Fuel cell control method, fuel cell, vehicle, electronic device, and medium

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell control method, a fuel cell, a vehicle, an electronic device, and a medium. The present invention controls the excessive increase in water content and impurities on the hydrogen side inside a fuel cell stack and controls the opening of a drain and exhaust valve to quickly restore the fuel cell to a balanced water content corresponding to the output current within a period of time after the output current of the fuel cell system increases rapidly and reaches stability, thereby restoring the minimum single-chip voltage and the average single-chip voltage values ​​to within a normal range, thereby effectively slowing down the engine attenuation rate and extending the engine service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a fuel cell control method, a fuel cell, a vehicle, an electronic device, and a medium. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell is an electrochemical reaction device in which hydrogen and oxygen react in two half electrodes to produce water, converting chemical energy into electrical energy and, at the same time, into heat energy with some efficiency loss.

[0003] A fuel cell stack is constructed by connecting multiple fuel cell cells in a series arrangement, repeating the negative electrode-positive electrode-negative electrode-positive electrode pattern. Adjacent fuel cell cells are separated by bipolar plates. A hydrogen supply channel is formed on one side of the bipolar plate, contacting the hydrogen reaction electrode. An oxygen (air) supply channel is formed on the other side of the bipolar plate, contacting the oxygen reaction electrode. A coolant supply channel is formed in the center of the bipolar plate. Sealants are used to seal the different medium flow channels.

[0004] Fuel cell systems are used in vehicle powertrains as a power source to drive the vehicle. This inevitably leads to an increase in vehicle power demand, requiring the fuel cell system to meet this power demand. To increase the output power of the fuel cell system, the output current must be increased. This increase in fuel cell output current leads to a simultaneous increase in the water content and hydrogen-side impurities generated by the electrochemical reactions within the fuel cell stack. This excessive increase in water content and impurities within the fuel cell stack, in turn, reduces the fuel cell stack's output power and shortens the life of the fuel cell stack. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fuel cell control method, a fuel cell, a vehicle, an electronic device and a medium that overcome the technical problems existing in the background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the first technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A fuel cell control method comprising:

[0008] S1: Set the fuel cell average single-cell voltage minimum threshold V3, the minimum single-cell voltage minimum threshold V4, the stack water content target value W2, and the stack target hydrogen pressure;

[0009] S2: Read the current current I1 and target current I2 of the fuel cell; determine whether I1 reaches I2, if not, re-determine; if so, read the current water content W1 of the fuel cell stack;

[0010] S3: Determine whether W1 is less than or equal to W2; if so, set the fuel cell drain valve to open for drainage; if not, force the drain valve to open for drainage of water from the hydrogen side;

[0011] S4: Read the current average single-chip voltage V1 and the current minimum single-chip voltage V2 of the fuel cell, determine whether V1 is greater than V3, and at the same time determine whether V2 is greater than V4; if both are no, open the exhaust valve, and reset the target pressure on the hydrogen side to discharge the impurities on the hydrogen side; if both are yes, set the fuel cell exhaust valve to open to discharge the impurities on the hydrogen side.

[0012] In order to solve the above technical problems, the second technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0013] A fuel cell includes a control system, wherein the control system implements the above-mentioned fuel cell control method.

[0014] In order to solve the above technical problems, the third technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0015] A vehicle comprises the above-mentioned fuel cell.

[0016] In order to solve the above technical problems, the fourth technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0017] An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory;

[0018] The memory is used to store computer instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer instructions stored in the memory to implement the above-mentioned fuel cell control method.

