A single-station simultaneous transmitting and receiving slotted helical antenna based on coupled feeding

Abstract

The present invention discloses a single-station simultaneous transmitting and receiving slotted helical antenna based on coupled feeding, wherein the first spiral slotted slot and the third spiral slotted slot are used as transmitting antennas, and the second spiral slotted slot and the fourth spiral slotted slot are used as receiving antennas, and the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna share a common platform and a common aperture, thereby achieving a significant reduction in volume; on the other hand, the first circular arc metal microstrip feeder, the second circular arc metal microstrip feeder, the third circular arc metal microstrip feeder, and the fourth circular arc metal microstrip feeder are used to couple and feed the first rectangular coupling slot, the second rectangular coupling slot, the third rectangular coupling slot, and the fourth rectangular coupling slot at the center of the antenna, and the height thereof is about one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency less than that of the traditional balun feeding method, thereby achieving a low-profile design of the antenna, and having the advantages of wide bandwidth, low profile, and high isolation. The present invention is widely used in the field of antenna technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular to a single - station transmit - receive simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding. Background Art

[0002] A single - station transmit - receive simultaneous antenna refers to an antenna that can be used for both signal transmission and signal reception at the same time. In form, the transmit port of the antenna is connected to the transmit radio - frequency channel to form a transmitter, and the receive port of the antenna is connected to the receive radio - frequency channel to form a receiver. Using a transmit - receive simultaneous antenna can double the utilization rate of system time resources and spectrum resources, and can be applied in scenarios such as full - duplex communication, continuous - wave radar, and multi - functional integrated platforms. However, a transmit - receive simultaneous antenna needs to ensure sufficient isolation between the transmit end and the receive end, so that the transmit mode of the antenna and the receive mode of the antenna work independently without mutual influence. Compared with a multi - station transmit - receive simultaneous antenna, the volume of a single - station transmit - receive simultaneous antenna can be reduced by half, which is beneficial to the high - integration design of the system. However, the reduction in volume means that the coupling between transmission and reception is more intense, and the decoupling work is very difficult. A single - station transmit - receive simultaneous antenna usually uses an additional circulator or duplexer to improve the isolation between the transmit and receive ports. The isolation of the circulator and duplexer is often only 15 - 25 dB, and their working bandwidth is relatively narrow. Traditional antenna decoupling methods are mainly applicable to between antennas, including neutralization line method, decoupling circuit method, parasitic loading method, metamaterial structure and defect - ground method, mode - orthogonality method, and differential - mode - common - mode suppression method. Although these methods can improve the isolation between antennas in a certain frequency band, their working bandwidth is narrow, often less than 5% of the relative bandwidth, and the additional structures are bulky and difficult to be used on single - station transmit - receive antennas. At present, single - station transmit - receive simultaneous antennas face severe challenges such as narrow bandwidth, low isolation, and large antenna volume. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the technical problems of narrow bandwidth, low isolation, and large antenna volume existing in single - station transmit - receive simultaneous antennas, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a single - station transmit - receive simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding.

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention includes a single - station transmit - receive simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding, comprising:

[0005] A dielectric substrate; the dielectric substrate includes an upper surface and a lower surface that are opposite to each other;

[0006] The upper surface is covered with a metal layer; the metal layer is provided with a first spiral groove slit, a second spiral groove slit, a third spiral groove slit, a fourth spiral groove slit, a first rectangular coupling groove, a second rectangular coupling groove, a third rectangular coupling groove, and a fourth rectangular coupling groove; the spiral trajectories along which the first spiral groove slit, the second spiral groove slit, the third spiral groove slit, and the fourth spiral groove slit extend all extend towards the same central point; the first rectangular coupling groove extends along the central point starting from the innermost end of the first spiral groove slit, the second rectangular coupling groove extends along the central point starting from the innermost end of the second spiral groove slit, the third rectangular coupling groove extends along the central point starting from the innermost end of the third spiral groove slit, and the fourth rectangular coupling groove extends along the central point starting from the innermost end of the fourth spiral groove slit;

[0007] The lower surface is provided with a first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder, a second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder, a third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder, and a fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder; the arc-shaped trajectories along which the first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder, the second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder, the third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder, and the fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder extend are all located on the same circle, and the center of the circle coincides with the projection of the central point; the first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder is symmetric about the projection of the first rectangular coupling groove, the second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder is symmetric about the projection of the second rectangular coupling groove, the third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder is symmetric about the projection of the third rectangular coupling groove, and the fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder is symmetric about the projection of the fourth rectangular coupling groove.

[0008] Further, a first absorption resistor, a second absorption resistor, and a third absorption resistor are provided at the outermost end of the first spiral groove slit;

[0009] A fourth absorption resistor, a fifth absorption resistor, and a sixth absorption resistor are provided at the outermost end of the second spiral groove slit;

[0010] A seventh absorption resistor, an eighth absorption resistor, and a ninth absorption resistor are provided at the outermost end of the third spiral groove slit;

[0011] A tenth absorption resistor, an eleventh absorption resistor, and a twelfth absorption resistor are provided at the outermost end of the fourth spiral groove slit.

