A forming chamber for a 3D printing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a forming chamber for a 3D printing device, which mainly consists of a forming chamber body and an exhaust air component. The exhaust air component is connected to an air suction port arranged inside the forming chamber body through an air duct. The exhaust air component is also provided with a dust removal device, a replacement device and an air inlet component; the replacement device can realize the automatic replacement of the filter element plate through the cooperation of a piston cylinder and a positioning slide rod, without opening the device for manual replacement, which not only reduces the physical labor of the operator but also avoids the influence on the operation of the device caused by the replacement of the filter element plate; the air inlet device is provided with a plurality of impellers and air ducts to extend the flow time of the gas and fully cool it. A rotating plate is also arranged at the air suction port, which can adjust the air suction direction, disturb the internal air flow and improve the dust removal efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of valve production and processing equipment, and particularly relates to a forming chamber for 3D printing equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of social productivity and consumption ability, the production requirements of industrial products are also constantly increasing. Some of these improvements are reflected in the fact that purchasers are increasingly pursuing diversification and customization, and the other part is that producers all want to expand a broader market under the promotion of consumer demand. However, due to the increasing customization requirements in various industries nowadays, producers not only need to quickly carry out targeted designs, but also face the cost increase brought by small-batch production. It is very difficult to meet such customized rapid production requirements with the traditional mass production method, and the cost of the existing mass production method remains high. Especially in small-batch production, the cost is difficult to share, and it is easy to generate large losses. To solve this dilemma, a batch of new manufacturing technologies and manufacturing models have emerged in recent years, and manufacturing engineering and science have achieved unprecedented development.

[0003] Rapid prototyping technology is a new emerging production mode that emerged to solve the current dilemmas of production manufacturers. Under the action of rapid prototyping technology, both the product design time and the manufacturing cycle have been greatly shortened, and through existing information technology means, the qualified rate of product design and manufacturing can be greatly improved. Only a few trial times are required to prepare products that meet the actual requirements, greatly reducing the development production cost of new products, effectively reducing the self-pressure of producers in producing small-batch customized products, and at the same time bringing changes to the traditional manufacturing industry. Rapid prototyping technology (RP) is a new type of product manufacturing technology that integrates computer-aided design and manufacturing technology, reverse engineering technology, layered manufacturing technology (SFF), material removal forming (MPR), and material addition forming (MAP) technology. Simply put, it is to quickly manufacture the target product with the help of three-dimensional design software, so it is also called 3D printing technology.

[0004] Among existing 3D printing technologies, selective laser melting (SLM) is mostly used for the additive manufacturing of metal objects. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a direct metal forming method and a relatively mature solution among existing rapid prototyping technologies. Its working principle mainly involves layer-by-layer melting of powder materials. The original three-dimensional design data is divided into multiple layers, and according to the shape of the designed product, the powder is melted into a specific geometric shape in each independent layer. Then, each melted layer is bonded to obtain the final product. As an additive manufacturing method, compared with traditional subtractive manufacturing, it greatly reduces material waste, generates very little waste during the processing, and the forming process is hardly limited by the complexity of the part, so it has a wide range of applications, especially suitable for the manufacturing of single-piece and small-batch products.

[0005] However, there are still some problems in existing SLM 3D printers. First, during the forming process of metal products, a lot of black smoke and metal plasma vapor are generated when the laser sinters the powder layer, which will cause a lot of floating particles inside the forming chamber, greatly affecting the permeability of the laser light path, thus greatly reducing the actual power of the laser, and having a very serious impact on the production quality and accuracy of the final product. Sometimes it even causes the laser to be unable to melt the metal powder in a single layer, resulting in serious defects in the product or even unable to form the product. Although a protective gas is introduced into the forming chamber during the melting of the metal powder to keep the air in the chamber in a flowing state, due to the relatively large printing area of some equipment, in order to avoid excessive stress on the entire surface during general laser scanning, diagonal scanning or checkerboard scanning is usually selected. At this time, the black smoke and large particles near the air outlet will be blown and fall on the surface of the workpiece near the air inlet, thus affecting the powder spreading and sintering quality of the next layer; it is very difficult to completely disperse the flue gas in the chamber only through simple ventilation flow, and the too stable flow direction will also cause the metal powder to continuously accumulate in the same place.

