Method, device and system for determining crankshaft reference phase of reciprocating machine
By collecting vibration signals from the intake and exhaust valves on the reciprocating machine, calculating the phase deviation and iteratively updating the offset, the problem of obtaining the crankshaft reference phase without a key phase sensor is solved, achieving efficient and accurate fault diagnosis and improving the intelligence and convenience of the diagnostic equipment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511556905.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
AI Technical Summary
Without an online key phase sensor installed on the reciprocating machine, traditional portable diagnostic equipment cannot obtain accurate key phase signals, resulting in the inability to obtain the crankshaft reference phase. This makes it difficult to perform effective and accurate fault diagnosis, relying on experience-based judgment, which is inefficient.
By collecting vibration signals from the intake and exhaust valves of the reciprocating machine, the measured phases of the intake and exhaust valves are determined, the phase deviation is calculated and the offset is iteratively updated until the crankshaft reference phase is obtained. The phase deviation is then calculated using adjustment algorithms or mean values to achieve periodic segmentation and fault analysis of the vibration signals.
In the absence of a key phase sensor, accurate acquisition of the crankshaft reference phase is achieved, improving the convenience, accuracy, and intelligence of fault diagnosis, and breaking through the limitations of traditional equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN121384430A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the field of machinery, in particular to a method for determining the reference phase of the crankshaft of a reciprocating machine, a diagnosis method, device and system. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the field of reciprocating machine fault diagnosis, if the equipment is not equipped with an online monitoring system including a key phase sensor, the existing fault diagnosis means is very limited. The diagnosis personnel usually rely on the experience of the site, such as listening to the sound, touching the surface temperature of the equipment, etc. This method has low accuracy and low efficiency, and is heavily dependent on personal experience.
[0003] The fault diagnosis of the reciprocating machine needs to accurately synchronize and separate the vibration, pressure and other signals generated in each rotation period (or crankshaft angle) through the key phase signal, so as to carry out effective time domain or frequency domain analysis. However, the traditional portable diagnostic instrument usually cannot obtain or accurately synchronize the key phase signal, which leads to the fact that the potential fault of the reciprocating machine is difficult to be discovered and accurately located in time in the absence of an online monitoring system, thereby increasing the unplanned downtime, maintenance cost and safety risk. SUMMARY
[0004] Based on the above problems, the present application proposes a method for determining the reference phase of the crankshaft of a reciprocating machine, a diagnosis method, device and system. The present application aims to solve the problem in the prior art that, in the absence of an online key phase sensor for the reciprocating machine, the traditional portable diagnostic equipment cannot obtain an accurate key phase signal, i.e. cannot obtain the reference phase of the crankshaft, it is difficult to carry out waveform analysis without the reference phase of the crankshaft, and it is impossible to effectively and accurately diagnose the fault, which can only rely on experience and has low efficiency. By using the method for determining the reference phase of the crankshaft of the reciprocating machine proposed by the present application, the reference phase of the crankshaft of the reciprocating machine can still be obtained in the absence of a key phase sensor for the reciprocating machine, the present application has a pioneering significance, and at the same time improves the convenience, accuracy and intelligent level of on-site fault diagnosis.
[0005] The present application proposes a method for determining the reference phase of the crankshaft of a reciprocating machine, comprising: collecting vibration signals of multiple measuring points of the reciprocating machine, the measuring points at least including the intake valve and the exhaust valve of the reciprocating machine; taking the offset of the current period as the starting point, the intake valve waveform and the exhaust valve waveform corresponding to a complete crankshaft rotation period are intercepted from the vibration signals; determining the measured phase of the intake valve and the measured phase of the exhaust valve according to the intake valve waveform and the exhaust valve waveform, respectively; calculating the intake deviation between the measured phase of the intake valve and the preset phase of the intake valve, calculating the exhaust deviation between the measured phase of the exhaust valve and the preset phase of the exhaust valve, calculating the phase deviation according to the intake deviation and the exhaust deviation, and updating the offset according to the phase deviation. Taking the updated offset as a starting point, the above process is repeated until the phase deviation is less than the preset threshold, and the offset when the phase deviation is less than the preset threshold is taken as the crankshaft reference phase.