[0012] Further, among the connecting lines of the first absorption resistor, the second absorption resistor, and the third absorption resistor to the central point respectively, the included angle formed by any two connecting lines is less than 90°;

[0013] Among the connecting lines of the fourth absorption resistor, the fifth absorption resistor, and the sixth absorption resistor to the center point respectively, the included angle formed by any two connecting lines is less than 90°;

[0014] Among the connecting lines of the seventh absorption resistor, the eighth absorption resistor, and the ninth absorption resistor to the center point respectively, the included angle formed by any two connecting lines is less than 90°;

[0015] Among the connecting lines of the tenth absorption resistor, the eleventh absorption resistor, and the twelfth absorption resistor to the center point respectively, the included angle formed by any two connecting lines is less than 90°.

[0016] Further, the innermost radii of the first spiral groove slit, the second spiral groove slit, the third spiral groove slit, and the fourth spiral groove slit are all greater than the radius of the circle;

[0017] The first spiral groove slit, the second spiral groove slit, the third spiral groove slit, and the fourth spiral groove slit are rotationally symmetric about the center point;

[0018] The first rectangular coupling slot, the second rectangular coupling slot, the third rectangular coupling slot, and the fourth rectangular coupling slot are not connected to each other; the extending direction of the first rectangular coupling slot is perpendicular to that of the second rectangular coupling slot, the extending direction of the second rectangular coupling slot is perpendicular to that of the third rectangular coupling slot, the extending direction of the third rectangular coupling slot is perpendicular to that of the fourth rectangular coupling slot, and the extending direction of the fourth rectangular coupling slot is perpendicular to that of the first rectangular coupling slot.

[0019] Further, the first spiral groove slit and the third spiral groove slit are used as transmitting antennas, and the second spiral groove slit and the fourth spiral groove slit are used as receiving antennas.

[0020] Further, a first feeding probe is provided at the end of the first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder, a second feeding probe is provided at the end of the second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder, a third feeding probe is provided at the end of the third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder, and a fourth feeding probe is provided at the end of the fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder; the lengths of the first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder, the second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder, the third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder, and the fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder are all half a wavelength.

[0021] Further, the first feeding probe is located at one end of the first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder away from the innermost circle of the first spiral slot gap, the second feeding probe is located at one end of the second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder away from the innermost circle of the second spiral slot gap, the third feeding probe is located at one end of the third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder away from the innermost circle of the third spiral slot gap, and the fourth feeding probe is located at one end of the fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder away from the innermost circle of the fourth spiral slot gap.

[0022] Further, the single-station transceiver simultaneous slot-line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding further includes:

[0023] A feeding network; the feeding network includes a first 180° hybrid, a second 180° hybrid, a first 90° hybrid, and a second 90° hybrid;

[0024] The isolation port of the first 180° hybrid is used as the transmitting port, the input port of the first 180° hybrid is grounded, the sum port of the first 180° hybrid is connected to the first feeding probe, and the difference port of the first 180° hybrid is connected to the third feeding probe;

[0025] The isolation port of the second 180° hybrid is used as the receiving port, the input port of the second 180° hybrid is grounded, the sum port of the first 180° hybrid is connected to the isolation port of the first 90° hybrid, and the difference port of the first 180° hybrid is connected to the isolation port of the second 90° hybrid;

[0026] The -90° port of the first 90° hybrid is connected to the second feeding probe, and the 0° port and the input port of the first 90° hybrid are both grounded;

[0027] The -90° port of the second 90° hybrid is connected to the fourth feeding probe, and the 0° port and the input port of the second 90° hybrid are both grounded.

[0028] Further, the material of the dielectric substrate is Rogers Ro3003, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 0.813 mm, and the overall size of the single-station transceiver simultaneous slot-line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding is 0.275λ 0 ×0.275λ 0 ×0.004λ 0 ,λ 0 is the electromagnetic wave wavelength in free space corresponding to the lowest operating frequency, and the center point is located at the geometric center of the upper surface.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the embodiment, the single - station transceiver - simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding can use the first spiral slot gap and the third spiral slot gap as the transmitting antenna, and the second spiral slot gap and the fourth spiral slot gap as the receiving antenna. The transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna share the same platform and aperture, achieving a significant reduction in volume. On the other hand, the first rectangular coupling slot, the second rectangular coupling slot, the third rectangular coupling slot, and the fourth rectangular coupling slot are coupled and fed at the center position of the antenna by the first arc - shaped metal microstrip feeder, the second arc - shaped metal microstrip feeder, the third arc - shaped metal microstrip feeder, and the fourth arc - shaped metal microstrip feeder. Its height is about one - quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency smaller than that of the traditional balun feeding method, achieving a low - profile design of the antenna. In summary, the single - station transceiver - simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna in this embodiment has the advantages of wide bandwidth, low profile, and high isolation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 and Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the single - station transceiver - simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding in the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 3 FIG. is a structural diagram of the feeding network in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 4 FIG. is the reflection coefficient curve of the single - station transceiver - simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding;

[0033] Figure 5 FIG. is the gain curve of the single - station transceiver - simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding at the zenith;