[0006] In the face of this problem, the present invention designs a 3D printing forming chamber, which generates disturbances to the gas flow in the forming chamber by continuously changing the wind direction of the air inlet, improving the pumping efficiency of flue gas and dust, and improving the accuracy and quality of the formed parts. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to propose corresponding solutions to the above problems, a forming chamber for 3D printing equipment is proposed.

[0008] A forming chamber for a 3D printing device proposed in the present invention includes a forming chamber body and an exhaust air component. The exhaust air component is arranged on one side of the forming chamber, and the exhaust air component and the forming chamber are connected through an air duct. The exhaust air component includes a box body and a cover plate, and the cover plate is fixedly connected to the box body. A dust removal device is installed at the lower part inside the box body. A replacement device is also installed in the box body. A gas cooling device is installed at the top of the replacement device. An air duct is arranged on the cover plate, and the air duct is connected to an air suction port provided on the side wall of the forming chamber body.

[0009] Further, the dust removal device is composed of a stand under the box body and a dust filter plate. The replacement mechanism includes a piston cylinder and a connecting piece fixed inside the box body. The piston rod of the piston cylinder is connected to one end of the connecting piece, and the connecting piece is movably installed on a directional slide rod. The directional slide rod is fixedly installed on the lower side of the receiving frame. One end of the receiving frame is connected to a sealing plate, and the two are fixedly installed inside the box body. A temperature sensor is also installed in the box body. The other end of the connecting piece is fixedly connected to a filter element plate support. One end of the filter element plate support is provided with a replacement opening. An air inlet box body is arranged on the receiving frame. A positioning block is arranged at the bottom of the air inlet box body, and two positioning rods are arranged in the positioning block. Spring wires are also sleeved on the positioning rods. The bottom of the positioning rod is fixedly installed with a positioning block bottom plate, and the two ends of the spring wire are respectively fixedly connected to the upper wall of the positioning block and the positioning block bottom plate. A connecting rod telescoping mechanism is arranged on one side of the filter element plate support. A placement plate is arranged on one side of the air inlet box body. A placement rack is fixedly connected to the placement plate. Multiple replacement filter element plates are placed on the placement rack. An air inlet cover plate is arranged at the upper part of the air inlet box body.

[0010] Further, a connecting rod seat is arranged on one side of the filter element plate support. The connecting rod seat is connected to a telescopic connecting rod. A storage bin is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic connecting rod, and the storage bin is fixedly connected to the box body.

[0011] Further, a lifting handle is arranged on the side of the dust filter plate on the stand. A collection box is arranged below the center position of the stand, and the position of the collection box is directly opposite to the bottom of the air inlet box body.

[0012] Further, an air inlet hood support is arranged below the air inlet at the center of the air inlet cover plate. Four air inlet impeller hoods are arranged below the air inlet hood support, and air inlet impellers are arranged in the impeller hoods. The air inlet impeller hoods are fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe.

[0013] Further, an air suction pipe is provided at the central position of the intake air box body; both ends of the connecting rod are fixedly connected to the intake air impeller, a small gear is provided at the central position of the connecting rod, and the small gear is engaged with the transmission gear; a central shaft is fixedly provided at the center of the transmission gear, and the central shaft is movably connected to the shaft bracket; the shaft bracket is fixedly connected to the air inlet cover plate; an air suction motor is further provided in the intake air box body, the air suction motor is fixedly connected to one side of the air suction pipe through a motor bracket, and a driving gear is fixedly provided on the rotating shaft of the air suction motor, and the driving gear is engaged with the transmission gear.

[0014] Further, the air duct is fixedly connected to the air inlet cover plate; the air suction port is fixedly connected to the inner side of the forming chamber through a fixing bracket.