[0019] In order to solve the above technical problems, the fifth technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0020] A computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the above-mentioned fuel cell control method.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: by controlling the excessive increase of water content and impurities on the hydrogen side inside the fuel cell stack and controlling the opening of the drain and exhaust valves within a period of time after the output current of the fuel cell system increases rapidly and reaches stability, the fuel cell is quickly restored to the equilibrium water content corresponding to the output current, and the minimum single-chip voltage and average single-chip voltage values ​​are restored to the normal range, which can effectively slow down the engine attenuation rate and extend the engine service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a fuel cell control method according to a second specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To illustrate the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is given in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] A fuel cell control method comprising:

[0026] S1: Set the fuel cell average single-cell voltage minimum threshold V3, the minimum single-cell voltage minimum threshold V4, the stack water content target value W2, and the stack target hydrogen pressure P1;

[0027] S2: Read the current current I1 and target current I2 of the fuel cell; determine whether I1 reaches I2, if not, re-determine; if so, read the current water content W1 of the fuel cell stack;

[0028] S3: Determine whether W1 is less than or equal to W2; if so, set the fuel cell drain valve to open for drainage; if not, force the drain valve to open for drainage of water from the hydrogen side;

[0029] S4: Read the current average single-chip voltage V1 and the current minimum single-chip voltage V2 of the fuel cell, determine whether V1 is greater than V3, and also determine whether V2 is greater than V4; if both are negative, open the exhaust valve and reset the target pressure on the hydrogen side to discharge the impurities on the hydrogen side; if both are positive, set the fuel cell exhaust valve to open to discharge the impurities on the hydrogen side;

[0030] S5: Determine whether a shutdown command is received. If a shutdown command is received, the process goes to stop the fuel cell. If no shutdown command is received, the process goes back to S2 for loop.

[0031] Because the engine decays after a certain period of operation, the single-cell voltage value of the fuel cell stack will decrease during normal operation. Therefore, the fuel cell average single-cell voltage minimum threshold V3 and the minimum single-cell voltage minimum threshold V4 will be self-calibrated as the engine runs (the calibration method can be operating data statistics or modeling statistical data) to ensure the effectiveness of the fuel cell average single-cell voltage minimum threshold V3 and the minimum single-cell voltage minimum threshold V4. Therefore, the fuel cell average single-cell voltage minimum threshold V3 and the minimum single-cell voltage minimum threshold V4 decrease as the fuel cell runs longer.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] Reference Figure 1 , a fuel cell control method, comprising

[0034] Step S11: Set the fuel cell average single-chip voltage minimum threshold V3, the minimum single-chip voltage minimum threshold V4, the stack water content target value W2, and the stack target hydrogen pressure P1. The voltage threshold, target water content value, and target hydrogen pressure value comparison relationship can be derived from test data or modeling statistical data. Considering that the engine will decay after running for a certain period of time, the single-chip voltage value will decrease when the stack is operating normally. Therefore, the fuel cell average single-chip voltage minimum threshold V3 and the minimum single-chip voltage minimum threshold V4 will be self-calibrated as the engine runs (the calibration method can be operating data statistics or modeling statistical data) to ensure the effectiveness of the fuel cell average single-chip voltage minimum threshold V3 and the minimum single-chip voltage minimum threshold V4.

[0035] Step S12: Read the fuel cell current I1 and target current I2, where the target current is derived from vehicle power demand calculation or test data.

[0036] Step S13: Determine whether the current I1 reaches the target current I2;

[0037] Step S14: If the conditions in S13 are met, wait for t1 time and then read the current water content W1 of the fuel cell stack;

[0038] Step S15: determining whether the current stack water content W1 is less than or equal to the stack water content target value W2;

[0039] Step S16: If the conditions in S15 are met, the fuel cell drain valve is set to open periodically for a time t3 to drain water, where the opening time t3 is derived from test calibration or modeling statistical data;

[0040] Step S17: If the condition in S15 is not met, the drain valve is forcibly opened for a time t2 to discharge water from the hydrogen side, where the opening time t2 is calculated or modeled based on the current water content W1 and the target water content W2;

[0041] Step S18: reading the current average single-chip voltage V1 and the current minimum single-chip voltage V2 of the fuel cell;

[0042] Step S19: determining whether the current average single-chip voltage V1 is greater than the average single-chip voltage minimum threshold V3, and whether the current minimum single-chip voltage V2 is greater than the minimum single-chip voltage minimum threshold V4;