[0034] Figure 6 FIG. is the radiation pattern of the transmitting antenna of the single - station transceiver - simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding at 3 GHz;

[0035] Figure 7 FIG. is the radiation pattern of the receiving antenna of the single - station transceiver - simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding at 3 GHz;

[0036] Figure 8 FIG. is the axial ratio curve of the single - station transceiver - simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding at the beam vertex;

[0037] Figure 9 FIG. is the scattering parameters of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna of the single - station transceiver - simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna with the loaded feeding network. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0038] In this embodiment, the structure of the single - station transceiver - simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding is as shown in Figure 1As shown, it includes a dielectric substrate 2, and the dielectric substrate 2 has opposite upper surface 1 and lower surface. In this embodiment, the material of the dielectric substrate 2 is Rogers Ro3003, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 2 is 0.813 mm, and the overall size of the single - station transceiver - simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding is 0.275λ 0 ×0.275λ 0 ×0.004λ 0 , specifically, the single - station transceiver - simultaneous slot - line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding can just be completely accommodated by a cuboid with a size of 0.275λ 0 ×0.275λ 0 ×0.004λ 0 where λ 0 is the electromagnetic wave wavelength in free space corresponding to the lowest operating frequency.

[0039] A metal layer covers the upper surface 1 of the dielectric substrate 2. Specifically, the material of the metal layer can be a highly conductive conductor such as gold, silver, copper, etc. First, a layer of metal layer can be paved on the upper surface 1 of the dielectric substrate 2, and then through etching and other methods, the first spiral slot gap 1 - 1, the second spiral slot gap 1 - 2, the third spiral slot gap 1 - 3, the fourth spiral slot gap 1 - 4, the first rectangular coupling slot 3 - 1, the second rectangular coupling slot 3 - 4, the third rectangular coupling slot 3 - 7, and the fourth rectangular coupling slot 3 - 10 are made on the metal layer. It can also be directly made on the upper surface 1 of the dielectric substrate 2 by 3D printing and other methods to make a metal layer with structures such as the first spiral slot gap 1 - 1 and the second spiral slot gap 1 - 2.

[0040] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the spiral trajectories along which the first spiral slot gap 1 - 1, the second spiral slot gap 1 - 2, the third spiral slot gap 1 - 3, and the fourth spiral slot gap 1 - 4 point to the same center point ( Figure 1 shown as point O in

[0041] ), but the first spiral slot gap 1 - 1, the second spiral slot gap 1 - 2, the third spiral slot gap 1 - 3, and the fourth spiral slot gap 1 - 4 do not have to reach the center point, but stop extending when a certain distance from the center point is reached, forming the innermost - loop ends of each spiral slot gap.

[0042] Specifically, the center point can be the geometric center of the upper surface 1 of the dielectric substrate 2. The shape of the spiral trajectory, that is, the shape of each spiral slot gap, can be an equiangular spiral or an Archimedean spiral. Figure 1 and Figure 2, the first rectangular coupling slot 3-1 extends along the center point starting from the innermost end of the first spiral slot gap 1-1, the second rectangular coupling slot 3-4 extends along the center point starting from the innermost end of the second spiral slot gap 1-2, the third rectangular coupling slot 3-7 extends along the center point starting from the innermost end of the third spiral slot gap 1-3, and the fourth rectangular coupling slot 3-10 extends along the center point starting from the innermost end of the fourth spiral slot gap 1-4.

[0043] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the extending direction of the first rectangular coupling slot 3-1 is perpendicular to that of the second rectangular coupling slot 3-4, the extending direction of the second rectangular coupling slot 3-4 is perpendicular to that of the third rectangular coupling slot 3-7, the extending direction of the third rectangular coupling slot 3-7 is perpendicular to that of the fourth rectangular coupling slot 3-10, and the extending direction of the fourth rectangular coupling slot 3-10 is perpendicular to that of the first rectangular coupling slot 3-1. This makes the slots composed of the first spiral slot gap 1-1 and the first rectangular coupling slot 3-1, the slots composed of the second spiral slot gap 1-2 and the second rectangular coupling slot 3-4, the slots composed of the third spiral slot gap 1-3 and the third rectangular coupling slot 3-7, and the slots composed of the fourth spiral slot gap 1-4 and the fourth rectangular coupling slot 3-10 rotationally symmetric to each other.

[0044] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2 is provided with a first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-2, a second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-5, a third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-8, and a fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-11. Since Figure 1 and Figure 2 are the views seen from the upper surface 1 side of the dielectric substrate 2, and each arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2, Figure 1 and Figure 2 are equivalent to the views of seeing each arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder through perspective, so each arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder is represented by a dotted line.

[0045] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the arc-shaped trajectories along which the first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-2, the second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-5, the third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-8, and the fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-11 are located are on the same circle, and the center of the circle coincides with the projection of the center point.

[0046] In this embodiment, the arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder intersects with the corresponding rectangular coupling slot axially, and the intersection position has an important influence on the performance of the antenna. Here is an example. After the first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-2 intersects with the first rectangular coupling slot 3-1, the length (from the intersection point to the end of the first arc-shaped microstrip feeder) is still about a quarter of the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, while the length of the first rectangular coupling slot 3-1 after intersection (from the intersection point to the geometric center of the antenna) is about the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the lowest operating frequency.