[0015] Further, a slot is provided on the air suction port, and a passive sprocket is provided in the slot; the passive sprocket is engaged with the active sprocket, the active sprocket is fixed on the rotating shaft of the adjusting motor, and the adjusting motor is fixedly provided below the air suction port.

[0016] Further, a rotating air guide plate is provided at the air suction port, and a connecting strip is provided on the back side of the rotating air guide plate; one end of the connecting strip is connected to the latch through a spring, and the other end is provided with a driven wheel; the driven wheel contacts the passive sprocket in the slot.

[0017] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0018] First, a filter plate replacement device is provided in the exhaust component, which can automatically replace the filter plate in the exhaust component in time, avoiding poor exhaust caused by excessive dust in the filter plate; at the same time, a collection box is provided below the receiving rack, and the replaced old filter plate will directly fall into the collection box to ensure environmental cleanliness.

[0019] Second, a circulating air flow structure is provided below the air suction port of the intake air box body, which prolongs the movement process of the gas during exhaust, reduces its temperature, reduces the internal heat accumulation of the exhaust component, and ensures the normal operation of the exhaust component.

[0020] Third, a rotating air guide plate is provided at the air suction port arranged in the forming chamber. By driving the motor, the angle of the air guide plate can be adjusted to change the air speed and direction of the air outlet during exhaust, which plays a certain disturbing role in the gas flow in the forming chamber and improves the dust and fog removal efficiency during exhaust. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the forming chamber;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the exhaust component;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the dust removal mechanism of the exhaust component;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the replacement device;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the receiving plate;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the telescopic connecting rod;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the air inlet pipe;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the air inlet device;

[0029] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the air inlet cover plate;

[0030] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the air suction port;

[0031] In the figure: 1 - forming bin; 2 - exhaust component; 3 - box body; 4 - cover plate; 5 - dust filter plate; 6 - replacement device; 7 - air inlet device; 8 - air suction port; 9 - bench; 10 - collection box; 11 - piston cylinder; 12 - connecting piece; 13 - directional slide bar; 14 - filter plate support plate; 15 - filter plate; 16 - positioning block; 17 - positioning rod; 18 - spring wire; 19 - positioning block bottom plate; 20 - coupling seat; 21 - telescopic connecting rod; 22 - storage bin; 23 - storage rack; 24 - air inlet box body; 25 - air inlet cover plate; 26 - air inlet hood support; 27 - air suction pipe; 28 - shaft support; 29 - impeller cover; 30 - air suction motor; 31 - motor support; 32 - driving gear; 33 - driven gear; 34 - central shaft; 35 - small gear; 36 - connecting rod; 37 - impeller; 38 - air duct; 39 - fixing frame; 40 - adjusting motor; 41 - driving sprocket; 42 - driven sprocket; 43 - clamping block; 44 - spring; 45 - connecting bar; 46 - rotating air deflector; 47 - air suction port; 48 - driven wheel. Specific embodiments

[0032] Embodiment

[0033] Such as Figures 1-10 , including the bin body of the forming bin 1 and the exhaust component 2. The exhaust component 2 is arranged on one side of the forming bin 1, and the exhaust component 2 is connected to the forming bin 1 through an air duct; the exhaust component 2 includes a box body 3 and a cover plate 4, and the cover plate 4 is fixedly connected to the box body 3; a dust filtering device is installed at the lower part inside the box body 3; a replacement device 6 is also installed in the box body 3; a gas cooling device is installed on the top of the replacement device 6 to reduce the gas temperature during exhaust and reduce the internal heat accumulation of the exhaust component 2; an air duct is arranged on the cover plate 4, and the air duct is connected to the air suction port 47 arranged on the side wall of the bin body of the forming bin 1; a dust removal device, a replacement device 6, an air inlet device and an air suction device are also arranged in the exhaust component 2.

