A single-sensor high-acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance
By using a single-sensor calibration method based on phase resonance, and by integrating the control of the vibration table and the resonant amplification mechanism with laser interferometer measurement, the complexity and high cost of multi-sensor calibration in the prior art are solved, and high-precision, low-cost vibration sensor calibration is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202211124304.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-09-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-09-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing high-acceleration vibration sensor calibration methods require multiple standard sensors, resulting in complex systems, high costs, poor flexibility, and limited measurement accuracy, making it difficult to meet the demands for high precision and flexibility.
A single-sensor calibration method based on phase resonance is adopted. By calculating the phase of the sensor signal and the phase of the excitation signal, the calibration device is simplified by using the integrated control of the vibration table and the resonant amplification mechanism. A laser interferometer is used to measure the sensor velocity signal and solve the vibration phase and acceleration.
It enables efficient, flexible, and accurate vibration sensor calibration, simplifies equipment costs, improves measurement accuracy and flexibility, and is suitable for calibration of different frequencies and acceleration ranges.
Smart Images
Figure CN115615538B_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application belongs to the field of vibration sensor metrology, and more particularly relates to high acceleration vibration sensor metrology. BACKGROUND
[0002] High acceleration sensors are important components for monitoring vibration and impact, and are widely used in vehicles and industries. High acceleration vibration refers to the violent and continuous vibration of the structure of an object. Generally, high acceleration vibration can cause structural damage to some thin plate structures in the object. For example, during the operation of a flying vehicle and a spacecraft, some thin plate structures of some components and engines can be deformed due to fatigue caused by high acceleration vibration, or even directly damaged, thereby affecting the normal operation of the vehicle. In order to confirm the performance of the acceleration sensor, the performance of the sensor must be calibrated by a vibration table. With the continuous progress of human space exploration and flight technology, it is particularly important to develop a high-precision and applicable vibration calibration method to accurately determine the performance of high acceleration sensors.
[0003] Currently, the high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method using a resonant amplification mechanism needs to be resonant. The resonant method based on the phase resonance principle has the advantages of strong anti-interference ability, good dynamic performance, wide measurement frequency range, etc., and can realize high-precision high acceleration vibration control measurement, but the measurement system is complex, the cost is high, the flexibility is poor, and it is difficult to be used for calibration of large mass vibration sensors. The single sensor method has the advantages of high efficiency, flexibility, high precision and low cost. Due to the phase invariance of the excitation signal, the resonant method can be used to resonate the signal of the calibrated sensor, so the single sensor calibration method is proposed to improve the measurement accuracy while reducing the complexity and cost of the measurement system, and to improve the flexibility.
[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the problem of resonant stay of the current resonant high acceleration bionic device, multiple standard sensors are needed for calibration, and there are problems of complex system, high cost, poor flexibility, limited measurement accuracy. The present application provides a single sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance, which is efficient, flexible and accurate. The method of the present application measures the signal phase of the calibrated sensor, simplifies the calibration device and the required equipment. The present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific implementation examples. SUMMARY
[0005] In order to solve the frequency offset problem, the current resonant high acceleration vibration table uses feedback control, and then uses too many standard sensors. The measurement system has the disadvantages of high cost, poor flexibility, large measurement human error, high requirement for calibration environment, etc.
[0006] The application provides a high-efficiency, flexible and accurate single-sensor high-acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance, comprising the following steps:
[0007] The vibration control method using the calibrated sensor signal: the vibration calibration with high amplitude involves the use of a resonance amplification device, and the resonance must be controlled to ensure the stability of the vibration amplitude. The original control method needs to install a standard sensor on the resonance amplification mechanism and the vibration table surface to monitor the vibration state and then maintain the vibration amplitude. The application calculates the phase of the calibrated sensor vibration signal and the phase of the excitation signal based on the characteristic that the phase trend of the calibrated sensor is unchanged, and the obtained phase difference is used as a reference for controlling the excitation signal.
[0008] Integrated control of the vibration table and the resonance amplification mechanism: due to the consistency of the vibration signal phase, in actual vibration tests, the vibration control can regard the vibration table as a black box structure and does not care about the specific form of the system equation. Therefore, the method uses the phase resonance formula to regard the surface of the electromagnetic vibration table and the coil structure as part of the resonance amplification mechanism for control, and does not involve the specific form of the vibration table transfer function.
[0009] The method uses the excitation signal as the input end of the transfer function to perform integrated control on the vibration table and the resonance structure.
[0010] A single-sensor high-acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance, the measurement method comprising the following steps,
[0011] S1: installing a calibrated sensor on a resonance amplification mechanism composed of a support mechanism and a resonance beam, and sending a vibration signal from a signal source to a power amplifier to make the vibration table in a normal working state;
[0012] S2: collecting the vibration signals of the calibrated sensor and the signal source in real time, searching for a resonance excitation point according to the phase difference between the two vibration signals, and recording and storing the sweep frequency response data;
[0013] S3: gradually increasing the power of the signal source excitation signal, and maintaining the phase resonance state of the resonance amplification mechanism by adjusting the frequency of the signal source excitation signal to make the resonance beam reach the required acceleration;
[0014] S4: measuring the speed signal of the calibrated sensor using a laser interferometer, calculating the vibration phase and the actual acceleration, and comparing them with the return voltage signal of the calibrated sensor to obtain the sensitivity and phase offset measurement results of the calibrated sensor.