[0047] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-2 is symmetric about the projection of the first rectangular coupling slot 3-1, the second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-5 is symmetric about the projection of the second rectangular coupling slot 3-4, the third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-8 is symmetric about the projection of the third rectangular coupling slot 3-7, and the fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-11 is symmetric about the projection of the fourth rectangular coupling slot 3-10. Among them, the lengths of the first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-2, the second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-5, the third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-8, and the fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-11 are all half wavelengths. Therefore, in each arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder, the distance between each end point and the spatial intersection point of the arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder and the corresponding rectangular coupling slot is a quarter wavelength, where the wavelength refers to the signal wavelength fed into the single-station transceiver and slot-line spiral antenna.

[0048] Referring to Figure 2 , the innermost radii of the first spiral slot gap 1-1, the second spiral slot gap 1-2, the third spiral slot gap 1-3, and the fourth spiral slot gap 1-4 are all greater than the radii of the circles where the arc-shaped metal microstrip feeders are located, which can ensure that the four spiral slot gaps can be effectively coupled and fed by the arc-shaped metal microstrip feeders. The outer end of the first rectangular coupling slot 3-1 (a section far from the geometric center of the antenna) is connected to the inner end of the arm of the first spiral slot gap (a section close to the geometric center of the antenna). And the inner end of the first rectangular coupling slot 3-1 (a section close to the geometric center of the antenna) is placed vertically towards the geometric center of the antenna. The connection methods of the remaining second rectangular coupling slot 3-4, third rectangular coupling slot 3-7, and fourth rectangular coupling slot 3-10 with their corresponding spiral slot gap arms are the same, and the inner ends of the first rectangular coupling slot 3-1, second rectangular coupling slot 3-4, third rectangular coupling slot 3-7, and fourth rectangular coupling slot 3-10 are not connected at the geometric center position of the antenna, which can effectively feed the four spiral slot gaps.

[0049] In this embodiment, the first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-2 performs coupled feeding on the first rectangular coupling slot 3-1 and the first spiral slot gap 1-1, the second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-5 performs coupled feeding on the second rectangular coupling slot 3-4 and the second spiral slot gap 1-2, the third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-8 performs coupled feeding on the third rectangular coupling slot 3-7 and the third spiral slot gap 1-3, and the fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-11 performs coupled feeding on the fourth rectangular coupling slot 3-10 and the fourth spiral slot gap 1-4.

[0050] In this embodiment, the spiral slot gap arms such as the first spiral slot gap 1-1 satisfy the equiangular spiral equation, and the arms can be obtained by rotating around the axial direction. That is, the first spiral slot gap 1-1, the second spiral slot gap 1-2, the third spiral slot gap 1-3, and the fourth spiral slot gap 1-4 are rotationally symmetric about the center point. For example, after the first spiral slot gap 1-1 rotates 90° around the axis passing through the center point, it can coincide with the second spiral slot gap 1-2; after the second spiral slot gap 1-2 rotates 90° around the axis passing through the center point, it can coincide with the third spiral slot gap 1-3.

[0051] In this embodiment, the design of the outer radius and the inner radius of each spiral slot gap depends on the operating frequency of the antenna. For example, the ratio of the outer radius to the inner radius of the first spiral slot gap 1-1, the second spiral slot gap 1-2, the third spiral slot gap 1-3, and the fourth spiral slot gap 1-4 can be equal to or close to the octave of the antenna operation.

[0052] In this embodiment, a first feeding probe 3-3 is provided at the end of the first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-2, a second feeding probe 3-6 is provided at the end of the second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-5, a third feeding probe 3-9 is provided at the end of the third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-8, and a fourth feeding probe 3-12 is provided at the end of the fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-11. Specifically, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the first feeding probe 3-3 is located at one end of the first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-2 far from the innermost circle of the first spiral slot gap 1-1, the second feeding probe 3-6 is located at one end of the second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-5 far from the innermost circle of the second spiral slot gap 1-2, the third feeding probe 3-9 is located at one end of the third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-8 far from the innermost circle of the third spiral slot gap 1-3, and the fourth feeding probe 3-12 is located at one end of the fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-11 far from the innermost circle of the fourth spiral slot gap 1-4. In this way, the positions where the first feeding probe 3-3, the second feeding probe 3-6, the third feeding probe 3-9, and the fourth feeding probe 3-12 are located are rotationally symmetric with respect to the center point.

[0053] In this embodiment, any two helical slot gaps that differ by 180° can be selected from the four helical slot gaps as the transmitting antenna, and the other two helical slot gaps that differ by 180° can be used as the receiving antenna. For example, the first helical slot gap 1-1 and the third helical slot gap 1-3 can be selected as the transmitting antenna, and the second helical slot gap 1-2 and the fourth helical slot gap 1-4 can be used as the receiving antenna.

