A TBM-based rapid support device and operating method for reinforced mesh

Abstract

This application relates to the field of tunnel construction support technology, and provides a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) rapid support device for reinforced mesh, including a main beam frame and a supporting steel mesh disposed on the outside of the main beam frame. The main beam frame includes two traveling mechanisms and multiple supporting frames. Each supporting frame includes a first vertical beam, a first arc beam, a second arc beam, and a second vertical beam that are sequentially slidably connected. The two traveling mechanisms are respectively installed at the bottom of the first vertical beam and the bottom of the second vertical beam, and a common driving mechanism is provided between the two traveling mechanisms. Each traveling mechanism is equipped with a winding mechanism, and the two sides of the supporting steel mesh are respectively connected to the two winding mechanisms. The winding mechanisms normally keep the supporting steel mesh pressed against the outer wall of the supporting frame. Based on this, the device can achieve rapid support of tunnel rock walls, so as to deal with situations where emergency support of the rock walls is required. In addition, this application also provides a method for rapid TBM support for reinforced mesh.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel construction support technology, and in particular to a TBM steel mesh rapid support operation device and operation method. Background Technology

[0002] A TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) is a construction equipment used for tunnel excavation, offering advantages such as high excavation speed, environmental friendliness, and high overall efficiency. After TBM excavation, timely and effective tunnel support is usually required to prevent tunnel collapse. Currently, the main tunnel support method is steel arch support. However, in some emergency situations, the support effect of steel arches alone is insufficient to provide stable support for the tunnel, necessitating the use of steel mesh for auxiliary support.

[0003] The current related technology discloses a steel mesh support device, which includes multiple steel mesh units. The steel mesh units are welded together from main bars, reinforcing bars and connecting angle steel. Adjacent steel mesh units are connected to each other by high-strength bolts, thereby forming an arched steel mesh support device and providing good support for the tunnel rock wall.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technical solutions, the inventors believe that the following defects exist:

[0005] The installation of this steel mesh support device mainly relies on a large amount of manual labor, resulting in low installation efficiency. In case of emergency, it is difficult to quickly support the tunnel rock wall, which can easily cause damage or collapse of the tunnel rock wall, affecting the construction progress and work safety. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to enable rapid support of tunnel rock walls, this application provides a TBM steel mesh rapid support device and operation method.

[0007] Firstly, the TBM rebar mesh rapid support device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A TBM (Toyota Machine Tool) rapid support device for steel mesh includes a main beam frame and a supporting steel mesh disposed on the outside of the main beam frame. The main beam frame includes two traveling mechanisms and multiple supporting frames installed between the two traveling mechanisms. Each of the supporting frames is arched.

[0009] Each of the aforementioned support frames includes a first vertical beam, a second vertical beam, a first arc-shaped beam, and a second arc-shaped beam. The first arc-shaped beam and the second arc-shaped beam are slidably connected in the horizontal direction. When the first arc-shaped beam moves to a position away from the second arc-shaped beam, the first arc-shaped beam and the second arc-shaped beam together form an arch shape. The first vertical beam is slidably installed in the vertical direction at the end of the first arc-shaped beam away from the second arc-shaped beam, and the second vertical beam is slidably installed in the vertical direction at the end of the second arc-shaped beam away from the first arc-shaped beam.

[0010] One set of the traveling mechanisms is fixed to the end of all the first vertical beams away from the first arc beam, and another set of the traveling mechanisms is fixed to the end of all the second vertical beams away from the second arc beam; a driving mechanism is provided between the two traveling mechanisms, which is used to drive the first vertical beams and the second vertical beams to move closer to each other / away from each other, and to drive the first arc beams and the second arc beams to move vertically;

[0011] Each of the aforementioned walking mechanisms is equipped with a winding mechanism, and the two sides of the supporting steel mesh are respectively connected to two winding mechanisms; the winding mechanism normally winds up the supporting steel mesh and presses the supporting steel mesh against the outer wall of the supporting frame.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the support frame of the working device of this application should be in a retracted state before use, that is, the first arc beam moves to a position close to the second arc beam, the first arc beam moves to the bottom of the first vertical beam, and the second arc beam moves to the bottom of the second vertical beam. After the TBM tunnel boring machine excavates the tunnel, the construction personnel can easily push the working device to move through the walking mechanism at the bottom of the working device; when the working device moves to the designated support location, the control drive mechanism can drive the first and second vertical beams to move away from each other, and at the same time drive the first and second arc beams to move upward. Finally, the support frame can open the support steel mesh and press against the rock wall inside the tunnel, thereby providing good support for the tunnel rock wall; the whole operation process is convenient and fast, greatly improving the convenience and safety of construction, so as to deal with the situation where the rock wall needs emergency support, while reducing the labor intensity of the construction personnel.