[0006] In addition, the determination of the intake valve measured phase and the exhaust valve measured phase according to the intake valve waveform and the exhaust valve waveform respectively comprises: The time points with the maximum impact energy values in the intake valve waveform and the exhaust valve waveform are extracted respectively as a first time point and a second time point, the intake valve measured phase is calculated according to the first time point, and the exhaust valve measured phase is calculated according to the second time point.
[0007] In addition, the determination of the intake valve measured phase according to the first time point and the determination of the exhaust valve measured phase according to the second time point comprise: The offset corresponding to the time of the current cycle is t_start, the first time point is t1_impact, the second time point is t2_impact, and the crankshaft rotation period is T; Then the intake valve measured phase is 1=((t1_impact-t_start) / T))x ; The exhaust valve measured phase is 2=((t2_impact-t_start) / T))x .
[0008] In addition, the calculation of the phase deviation according to the intake deviation and the exhaust deviation comprises: The mean value of the intake deviation and the exhaust deviation is taken as the phase deviation; Or the phase deviation is calculated according to the adjustment algorithm according to the intake deviation and the exhaust deviation.
[0009] The present application also proposes a method for diagnosing faults of a reciprocating machine by using the method for determining the crankshaft reference phase of the reciprocating machine according to any one of the above, comprising: Obtaining vibration signals of all measuring points; Taking the crankshaft reference phase as a synchronization reference, performing period segmentation on all vibration signals to obtain multiple synchronized period signal segments; Processing the multiple synchronized period signal segments to separate out impact signal components related to valve action; Determining the fault type after analyzing the impact signal components related to valve action.
[0010] In addition, the processing of the multiple synchronized period signal segments comprises: After performing corner domain synchronous average processing on the multiple synchronized period signal segments, performing filtering processing, envelope demodulation processing, time domain feature extraction and frequency domain feature extraction processing.
[0011] The application further provides a device for diagnosing faults of a reciprocating machine by using the method. The device comprises a handheld shell, a sensor interface for multi-channel signal synchronous acquisition, a data acquisition circuit, a processor and an interactive device. The sensor interface is connected with external detection sensors, and the detection sensors are at least installed at intake valves and exhaust valves of the reciprocating machine. The data acquisition circuit synchronously acquires vibration signals of multiple measuring points of the reciprocating machine and sends the vibration signals to the processor, and the measuring points at least include the intake valves and the exhaust valves. The interactive device is used for human-computer interaction. The data acquisition circuit acquires vibration signals of multiple measuring points of the reciprocating machine and sends the vibration signals to the processor, and the processor processes the vibration signals and sends processing results to the interactive device.
[0012] In addition, the sensor interface is further connected with one or more detection sensors arranged at a cylinder head, a cross head and a machine body of the external reciprocating machine.
[0013] In addition, after the sensor interface is connected with the detection sensor arranged at the cylinder head of the external reciprocating machine, whether a valve fault, a liquid strike fault or a cylinder up-stroke fault occurs is judged according to a vibration waveform received at the cylinder head. After the sensor interface is connected with the detection sensor arranged at the cross head or the machine body of the external reciprocating machine, whether a connecting rod looseness fault, a cylinder down-stroke fault or a crankshaft imbalance fault occurs is judged according to a vibration waveform at the cross head or the machine body.
[0014] The application further provides a portable reciprocating machine fault diagnosis system, which comprises the device and further comprises detection sensors installed on the reciprocating machine.
[0015] The application aims to solve the problem in the prior art that, in the case that the reciprocating machine is not installed with an online key phase sensor, a conventional portable diagnosis device cannot acquire accurate key phase signals, i.e., cannot acquire a crankshaft reference phase, it is difficult to perform waveform analysis without the crankshaft reference phase, and it is impossible to effectively and accurately diagnose faults, and only can rely on experience to judge and has low efficiency. By using the method for determining the crankshaft reference phase of the reciprocating machine, the crankshaft reference phase of the reciprocating machine can still be acquired in the case that the reciprocating machine is not installed with the key phase sensor, the application has a pioneering significance, and the convenience, accuracy and intelligent level of on-site fault diagnosis are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 A flowchart of the method for determining the crankshaft reference phase of the reciprocating machine is provided for an embodiment of the application. Figure 2A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the crankshaft reference phase of a reciprocating machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an apparatus provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a portable reciprocating machine fault diagnosis system provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. This description is intended only to illustrate specific embodiments of the invention and does not constitute any limitation on the invention. The scope of protection of the invention is defined by the claims.