[0034] A dust removal device is provided on the bench below the box body 3. The dust removal device mainly includes a dust filter plate 5; a lifting handle is provided on the side of the dust filter plate 5, and the dust filter plate 5 can be pulled out through the lifting handle for cleaning and replacement, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly and will not affect other components in the exhaust component 2.

[0035] The replacement device 6 is composed of a collection box, a receiving rack, a positioning block 16 and a storage plate; a collection box is provided at the middle position of the bench. When the used filter element plate 15 is replaced, it will fall into the collection box for recycling. When the collection box is full, it will be centrally processed, reducing the labor intensity of the operator and fully ensuring the cleanliness of the equipment operation environment; a piston cylinder is fixedly connected to the right inner wall of the box body 3, and the top of the piston rod of the piston cylinder is fixedly connected to the connecting piece 12; the connecting piece 12 is connected to the directional sliding rod 13 and can slide back and forth on the directional sliding rod 13; the directional sliding rod 13 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the receiving rack. The top of the connecting piece 12 is connected to the support plate 14 of the filter element plate 15, and the filter element plate 15 is arranged on the support plate 14 of the filter element plate 15; the upper part of the support plate 14 of the filter element plate 15 is fixedly connected to the box body 3. The bottom of the intake box body 3 is provided with a positioning block 16, and two positioning rods 17 are arranged in the positioning block 16; a spring wire 18 is also sleeved on the positioning rod 17; the bottom of the positioning rod 17 is fixedly installed with a positioning block bottom plate 19, and both ends of the spring wire 18 are fixedly connected to the upper wall of the positioning block 16 and the positioning block bottom plate 19 respectively. A bayonet is arranged on one side of the filter element plate 15 in the positioning block 16, and the positioning block bottom plate 19 is engaged with the bayonet. The spring wire 18 in the positioning block 16 exerts a certain downward pressure on the positioning block bottom plate 19, making the positioning block bottom plate 19 tilt slightly downward. And because the spring wire 18 has a certain elastic expansion space, the downward pressure at the bayonet position can also be increased after the positioning block bottom plate 19 is engaged with the bayonet of the filter element plate 15, making the combination between the positioning block 16 and the filter element plate 15 more firm, not easy to generate displacement, and improving the positioning effect.

[0036] A coupling seat 20 is arranged on one side of the support plate 14 of the filter element plate. The coupling seat 20 is connected to the telescopic connecting rod 21, and the other end of the telescopic connecting rod 21 is fixed in the storage bin 22, and the storage bin 22 is fixed on the side of the box body 3. A storage rack 23 is arranged on one side of the intake box body 24, and spare filter element plates 15 are placed on the storage rack 23. A sufficient amount of filter element plates 15 can be stored in advance in the exhaust component 2 for timely replacement, effectively improving... The telescopic connecting rod 21 can maintain a small volume when contracting. The storage bin 22 protrudes from the box body 3, so that the connecting rod will not occupy the space inside the box when contracting, making the operation space inside the box body 3 more spacious.

[0037] The air inlet device 7 is composed of an air inlet box body 24, an air inlet cover plate 254, an air duct 38, and an impeller cover 29. Below the air inlet of the center of the air inlet cover plate 254, there is an air inlet hood support 26. Below the air inlet hood support 26, there are 4 air inlet impeller covers 29, and in each impeller cover 29, there is an air inlet impeller 37; the impeller cover 29 is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe. At the center position of the air inlet box body 24, there is a suction air duct 3827; both ends of the connecting rod 36 are fixedly connected to the air inlet impeller 37. At the center position of the connecting rod 36, there is a small gear 35, and the small gear 35 is engaged with the transmission gear 33; a central shaft 34 is fixedly installed at the center of the transmission gear 33, and the central shaft 34 is movably connected to the shaft bracket 28; the shaft bracket 28 is fixedly connected to the air inlet cover plate 254; inside the air inlet box body 24, there is also an air suction motor 30. The air suction motor 30 is fixedly connected to one side of the suction air duct 3827 through a motor bracket 31. On the rotating shaft of the air suction motor 30, there is a power gear 3232, and the power gear 3232 is engaged with the transmission gear 33. When the air suction motor 30 operates, it drives the impellers 37 in the surrounding 4 air inlet impeller covers 29 to rotate through the power gear 3232 and the transmission gear 33 for exhausting; through the cooperation of multiple impellers 37 and the air duct, the gas is dispersed and the flowing process of the gas is extended, so that it can fully dissipate heat during the flow, reducing the accumulated heat inside the box body 3; and by using multiple impellers 37 to work together, the exhaust volume can be increased, effectively improving the exhaust efficiency.