[0043] Step S20: If the condition in S19 is not met, the exhaust valve is forcibly opened at time t5, and the target pressure on the hydrogen side is set to P1+P2, P2>=0, to exhaust the impurities on the hydrogen side. The opening time t5 is based on model calculation or test data, and the pressure P2 is based on test calibration or model calculation;

[0044] Step S21: If the conditions in S19 are met, set the fuel cell exhaust valve to periodically open for a time t4 to discharge impurities on the hydrogen side, where the opening time t4 is derived from experimental calibration or modeling statistical data;

[0045] Step S22: Determine whether a shutdown command is received. If a shutdown command is received, proceed to step S23 and end. If no shutdown command is received, return to step S12 and loop;

[0046] Step S23: End.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] A fuel cell control system, characterized by comprising a main control unit, wherein the main control unit implements the fuel cell control method described in any one of the first embodiment or the second embodiment of the claim.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] A vehicle includes the fuel cell system described in embodiment three.

[0051] Example 5

[0052] An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory;

[0053] The memory is used to store computer instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer instructions stored in the memory to implement the fuel cell control method described in any one of the first embodiment and the second embodiment.

[0054] Example 6

[0055] A computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the fuel cell control method described in any one of the first and second embodiments of the claims.

[0056] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell control method, characterized in that: include S1: Set the fuel cell average single-cell voltage minimum threshold V3, the minimum single-cell voltage minimum threshold V4, the stack water content target value W2, and the stack target hydrogen pressure; S2: Read the current current I1 and target current I2 of the fuel cell; determine whether I1 reaches I2, if not, re-determine; if so, read the current water content W1 of the fuel cell stack; S3: Determine whether W1 is less than or equal to W2; if so, set the fuel cell drain valve to open for drainage; if not, force the drain valve to open for drainage of water from the hydrogen side; S4: Read the current average single-chip voltage V1 and the current minimum single-chip voltage V2 of the fuel cell, determine whether V1 is greater than V3, and determine whether V2 is greater than V4; If all are negative, open the exhaust valve and reset the target pressure on the hydrogen side to discharge the impurities on the hydrogen side; If both are yes, then the fuel cell exhaust valve is set to open to discharge the impurities on the hydrogen side. The hydrogen side target pressure is simultaneously reset to the stack target hydrogen pressure preset in S1 plus a preset value P2, where P2 is greater than or equal to 0.

2. The fuel cell control method according to claim 1, wherein: After S4 is executed, it is determined whether a shutdown command is received. If a shutdown command is received, the process goes to stop the fuel cell. If no shutdown command is received, the process goes back to S2 for loop.

3. The fuel cell control method according to claim 1, wherein: The S2 further includes: reading the current current I1 and the target current I2 of the fuel cell; judging whether I1 reaches I2, and if not, re-judging; if so, waiting for t1 time and then reading the current water content W1 of the fuel cell stack; The step S3 further includes: determining whether W1 is less than or equal to W2; if so, setting the fuel cell drain valve to open periodically for a time period t3 to drain water; if not, forcibly opening the drain valve for a time period t2 to discharge water from the hydrogen side; The step S4 further includes: reading the current average single-chip voltage V1 and the current minimum single-chip voltage V2 of the fuel cell, determining whether V1 is greater than V3, and determining whether V2 is greater than V4; if both are negative, forcibly opening the exhaust valve for a time t5, and resetting the target pressure on the hydrogen side to discharge the impurities on the hydrogen side; if both are positive, setting the exhaust valve of the fuel cell to open periodically at t4 to discharge the impurities on the hydrogen side; The t1, t2, t3, t4 and t5 are preset values.

4. The fuel cell control method according to claim 1, wherein: The fuel cell average single-chip voltage minimum threshold V3 and the minimum single-chip voltage minimum threshold V4 decrease as the fuel cell operation time increases.

5. A fuel cell, characterized in that: The fuel cell control system comprises a control system, wherein the control system implements the fuel cell control method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the fuel cell according to claim 5.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: including processor and memory; The memory is used to store computer instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer instructions stored in the memory to implement the fuel cell control method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the fuel cell control method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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