[0054] When the first helical slot gap 1-1 and the third helical slot gap 1-3 are selected as the transmitting antenna, and the second helical slot gap 1-2 and the fourth helical slot gap 1-4 are used as the receiving antenna, an SMA connector can be connected to the first feeding probe 3-3, and the electromagnetic wave can be conducted to the first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-2 through the SMA connector. Then, the electromagnetic wave is coupled to the first helical slot gap 1-1 through the first rectangular coupling slot 3-1 for radiation. At the same time, another SMA connector is connected to the third feeding probe 3-9, and the electromagnetic wave is conducted to the third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-8 through the SMA connector. Then, the electromagnetic wave is coupled to the third helical slot gap 1-3 through the third rectangular coupling slot 3-7 for radiation. Similarly, the signal received by the second helical slot gap 1-2 passes through the second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-5 and the second rectangular coupling slot 3-4, is coupled to the second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-5, and is output through the second feeding probe 3-6; the signal received by the fourth helical slot gap 1-4 passes through the fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-11 and the fourth rectangular coupling slot 3-10, is coupled to the fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-11, and is output through the fourth feeding probe 3-12.

[0055] The single-station transceiver simultaneous slot-line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding in this embodiment can use the first helical slot gap 1-1 and the third helical slot gap 1-3 as the transmitting antenna, and the second helical slot gap 1-2 and the fourth helical slot gap 1-4 as the receiving antenna. The transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna share the same platform and aperture, achieving a significant reduction in volume. On the other hand, the first arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-2, the second arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-5, the third arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-8, and the fourth arc-shaped metal microstrip feeder 3-11 are used to couple-feed the first rectangular coupling slot 3-1, the second rectangular coupling slot 3-4, the third rectangular coupling slot 3-7, and the fourth rectangular coupling slot 3-10 at the center of the antenna. Its height is approximately one-fourth of the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency smaller than that of the traditional balun feeding method, achieving a low-profile design of the antenna. In summary, the single-station transceiver simultaneous slot-line spiral antenna in this embodiment has the advantages of wide bandwidth, low profile, and high isolation.

[0056] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 1, at the outermost ends of the first spiral groove slit 1-1, there are a first absorption resistor 4-1, a second absorption resistor 5-1, and a third absorption resistor 6-1; at the outermost ends of the second spiral groove slit 1-2, there are a fourth absorption resistor 4-2, a fifth absorption resistor 5-2, and a sixth absorption resistor 6-2; at the outermost ends of the third spiral groove slit 1-3, there are a seventh absorption resistor 4-3, an eighth absorption resistor 5-3, and a ninth absorption resistor 6-3; at the outermost ends of the fourth spiral groove slit 1-4, there are a tenth absorption resistor 4-4, an eleventh absorption resistor 5-4, and a twelfth absorption resistor 6-4.

[0057] In this embodiment, among the lines connecting the first absorption resistor 4-1, the second absorption resistor 5-1, and the third absorption resistor 6-1 to the center point respectively, the included angle formed by any two of the lines is less than 90°. Specifically, draw a line from the center point to the position where the first absorption resistor 4-1 is located, draw a line from the center point to the position where the second absorption resistor 5-1 is located, and draw a line from the center point to the position where the third absorption resistor 6-1 is located. Then, the included angle formed by the line drawn to the first absorption resistor 4-1 and the line drawn to the second absorption resistor 5-1, the included angle formed by the line drawn to the second absorption resistor 5-1 and the line drawn to the third absorption resistor 6-1, and the included angle formed by the line drawn to the third absorption resistor 6-1 and the line drawn to the first absorption resistor 4-1 are all less than 90°.

[0058] Based on the same principle, among the lines connecting the fourth absorption resistor 4-2, the fifth absorption resistor 5-2, and the sixth absorption resistor 6-2 to the center point respectively, the included angle formed by any two of the lines is less than 90°; among the lines connecting the seventh absorption resistor 4-3, the eighth absorption resistor 5-3, and the ninth absorption resistor 6-3 to the center point respectively, the included angle formed by any two of the lines is less than 90°; among the lines connecting the tenth absorption resistor 4-4, the eleventh absorption resistor 5-4, and the twelfth absorption resistor 6-4 to the center point respectively, the included angle formed by any two of the lines is less than 90°.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first absorption resistor 4-1, the fourth absorption resistor 4-2, the seventh absorption resistor 4-3, and the tenth absorption resistor 4-4 are symmetric about the center point and can be obtained from each other by rotating 90° around the center point, and their resistance values are equal. Similarly, the second absorption resistor 5-1, the fifth absorption resistor 5-2, the eighth absorption resistor 5-3, and the eleventh absorption resistor 5-4 are symmetric about the antenna center and can be obtained from each other by rotating 90° around the center, and their resistance values are equal; the third absorption resistor 6-1, the sixth absorption resistor 6-2, the ninth absorption resistor 6-3, and the twelfth absorption resistor 6-4 are symmetric about the antenna center and can be obtained from each other by rotating 90° around the center, and their resistance values are equal.