[0018] Reference Figure 1 This invention proposes a method for determining the crankshaft reference phase of a reciprocating machine, comprising: Step S001: Collect vibration signals from multiple measuring points of the reciprocating machine, wherein the measuring points include at least the intake valve and exhaust valve of the reciprocating machine; Step S002: Starting from the offset of the current cycle, extract the intake valve waveform and exhaust valve waveform corresponding to a complete crankshaft rotation cycle from the vibration signal. Step S003: Determine the measured phase of the intake valve and the measured phase of the exhaust valve based on the waveforms of the intake valve and the exhaust valve, respectively. Step S004: Calculate the intake deviation between the measured phase of the intake valve and the preset intake valve phase, calculate the exhaust deviation between the measured phase of the exhaust valve and the preset exhaust valve phase, calculate the phase deviation based on the intake deviation and exhaust deviation, and update the offset based on the phase deviation. Step S005: Take the updated offset as the starting point and repeat the above process until the phase deviation is less than the preset threshold. Take the offset when the phase deviation is less than the preset threshold as the crankshaft reference phase.
[0019] Reference Figure 2 In step S001, vibration signals from multiple measuring points of the reciprocating compressor are collected. These measuring points include at least the inlet valve and exhaust valve of the reciprocating compressor. A reciprocating compressor is a type of reciprocating compressor. When diagnosing faults in a reciprocating compressor, it is necessary to judge based on the characteristics of the waveforms corresponding to each vibration signal. Therefore, collecting vibration signals from multiple measuring points is essential. The inlet valve and exhaust valve are two particularly important measuring points.
[0020] In step S002, starting from the offset of the current cycle, the intake valve waveform and exhaust valve waveform corresponding to a complete crankshaft rotation cycle are extracted from the vibration signal; the core of this invention is to find the accurate crankshaft reference phase by taking the offset of the current cycle as the starting point and then dynamically iterating and calibrating the offset.
[0021] In step S003, the intake valve measured phase and the exhaust valve measured phase are determined according to the intake valve waveform and the exhaust valve waveform, respectively; The time points with the maximum impact energy value in the intake valve waveform and the exhaust valve waveform are extracted, respectively, and are recorded as a first time point and a second time point. The intake valve measured phase is calculated according to the first time point, and the exhaust valve measured phase is calculated according to the second time point.
[0022] The waveform corresponding to the maximum impact energy value is the waveform with the maximum amplitude.
[0023] Optionally, the calculation of the intake valve measured phase according to the first time point and the calculation of the exhaust valve measured phase according to the second time point include: The time corresponding to the offset of the current cycle is t_start, the first time point is t1_impact, the second time point is t2_impact, and the crankshaft rotation cycle is T; The intake valve measured phase is 1=((t1_impact-t_start) / T))x ; The exhaust valve measured phase is 2=((t2_impact-t_start) / T))x .
[0024] The crankshaft rotation cycle is obtained according to the rotating speed of the reciprocating machine, and is specifically a value of 60s / rotating speed.
[0025] In step S004, the intake deviation between the intake valve measured phase and the preset intake valve phase is calculated, the exhaust deviation between the exhaust valve measured phase and the preset exhaust valve phase is calculated, the phase deviation is calculated according to the intake deviation and the exhaust deviation, and the offset is updated according to the phase deviation. Optionally, the mean value of the intake deviation and the exhaust deviation is used as the phase deviation; or the phase deviation is calculated according to the intake deviation and the exhaust deviation according to a compensation algorithm.
[0026] Thus, the first group of phase deviations is obtained, and the offset is updated according to the phase deviation.
[0027] In step S005, the above process is repeated with the updated offset as the starting point until the phase deviation is less than a preset threshold value. The offset when the phase deviation is less than the preset threshold value is taken as the crankshaft reference phase.
[0028] Optionally, the preset threshold value can be .
[0029] The measured value is close to the preset value through multiple iterations, so as to obtain the crankshaft reference phase. Other vibration signals can be analyzed according to the crankshaft reference phase.
[0030] The present application aims to solve the problem in the prior art that the conventional portable diagnostic equipment cannot obtain accurate key phase signals, i.e., cannot obtain the crankshaft reference phase, without the installation of a key phase sensor on the reciprocating machine, and it is difficult to perform waveform analysis without the crankshaft reference phase, and it is impossible to effectively and accurately diagnose faults, and it can only rely on experience and is inefficient. The method for determining the crankshaft reference phase of the reciprocating machine proposed in the present application can still obtain the crankshaft reference phase of the reciprocating machine without the installation of a key phase sensor on the reciprocating machine, and the present application has a pioneering significance, and at the same time improves the convenience, accuracy and intelligent level of on-site fault diagnosis.