[0013] Optionally, the drive mechanism includes a base, a first screw, a moving block, a hinge rod, and a rotary motor. The base is disposed between the two sets of walking mechanisms, and each walking mechanism is connected to the base with a telescopic component for limiting the rotation of the base.

[0014] The first screw is rotatably connected to the base, and the moving block is threadedly connected to the base; there are two hinge rods, each hinged to one of the two sets of walking mechanisms, and the end of each hinge rod away from the walking mechanism is hinged to the moving block; the rotary motor is fixed to the upper surface of the base, and the rotary motor and the first screw are connected by a gear pair.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the construction personnel can control the rotary motor to drive the first screw connected to the rotary motor to rotate, thereby pushing the moving block to move downward along the axis of the first screw. The movement of the moving block can push the two hinged rods to unfold outward, thus smoothly driving the first vertical beam and the second vertical beam to move away from each other. At this time, the telescopic component gradually unfolds and extends. The setting of the telescopic component can reduce the possibility of the base rotating around the rotational connection between itself and the first screw, so that the movement of the first vertical beam and the second vertical beam away from each other can proceed smoothly.

[0016] Optionally, the first arc-shaped beam is provided with a first arc-shaped groove, the shape of which is adapted to the shape of the first arc-shaped beam; the second arc-shaped beam is provided with a second arc-shaped groove, the shape of which is adapted to the shape of the second arc-shaped beam; a connecting column is inserted between the first arc-shaped groove and the second arc-shaped groove, and a lifting support is provided below the connecting column, with both ends of the connecting column respectively connected to the lifting support;

[0017] The drive mechanism further includes a second screw, which is coaxially connected to the end of the first screw away from the base, and the threads of the second screw and the first screw are reversed; the end of the second screw away from the first screw passes through the lifting support and is threadedly connected to the lifting support.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting column of this application is inserted between the first arc-shaped groove and the second arc-shaped groove, which can connect the first arc-shaped beam and the second arc-shaped beam, and realize the sliding setting between the first arc-shaped beam and the second arc-shaped beam. The lifting support is threadedly connected to the second screw and can move up and down along the axis of the second screw. When the construction personnel control the rotary motor to move and push the moving block downward, the second screw, which rotates in the opposite direction to the first screw, can drive the lifting support to move upward, thereby smoothly pushing the first arc-shaped beam to move away from the first vertical beam, and pushing the second arc-shaped beam to move away from the second vertical beam. The entire construction process is simple to operate, greatly improving the convenience of supporting steel mesh support construction.

[0019] Optionally, the telescopic assembly includes a plurality of sleeves that are sequentially fitted together, wherein the inner diameter of each sleeve gradually increases from the inside to the outside; each sleeve has a stop on its inner wall and a limiting ring on its outer wall, wherein the stop and the limiting ring are located at the two ends of the sleeve axis, and the limiting ring of each sleeve abuts against the stop of the adjacent outer sleeve.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the cooperation between the limiting ring of each sleeve and the baffle of the adjacent outer sleeve can reduce the possibility of separation between two adjacent sleeves; after multiple sleeves are connected in sequence, the length of the telescopic component after unfolding can be greatly increased, which facilitates the smooth movement of the first vertical beam / second vertical beam away from the base and reduces the occurrence of interference.

[0021] Optionally, the traveling mechanism includes a movable seat fixed to an adjacent first vertical beam / adjacent second vertical beam and a first pulley rotatably mounted on the bottom of the movable seat, the axis of rotation of the first pulley being perpendicular to the tunnel excavation direction; a movable plate is movably fitted at the bottom of the movable seat, and a second pulley is rotatably mounted on the bottom wall of the movable plate, the axis of rotation of the second pulley being in the same direction as the tunnel excavation direction; when the rotary motor drives the first vertical beam and the second vertical beam to move away from each other, the hinge rod forces the movable plate to move downward and presses the second pulley against the ground, at which time the first pulley is in a suspended state.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the first pulley allows construction personnel to push the working device along the tunnel excavation direction, improving the convenience of transporting the working device. When the working device moves to the designated support location, the rotary motor drives the first and second vertical beams away from each other, forcing the movable plate to move downwards, thereby lifting the first pulley off the ground. At this time, the second pulley replaces the first pulley and rests against the ground, allowing the first and second vertical beams to move more easily in opposite directions, thus restricting the movement of the working device along the tunnel excavation direction and improving the installation stability of the working device.