[0038] The main component of the air suction device is the air suction port 47. The air suction port 47 is fixed inside the forming bin through a fixing bracket; there is a slot on the air suction port 47, and a passive gear 42 is arranged in the slot; the passive gear 42 is engaged with the active gear 41, and the active gear 41 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the adjustment motor 40. The adjustment motor 40 is fixedly installed below the air suction port 47. At the air suction port 47, there is a rotating air guiding plate 46, and a connecting strip 45 is arranged on the back side of the rotating air guiding plate 46; one end of the connecting strip 45 is connected to a clamping block 43 through a spring 44, and the other end is installed with a driven wheel 48; the driven wheel 48 contacts the passive gear 42 in the slot. And in each rotating air guiding plate 46, there is a rotating rod corresponding to its length, and the air guiding plate can freely rotate around the rotating rod. In this way, when the adjustment motor 40 rotates, it drives the passive gear 42 in the slot through the active pressure plate. The passive gear 42 makes the connecting strip 45 swing through the driven wheel 48, thereby driving the swing of the rotating air guiding plate 46; making the air flow direction of the air suction port 47 change continuously, disturbing the gas flow inside the forming bin 1, and then improving the exhaust efficiency of the device and reducing the dust and smoke inside the forming bin 1.

[0039] When the forming chamber 1 of a 3D printing device in the present invention is in use: after the intake motor is started, the gas in the forming chamber 1 enters the intake box body 24 through the air suction port 47 and the air duct 38. The intake motor drives the impellers 37 in the 4 impeller covers 29 through gear wheel cooperation, divides 4 air suction channels in the intake box body 24, improves the intake air volume and the exhaust efficiency, and disperses the gas through the cooperation of multiple air channels, increases the contact area, can fully dissipate heat, reduces the accumulated heat in the machine body, and avoids the influence of too high temperature on the operation efficiency of the equipment. When performing the exhaust operation, the adjustment motor 40 at the position of the air suction port 8 drives the passive gear disc 42 in the card slot of the air suction port 8 through the active gear disc 41, and then causes the connecting bar 45 to shake through the driven wheel 48, drives the rotating air guide plate 46 at the position of the air suction port 47 to rotate back and forth, makes the air flow direction at the position of the air suction port 8 change continuously, disturbs the air flow in the forming chamber 1, and improves the dust and fog removal efficiency during air suction. When the filter element plate 15 in the intake box body 24 needs to be replaced, the piston cylinder 11 is started to compress the telescopic connecting rod 21, and drives the support plate 14 of the filter element plate 15 to move; at this time, the bayonet of the filter element plate 15 is engaged with the positioning block bottom plate 19 and will not move along with the support plate 14 of the filter element plate 15; when the support plate 14 of the filter element plate 15 leaves, the filter element plate 15 loses the lower support and will directly fall into the collection box 10 below it; then the spare filter element plate 15 in the storage plate will fall on the support plate 14 of the filter element plate 15, and the support plate can be driven back to the original position by the piston rod to complete the replacement of the filter element plate 15. The entire replacement process of the filter element plate 15 does not require manual operation and can be automatically completed by mechanical equipment, which not only reduces the physical labor of the operator, but also the rapid automatic replacement will not affect the operation of the forming chamber 1. When the dust filter plate 5 on the bench 9 needs to be cleaned, it can be directly pulled out through the lifting handle on its side for cleaning, and the operation is simple and convenient.