[0060] In this embodiment, by arranging three absorption resistors at the tail of each spiral groove slit, the impedance matching of the antenna at low frequencies can be improved. Specifically, at the tail end of the first spiral groove slit 1-1, a first absorption resistor 4-1, a second absorption resistor 5-1, and a third absorption resistor 6-1 are designed. The arc length between any two adjacent absorption resistors can be freely adjusted, the included angle formed by the radii where any two absorption resistors are located is less than 90°, and the value of the absorption resistor can be freely adjusted to meet the impedance matching between the first spiral groove slit 1-1 and the port. Similarly, at the tail end of the second spiral groove slit 1-2, a fourth absorption resistor 4-2, a fifth absorption resistor 5-2, and a sixth absorption resistor 6-2 are designed. The arc length between any two adjacent absorption resistors can be freely adjusted, the included angle formed by the radii where any two absorption resistors are located is less than 90°, and the value of the absorption resistor can be freely adjusted; at the tail end of the third spiral groove slit 1-3, a seventh absorption resistor 4-3, an eighth absorption resistor 5-3, and a ninth absorption resistor 6-3 are designed. The arc length between any two adjacent absorption resistors can be freely adjusted, the included angle formed by the radii where any two absorption resistors are located is less than 90°, and the value of the absorption resistor can be freely adjusted; at the tail end of the fourth spiral groove slit 1-4, a tenth absorption resistor 4-4, an eleventh absorption resistor 5-4, and a twelfth absorption resistor 6-4 are designed. The arc length between any two adjacent absorption resistors can be freely adjusted, the included angle formed by the radii where any two absorption resistors are located is less than 90°, and the value of the absorption resistor can be freely adjusted.

[0061] By arranging three absorption resistors at the tail of each spiral groove slit, by appropriately setting the resistance values of the three absorption resistors and the arc length between two adjacent absorption resistors, the impedance characteristics of each spiral groove slit can be adjusted, thereby achieving impedance matching for electromagnetic wave transmission and reception.

[0062] Referring to Figure 2 , an outer conductor is also provided for each feeding probe. Among them, 3-13 is the outer conductor of the first feeding probe, 3-14 is the outer conductor of the second feeding probe, 3-15 is the outer conductor of the third feeding probe, and 3-16 is the outer conductor of the fourth feeding probe.

[0063] In this embodiment, the single-station transceiver simultaneous slot-line spiral antenna based on coupled feeding further includes a feeding network. Referring to Figure 3, the feeding network includes a first 180° hybrid, a second 180° hybrid, a first 90° hybrid, and a second 90° hybrid; the isolation port of the first 180° hybrid is used as the transmitting port, the input port of the first 180° hybrid is grounded through a 50Ω resistor R1, the sum port of the first 180° hybrid is connected to the first feeding probe 3-3, and the difference port of the first 180° hybrid is connected to the third feeding probe 3-9; the isolation port of the second 180° hybrid is used as the receiving port, the input port of the second 180° hybrid is grounded through a 50Ω resistor R2, the sum port of the first 180° hybrid is connected to the isolation port of the first 90° hybrid, and the difference port of the first 180° hybrid is connected to the isolation port of the second 90° hybrid; the -90° port of the first 90° hybrid is connected to the second feeding probe 3-6, the 0° port of the first 90° hybrid is grounded through a 50Ω resistor R6, and the input port of the first 90° hybrid is grounded through a 50Ω resistor R3; the -90° port of the second 90° hybrid is connected to the fourth feeding probe 3-12, the 0° port of the second 90° hybrid is grounded through a 50Ω resistor R7, and the input port of the second 90° hybrid is grounded through a 50Ω resistor R4.

[0064] Referring to Figure 3 , the feeding network is connected to the first feeding probe 3-3, the second feeding probe 3-6, the third feeding probe 3-9, and the fourth feeding probe 3-12, and cancels the coupling of the slotline spiral antenna itself between the transmitting port and the receiving port of the feeding network, so as to achieve a significant improvement in isolation in a wide frequency band range. Through the feeding network, 40dB isolation between the transmitting port and the receiving port can be achieved in the frequency range of 1.3 - 7GHz, while maintaining good far-field performance parameters.

[0065] Figures 4 - 9 It is the effect diagram of simulating the single-station transceiver simultaneous slotline spiral antenna based on coupled feeding in the embodiment. Among them, Figure 4 is the reflection coefficient curve of the single-station transceiver simultaneous slotline spiral antenna based on coupled feeding; Figure 5 is the gain curve of the single-station transceiver simultaneous slotline spiral antenna at the zenith; Figure 6 is the radiation pattern of the transmitting antenna of the single-station transceiver simultaneous slotline spiral antenna at 3GHz; Figure 7 is the radiation pattern of the receiving antenna of the single-station transceiver simultaneous slotline spiral antenna at 3GHz; Figure 8 is the axial ratio curve of the single-station transceiver simultaneous slotline spiral antenna at the beam vertex; Figure 9 is the scattering parameter of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna of the single-station transceiver simultaneous slotline spiral antenna loaded with the feeding network.

[0066] A computer program for implementing the control method of the pipe pile installation system in this embodiment can be written and stored in a computer device or a storage medium. When the computer program is read and run, it executes the control method of the pipe pile installation system in this embodiment, thereby achieving the same technical effects as the control method of the pipe pile installation system in the embodiment. Such a computer device or storage medium can be installed on a space base station or in a core network of the foundation, etc. By running such a computer device or storage medium, control instructions are sent to the space base station on the low-earth orbit satellite, so as to control the space base station on the low-earth orbit satellite to execute each step in the control method of the pipe pile installation system in this embodiment.