[0023] Optionally, a pin is vertically fixed on the upper surface of the movable plate, and the pin is movably inserted through the movable seat; a force-bearing rod is mounted on the top of the movable plate, and a clearance groove is provided on the side of the movable seat facing the adjacent movable seat, with the force-bearing rod located in the clearance groove; the end of the hinge rod away from the movable block is hinged to the inner wall of the clearance groove.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the insert column is inserted into the movable seat and can move relative to the movable seat, which can play a guiding role, so that the movable plate can move up and down in the vertical direction; when the rotary motor drives the movable block to move downward, the hinge rod can gradually abut against the force rod and push the force rod and the entire movable plate to move downward, so that the second pulley under the movable plate abuts against the ground and supports the first pulley, thereby quickly completing the positioning and installation of the working device, and further improving the convenience of supporting steel mesh construction and installation.

[0025] Optionally, the winding mechanism includes two mounting plates mounted on the upper surface of the movable seat and a winding roller rotatably mounted between the two mounting plates. One edge of the supporting steel mesh is fixed to the winding roller. Coil springs are provided at both ends of the winding roller, and the coil springs normally cause the winding roller to wind around the supporting steel mesh.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the coil spring can normally coil up the supporting steel mesh and keep it against the outer wall of the supporting frame. When the drive mechanism drives the first and second vertical beams away from each other and drives the first and second arc-shaped beams to move upward, the supporting frame can push the supporting steel mesh outward, so that the supporting steel mesh can smoothly abut against the tunnel rock wall and play a supporting role. At this time, the coil spring is in a relaxed state. After the construction is completed, the supporting frame is reset, and the supporting steel mesh can be re-coiled under the action of the coil spring, which is conducive to the reuse of the working device.

[0027] Optionally, the take-up roller is disposed on the side of the adjacent first vertical beam / second vertical beam away from the supporting steel mesh; the movable seat is provided with a through groove on the side away from the adjacent movable seat, the through groove being connected to the top surface of the movable seat and disposed towards the take-up roller.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, this application sets the take-up roller on the side of the adjacent first vertical beam / second vertical beam away from the supporting steel mesh, and the supporting steel mesh passes through the through groove and is connected to the take-up roller, which enables the support frame to better and more tightly abut the supporting steel mesh against the tunnel rock wall, thereby improving the support effect of the working device.

[0029] Optionally, the first vertical beam is provided with a first sliding groove, the extension direction of the first sliding groove is set in the same direction as the vertical direction; a high-strength bolt is provided inside the first sliding groove, the bolt body of the high-strength bolt passes through the first sliding groove and is connected to the first arc-shaped beam, and the head of the high-strength bolt abuts against the first vertical beam.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the bolt body of the high-strength bolt can move within the first groove after being inserted into it, thereby enabling the first arc-shaped beam to move vertically relative to the first vertical beam; the head of the high-strength bolt abuts against the first vertical beam, which can play a limiting role and reduce the occurrence of the first vertical beam and the first arc-shaped beam moving away from each other in the horizontal direction.

[0031] Secondly, the TBM-based rapid support method for steel mesh provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0032] A rapid TBM-supported steel mesh construction method includes the following steps:

[0033] Step S1: Use a TBM tunnel boring machine to excavate the tunnel;

[0034] Step S2: When tunnel support is required, determine the support location and move the working device to the designated support location.

[0035] Step S3: Control the drive mechanism to move the first vertical beam and the second vertical beam away from each other, while the first arc beam and the second arc beam move upward in the vertical direction, so that the support frame expands outward as a whole, and the support frame presses the support steel mesh against the tunnel rock wall.

[0036] Step S4: Provide auxiliary support for the first vertical beam, the second vertical beam, the first curved beam, and the second curved beam to improve the stability of the support.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, after tunnel excavation, the working device can be moved to the designated support location, and the drive mechanism can be controlled to expand the support frame outward as a whole. This allows for rapid completion of tunnel wall support operations, improving the convenience and safety of construction work and enabling emergency support for tunnel walls. Furthermore, after the support frame presses the support mesh against the tunnel wall, it provides auxiliary support to the various components of the support frame, further enhancing the safety of the working device's support and reducing potential safety hazards.

[0038] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0039] 1. When the working device of this application is in use, the walking mechanism can easily push the working device to the designated location, and then control the drive mechanism to expand the support frame outward. Finally, the support frame can open the support steel mesh and press the support steel mesh against the rock wall inside the tunnel. It has the advantages of convenient operation and fast construction, and can easily deal with the situation where the rock wall needs emergency support.

[0040] 2. By reversing the rotation directions of the first screw and the second screw, when the rotary motor moves, it drives the moving block on the first screw to move downward, which in turn drives the lifting support to move upward. This smoothly pushes the first arc beam to move away from the first vertical beam and the second arc beam to move away from the second vertical beam, greatly improving the convenience of supporting steel mesh construction.

