 on each side of the bottom of the vertical I-beam 51, which is connected by bolts. There are two bolt connection holes 521 at each end of the horizontal I-beam 52. The horizontal I-beam 52 and the top of the vertical I-beam 51 are connected by bolts through the bolt connection holes 521 of the horizontal I-beam 52 and the bolt holes 513 at the top of the vertical I-beam 51.

[0040] As Figure 7 shown, the vertical I-beam 51 and the inclined support rod 512 form a triangular support structure to prevent the bottom elastic protective net from collapsing under the impact of falling rocks.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "oblique", "horizontal", "vertical", "back", etc. is the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the products of the present invention are usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the devices and elements referred to must have a specific orientation structure and operation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0042] The present invention has substantial features and remarkable technical progress. The protective device and method for preventing rockfall and draining water on a slope according to the present invention can prevent crushed stones from falling from the slope and damaging the protective net. At the same time, it can collect the crushed stones on the slope uniformly and has a certain drainage effect. The elastic protective net at the bottom slope is connected by springs, making the protective net elastic and buffering the impact of the falling crushed stones to avoid sudden damage to the protective net.

[0043] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the relevant technical fields can also make various transformations or changes without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the present invention and should be defined by each claim.

Claims

1. A protective device for preventing rockfall and draining water on a slope, comprising a slope protection net and a gravel collection device. There is an elastic protection net at the bottom of the slope, and it is characterized in that: The shape of the slope protection net is a parallelogram, which is the same as the shape of the gravel collection device on the slope surface, and the two are used in combination. The two form a protection device unit. The slope protection net is detachably connected to the gravel collection device. The protection device is composed of several protection device units. Several elastic net units are connected together to form an elastic protection net. The slope protection net is fixed to the upper end of the inclined baffle by screws; the slope protection net is composed of several small protection nets. The small protection net is woven by several steel wires into a wire mesh a. There are two steel wires crossed and connected at the upper part, and there are steel wire clamps fixed in the middle. The gravel collection device includes a motor with a locking function, a main circular steel, a secondary circular steel, a horizontal baffle, and an inclined baffle. The motor, the main circular steel, and the secondary circular steel are all connected by gears; the secondary circular steel is fixed to the top of the long anchor rod; the horizontal baffle is composed of a small protection net, a waterproof cloth, and bottom water flow holes; the inclined baffle is composed of a small protection net and a waterproof cloth. The waterproof cloth in the middle is tightly fixed by the small protection nets on both sides; the inclined baffle and the horizontal baffle are attached to the slope surface; a rubber is fixed at the lower end of the horizontal baffle. The two sides at the lower ends of the horizontal baffle and the inclined baffle are bolted to the short anchor rod; there are water flow holes left at the bottom of the horizontal baffle, and there are filter nets at both ends of the water flow holes to block gravel from entering and prevent the water flow holes from being blocked; there is a steel wire a passing through a pulley and connected at each end of the top of the horizontal baffle; when gravel is generated on the slope, the gravel will be blocked by the inclined baffle, and the gravel will roll along the inclined baffle towards the horizontal baffle and accumulate here. All the gravel on the slope will be collected by the nearby horizontal baffle and accumulate. When a certain amount of gravel has accumulated, a collection bag is placed at the horizontal baffle at the bottom of the slope, the motor is turned on, and the horizontal baffle of the gravel collection device is lowered. The gravel from top to bottom will roll towards the bottom of the slope at the same time and finally enter the collection bag. After the gravel collection is completed, immediately turn on the reverse switch of the motor to close the horizontal baffle. When encountering a heavy rainstorm and the rainwater on the slope cannot flow through the water flow holes in time, at this time, turn on the motor and lower the horizontal baffle, and the rainwater will quickly flow towards the bottom of the slope and finally drain out of the slope. The elastic protection net includes vertical I-beams, horizontal I-beams, and square protection nets. The square protection nets are connected by rings; 9 square protection nets form a partial protection net, and 4 partial protection nets form an overall protection net through springs; the overall protection net is connected to the vertical I-beams and horizontal I-beams by steel wires b. When gravel impacts the protection net, the springs deform, the elastic protection net extends backward, the kinetic energy of the gravel is converted into the potential energy of the springs, the kinetic energy of the gravel weakens, and it falls to the ground, and the elastic protection net resumes.

2. The protective device for slope rockfall prevention and drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is an inclined support rod on each side at the bottom of the vertical I-beam, which is bolted; there are two bolt connection holes at each end of the horizontal I-beam; the horizontal I-beam and the top of the vertical I-beam are bolted through the bolt connection holes of the horizontal I-beam and the bolt holes at the top of the vertical I-beam.

3. The protection method of a protection device for slope rockfall prevention and drainage according to claim 2, characterized in that When installing the protection device during construction, the following steps should be included: Step 1: Clean the slope surface and the bottom of the slope, and manually remove gravel and sundries from the device installation area; Step 2: According to the size of the slope, conduct line measurement to determine the positions of the anchor holes on the slope surface and at the bottom of the slope. The slope surface anchor rods are arranged in a trapezoidal pattern, and the bottom slope anchor rods are arranged on the same horizontal line; Step 3: Install the inclined baffle and the horizontal baffle. The diameter of the bolts for installing the baffle is not less than 50 mm, and the construction is carried out step by step from bottom to top; Step 4: Install the small protective net. The mesh size of the small protective net is 10 cm * 10 cm, the diameter of the steel wire rope is 3 mm, and the corners of the protective net are fixed at both ends of the inclined baffle, and the construction is carried out step by step from bottom to top; Step 5: Install the main circular steel support points to make the main circular steel suspended, at least 15 cm away from the slope surface, lay steel pipes with a diameter of 15 cm, install the secondary circular steel support points to make the secondary circular steel suspended, at least 15 cm away from the slope surface, lay steel pipes with a diameter of 10 cm, install gears at the intersection of the transverse secondary circular steel and the longitudinal main circular steel, install a motor at the top of the slope, and install a protective cover around the motor; Step 6: The drill rig drills a groove with a width of 30 cm along the bottom of the slope. The inclination angle of the groove is 2 degrees, and a filter screen is laid on the groove; Step 7: Install the vertical I-beams, inclined support rods and horizontal I-beams at the bottom of the slope. The diameter of the bolts used is not less than 50 mm; Step 8: Install the elastic protective net. The mesh size of the square protective net is 10 cm * 10 cm, the diameter of the steel wire rope is 3 mm, and the diameter of the spring is not less than 5 mm.

Images