[0067] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a certain feature is referred to as "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it can be directly fixed or connected to the other feature, or indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. In addition, the up, down, left, right, etc. descriptions used in this disclosure are only relative to the mutual positional relationship of the components of this disclosure in the drawings. The singular forms "a", "the" and "said" used in this disclosure are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In addition, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this embodiment have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field of this application. The terms used in the description of this embodiment are only for describing specific embodiments, rather than for limiting the present invention. The term "and / or" used in this embodiment includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0068] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in this disclosure to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish elements of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, the first element may also be referred to as the second element, and similarly, the second element may also be referred to as the first element. The use of any and all examples or exemplary languages ("for example", "such as", etc.) provided in this embodiment is only intended to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, and unless otherwise required, will not impose a limitation on the scope of the present invention.

[0069] It should be recognized that embodiments of the present invention can be implemented or carried out by computer hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or by computer instructions stored in a non-transitory computer-readable memory. The methods can be implemented in a computer program using standard programming techniques - including a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium configured with the computer program, where the storage medium so configured causes the computer to operate in a specific and predefined manner - according to the methods and figures described in the specific embodiments. Each program can be implemented in a high-level procedural or object-oriented programming language to communicate with the computer system. However, if desired, the program can be implemented in assembly or machine language. In any case, the language can be a compiled or interpreted language. Additionally, for this purpose the program is capable of running on a programmed application-specific integrated circuit.

[0070] In addition, the operations of the processes described in this embodiment can be performed in any suitable order, unless this embodiment otherwise indicates or is otherwise clearly contradicted by the context. The processes described in this embodiment (or variations and / or combinations thereof) can be executed under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions, and can be implemented as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications) executed jointly on one or more processors, by hardware, or a combination thereof. The computer programs include a plurality of instructions executable by one or more processors.

[0071] Furthermore, the method can be implemented in any type of computing platform operably connected, including but not limited to personal computers, minicomputers, mainframes, workstations, network or distributed computing environments, standalone or integrated computer platforms, or communicating with charged particle tools or other imaging devices, etc. Aspects of the present invention can be implemented in machine-readable code stored on a non-transitory storage medium or device, whether removable or integrated into the computing platform, such as a hard disk, optical read and / or write storage medium, RAM, ROM, etc., such that it is readable by a programmable computer and, when the storage medium or device is read by the computer, can be used to configure and operate the computer to execute the processes described herein. Additionally, the machine-readable code, or portions thereof, can be transmitted via a wired or wireless network. When such media include instructions or programs that implement the above-described steps in conjunction with a microprocessor or other data processor, the invention described in this embodiment includes these and other different types of non-transitory computer-readable storage media. When programmed according to the methods and techniques of the present invention, the present invention also includes the computer itself.

[0072] A computer program can be applied to input data to perform the functions described in this embodiment, thereby converting the input data to generate output data stored in a non-volatile memory. The output information can also be applied to one or more output devices such as a display. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the converted data represents physical and tangible objects, including a specific visual depiction of the physical and tangible objects generated on the display.

[0073] As described above, this is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. As long as the same means are used to achieve the technical effects of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Within the scope of protection of the present invention, various different modifications and changes can be made to its technical solutions and / or implementation manners.

Claims

1. A single-station simultaneous transmitting and receiving slotted helical antenna based on coupled feeding, characterized in that: The single-station simultaneous transmitting and receiving slotted helical antenna based on coupled feeding comprises: A dielectric substrate; the dielectric substrate comprises an upper surface and a lower surface opposite to each other; The upper surface is covered with a metal layer; the metal layer is provided with a first spiral groove gap, a second spiral groove gap, a third spiral groove gap, a fourth spiral groove gap, a first rectangular coupling groove, a second rectangular coupling groove, a third rectangular coupling groove and a fourth rectangular coupling groove; the spiral tracks along which the first spiral groove gap, the second spiral groove gap, the third spiral groove gap and the fourth spiral groove gap respectively extend to the same center point; the first rectangular coupling groove starts from the innermost circle end of the first spiral groove gap and extends along the center point, the second rectangular coupling groove starts from the innermost circle end of the second spiral groove gap and extends along the center point, the third rectangular coupling groove starts from the innermost circle end of the third spiral groove gap and extends along the center point, and the fourth rectangular coupling groove starts from the innermost circle end of the fourth spiral groove gap and extends along the center point; The lower surface is provided with a first circular arc metal microstrip feeder, a second circular arc metal microstrip feeder, a third circular arc metal microstrip feeder and a fourth circular arc metal microstrip feeder; the circular arc tracks along which the first circular arc metal microstrip feeder, the second circular arc metal microstrip feeder, the third circular arc metal microstrip feeder and the fourth circular arc metal microstrip feeder are respectively located on the same circle, and the center of the circle coincides with the projection of the center point; the first circular arc metal microstrip feeder is symmetrical about the projection of the first rectangular coupling slot, the second circular arc metal microstrip feeder is symmetrical about the projection of the second rectangular coupling slot, the third circular arc metal microstrip feeder is symmetrical about the projection of the third rectangular coupling slot, and the fourth circular arc metal microstrip feeder is symmetrical about the projection of the fourth rectangular coupling slot.