[0031] In one embodiment, the determining of the intake valve measured phase and the exhaust valve measured phase according to the intake valve waveform and the exhaust valve waveform respectively comprises: extracting the time points with the maximum impact energy in the intake valve waveform and the exhaust valve waveform respectively as a first time point and a second time point, calculating the intake valve measured phase according to the first time point, and calculating the exhaust valve measured phase according to the second time point.
[0032] By calculating the phase according to the time point, the time amount is converted into the phase value, and a basis is provided for subsequent iteration.
[0033] In one embodiment, the calculating of the intake valve measured phase according to the first time point and the calculating of the exhaust valve measured phase according to the second time point comprise: the time corresponding to the offset amount of the current cycle is t_start, the first time point is t1_impact, the second time point is t2_impact, and the crankshaft rotation period is T; then the intake valve measured phase is 1=((t1_impact-t_start) / T))x ; the exhaust valve measured phase is 2=((t2_impact-t_start) / T))x .
[0034] By calculating the intake valve measured phase and the exhaust valve measured phase, and then comparing them with the preset values, the crankshaft reference phase is obtained through iteration.
[0035] Optionally, one embodiment provides a process of converting the time into the phase.
[0036] Suppose the speed of a reciprocating machine is 600 RPM (600 revolutions per minute). Then, its crankshaft rotation period is T=600 revolutions, 60 seconds=0.1 seconds=100 milliseconds.
[0037] This means that the crankshaft needs 100 milliseconds to make one revolution, which corresponds to 360 .
[0038] Assuming that through the above calculation process, two main energy peaks are detected: Peak 1 (intake valve): appears at 12 milliseconds after the beginning of the cycle.
[0039] Peak 2 (exhaust valve): appears at 85 milliseconds after the beginning of the cycle.
[0040] Then, we can convert these two time points into a "rough phase" angle: Intake valve rough phase: 12 milliseconds 100 milliseconds x 360 ≈ 43.2 degrees.
[0041] Exhaust valve rough phase: 85 milliseconds 100 milliseconds x 360 ≈ 306 degrees.
[0042] These two angles are the "rough phase of the valve". The instrument compares these angles calculated from the internal vibration signal with the preset "theoretical opening position" (such as 45° and 320°) to achieve more accurate synchronization.
[0043] In short, first use time to locate, and then use speed to convert time into an approximate angle. This approximate angle is the "rough phase".
[0044] In one embodiment, calculating the phase deviation according to the intake deviation and the exhaust deviation includes: using the mean of the intake deviation and the exhaust deviation as the phase deviation; or calculating the phase deviation according to the intake deviation and the exhaust deviation according to a compensation algorithm.
[0045] The compensation algorithm is a mathematical method in the fields of measurement, engineering, etc. to obtain the optimal estimation value of the measured parameter by processing observation data with errors. The core is to eliminate the contradictions between observation data and improve the accuracy of the results. Its core logic can be understood through a simple scenario: for example, the length of the same object is measured by three different methods, and three slightly different values are obtained (due to errors in instruments, environment, etc.). The compensation algorithm will combine the accuracy weight of each measurement method to calculate the "optimal value" closest to the true length, while evaluating the reliability of the result.
[0046] The present application also proposes a method for diagnosing faults of a reciprocating machine using the method for determining the reference phase of the crankshaft of the reciprocating machine according to any one of the above. obtaining vibration signals of all measurement points; The crankshaft reference phase is taken as a synchronous reference to periodically divide all the vibration signals to obtain multiple synchronous period signal segments; The multiple synchronous period signal segments are processed to separate out impact signal components related to the gas valve action; The fault type is determined after analyzing the impact signal components related to the gas valve action.
[0047] When the crankshaft reference phase of the reciprocating machine is obtained, all the vibration signals can be periodically divided based on the crankshaft reference phase, so that the waveform within the period can be analyzed, and the corresponding fault type can be found according to the characteristics in the waveform.