[0041] 3. By setting a movable plate that can move up and down vertically, when the rotary motor drives the moving block to move downward, the hinge rod can gradually abut against the force rod and push the force rod and the entire movable plate downward, so that the second pulley under the movable plate abuts against the ground and supports the first pulley, thereby quickly completing the positioning and installation of the working device. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the support frame after expansion in Embodiment 1.

[0043] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of a single support frame in Embodiment 1;

[0045] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0046] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the CC direction;

[0047] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The enlarged view at point D mainly shows the internal structure of the telescopic component.

[0048] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Supporting steel mesh; 2. Supporting frame; 21. First vertical beam; 211. First chute; 212. First steel plate; 213. First welded column; 22. Second vertical beam; 221. Second steel plate; 222. Second welded column; 23. First arc-shaped beam; 231. First arc-shaped groove; 232. First arc-shaped plate; 24. Second arc-shaped beam; 241. Second arc-shaped groove; 242. Second arc-shaped plate; 25. High-strength bolt; 26. Lifting support; 261. Extension plate; 262. Connecting column; 263. Reinforcing column rib;

[0049] 3. Walking mechanism; 31. Moving seat; 311. Clearance groove; 312. Through groove; 313. Movable groove; 32. First pulley; 33. Movable plate; 331. Inserted column; 332. Force-bearing rod; 34. Second pulley; 4. Drive mechanism; 41. Base; 42. First screw; 421. Second gear; 43. Moving block; 44. Hinge rod; 45. Rotary motor; 451. First gear; 46. Second screw; 5. Winding mechanism; 51. Mounting plate; 52. Winding roller; 53. Coil spring; 6. Telescopic assembly; 61. Sleeve; 62. Stop; 63. Limiting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] This application discloses a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) rapid support device for steel mesh.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 A TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) rapid support device for steel mesh includes a main beam frame and a supporting steel mesh 1 disposed on the outside of the main beam frame. The main beam frame includes two traveling mechanisms 3 and multiple supporting frames 2, with the two traveling mechanisms 3 spaced apart. Each supporting frame 2 is installed between two traveling mechanisms 3. Each traveling mechanism 3 is equipped with a winding mechanism 5. The two sides of the supporting steel mesh 1 are respectively connected to two winding mechanisms 5. The winding mechanisms 5 normally wind up the supporting steel mesh 1 and press it against the outer walls of all supporting frames 2.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 Each traveling mechanism 3 includes a movable seat 31 and a first pulley 32 rotatably mounted on the bottom of the movable seat 31. The extension direction of the movable seat 31 is set in the same direction as the tunnel excavation direction. There are multiple first pulleys 32, and all first pulleys 32 are arranged at equal intervals along the extension direction of the movable seat 31. The axis of rotation of each first pulley 32 is set perpendicular to the tunnel excavation direction. Construction personnel can easily move the working device to the designated position by pushing the first pulley 32.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment, the specific number of support frames 2 is three sets, and the three sets of support frames 2 are arranged at equal intervals along the extension direction of the movable seat 31; while in other embodiments, the number of support frames 2 can be four, five or six sets, as long as the support frames 2 can be installed on two movable seats 31 and play the role of stabilizing the support steel mesh 1.

[0056] Reference Figure 3 Each support frame 2 includes a first vertical beam 21, a second vertical beam 22, a first arc beam 23, and a second arc beam 24. The first vertical beam 21 is vertically connected to the upper surface of the moving seat 31 of one set of traveling mechanisms 3, and the second vertical beam 22 is vertically connected to the upper surface of the moving seat 31 of another set of traveling mechanisms 3. The first arc beam 23 is slidably installed at the top of the first vertical beam 21 in the vertical direction, and the second arc beam 24 is slidably installed at the top of the second vertical beam 22 in the vertical direction. The first arc beam 23 and the second arc beam 24 are slidably connected in the horizontal direction. When the first arc beam 23 moves to a position away from the second arc beam 24, the first arc beam 23 and the second arc beam 24 together form an arch shape that is adapted to the tunnel ceiling.

[0057] Reference Figure 3 The first vertical beam 21 includes two spaced-apart first steel plates 212 and a first welded column 213 welded between the two first steel plates 212. The second vertical beam 22 includes two spaced-apart second steel plates 221 and a second welded column 222 welded between the two second steel plates 221. The minimum spacing between the two first steel plates 212 is equal to the maximum spacing between the two second steel plates 221. The first arc-shaped beam 23 includes two spaced-apart first arc-shaped plates 232. The maximum spacing between the two first arc-shaped plates 232 is equal to the minimum spacing between the two first steel plates 212. The second arc-shaped plate 242 includes two spaced-apart second arc-shaped plates 242. The maximum spacing between the two second arc-shaped plates 242 is equal to the maximum spacing between the two first arc-shaped plates 232. Based on the above design, the first arc-shaped beam 23 and the second arc-shaped beam 24, the first arc-shaped beam 23 and the first vertical beam 21, and the second arc-shaped beam 24 and the second vertical beam 22 can slide smoothly.