[0015] The method for maintaining the phase resonance state of the resonance amplification mechanism specifically comprises the following steps:
[0016] (1) signal phase acquisition;
[0017] The phase difference for feedback compensation is obtained by collecting and analyzing the waveform signals of the calibrated sensor and the excitation signal source, and calculating the difference of their phases.
[0018] (2) Adjusting the frequency-locked phase difference;
[0019] The maintenance of the resonance state of the resonance amplification mechanism, i.e. resonance dwell, is achieved by locking and tracking the phase difference signal and feedback adjusting the excitation frequency of the signal source.
[0020] The control and adjustment of the vibration table and the resonance amplification mechanism during the calibration process are achieved by the feedback signals from the calibrated sensor or signal source itself, without the aid of other standard sensors or measurement methods and devices.
[0021] The sensitivity and phase of the finally calibrated sensor are obtained by laser interferometry, and the traceability is obtained. In addition, when traceability calibration is not required, the final calibration data can also be obtained by other measurement methods, such as standard sensors, but the standard sensors can not participate in the vibration control.
[0022] The calibration device used in the calibration of the single-sensor high-acceleration vibration sensor based on phase resonance mainly comprises a resonance amplification mechanism, a vibration table, a power amplifier, a laser interferometer, a signal conditioner, a signal source, a control computer or an oscilloscope acquisition device.
[0023] The resonance amplification mechanism is composed of a support mechanism and a resonance beam, which is fixed on the table surface of the vibration table; the calibrated sensor is fixed at the mounting position on the resonance beam; the output signal of the signal source is connected to the power amplifier to control the vibration table, and is also connected to the control computer or the oscilloscope acquisition device; the laser signal of the laser interferometer is aligned with the vibration axis of the vibration table, and measures the calibrated sensor, and the output signal of the calibrated sensor is connected to the data storage device for calculation; the control computer or the oscilloscope acquisition device compares and analyzes the calibrated sensor signal processed by the signal conditioner and the excitation signal of the signal source, thereby adjusting or controlling the signal source signal, and finally saving and displaying the calibration results.
[0024] The planar motion displacement and trajectory measurement method has the following advantages:
[0025] (1) The method is stable, reliable and practical, and can be applied to the calibration of vibration sensors with different frequency and acceleration ranges at the same time.
[0026] (2) The calibration process of the method is simple, flexible, efficient and low in system cost, and no standard sensor is required for high-acceleration calibration in different frequency ranges.
[0027] (3) The method realizes high-precision resonance stability control by monitoring the phases of the excitation signal and the calibrated sensor.
[0028] The method belongs to the vibration sensor calibration method, and can realize high acceleration vibration amplitude stability and calibration in a certain frequency range.
[0029] The method utilizes the signal of the calibrated sensor, simplifies the control system under the premise of ensuring calibration accuracy, reduces the cost, simultaneously improves the maximum load of the resonance amplification mechanism, and provides an effective way for calibrating sensors with larger mass. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0030] The method is a single-sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance. Figure 1 The method is a single-sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance.
[0031] The method is a single-sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance. Figure 2 The method is a single-sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance.
[0032] The method is a single-sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance. Figure 3 The method is a single-sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] In order to solve the problems of system complexity, high cost, poor flexibility and limited measurement accuracy caused by the need of using multiple standard sensors for resonance residence in the existing calibration method, the application provides a single-sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance, which is efficient, flexible and accurate. The method measures the signal phase of the calibrated sensor, simplifies the calibration device and the required equipment. The application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific implementation examples.
[0034] The method is a single-sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance. Figure 1 The method is a single-sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance. The device mainly comprises a resonance amplification mechanism, a vibration table, a power amplifier, a laser interferometer, a signal conditioner, a signal source, a control computer or an oscilloscope acquisition device. The features are as follows: the calibrated sensor and the resonance beam standard sensor are fixed on the resonance beam center; the resonance beam is connected to the vibration table surface and fixes the vibration table standard sensor; the output signal of the control system is connected to the data signal input end of the power amplifier; the power amplifier signal output is connected to the vibration table signal input end; the two standard sensors are respectively connected to the control system signal input interface; the control system sends signals through the power amplifier to control the vibration of the vibration table plane, and excite the vibration of the resonance beam and the sensor on the resonance beam.
[0035] The method is a single-sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance. Figure 2 The method is a single-sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance. The measurement method mainly comprises the following steps:
[0036] S1: The resonance beam is installed with the calibrated sensor, and the signal source sends a vibration signal to the power amplifier, so that the vibration table is in a normal working state;
[0037] S2: Collecting vibration data of sensors and signal source in real time, searching for resonance excitation point according to phase difference between two vibration signals, and recording and storing sweep frequency response data;
[0038] S3: Gradually increasing power of excitation signal, and maintaining phase resonance state of resonance amplification mechanism by adjusting frequency of excitation signal, so that resonance beam reaches required acceleration;
[0039] S4: Measuring speed signal of calibrated sensor by using laser interferometer, calculating vibration phase and actual acceleration, and comparing with returned voltage signal of sensor to obtain measurement results of sensitivity and phase shift of sensor.