[0040] In summary, although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, the above preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A forming chamber for a 3D printing device, characterized in that: It includes a forming bin body and an exhaust component. The exhaust component is arranged on one side of the forming bin, and the exhaust component and the forming bin are connected by an air duct. The exhaust component includes a box body and a cover plate, and the cover plate is fixedly connected to the box body. A dust removal device is installed at the lower part inside the box body. A replacement device is also installed in the box body. A gas cooling device is installed on the top of the replacement device. An air duct is arranged on the cover plate, and the air duct is connected to an air suction port provided on the side wall of the forming bin body. The dust removal device consists of a platform frame below the box body and a dust filtering plate. The replacement device includes a piston cylinder and a connecting piece fixedly arranged inside the box body. The piston rod of the piston cylinder is connected to one end of the connecting piece, and the connecting piece is movably installed on a directional sliding rod. The directional sliding rod is fixedly installed on the lower side of a receiving frame. One end of the receiving frame is connected to a sealing plate, and the two are fixedly installed inside the box body. A temperature sensor is also installed in the box body. The other end of the connecting piece is fixedly connected to a filter element plate support. One end of the filter element plate support is provided with a replacement port. An air inlet box body is arranged on the receiving frame. A positioning block is provided at the bottom of the air inlet box body, and two positioning rods are arranged in the positioning block. Spring wires are also sleeved on the positioning rods. The bottom of the positioning rods is fixedly installed with a positioning block bottom plate, and the two ends of the spring wires are respectively fixedly connected to the upper wall of the positioning block and the positioning block bottom plate. A connecting rod telescoping mechanism is arranged on one side of the filter element plate support. A storage plate is arranged on one side of the air inlet box body. A storage rack is fixedly connected to the storage plate. Multiple replacement filter element plates are placed on the storage rack. An air inlet cover plate is arranged at the upper part of the air inlet box body. A connecting rod seat is arranged on one side of the filter element plate support. The connecting rod seat is connected to a telescopic connecting rod. A storage bin is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic connecting rod, and the storage bin is fixedly connected to the box body. A lifting handle is arranged on the side of the dust filtering plate on the platform frame. A collection box is arranged below the center position of the platform frame, and the position of the collection box is directly opposite to the bottom of the air inlet box body. An air inlet hood support is arranged below the air inlet of the center of the air inlet cover plate. Four air inlet impeller hoods are arranged below the air inlet hood support, and air inlet impellers are arranged in the impeller hoods. The air inlet impeller hoods are fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe. An air suction pipe is arranged at the center position of the air inlet box body. Both ends of a connecting rod are fixedly connected to the air inlet impellers. A small gear is arranged at the center position of the connecting rod, and the small gear is engaged with a transmission gear. A central shaft is fixedly arranged at the center of the transmission gear, and the central shaft is movably connected to a shaft frame. The shaft frame is fixedly connected to the air inlet cover plate. An air suction motor is also arranged inside the air inlet box body. The air suction motor is fixedly connected to one side of the air suction pipe through a motor support. A driving gear is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft of the air suction motor, and the driving gear is engaged with the transmission gear.

2. The forming chamber for a 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air duct is fixedly connected to the air inlet cover plate. The air suction port is fixedly connected to the inside of the forming bin body through a fixing frame.

3. The forming chamber for a 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A slotted groove is arranged on the air suction port, and a passive gear disc is arranged in the slotted groove. The passive gear disc is engaged with an active gear disc, and the active gear disc is fixed on the rotating shaft of an adjusting motor. The adjusting motor is fixedly arranged below the air suction port.

4. The forming chamber for a 3D printing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating air guide plate is provided at the air suction port, and a connecting strip is provided on the back side of the rotating air guide plate; one end of the connecting strip is connected to a clamping block through a spring, and a driven wheel is installed at the other end; the driven wheel is in contact with a passive sprocket in a slotted groove.

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