[0058] Reference Figure 3 The first vertical beam 21 has a first groove 211 located at its top, with its extension direction aligned with that of the first vertical beam 21. A high-strength bolt 25 is installed inside the groove 211, its body passing through and connecting to the first arc-shaped beam 23, thus fixing the connection between the first vertical beam 21 and the first arc-shaped beam 23. Movement of the high-strength bolt 25 within the groove 211 allows the first arc-shaped beam 23 to move vertically relative to the first vertical beam 21. The head of the high-strength bolt 25 abuts against the side wall of the first vertical beam 21 away from the first arc-shaped beam 23. Furthermore, the sliding mechanism of the second arc-shaped beam 24 and the second vertical beam 22 in this specification is similar to that of the first arc-shaped beam 23 and the first vertical beam 21, and will not be repeated here.

[0059] Reference Figure 3 The first arc-shaped beam 23 has a first arc-shaped groove 231, the shape of which matches the shape of the first arc-shaped beam 23, and the center of the first arc-shaped groove 231 coincides with the center of the first arc-shaped beam 23. The second arc-shaped beam 24 has a second arc-shaped groove 241, the shape of which matches the shape of the second arc-shaped beam 24, and the center of the second arc-shaped groove 241 coincides with the center of the second arc-shaped beam 24.

[0060] Reference Figure 4Below the first arc-shaped beam 23 and the second arc-shaped beam 24, there is a lifting support 26. The upper surface of the lifting support 26 is integrally formed with two extension plates 261. The extension plates 261 are long and narrow, and the sides of the extension plates 261 are also provided with reinforcing ribs 263. A connecting column 262 is installed between the two extension plates 261. The connecting column 262 is located at the top of the extension plates 261 and is inserted between the first arc-shaped groove 231 and the second arc-shaped groove 241 to connect the first arc-shaped beam 23 and the second arc-shaped beam 24. The two extension plates 261 abut against the opposite sides of the two second arc-shaped plates 242 to restrict the rotation of the lifting support 26.

[0061] Reference Figure 3 A drive mechanism 4 is provided between the two movable seats 31. The number of drive mechanisms 4 is equal to the number of support frames 2. Each drive mechanism 4 is used to drive the first vertical beam 21 and the second vertical beam 22 to move closer to each other / away from each other, and can also drive the first arc beam 23 and the second arc beam 24 to move vertically. Each drive mechanism 4 includes a base 41, a first screw 42, a second screw 46, a moving block 43, a hinge rod 44, and a rotary motor 45. The base 41 is located between the two movable seats 31, and a telescopic component 6 is connected between each movable seat 31 and the base 41. The telescopic component 6 is provided to limit the rotation of the base 41.

[0062] Reference Figure 3 A first screw 42 is rotatably connected to the center of the upper surface of the base 41, and the axis of the first screw 42 is vertically oriented. The top of the first screw 42 has an integrally formed optical shaft portion, which is keyed to a first gear 451. A rotary motor 45 is fixed to the upper surface of the base 41, and the output shaft of the rotary motor 45 faces upward and is connected to a second gear 421. The second gear 421 meshes with the first gear 451, enabling the rotary motor 45 to drive the first screw 42 to rotate. A movable block 43 is threadedly connected to the first screw 42. Two hinge rods 44 are provided, each hinged to the outer peripheral wall of the movable block 43, with the ends of the two hinge rods 44 away from the movable block 43 respectively hinged to two movable seats 31. When the rotary motor 45 rotates, the first screw 42 can push the movable block 43 downward, thereby pushing the two movable seats 31 to move away from each other.

[0063] Reference Figure 3 The second screw 46 is connected to the top of the first screw 42 via a coupling, allowing the second screw 46 to rotate in tandem with the first screw 42; the thread direction of the second screw 46 is opposite to that of the first screw 42. (See also...) Figure 4The end of the second screw 46 furthest from the first screw 42 passes through the lifting support 26 and is threadedly connected to the lifting support 26. When the rotary motor 45 rotates, the rotation of the second screw 46 can push the lifting support 26 to move upward, thereby gradually pushing the first arc beam 23 and the second arc beam 24 to move upward, greatly improving the convenience of operation of the working device for construction personnel.