[0040] Reference Figure 3 The present application is a flow chart of resonance dwell control method of sensor without standard based on phase resonance. The resonance dwell method of sensor without standard of the present application comprises the following steps:
[0041] Step S11: Collecting phase of calibrated sensor signal;
[0042] Step S12: Reading input signal phase of signal source by using signal phase invariable characteristic of power amplifier and electromagnetic excitation structure of vibration table;
[0043] Step S13: Determining resonance amplification state of resonance amplification mechanism by phase difference between signal source signal and calibrated sensor;
[0044] Step S14: Adjusting excitation frequency, locking resonance phase difference and maintaining resonance state based on phase resonance method;
[0045] Step S15: Locking phase difference in basic interval, maintaining resonance gain multiple, and adjusting excitation amplitude;
[0046] Step S16: Adjusting system acceleration to required calibration, maintaining gain ability of resonance amplification mechanism, and realizing resonance dwell.
[0047] The specific parameters of the device of the present embodiment are as follows: frequency range is 19.7-2148.4 Hz, maximum resonance acceleration is 1200 m / s 2 The calibrated sensor is selected from 301A12 type sensor produced by PCB, and the nominal sensitivity is 0.047 mV / m / s 2 .
[0048] In order to verify the calibration ability of the single sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance of the present application, the method of the present application is used to realize 50-11853 m / s 2Acceleration covered vibration sensor calibration. Table 1 shows the sensitivity and phase difference measurement results of the calibrated sensor by the laser interferometry method in the specific implementation example of the method of the present application. The calibration capability of the single sensor method for the sensitivity and the sensor signal phase difference meets the metrological requirements according to the results in Table 1.
[0049] Table 1 Calibration results of the single sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method
[0050]
[0051]
[0052] The above description is a detailed introduction to the implementation examples of the present application, which is not intended to limit the present application in any form. Those skilled in the art can make a series of optimizations, improvements and modifications on the basis of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A single-sensor high acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance, characterized by, It comprises the following steps, S1: install the sensor to be calibrated on the resonance amplification mechanism composed of the support mechanism and the resonance beam, and the signal source sends a vibration signal to the power amplifier to make the vibration table in a normal working state; S2: collect the vibration signals of the sensor to be calibrated and the signal source in real time, search for the resonance excitation point according to the phase difference between the two vibration signals, and record and store the sweep frequency response data; S3: gradually increase the power of the signal source excitation signal, and maintain the phase resonance state of the resonance amplification mechanism by adjusting the frequency of the signal source excitation signal to make the resonance beam reach the required acceleration; S4: measure the speed signal of the calibrated sensor using a laser interferometer, calculate the vibration phase and actual acceleration, and compare them with the returned voltage signal of the calibrated sensor to obtain the sensitivity and phase offset measurement results of the calibrated sensor.
2. The single-sensor high-acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance according to claim 1, characterized in that: the maintenance of the phase resonance state of the resonance amplification mechanism specifically comprises: (1) signal phase collection; The phase difference for feedback compensation is obtained by collecting and analyzing the waveform signals of the calibrated sensor and the excitation signal source, and calculating the phase difference; (2) frequency adjustment to lock the phase difference; The maintenance of the resonance state of the resonance amplification mechanism, i.e. resonance residence, is achieved by locking and tracking the phase difference signal and feeding back the excitation frequency of the signal source.
3. The single-sensor high-acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the calibration process, the control and adjustment of the vibration table and the resonance amplification mechanism are achieved by the feedback signals sent by the calibrated sensor or the signal source itself, without the aid of other standard sensors or measurement methods and devices; The sensitivity and phase of the final calibrated sensor are measured by laser interferometry, and the traceability is obtained. In addition, when traceability calibration is not required, the final calibration data can also be obtained by other measurement methods, such as standard sensors, but the standard sensors can not participate in the vibration control.
4. The calibration device for the single-sensor high-acceleration vibration sensor calibration method based on phase resonance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device mainly comprises a resonance amplification mechanism, a vibration table, a power amplifier, a laser interferometer, a signal conditioner, a signal source, a control computer or an oscilloscope acquisition device; The resonance amplification mechanism is composed of a support mechanism and a resonance beam, which is fixed on the table surface of the vibration table. The calibrated sensor is fixed at the installation position on the resonance beam. The output signal of the signal source is controlled by the power amplifier to control the vibration table, and is connected to the control computer or the oscilloscope acquisition device. The laser signal of the laser interferometer is aligned with the vibration axis of the vibration table to measure the calibrated sensor, and the output signal is connected to the data storage for calculation. The control computer or the oscilloscope acquisition device compares and analyzes the signals of the calibrated sensor and the excitation signal of the signal source processed by the signal conditioner, adjusts or controls the signal of the signal source, and finally saves and displays the calibration results.