[0048] In one embodiment, the processing of the multiple synchronous period signal segments includes: After the multiple synchronous period signal segments are processed by the corner domain synchronous average processing, the filter processing, the envelope demodulation processing, the time domain feature extraction and the frequency domain feature extraction processing are performed.
[0049] The envelope demodulation processing: the envelope demodulation is performed on the filtered high-frequency signal, the originally fine oscillation high-frequency signal is converted into a smooth signal, and the impact peak value can be clearly seen. These peak values represent the opening and closing events of the gas valve.
[0050] These processes can effectively eliminate random noise irrelevant to the speed and highlight the periodic fault characteristics related to the crank angle. On this basis, the advanced analysis methods such as the corner domain waveform analysis, the waterfall chart analysis and the shaft center trajectory analysis (if there is a displacement sensor) can provide a unique fault view, such as the corner domain waveform distortion caused by the piston ring wear and the shaft center trajectory change caused by the piston rod movement, to provide reliable and high-quality data basis for subsequent fault feature extraction and diagnosis.
[0051] Reference Figure 3 and 4 The application further provides a device adopting the method for diagnosing the faults of the reciprocating machine, which comprises: a handheld shell, a sensor interface for multi-channel signal synchronous acquisition, a data acquisition circuit, a processor and an interactive device; The sensor interface is connected with external detection sensors, and the detection sensors are at least installed at the intake valve and the exhaust valve of the reciprocating machine; The data acquisition circuit synchronously acquires the vibration signals of multiple measuring points of the reciprocating machine to the processor, and the measuring points at least include the intake valve and the exhaust valve; The interactive device is used for human-computer interaction; The data acquisition circuit acquires the vibration signals of multiple measuring points of the reciprocating machine and sends the vibration signals to the processor, and the processor processes the vibration signals and sends the processing results to the interactive device.
[0052] The interactive device provides intuitive display and intelligent operation: the high-resolution liquid crystal touch screen on the instrument serves as a display operation module, and displays the collected original data waveform, processed signal graph (such as time domain waveform, frequency spectrum graph, envelope spectrum graph, and corner domain waveform), and key diagnostic parameters and preliminary diagnostic conclusions in real time and clearly. It provides an intuitive user interface, allowing the operator to perform parameter setting, historical data viewing, trend analysis, fault waveform comparison, and automatic generation of diagnostic reports.
[0053] In one of the embodiments, the sensor interface is also connected with one or more of the detection sensors arranged at the cylinder head, crosshead and machine body of the external reciprocating machine.
[0054] The vibration signals of the cylinder head and crosshead of the reciprocating machine can provide reliable basis for fault diagnosis.
[0055] In one of the embodiments, after the sensor interface is connected with the detection sensor arranged at the cylinder head of the external reciprocating machine, whether the gas valve fault, liquid strike fault or upper cylinder hitting fault occurs is judged according to the received vibration waveform at the cylinder head. After the sensor interface is connected with the detection sensor arranged at the crosshead or machine body of the external reciprocating machine, whether the connecting rod loosening fault, lower cylinder hitting fault or crankshaft imbalance fault occurs is judged according to the vibration waveform at the crosshead or machine body.
[0056] Whether the gas valve fault, liquid strike fault or upper cylinder hitting fault occurs is judged according to the received vibration waveform at the cylinder head, and whether the connecting rod loosening fault, lower cylinder hitting fault or crankshaft imbalance fault occurs is judged according to the vibration waveform at the crosshead or machine body.
[0057] Reference Figure 4 The application further provides a portable reciprocating machine fault diagnosis system, which comprises the device described above and further comprises detection sensors installed on the reciprocating machine.
[0058] The key technical point of the application is that the vibration signals of the intake and exhaust valve covers are ingeniously utilized, the intake valve and exhaust valve signals are accurately recognized and phase analyzed, the phase is positioned by using the local features of the signals at the valves, the accurate synchronization of the operation cycle of the reciprocating machine and the positioning of the key corner positions are realized without the traditional key phase sensor, and meanwhile, the highly integrated and portable design makes the equipment extremely convenient and efficient in field operation, and breaks through the fundamental limitation of the traditional portable diagnosis equipment in the aspect of reciprocating machine fault diagnosis.
[0059] The above only describes the principles and preferred embodiments of the application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, on the basis of the principles of the application, a number of other variations can also be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the application.