[0064] Reference Figure 5 The telescopic component 6 includes multiple sleeves 61 that are sequentially fitted together, with the inner diameter of each sleeve 61 gradually increasing from the inside to the outside. The outermost sleeve 61 is fixedly connected to the side of the movable seat 31, and the innermost sleeve 61 is fixedly connected to the side of the base 41. In this embodiment, the number of sleeves 61 is set to three. In other embodiments, the number of sleeves 61 can also be four or five, which can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0065] Reference Figure 6 Each sleeve 61 has an integrally formed baffle 62 on its inner wall, the inner diameter of which is equal to the outer diameter of the adjacent inner sleeve 61. Each sleeve 61 also has an integrally formed limiting ring 63 on its outer diameter, the outer diameter of which is equal to the inner diameter of the adjacent outer sleeve 61. The baffle 62 and the limiting ring 63 are located at opposite ends of the sleeve 61's axis. When the moving seat 31 moves outward, causing the telescopic assembly 6 to gradually unfold, the limiting ring 63 of the sleeve 61 can match and abut against the baffle 62 of the adjacent outer sleeve 61, reducing the possibility of adjacent sleeves 61 disengaging from each other.

[0066] Reference Figure 2 Each winding mechanism 5 includes two mounting plates 51 fixed to the top of the movable seat 31 and a winding roller 52 rotatably mounted between the two mounting plates 51. The winding roller 52 is located on the side of the adjacent first vertical beam 21 / adjacent second vertical beam 22 away from the supporting steel mesh 1. (See also...) Figure 5 Each movable seat 31 has a through groove 312 at the end away from the adjacent movable seat 31. The through groove 312 is connected to the top surface of the connecting seat and is set towards the take-up roller 52. The two opposite side edges of the supporting steel mesh 1 pass through the two through grooves 312 respectively and are correspondingly connected to the two take-up rollers 52.

[0067] Reference Figure 2Each mounting plate 51 has a coil spring 53 installed on the side away from the adjacent mounting plate 51. One end of the coil spring 53 is connected to the take-up roller 52, and the other end of the coil spring 53 is connected to the mounting plate 51. The coil spring 53 enables the take-up roller 52 to normally wind around the supporting steel mesh 1, so that the supporting steel mesh 1 normally abuts against the outer wall of the supporting frame 2. When the rotary motor 45 operates, it drives the first vertical beam 21 and the second vertical beam 22 to move away from each other, and drives the first arc beam 23 and the second arc beam 24 to move upward. The supporting frame 2 can open the supporting steel mesh 1 and make the supporting steel mesh 1 match and abut against the rock wall of the tunnel, thereby providing good support for the tunnel.

[0068] Reference Figure 5 Each movable seat 31 has a clearance groove 311 on its side near the base 41. The clearance groove 311 is a through groove that runs through the upper and lower sides of the movable seat 31, and the end of the hinge rod 44 away from the movable block 43 is hinged to the inner wall of the clearance groove 311. The bottom of the movable seat 31 has a movable groove 313, which is connected to the clearance groove 311. A movable plate 33 is movably installed in the movable groove 313, and the shape of the movable plate 33 matches the shape of the movable groove 313. A pin 331 is vertically fixed on the top of the movable plate 33. The upper surface of the movable seat 31 has a hole that communicates with the movable groove 313. The pin 331 movably passes through the hole and is partially exposed on the upper surface of the movable seat 31. When the pin 331 moves in the hole, the movable plate 33 can move up and down relative to the movable seat 31.

[0069] Reference Figure 5 A second pulley 34 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the movable plate 33. The axis of rotation of the second pulley 34 is set in the same direction as the tunnel excavation direction, and the second pulley 34 is in a suspended state when the movable plate 33 is completely located in the movable groove 313. A force-bearing rod 332 is also mounted on the top of the movable plate 33. The force-bearing rod 332 is located in the relief groove 311. When the rotary motor 45 drives the moving block 43 to move downward, each hinge rod 44 can gradually abut against the force-bearing rod 332 and push the force-bearing rod 332 and the movable plate 33 downward. Finally, the movable plate 33 is exposed below the movable groove 313. At this time, the second pulley 34 is pressed against the ground, while the first pulley 32 is in a suspended state, which can limit the movement of the working device along the tunnel excavation direction and improve the stability of the working device support.

[0070] The implementation principle of a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) rebar mesh rapid support device in this application embodiment is as follows:

[0071] When rapid support of the tunnel rock wall is required, construction workers can easily move the working device using the first pulley 32. Once the device reaches the designated support location, the workers control the rotary motor 45, which drives the first screw 42 and the second screw 46 to rotate in the same direction. This causes the moving block 43 and the lifting support 26 to move away from each other, ultimately moving the first vertical beam 21 and the second vertical beam 22 away from each other. Simultaneously, the first arc-shaped beam 23 and the second arc-shaped beam 24 move upwards together, achieving the effect of the support frame 2 expanding outwards. The support frame 2 expands the support steel mesh 1 and presses it tightly against the tunnel rock wall, thus providing excellent support for the tunnel rock wall. The entire operation is convenient and fast, greatly improving the ease of construction and facilitating emergency support of the rock wall.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] This application also discloses a method for rapid TBM-based steel mesh support operations.