2. A single-station simultaneous transmitting and receiving slotted helical antenna based on coupled feeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outermost end of the first spiral groove is provided with a first absorption resistor, a second absorption resistor and a third absorption resistor; The outermost end of the second spiral groove is provided with a fourth absorption resistor, a fifth absorption resistor and a sixth absorption resistor; The outermost end of the third spiral groove is provided with a seventh absorption resistor, an eighth absorption resistor and a ninth absorption resistor; The outermost end of the fourth spiral groove is provided with a tenth absorption resistor, an eleventh absorption resistor and a twelfth absorption resistor.

3. A single-station simultaneous transmitting and receiving slotted helical antenna based on coupled feeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle formed by any two of the lines connecting the first absorption resistor, the second absorption resistor and the third absorption resistor and the central point is less than 90°; The angle formed by any two of the lines connecting the fourth absorption resistor, the fifth absorption resistor and the sixth absorption resistor and the central point is less than 90°; The angle formed by any two of the lines connecting the seventh absorption resistor, the eighth absorption resistor and the ninth absorption resistor and the central point is less than 90°; Among the lines connecting the tenth absorption resistor, the eleventh absorption resistor and the twelfth absorption resistor and the central point, the angle formed by any two connecting lines is less than 90°.

4. The single-station simultaneous transmitting and receiving slotted helical antenna based on coupled feeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The innermost circles of the first spiral groove gap, the second spiral groove gap, the third spiral groove gap and the fourth spiral groove gap are all larger than the radius of the circle; The first spiral groove gap, the second spiral groove gap, the third spiral groove gap and the fourth spiral groove gap are rotationally symmetric about the center point; The first rectangular coupling slot, the second rectangular coupling slot, the third rectangular coupling slot and the fourth rectangular coupling slot are not connected to each other; the first rectangular coupling slot is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second rectangular coupling slot, the second rectangular coupling slot is perpendicular to the extension direction of the third rectangular coupling slot, the third rectangular coupling slot is perpendicular to the extension direction of the fourth rectangular coupling slot, and the fourth rectangular coupling slot is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first rectangular coupling slot.

5. The single-station simultaneous transmitting and receiving slotted helical antenna based on coupled feeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spiral slot and the third spiral slot are used as transmitting antennas, and the second spiral slot and the fourth spiral slot are used as receiving antennas.

6. The single-station simultaneous transmitting and receiving slotted helical antenna based on coupled feeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first feeding probe is provided at the end of the first circular arc metal microstrip feeder, a second feeding probe is provided at the end of the second circular arc metal microstrip feeder, a third feeding probe is provided at the end of the third circular arc metal microstrip feeder, and a fourth feeding probe is provided at the end of the fourth circular arc metal microstrip feeder; the lengths of the first circular arc metal microstrip feeder, the second circular arc metal microstrip feeder, the third circular arc metal microstrip feeder and the fourth circular arc metal microstrip feeder are all half a wavelength.

7. A single-station simultaneous transmitting and receiving slotted helical antenna based on coupled feeding according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first feeding probe is located at one end of the first circular arc metal microstrip feed line away from the innermost circle of the first spiral slot, the second feeding probe is located at one end of the second circular arc metal microstrip feed line away from the innermost circle of the second spiral slot, the third feeding probe is located at one end of the third circular arc metal microstrip feed line away from the innermost circle of the third spiral slot, and the fourth feeding probe is located at one end of the fourth circular arc metal microstrip feed line away from the innermost circle of the fourth spiral slot.

8. A single-station simultaneous transmitting and receiving slotted helical antenna based on coupled feeding according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The single-station simultaneous transmitting and receiving slotted helical antenna based on coupled feeding also includes: A feeding network; the feeding network comprises a first 180° mixer, a second 180° mixer, a first 90° mixer and a second 90° mixer; The isolation port of the first 180° hybrid is used as a transmitting port, the input port of the first 180° hybrid is grounded, the sum port of the first 180° hybrid is connected to the first feeding probe, and the difference port of the first 180° hybrid is connected to the third feeding probe; The isolated port of the second 180° hybrid is used as a receiving port, the input port of the second 180° hybrid is grounded, the sum port of the first 180° hybrid is connected to the isolated port of the first 90° hybrid, and the difference port of the first 180° hybrid is connected to the isolated port of the second 90° hybrid; The -90° port of the first 90° hybrid is connected to the second feeding probe, and the 0° port and the input port of the first 90° hybrid are both grounded; The -90° port of the second 90° hybrid is connected to the fourth feeding probe, and the 0° port and the input port of the second 90° hybrid are both grounded.

9. A single-station simultaneous transmitting and receiving slotted helical antenna based on coupled feeding according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The material of the dielectric substrate is Rogers Ro3003, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 0.813 mm, the overall size of the single-station transmitting and receiving simultaneous slotted helical antenna based on coupled feeding is 0.275λ0×0.275λ0×0.004λ0, λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in free space corresponding to the lowest operating frequency, and the center point is located at the geometric center of the upper surface.

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