Claims
1. A method for determining the crankshaft reference phase of a reciprocating machine, characterized in that, include: Vibration signals from multiple measuring points of the reciprocating machine are collected, and the measuring points include at least the inlet valve and the exhaust valve of the reciprocating machine; Starting from the offset of the current cycle, extract the intake valve waveform and exhaust valve waveform corresponding to a complete crankshaft rotation cycle from the vibration signal; Determine the measured phase of the intake valve and the measured phase of the exhaust valve based on the waveforms of the intake valve and the exhaust valve, respectively. Calculate the intake deviation between the measured phase of the intake valve and the preset intake valve phase, calculate the exhaust deviation between the measured phase of the exhaust valve and the preset exhaust valve phase, calculate the phase deviation based on the intake deviation and exhaust deviation, and update the offset based on the phase deviation. Take the updated offset as the starting point and repeat the above process until the phase deviation is less than the preset threshold. Take the offset when the phase deviation is less than the preset threshold as the crankshaft reference phase.
2. The method for determining the crankshaft reference phase of a reciprocating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the measured phase of the intake valve and the measured phase of the exhaust valve based on the intake valve waveform and the exhaust valve waveform respectively includes: Extract the time points with the largest impact energy values from the waveforms of the intake valve and exhaust valve, respectively, and record them as the first time point and the second time point. Calculate the measured phase of the intake valve based on the first time point and the measured phase of the exhaust valve based on the second time point.
3. The method for determining the crankshaft reference phase of a reciprocating machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation of the measured phase of the intake valve based on the first time point and the calculation of the measured phase of the exhaust valve based on the second time point include: The offset of the current cycle corresponds to the time t_start, the first time point is t1_impact, the second time point is t2_impact, and the crankshaft rotation period is T; The measured phase of the intake valve 1=((t1_impact-t_start) / T))x ; Measured phase of exhaust valve 2=((t2_impact-t_start) / T))x .
4. The method for determining the crankshaft reference phase of a reciprocating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Phase deviation is calculated based on intake and exhaust deviations, including: The average of the intake deviation and the exhaust deviation is used as the phase deviation; Alternatively, the phase deviation can be calculated based on the intake and exhaust deviations using an adjustment algorithm.
5. A method for diagnosing reciprocating machine faults using the method for determining the crankshaft reference phase of a reciprocating machine as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: Acquire vibration signals from all measuring points; Using the crankshaft reference phase as the synchronization reference, all vibration signals are periodically divided to obtain multiple synchronized periodic signal segments; Multiple synchronous periodic signal segments are processed to separate the impact signal component related to the valve action; The fault type is determined by analyzing the impact signal components related to the valve action.
6. The method for diagnosing reciprocating machine faults according to claim 5, characterized in that, The processing of multiple synchronized periodic signal segments includes: After performing corner-domain synchronous averaging on multiple synchronized periodic signal segments, filtering, envelope demodulation, time-domain feature extraction, and frequency-domain feature extraction are then performed.
7. An apparatus for diagnosing reciprocating machine faults using the method described in claim 5, characterized in that, include: Handheld housing and sensor interface for multi-channel signal synchronous acquisition, data acquisition circuit, processor and interactive device; The sensor interface is connected to an external detection sensor, which is installed at least at the intake and exhaust valves of the reciprocating machine. The data acquisition circuit synchronously acquires vibration signals from multiple measuring points of the reciprocating machine and sends them to the processor. The measuring points include at least the intake valve and the exhaust valve. Interactive devices are used for human-computer interaction; The data acquisition circuit collects vibration signals from multiple measuring points of the reciprocating machine and sends them to the processor. The processor processes the vibration signals and sends the processing results to the interactive device.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sensor interface also connects to one or more of the detection sensors located on the cylinder head, crosshead, and body of the external reciprocating machine.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, After the sensor interface is connected to the detection sensor installed at the cylinder head of the external reciprocating machine, it can determine whether a valve failure, liquid hammer failure, or cylinder collision failure has occurred based on the vibration waveform received at the cylinder head. After the sensor interface is connected to the detection sensor installed on the crosshead or body of the external reciprocating machine, the vibration waveform at the crosshead or body is used to determine whether a connecting rod loosening fault, a cylinder impact fault, or a crankshaft imbalance fault has occurred.
10. A portable reciprocating machine fault diagnosis system, characterized in that, The device as described in claim 7 further includes a detection sensor installed on the reciprocating machine.
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