[0074] A rapid TBM-supported steel mesh construction method includes the following steps:

[0075] Step S1: Use a TBM tunnel boring machine to excavate the tunnel;

[0076] Step S2: When tunnel support is required, determine the support location and move the working device to the designated support location using the traveling mechanism 3.

[0077] In step S3, the rotary motor 45 is activated, causing the moving block 43 and the lifting support 26 to move in opposite directions. This causes the first vertical beam 21 and the second vertical beam 22 to move away from each other, while simultaneously causing the first arc-shaped beam 23 and the second arc-shaped beam 24 to move vertically upwards. This causes the support frame 2 to expand outwards as a whole, ultimately securing the support steel mesh 1 against the tunnel wall. Additionally, as the moving block 43 moves downwards, it gradually abuts against the force-bearing rod 332 and pushes the movable plate 33 downwards. The second pulley 34 at the bottom of the movable plate 33 abuts against the ground and lifts the first pulley 32 off the ground, reducing the possibility of the working device moving along the tunnel's excavation direction.

[0078] Step S4: Provide auxiliary support for the first vertical beam 21, the second vertical beam 22, the first arc-shaped beam 23, and the second arc-shaped beam 24 to improve the stability of the support.

[0079] The implementation principle of the TBM steel mesh rapid support operation method in this application embodiment is as follows:

[0080] After tunnel excavation, the working device is moved to the designated support location, and the drive mechanism 4 is controlled to expand the support frame 2 outwards as a whole. This allows for rapid completion of tunnel wall support operations, improving the convenience and safety of construction work and enabling emergency support of the tunnel walls. Furthermore, after the support frame 2 presses the support mesh 1 against the tunnel wall, it provides auxiliary support to the various components of the support frame 2, which helps improve the safety of the working device's support and further reduces safety hazards.

[0081] The above are preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) rapid support device with steel mesh, characterized in that: It includes a main beam frame and a supporting steel mesh (1) set on the outside of the main beam frame. The main beam frame includes two traveling mechanisms (3) and multiple supporting frames (2) installed between the two traveling mechanisms (3). Each of the supporting frames (2) is arched. Each of the aforementioned support frames (2) includes a first vertical beam (21), a second vertical beam (22), a first arc beam (23), and a second arc beam (24). The first arc beam (23) and the second arc beam (24) are slidably connected in the horizontal direction. When the first arc beam (23) moves to a position away from the second arc beam (24), the first arc beam (23) and the second arc beam (24) together form an arch shape. The first vertical beam (21) is slidably installed in the vertical direction at the end of the first arc beam (23) away from the second arc beam (24), and the second vertical beam (22) is slidably installed in the vertical direction at the end of the second arc beam (24) away from the first arc beam (23). One set of the walking mechanisms (3) is fixed to one end of all the first vertical beams (21) away from the first arc beam (23), and another set of the walking mechanisms (3) is fixed to one end of all the second vertical beams (22) away from the second arc beam (24); a driving mechanism (4) is provided between the two walking mechanisms (3), the driving mechanism (4) is used to drive the first vertical beams (21) and the second vertical beams (22) to move closer to each other / away from each other, and to drive the first arc beams (23) and the second arc beams (24) to move vertically; Each of the walking mechanisms (3) is equipped with a winding mechanism (5), and the two sides of the supporting steel mesh (1) are respectively connected to the two winding mechanisms (5); the winding mechanism (5) normally winds up the supporting steel mesh (1) and makes the supporting steel mesh (1) press against the outer wall of the supporting frame (2).

2. The TBM rebar mesh rapid support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (4) includes a base (41), a first screw (42), a moving block (43), a hinge rod (44), and a rotary motor (45). The base (41) is located between two sets of walking mechanisms (3). Each walking mechanism (3) is connected to the base (41) with a telescopic component (6) for limiting the rotation of the base (41). The first screw (42) is rotatably connected to the base (41), and the moving block (43) is threadedly connected to the base (41); there are two hinge rods (44), and the two hinge rods (44) are respectively hinged to two sets of walking mechanisms (3), and the end of each hinge rod (44) away from the walking mechanism (3) is hinged to the moving block (43); the rotary motor (45) is fixed to the upper surface of the base (41), and the rotary motor (45) is connected to the first screw (42) through a gear pair transmission.

3. The TBM rebar mesh rapid support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first arc-shaped beam (23) is provided with a first arc-shaped groove (231), the shape of which is adapted to the shape of the first arc-shaped beam (23); the second arc-shaped beam (24) is provided with a second arc-shaped groove (241), the shape of which is adapted to the shape of the second arc-shaped beam (24); a connecting column (262) is inserted between the first arc-shaped groove (231) and the second arc-shaped groove (241), and a lifting support (26) is provided below the connecting column (262), and the two ends of the connecting column (262) are respectively connected to the lifting support (26); The drive mechanism (4) further includes a second screw (46), which is coaxially connected to the end of the first screw (42) away from the base (41). The threads of the second screw (46) and the first screw (42) are arranged in opposite directions. The end of the second screw (46) away from the first screw (42) passes through the lifting support (26) and is threadedly connected to the lifting support (26).

4. The TBM rebar mesh rapid support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly (6) includes a plurality of sleeves (61) that are sequentially sleeved together. The inner diameter of each sleeve (61) gradually increases from the inside to the outside. Each sleeve (61) has a baffle (62) on its inner wall and a limiting ring (63) on its outer wall. The baffle (62) and the limiting ring (63) are located at the two ends of the sleeve (61) along the axial direction, and the limiting ring (63) of each sleeve (61) is matched and abuts against the baffle (62) of the adjacent outer sleeve (61).

5. The TBM rebar mesh rapid support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The walking mechanism (3) includes a movable seat (31) fixed to an adjacent first vertical beam (21) / an adjacent second vertical beam (22) and a first pulley (32) rotatably mounted on the bottom of the movable seat (31). The axis of rotation of the first pulley (32) is perpendicular to the tunnel excavation direction. A movable plate (33) is movably embedded in the bottom of the movable seat (31). A second pulley (34) is rotatably mounted on the bottom wall of the movable plate (33). The axis of rotation of the second pulley (34) is in the same direction as the tunnel excavation direction. When the rotary motor (45) drives the first vertical beam (21) and the second vertical beam (22) to move away from each other, the hinge rod (44) forces the movable plate (33) to move downward and makes the second pulley (34) press against the ground. At this time, the first pulley (32) is in a suspended state.

6. The TBM rebar mesh rapid support device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper surface of the movable plate (33) is vertically fixed with a pin (331), which is movably inserted through the movable seat (31); a force rod (332) is mounted on the top of the movable plate (33), and a relief groove (311) is provided on the side of the movable seat (31) facing the adjacent movable seat (31), and the force rod (332) is located in the relief groove (311); the end of the hinge rod (44) away from the movable block (43) is hinged to the inner wall of the relief groove (311).

7. The TBM rebar mesh rapid support device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The winding mechanism (5) includes two mounting plates (51) mounted on the upper surface of the movable seat (31) and a winding roller (52) rotatably mounted between the two mounting plates (51). One edge of the supporting steel mesh (1) is fixed to the winding roller (52). Both ends of the winding roller (52) are provided with coil springs (53). The coil springs (53) normally cause the winding roller (52) to wind around the supporting steel mesh (1).

8. The TBM rebar mesh rapid support operation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The take-up roller (52) is located on the side of the adjacent first vertical beam (21) / second vertical beam (22) away from the supporting steel mesh (1); the movable seat (31) is provided with a through groove (312) on the side away from the adjacent movable seat (31), the through groove (312) is connected to the top surface of the movable seat (31) and is located towards the take-up roller (52).

9. The TBM rebar mesh rapid support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first vertical beam (21) is provided with a first sliding groove (211), the extension direction of the first sliding groove (211) is set in the same direction as the vertical direction; a high-strength bolt (25) is provided inside the first sliding groove (211), the bolt body of the high-strength bolt (25) passes through the first sliding groove (211) and is connected to the first arc beam (23), and the head of the high-strength bolt (25) abuts against the first vertical beam (21).

10. A method for rapid TBM-based steel mesh support operation, based on the TBM-based steel mesh rapid support operation device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Use a TBM tunnel boring machine to excavate the tunnel; Step S2: When tunnel support is required, determine the support location and move the working device to the designated support location. Step S3: Control the drive mechanism (4) to move the first vertical beam (21) and the second vertical beam (22) away from each other, while the first arc beam (23) and the second arc beam (24) move upward in the vertical direction, so that the support frame (2) expands outward as a whole, and the support frame (2) presses the support steel mesh (1) against the tunnel wall. Step S4: Provide auxiliary support for the first vertical beam (21), the second vertical beam (22), the first arc beam (23), and the second arc beam (24) to improve the stability of the support.

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